US3591144A - Shock-absorbing coverings - Google Patents

Shock-absorbing coverings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3591144A
US3591144A US9522A US3591144DA US3591144A US 3591144 A US3591144 A US 3591144A US 9522 A US9522 A US 9522A US 3591144D A US3591144D A US 3591144DA US 3591144 A US3591144 A US 3591144A
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Prior art keywords
envelope
recess
hollow space
beams
guard rail
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US9522A
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Stig Bertil Iving
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0453—Rails of materials other than metal or concrete, e.g. wood, plastics; Rails of different materials, e.g. rubber-faced metal profiles, concrete-filled steel tubes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
    • E01F9/658—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
    • E01F9/669—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for fastening to safety barriers or the like

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A covering for objects that are exposed to impacts, such as road and bridge parapets, guiding curbs, motorcar bumpers, central reserve guard rails for expressways etc.
  • the covering comprises a jacket of resilient material with a hollow space therein in which a damping material, preferably sand, is enclosed.
  • the hollow space has a volume greater than the damping material, whereby the latter can expand when the covering is exposed to an impact.
  • the covering 12 can have onits upper side a particular casing 23 which can eitherbe formed inonepiece with the envelope 13 or be an individual part secured thereto.
  • the casing 23 accommodates lamps 24 and conductors 25 which may also be placed in a tubular conduit at the point designated 26 in" the interior of the envelope 13.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a shockabsorbing structure of this type, which is realized by means of a covering for the parapet, guard,.rail etc.-,' said covering comprising a jacket or envelope of suitable resilient material, such as polyethylene, and a damping material, preferably sand,
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section of a shock-absorbing covering according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a horizontal section of the covering in FlG. l.
  • the illustrated shock-absorbing covering according to the invention is mounted on a guard rail of the type' which is placed between the roadways of an expressway.
  • the guard rail comprises vertical uprights l0, preferablyof-the profile shown in FIG. 2, which are secured in the ground.
  • a U-shaped beam 11 is secured to'the upper ends of the uprights 10 to extend between them.
  • the beam 11 is connected to the uprights preferably by screws.
  • a shock-absorbing covering generally designated 12 is placed on the guard rail which is composed of the parts 10 and 11.
  • the covering 12 is a jacket or envelope ll! of polyethylene or some othcr suitable plastics material.
  • the envelope l3 is approximately square and has a recess 14 which opens at the underside of the envelope and has a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and a width corresponding to that of the parts 10 and 11.
  • the envelope 13 has bumper ribs 15.
  • the envelope contains a filling of sand 16.
  • the sand'l6 does not fill out the envelope l3 entirely, but leaves an expansion space 17 above the sand.
  • the envelope 13 is preferably-manufactured by injection molding in lengths of about 5 meters. The sand is filled into the envelope through holes therein, which are then closed by welding.
  • the covering 12 is mounted on the rail 10, 11 in the manner illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • a beam 18 is provided for additionally supporting the envelope on the rail. It is connected to the uprights 10 in the same manner as the beam 11 and has two channels 19, 20 in which to receive flanges 21 and 22, respectively, projecting from the envelope 13 on either side of the recess 14.
  • the covering can be secured to the rail 10, 11 in any desired manner whatever. it is preferably mounted by clamping action on the rail or is shrunk thereonto, whereby a certain mobility is attained relative to the rail. It is also possible to secure the covering by adhesive bonding or by screwing. It is essential that the covering is simple to mount at the site and that damaged parts are easily exchangeable. I
  • the height of the mil with the covering mounted in position thereon is preferably about i meter, and the total width of the covering may be of the size of e.g. 0.5 meter.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the covering is meant to be placed. on a rail between the roadways of an expressway, but it is self-explanatory that the covering can readily be adapted for. mounting on bridge parapets'and like guard structures.
  • said envelope can have its top provided with a hook-shaped portion with or without sand filling, which is placed about the upper beam of the bridge parapet, while the envelope. at the bottom has a flange corresponding to flange 22 and received in a supporting rail in the same manner as said flange '22.
  • a covering for a bridge parapet can also suitably have a flange'22'both at the top and atthe bottom and be secured by means of two spaced U- shaped means which are secured to the bridge parapet with facing openings.
  • the covering mayof course also be placed on vehicles, particularly onthe bumpers thereof or in such a way as to fonn a complete vehicle front.
  • a road guard rail structure composed of longitudinal beams parallel to the roadway and vertical uprights supporting said beams, ane'nvelope, a hollow space in said envelope, a recess in one side of the envelope for receiving the beams, a
  • damping material and flanges projecting on either side of the recess in the envelope, said damping material being disposed in said hollow space and having a volume smaller than said hollow space, said recess having a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and said flanges on either side of the recess being connected with the road guard rail structure.
  • a road guard rail structure composed of longitudinal beams parallel to the roadway and vertical uprights supporting said beams, an envelope, a hollow space in said envelope, a recess in one side of the envelope for receiving the beams, a damping material, and flanges projecting on either side of the recess in the envelope, a casing on the envelope, lighting means on the casing, and means for supplying electric power to the lighting means to cause them to be lit, said damping material being disposed in the hollow space and having a volume smaller than said hollow space, said recess having a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and receiving means attached to and extending between the uprights and adapted to receive said flanges.

Abstract

A covering for objects that are exposed to impacts, such as road and bridge parapets, guiding curbs, motorcar bumpers, central reserve guard rails for expressways etc. The covering comprises a jacket of resilient material with a hollow space therein in which a damping material, preferably sand, is enclosed. The hollow space has a volume greater than the damping material, whereby the latter can expand when the covering is exposed to an impact.

Description

United States Patent [72] lnventor Stig Berti] lvlng Limhamnsvagen 18A, 217 59, Malmo, Sweden [21] App1.No. 9,522 [22] Filed Feb. 9, 1970 [45] Patented July 6, 1971 [32] Priority 7 Feb. 10,1969 [33] Sweden [31] 1749/69 [54] SHOCK-"ABSORBING COVERINGS 6 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.
[52] US. Cl 256/l3.1, 94/ 1.5
[51] lnt.Cl E01! 15/00 [50] Field olSearch ..256/1, 13.1,
[ 56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,153,384 4/1939 Mazza 273/55 R Primary Examiner-Dennis L. Taylor An0meys- Ralph E. Bucknam, Jesse D. Reingold, Robert R.
Strack and Henry A. Marzullo, Jr.
ABSTRACT: A covering for objects that are exposed to impacts, such as road and bridge parapets, guiding curbs, motorcar bumpers, central reserve guard rails for expressways etc. The covering comprises a jacket of resilient material with a hollow space therein in which a damping material, preferably sand, is enclosed. The hollow space has a volume greater than the damping material, whereby the latter can expand when the covering is exposed to an impact.
PATENTEDJUL 612mv 359 1 144 sum 1 or 2 FIG.I
snocx-Aasoaanso covaamcs 1- In recent years, traffic safety research has devoted an ever increasing interest to the function of shock-'absorbingdevices, particularly bridge parapets and road guard rails for highways and expressways, but also motorcar bumpers. lt hasbeen.
- gers.
the raildoes not have any parts that can penetrate into the motorcar, therebycausing injury to the driver and the passen- [As will appear from FIG. 1, the covering 12 can have onits upper side a particular casing 23 which can eitherbe formed inonepiece with the envelope 13 or be an individual part secured thereto. The casing 23 accommodates lamps 24 and conductors 25 which may also be placed in a tubular conduit at the point designated 26 in" the interior of the envelope 13. With this arrangement of the lamps 24 it is possible to provide directional light for the roadway, 01' Warning light that can be lit on either side of a scene of accident. Serving as directional 4 light,'the lamps 24 can easily be switched on and off automatidriver and passengers. If the 'impact of vehicles against the guard rail could be damped the injuries suffered in the collision could be further reduced.
The present invention has for its object to provide a shockabsorbing structure of this type, which is realized by means of a covering for the parapet, guard,.rail etc.-,' said covering comprising a jacket or envelope of suitable resilient material, such as polyethylene, and a damping material, preferably sand,
predominantly fillingout said jacket or envelope.
The invention will be morefully described in the following,
reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a vertical section of a shock-absorbing covering according to the invention; v
FIG. 2 is a horizontal section of the covering in FlG. l. The illustrated shock-absorbing covering according to the invention is mounted on a guard rail of the type' which is placed between the roadways of an expressway. The guard rail comprises vertical uprights l0, preferablyof-the profile shown in FIG. 2, which are secured in the ground. A U-shaped beam 11 is secured to'the upper ends of the uprights 10 to extend between them. The beam 11 is connected to the uprights preferably by screws. A shock-absorbing covering generally designated 12 is placed on the guard rail which is composed of the parts 10 and 11. The covering 12 is a jacket or envelope ll! of polyethylene or some othcr suitable plastics material. The envelope l3 is approximately square and has a recess 14 which opens at the underside of the envelope and has a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and a width corresponding to that of the parts 10 and 11. At the sides facing the two roadways the envelope 13 has bumper ribs 15. The envelope contains a filling of sand 16. The sand'l6 does not fill out the envelope l3 entirely, but leaves an expansion space 17 above the sand. The envelope 13 is preferably-manufactured by injection molding in lengths of about 5 meters. The sand is filled into the envelope through holes therein, which are then closed by welding.
The covering 12 is mounted on the rail 10, 11 in the manner illustrated in FIG. 1. For additionally supporting the envelope on the rail a beam 18 is provided. It is connected to the uprights 10 in the same manner as the beam 11 and has two channels 19, 20 in which to receive flanges 21 and 22, respectively, projecting from the envelope 13 on either side of the recess 14. The covering can be secured to the rail 10, 11 in any desired manner whatever. it is preferably mounted by clamping action on the rail or is shrunk thereonto, whereby a certain mobility is attained relative to the rail. It is also possible to secure the covering by adhesive bonding or by screwing. It is essential that the covering is simple to mount at the site and that damaged parts are easily exchangeable. I
The height of the mil with the covering mounted in position thereon is preferably about i meter, and the total width of the covering may be of the size of e.g. 0.5 meter.
When a motorcar collides with the described rail and the covering thereon those parts of the motorcar most suited to absorb impacts will hit the rail. The impact will be damped by reason-of the sand filling expanding in the envelope l3 and also by reason of the possible displacement of the covering 12 longitudinally of the rail. A further important feature is that cally so that a motorcar itself can switch on lamps 'l or 2 kilometers ahead of the motorcar, whereupon these lamps are extinguished after a given period of time. It is also. possible to switch on the lamps from a central point and to have the lampsblink in a certain section if an accident has happenedin this section.
As already mentioned the illustrated embodiment of the covering is meant to be placed. on a rail between the roadways of an expressway, but it is self-explanatory that the covering can readily be adapted for. mounting on bridge parapets'and like guard structures. In that case, only half the envelope l3 illustrated in FIG. 1 need be used and said envelope can have its top provided with a hook-shaped portion with or without sand filling, which is placed about the upper beam of the bridge parapet, while the envelope. at the bottom has a flange corresponding to flange 22 and received in a supporting rail in the same manner as said flange '22. A covering for a bridge parapet can also suitably have a flange'22'both at the top and atthe bottom and be secured by means of two spaced U- shaped means which are secured to the bridge parapet with facing openings. The covering mayof course also be placed on vehicles, particularly onthe bumpers thereof or in such a way as to fonn a complete vehicle front.
lclaim: I. In a road guard rail structure composed of longitudinal beams parallel to the roadway and vertical uprights supporting said beams, ane'nvelope, a hollow space in said envelope, a recess in one side of the envelope for receiving the beams, a
damping material, and flanges projecting on either side of the recess in the envelope, said damping material being disposed in said hollow space and having a volume smaller than said hollow space, said recess having a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and said flanges on either side of the recess being connected with the road guard rail structure.
'2. A road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein said envelope is composed of successive individual sections which are restrictedly movable relative to said beams.
3. A-road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein channels are secured between the vertical uprights with upwardly facing mouths for receiving said flanges.
4. In a road guard rail structure composed of longitudinal beams parallel to the roadway and vertical uprights supporting said beams, an envelope, a hollow space in said envelope, a recess in one side of the envelope for receiving the beams, a damping material, and flanges projecting on either side of the recess in the envelope, a casing on the envelope, lighting means on the casing, and means for supplying electric power to the lighting means to cause them to be lit, said damping material being disposed in the hollow space and having a volume smaller than said hollow space, said recess having a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and receiving means attached to and extending between the uprights and adapted to receive said flanges.
5. A road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the envelope is of polyethylene and said damping material is sand.
6. A road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein said envelope is composed of successive individual sections which are restrictedly movable relative to said beams.

Claims (6)

1. In a road guard rail structure composed of longitudinal beams parallel to the roadway and vertical uprights supporting said beams, an envelope, a hollow space in said envelope, a recess in one side of the envelope for receiving the beams, a damping material, and flanges projecting on either side of the recess in the envelope, said damping material being disposed in said hollow space and having a vOlume smaller than said hollow space, said recess having a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and said flanges on either side of the recess being connected with the road guard rail structure.
2. A road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein said envelope is composed of successive individual sections which are restrictedly movable relative to said beams.
3. A road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein channels are secured between the vertical uprights with upwardly facing mouths for receiving said flanges.
4. In a road guard rail structure composed of longitudinal beams parallel to the roadway and vertical uprights supporting said beams, an envelope, a hollow space in said envelope, a recess in one side of the envelope for receiving the beams, a damping material, and flanges projecting on either side of the recess in the envelope, a casing on the envelope, lighting means on the casing, and means for supplying electric power to the lighting means to cause them to be lit, said damping material being disposed in the hollow space and having a volume smaller than said hollow space, said recess having a depth exceeding half the height of the envelope, and receiving means attached to and extending between the uprights and adapted to receive said flanges.
5. A road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the envelope is of polyethylene and said damping material is sand.
6. A road guard rail structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein said envelope is composed of successive individual sections which are restrictedly movable relative to said beams.
US9522A 1969-02-10 1970-02-09 Shock-absorbing coverings Expired - Lifetime US3591144A (en)

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Cited By (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963218A (en) * 1972-06-29 1976-06-15 Acieries Reunies De Burbach-Eich-Dudelange S.A. Arbed Vehicle guardrail with metal core
US3982735A (en) * 1972-11-23 1976-09-28 Fornells Gilbert P Dismantable and directable rail or balustrade
US4040759A (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-08-09 Olaf Narten Skalle Warning, marking and/or barrier arrangement
US4249832A (en) * 1978-12-13 1981-02-10 High Performance Composites, Inc. Highway median delineator
FR2475090A1 (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-08-07 Energy Absorption System INERTIA BARRIER FOR ROAD SAFETY
US4406563A (en) * 1981-03-30 1983-09-27 Urlberger Hermann Hans Protective barrier provided with at least one longitudinal side bar
US4496264A (en) * 1982-04-01 1985-01-29 Casey Steven M Barrier structure
US4535974A (en) * 1984-04-12 1985-08-20 Henry Conde Impact absorbing parking space barrier
US4553875A (en) * 1982-04-01 1985-11-19 Casey Steven M Method for making barrier structure
EP0297182A1 (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Energy Absorption Systems, Inc. Energy absorbing barrier
US4986694A (en) * 1988-07-12 1991-01-22 Delamere Peter A Marker for concrete barriers
WO1993012300A1 (en) * 1991-12-10 1993-06-24 'societe Commerciale Filtray's' Traffic divider and traffic dividing system using same
US5306106A (en) * 1992-08-14 1994-04-26 Robert Mileti Impact attenuator
US5560732A (en) * 1994-02-10 1996-10-01 Traffix Devices Safety delineators
USD380274S (en) * 1995-12-27 1997-06-24 Stamets Robert C Column protector
US5749673A (en) * 1994-02-10 1998-05-12 Traffix Devices Stackable vertical panel
US5899628A (en) * 1998-08-24 1999-05-04 Pei-Chi; Chang Road anti-dazzle device
US6168346B1 (en) 1997-07-14 2001-01-02 Ronald E. Ernsberger Spacer for supporting a guard rail on a post
US6186699B1 (en) 1994-02-10 2001-02-13 Traffix Devices, Inc. Easily stackable safety delineators
US6305312B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2001-10-23 Bent Manufacturing Company Stackable vertical panel traffic channelizing device
US6520712B2 (en) 1994-02-10 2003-02-18 Traffix Devices, Inc. Safety delineators which easily stack
US6530560B2 (en) 2000-11-15 2003-03-11 K.E.S.S. Inc. Guardrail support, attachment, and positioning block
US6536369B1 (en) 2000-08-18 2003-03-25 Bent Manufacturing Company Handle for traffic delineator
US20040079931A1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2004-04-29 Climente Jose Enrique De La Puerta Vehicle containment barrier
US6758627B2 (en) 2000-11-15 2004-07-06 K.E.S.S. Inc. Guard rail support, attachment, and positioning spacer block
US20040197140A1 (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-07 Matthew Maleska Attachable traffic barrier amenities
US20050274939A1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-15 Monroeville Industrial Moldings, Inc. Guardrail support members
US20060277823A1 (en) * 2005-06-08 2006-12-14 Snapedge Canada. Ltd. Decorative light and landscape lighting system
US7168882B1 (en) * 2005-09-14 2007-01-30 A. W. Owen Road barrier
BE1016571A3 (en) * 2005-03-24 2007-02-06 Wolters Nv Brace-saving protective installation is for use in supermarkets where shopping trolleys are used or in factories and warehouses where forklift trucks are circulating
US20070170137A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2007-07-26 Rack Armour Limited Pallet rack impact protector
US20080069637A1 (en) * 2006-05-19 2008-03-20 Max D. Mize Barrier system and method
US20080149906A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2008-06-26 King David T Guardrail support, attachment, and positioning block
US20080265231A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2008-10-30 King David T Guard rail mounting block and guard rail system incorporating the same
ITPG20080047A1 (en) * 2008-10-23 2009-01-22 Vincenzo Tognaccini SHOCKPROOF ROAD BARRIER
US20100172692A1 (en) * 2009-01-06 2010-07-08 Mccue Corporation Bollard having an impact absorption mechanism
US20110155981A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2011-06-30 Ab Varmforzinkning Road rail
CN103321163A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-09-25 浙江宏博新型建材有限公司 Outer wing of highway fence
WO2013162483A1 (en) * 2012-04-24 2013-10-31 Tekin Ve Emir Yatirim Insaat Limited Sirketi Abacus barrier
US20140334875A1 (en) * 2013-05-13 2014-11-13 Scott A. Hoffman Jersey Barrier Improvements
US9598827B1 (en) * 2016-08-20 2017-03-21 Victor Nicholas Pavloff, Jr. Barrier rail retrofit device assembly
CN107059698A (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-08-18 周肇梅 A kind of anticollision barrier being fixed on close to super expressway fast
IT201700040839A1 (en) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-13 Tubosider S P A Wired road safety barriers and related wiring method
US10597835B2 (en) * 2018-04-09 2020-03-24 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Surrogate for concrete divider
GB2602391A (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-29 Lagan Crawl Ltd A real time information system for road users
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US2793900A (en) * 1951-08-27 1957-05-28 Mary V Marshall Noiseless motor vehicle bumper cover
US3019758A (en) * 1959-10-26 1962-02-06 Nat Lock Co Self-locking gunnel bumpers
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Cited By (66)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963218A (en) * 1972-06-29 1976-06-15 Acieries Reunies De Burbach-Eich-Dudelange S.A. Arbed Vehicle guardrail with metal core
US3982735A (en) * 1972-11-23 1976-09-28 Fornells Gilbert P Dismantable and directable rail or balustrade
US4040759A (en) * 1975-09-03 1977-08-09 Olaf Narten Skalle Warning, marking and/or barrier arrangement
US4249832A (en) * 1978-12-13 1981-02-10 High Performance Composites, Inc. Highway median delineator
FR2475090A1 (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-08-07 Energy Absorption System INERTIA BARRIER FOR ROAD SAFETY
US4289419A (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-09-15 Energy Absorption Systems, Inc. Inertial barrier system
US4406563A (en) * 1981-03-30 1983-09-27 Urlberger Hermann Hans Protective barrier provided with at least one longitudinal side bar
US4496264A (en) * 1982-04-01 1985-01-29 Casey Steven M Barrier structure
US4553875A (en) * 1982-04-01 1985-11-19 Casey Steven M Method for making barrier structure
US4535974A (en) * 1984-04-12 1985-08-20 Henry Conde Impact absorbing parking space barrier
EP0297182A1 (en) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Energy Absorption Systems, Inc. Energy absorbing barrier
US4986694A (en) * 1988-07-12 1991-01-22 Delamere Peter A Marker for concrete barriers
WO1993012300A1 (en) * 1991-12-10 1993-06-24 'societe Commerciale Filtray's' Traffic divider and traffic dividing system using same
US5306106A (en) * 1992-08-14 1994-04-26 Robert Mileti Impact attenuator
US6186699B1 (en) 1994-02-10 2001-02-13 Traffix Devices, Inc. Easily stackable safety delineators
US6520712B2 (en) 1994-02-10 2003-02-18 Traffix Devices, Inc. Safety delineators which easily stack
US5749673A (en) * 1994-02-10 1998-05-12 Traffix Devices Stackable vertical panel
US6095716A (en) * 1994-02-10 2000-08-01 Traffix Devices, Inc. Stackable vertical panel
US5560732A (en) * 1994-02-10 1996-10-01 Traffix Devices Safety delineators
USD380274S (en) * 1995-12-27 1997-06-24 Stamets Robert C Column protector
US6168346B1 (en) 1997-07-14 2001-01-02 Ronald E. Ernsberger Spacer for supporting a guard rail on a post
US5899628A (en) * 1998-08-24 1999-05-04 Pei-Chi; Chang Road anti-dazzle device
US6305312B1 (en) 1999-06-09 2001-10-23 Bent Manufacturing Company Stackable vertical panel traffic channelizing device
US6536369B1 (en) 2000-08-18 2003-03-25 Bent Manufacturing Company Handle for traffic delineator
US6530560B2 (en) 2000-11-15 2003-03-11 K.E.S.S. Inc. Guardrail support, attachment, and positioning block
US6758627B2 (en) 2000-11-15 2004-07-06 K.E.S.S. Inc. Guard rail support, attachment, and positioning spacer block
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