US3802431A - Nasal cannula - Google Patents
Nasal cannula Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3802431A US3802431A US00187687A US18768771A US3802431A US 3802431 A US3802431 A US 3802431A US 00187687 A US00187687 A US 00187687A US 18768771 A US18768771 A US 18768771A US 3802431 A US3802431 A US 3802431A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- patient
- nasal
- lip
- tubular portion
- lip plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
- A61M16/0666—Nasal cannulas or tubing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
- A61M16/0666—Nasal cannulas or tubing
- A61M16/0672—Nasal cannula assemblies for oxygen therapy
Definitions
- a nasal cannula having a hollow tubular portion open at both ends, hollow nasal tip extensions lying in a chordal plane extending through the tubular portion and a curved lip plate integrally formed with the tubular portion extending away from the side of the tubular portion to be positioned adjacent the patients face.
- a pair of auxiliary oxygen supply tubes extend from opposite ends of the tubular portion to a connection to a main fluid supply line.
- the nasal tip extensions have an expanding taper from the point of junction with the tubular portion to a relatively large flare at the opposite free ends.
- the nasal tip extensions are straight, right cylinders.
- the present invention relates to a nasal cannula for use in the administration of fluids such as oxygen into the nasal passages of a convalescent or a person having respiratory ailments and in particular to a cannula which is both positionable and self-positioning on the upper lip of a patients face just below the patients nose.
- Oxygen masks are used in specialized situations where the administration of the fluid is intended to take only a relatively short time. These masks are usually unsatisfactory where it is desired to administer such flu ids for an indefinite period of time, for example, in supplying oxygen to a bedridden patient.
- One alternative when such situations have occurred in the past has been to utilize a catheter which is inserted into one of the nostrils of the patient and passed into the pharynx and the esophagus.
- nasal cannulas have usually been preferred. in their original form such devices were rigid metallic devices which were strapped in varying fashion to the patients head and were provided with nasal extensions of varying lengths which extended from a main fluid supply tube or reservoir to a point just inside the patient's nostrils. Such devices were reusable but as can readily be appreciated rigorous sterilization was necessary after use on a given patient.
- the present invention provides a nasal cannula com prising a hollow tubular portion open at each end, a first hollow nasal extension communicating with the interior of the tubular portion, a second hollow nasal extension spaced from and parallel to the first extension, also communicating with the interior of the tubular portion and a flexible, curved lip plate extending from the tubular portion at a location approximately centered between the nasal extensions, said plate extending generally outwardly from the tubular portion and downwardly in a direction opposite to the direction of extension of the nasal extensions whereby the cannula is caused to be balanced and positioned on a patients upper lip so as to comfortably position the nasal extensions in the patients nostrils.
- a device is thus provided that is suitable for injection molding from a soft and flexible material such as polyvinylchloride to produce a disposable nasal cannula which is essentially non-irritating to the user.
- the cannula has a pair of auxiliary fluid supply tubes connected to opposite ends of the tubular portion thereof which extend to an adapter-connector for an essentially fluid-tight connection to a main fluid supply tube and thence to a fluid supply device such as an oxygen humidifier.
- a slip loop may be optionally provided around the auxiliary oxygen supply tubes for cinching the cannula in position on the patient.
- the auxiliary oxygen supply tubes extend from the tubular portion over the ears of a patient and then either down in front of the neck of the patient or back over the crown of the head.
- a lip plate preferably formed integrally with the cannula enables the positioning of the cannula at various positions on the upper lip of the patient between the extreme of having the upper side of the tubular portion between the cannula extensions bear against the patients septum and a position where the free ends of the nasal extensions barely enter the patients nostrils.
- the flexible plate provides a spring action for the cannula and enables it to assume the proper angular orientation with respect to each individual patient's nostrils so as to center the nasal extensions within the nostrils and prevent the fluid flow from being directed at too high or too low an angle into the nostrils.
- the lip plate preferably has an approximately trapezoidal shape with the minor base being located at the free end thereof and its width being selected so as to approximate the width of the philtrum on the patients upper lip. This permits mating engagement of the lip plate and this portion of the patients anatomy so as to impede side to side shifting of the cannula once mounted on the patient and, in effect, safeguard against lateral slipping which might cause the nasal extensions to become cocked or to bear against and irritate the sides of the nostrils.
- the lip plate provides additional advantages in that the point of support and mounting when in position on a patient is located at a point removed from and below the center of mass of the cannula permitting the cannula to be spaced slightly away from the face and to achieve a lower equilibrium position which is significantly more comfortable to the patient. It has been quite typical of prior art cannulas that complaints of the cannula riding "too high have frequently been encountered.
- the lip plate also provides positive prevention of the cannula from rolling out of the patients nostrils while at the same time riding lightly on the pa tients upper lip so as to permit the patient to shift its position slightly in a vertical direction by the expedient of flexing his upper lip.
- nasal cannula of the present invention includes significantly less irritation to the patient because of reduced skin contact (it has been found that irritation sometimes results when skin acids react with PVC or when the cannula has been improperly sterilized).
- an additional advantage is present in that the gas or fluid supplied is allowed to diffuse gently within the nostrils reducing the gas jet" action which has been particularly characteristic of extensions having small, constricted fluid outlets.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of a cannula assembly according to the present invention in position on a patient;
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the illustration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a complete cannula assembly including the cannula auxiliary and main fluid supply tubes;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along lines 4-4 of FIG. 3;
- FIG. 5 is an elevation view of an alternate embodiment of the present invention utilizing straight, nonflared nasal extensions.
- a cannula assembly 10 is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 as it would be worn by a patient to whom fluids such as oxygen are to be administered.
- the assembly comprises the nasal cannula 12, a pair of auxiliary oxygen supply tubes 14 and 16 connected to opposite ends of cannula 12, a main oxygen supply line 18, a connector 20 for joining auxiliary tubes 14 and Hi to supply tube I8 and a slip loop 22 disposed about auxiliary tubes 14 and 16.
- the nasal cannula l2 is preferably fabricated of injection molded polyvinylchloride having a durometer rating of 55.
- the auxiliary supply tubes 14 and 16 extend into the open ends of the main tube 30 of cannula 12 a predetermined distance and are secured in place therein by a suitable bonding agent.
- Connector 20 which also serves as an adapter permitting a single main line 18 to supply oxygen or other fluid to the pair of auxiliary tubes l4, l6 and to communicate therewith in a fluidtight manner, is provided with a first half 21 for receiving the main oxygen supply tube 18.
- the end of tube 18 extends a predetermined distance into connector 20 and is friction fitted or bonded in place therein.
- the opposite half of connector 20 is provided with a pair of ports 24 and 26 for receiving the ends of the auxiliary tubes 14 and 16.
- the auxiliary tubes likewise extend a predetermined distance into ports 24 and 26 and are friction fitted or bonded in place therein.
- the cannula assembly is adapted for mounting in an over the ear" configuration.
- the auxiliary supply tubes 14 and 16 can then optionally be brought down along the sides of the patients neck with a slip loop 22 being located in front of the patient as shown or they can extend to the back of the patients head with the slip loop 22 being located beyond this point as shown in the ghosted portion of the illustration.
- the slip loop can be moved along the longitudinal extent of the auxiliary tubes l4, 16 to cinch" the cannula assembly in position on the patient. Loosening and tightening the loop formed by the cannula and auxiliary supply tubes permits adjustment of the tension in the loop and the angle of the cannula with respect to the patients nose to achieve maximum patient comfort.
- the cannula 12 is configured so as to be positioned on the upper lip of the patient to whom the fluid is to be administered with a pair of nasal extensions 32, 34 which communicate with the hollow interior of a main tubular portion 30 of the cannula extending from the main tube into the patients nostrils.
- a lip plate 36 integrally formed with the tubular portion 30 extends outwardly and downwardly from the cannula body on the side of the cannula adjacent the patients face for providing a positioning bar to properly orient and locate the cannula with respect to the patients nose and upper lip.
- FIG. 3 a plan view of the entire cannula assembly.
- a tip 28 is provided on the end of main tube 18 opposite connector 20 for connection of the assembly to a fluid supply, for example, an oxygen humidifier.
- the entire assembly with the exception of the slip loop is preferably fabricated of injection molded polyvinylchloride, each of the various parts of the assembly having dimensions and physical configuration determined by its particular function.
- the slip loop is fabricated of a more rigid material such as high impact polystyrene.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the nasal cannula 12 of the present invention in greater detail.
- the cannula comprises a main tube 30, a first and second nasal extension 32 and 34, and a lip plate or flap 36.
- the main tube 30 is hollow and open at each end.
- the nasal extensions 32 and 34 are likewise hollow and communicate with the hollow interior of tube 30.
- the nasal extensions have a flared configuration with the narrow ends 35 thereof being integrally formed with the main tube 30 and the free ends 37 thereof being wider, i.e., flared and ready for insertion into a patients nostrils.
- the wall thickness of nasal extensions 32 and 34 is approximately .020 inch with the wall thickness of the main tube being approximately .125 inch and the thickness of the lip plate being approximately .180 inch tapering to an approximate dimension of .040 inch at the free end thereof.
- the relatively thin walls of the nasal extensions provide additional softness and flexibility further reducing any potential for irritation to sensitive areas inside the patients nostrils. Flaring of each nasal extension reduces the velocity of the fluid as it leaves the open end of the nasal extension permitting the fluid to more slowly dif fuse into the patients nasal passages.
- the lip plate 36 is likewise integrally formed with the main tube and extends in a curved path outwardly and downwardly from the main tube.
- the plate 36 has a generally trapezoidal configuration with the major base 38 being located at the point of juncture with the main tube and being approximately centered with respect to the location of extensions 32 and 34.
- the flap then tapers down to the minor base 40 of the trapezoid which is the free end of the lip flap.
- the physical dimensions of the lip plate given in the preceding paragraph are those utilized in a presently preferred embodiment.
- the thickness of the plate can be changed and the curvature adjusted to control the angle with respect to a reference point such as a vertical plane which the nasal extensions assume when placed on a patient.
- the cannula 41 of FIG. 5 illustrates an alternate embodiment for the cannula of the present invention.
- nasal extensions 42, 44 are provided without a flared free end.
- the extensions are hollow as before and communicate with the interior of the main tube, but in this case have the configuration of a right cylinder.
- a lip plate 46 is again integrally formed with the cannula body and the ends 48, 50 of the main tubular portion of the cannula are open for connection to fluid supply lines (not shown).
- a non-irritating, precisely positioned, disposable cannula is provided by the present invention enabling safe, noncontarninating, efficient administration of fluids to a patient.
- a hollow main tubular member having at least one open end for receiving fluid to be supplied to the patient;
- a pair of spaced, hollow nasal extensions communicating with the interior of the member and extending upwardly away from the member for directing fluid into the nostrils of the patient;
- a lip plate secured to the member at a location centered on a line extending midway between the extensions, the lip plate having curved upper and curved lower surfaces extending in arcuate paths away and down from the member, both said upper and lower surfaces extending in a direction opposite to that of said nasal extensions and tapering to a free end, said free end having a width of approximately the width of the patients philtrum, the lip plate being flexible and the free end being spaced from the member to permit the free end to move relative to the member; and
- a nasal cannula comprising:
- a lip plate integrally formed with the main tubular portion at a location approximately centered between the nasal extensions, said plate having an upper surface extending in a curved path away from the main tubular portion and downwardly in a direction opposite to that of the nasal extensions, said lip plate having an arcuate length sufficient to position said upper surface away from the main tubular portion for engagement with the philtrum of a patient, said lip plate being flexible for permitting rotary motion of the tubular portion to enable the tubular portion to move away from the philtrum and properly position the nasal extensions in the patients nostrils, said plate being approximately trapezoidal in outline, the minor base of the trape zoidal lip plate having a width generally equal to the distance across the philtrum on the patients upper lip for reducing side to side movement of the nasal cannula relative to the patients lip.
- a hollow tubular member having at least one open end for receiving fluid to be supplied to the patient;
- a pair of spaced, hollow nasal extensions communicating with the interior of the member and extending upwardly away from the member for directing fluid into the nostrils of the patient;
- a lip plate secured to the member at a location centered on a line extending midway between the extensions, the lip plate having an upper surface extending away from the member in an arcuate path to a free end, the upper surface at the free end being directed downwardly and having a width of approximately the width of the patient's philtrum, the lip plate being flexible and the upper surface at the free end being spaced from the member to permit flexure of the lip plate, said lip plate being trapezoidal in shape and having a major base secured to the member and a minor base at the free end thereof having said width of approximately the width of the patient's philtrum; and
- said urging means being designed for maintaining the free end of the lip plate in contact with the patients philtrum to reduce side to side slipping of the nasal cannula rel ative to the patient's upper lip,
Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US00187687A US3802431A (en) | 1971-10-08 | 1971-10-08 | Nasal cannula |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US00187687A US3802431A (en) | 1971-10-08 | 1971-10-08 | Nasal cannula |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3802431A true US3802431A (en) | 1974-04-09 |
Family
ID=22690038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US00187687A Expired - Lifetime US3802431A (en) | 1971-10-08 | 1971-10-08 | Nasal cannula |
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US (1) | US3802431A (en) |
Cited By (86)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4406283A (en) * | 1982-02-04 | 1983-09-27 | Phillip Bir | Oxygen cannulae for continuous administration of oxygen, and its associated mounting structure and method for mounting same onto the head of a patient |
DE3215466A1 (en) * | 1982-04-24 | 1983-11-03 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | OXYGEN INSUFFLATION GLASSES |
US4559941A (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1985-12-24 | Timmons John W | Eyeglass frame and nasal cannula assembly |
US4658814A (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1987-04-21 | Anderson Kirk D | Endotracheal tube holder |
US4660555A (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1987-04-28 | Payton Hugh W | Oxygen delivery and administration system |
US4790308A (en) * | 1984-04-04 | 1988-12-13 | Sherwood Medical Company | Nasal cannula harness |
US4821715A (en) * | 1988-02-16 | 1989-04-18 | Downing Michael V | Nasopharyngeal airway |
US4915104A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1990-04-10 | Cynthia L. Vogt | Nasal oxygen tube support and method |
US5025805A (en) * | 1990-07-11 | 1991-06-25 | Betty Nutter | Nasal cannula assembly |
DE4105672C1 (en) * | 1991-02-22 | 1992-10-08 | Paul Ritzau Pari-Werk Gmbh, 8130 Starnberg, De | Oxygen distributor for inhalation therapy - has stirring chamber with agitator and apertures, with connector opening into chamber |
US5419319A (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1995-05-30 | Werner; Philip J. | Variable position endotracheal tube holder |
US5509409A (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-04-23 | The Living Trust Of Marjorie F. Weatherholt | Nasal cannula assembly |
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