US3911922A - Surgical sponge - Google Patents
Surgical sponge Download PDFInfo
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- US3911922A US3911922A US478334A US47833474A US3911922A US 3911922 A US3911922 A US 3911922A US 478334 A US478334 A US 478334A US 47833474 A US47833474 A US 47833474A US 3911922 A US3911922 A US 3911922A
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- Prior art keywords
- sponge
- surgical sponge
- surgical
- sponge according
- foamed polymer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/44—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with radio-opaque material or signalling means for residual material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/24496—Foamed or cellular component
- Y10T428/24504—Component comprises a polymer [e.g., rubber, etc.]
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A surgical sponge is made of a porous fabric coated on both sides with an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible foamed polymer.
- the sponge also contains an X-ray detectable material.
- Cotton gauze is generally employed as a surgical sponge. However, it must normally be used in plural thickness, e.g., a dozen layers. Furthermore, it has the disadvantage that it produces linting. Also there is no means of detecting the sponge if it is accidentally left in the patent after an operation.
- a surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer such as textile fabric or perforated plastic film having on both sides thereof an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible, water-insoluble foamed polymer.
- an X-ray detectable material e.g., barium sulfate powder in a polyvinyl chloride medium is included in the foamed laminate, preferably next to the gauze itself. so that in the event the sponge is left in the human body it can be detected by X-ray techniques before (or after) closing the incision.
- the preferred novel foamed pads are characterized by (i) an open cell structure ranging from 50 to 110, preferably from 70 to 100 cells (or pores) per linear inch, (ii) a density no greater than 10 pounds per cubic foot, desirably from 2 to 7 pounds per cubic foot, and preferably from about 2.5 to pounds per cubic foot, (iii) a capability of being stretched (elongated) by as much 10 percent, and even percent, without tearing or ripping, and upon release of the stretching pressure substantially returning to its original dimensions, e.
- the laminated product of the present invention is strong in all directions, tightly adhercd and nonfriable along the edges.
- the reinforcing layer can be any fabric layer of porous.
- open weave structure e.g., it can be in the nature of gauze, cheesecloth, birdseye linen, and can be woven, e.g., gauze, loose-woven sheeting, woven scrim, loose woven cloth, knit or non-woven, e.g., spun-laced non-woven fabric or non-woven scrim fabric and can be made of cotton, viscose, rayon, e.g., cellulose acetate rayon, nylon, wool, flax, polyester, e.g., polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polyethylene or other material. It can also be a perforated plastic film. Preferably, it is made of cotton.
- the foamed polymer of the sponge is preferably an open cell sponge.
- the flexible polyurethane foam can be made in conventional fashion either by a step-wise procedure (pre-polymer formation) or by the one shot technique by reacting a polyol with a polyisocyanate.
- the polyol can be any compound containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, preferably two hydroxyl groups, or the equivalent, e.g., polyether polyester or polylactone'.
- a small amount of a polyol of higher functionality can be included with the diol, e.g., polyoxyethylated glycerine molecular weight 1000 or polyoxyethylated trimethylol propane or polyoxyethylated 1,2,6-hexanetriol.
- the polyol preferably has a molecular weight of 500 to 5000 and even higher.
- diols such as polyethylene glycol molecular weights of 500, 1000, 1500 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, or 5000 or polypropylene glycol molecular weights of 500, 1000, 2025, 3000, 4000 or 5000 and other polyether diols as well as polyesters of molecular weights 500-5000, e.g., polymerized diethylene glycol adipate molecular weight l,0003500, preferably 2000, polyethylene glycol adipate-maleate of molecular weight 500-5000, ethylene glycol-propylene glycol-pimelate polyester molecular weight 500-5000, etc.
- Any conventional diisocyanate can be employed to make the polyurethane, e.g., toluene diisocyanate, p,p'- diisocyanatodiphenyl methane.
- suitable polyurethane sponges of both the polyester and polyether types are set forth in Blair U.S. Pat. No. 3,806,474, Examples 1, 2 and 3. The entire disclosure of Blair is hereby incorporated by reference.
- polyurethanes preparedfrom either a polyether polyol or polyester polyol and toluene diisocyanate are preferred. Tailor-made properties can be achieved by fabricating the foamed pad from components containing polyether blocks or segments and as well polyester blocks or segments.
- the sponge To decrease the surface tension and increase the wettability of the sponge, it can bepre-treated with a surfactant, e.g., Tween (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate containing 20 ethylene oxide units), or lgepon AC-78 (coconut oil acids ester of sodium isethionate).
- a surfactant e.g., Tween (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate containing 20 ethylene oxide units), or lgepon AC-78 (coconut oil acids ester of sodium isethionate).
- the surfactant (or mixture of surfactants) is used in an amount of l-lO percent by weight of the sponge.
- the surfactant can be present during formation of the sponge or can be applied to the finished sponge.
- the polyurethane sponge is preferably flame laminated to the porous textile fabric.
- Each sponge layer for example, can be l/32 inch or they can be slightly thinner or they can be thicker, e.g., A; inch or even thicker.
- any other flexible, thermoplastic sponge in place of the polyurethane sponge there can be used any other flexible, thermoplastic sponge,-preferably open-celled which does not dissolve or disintegrate in water, i.e., is relatively hydrolytically stable.
- the foam must be one which is capable of absorbing water.
- Flame lamination is the preferred way of adhering the foam layers to the fabric.
- Various non-toxic adhesives may also be used including an adhesive which contains the X-ray detectable material.
- the intermediate layer e.gl, fabric layer, acts as reinforcement for the foam.
- the novel laminate desirably does not stretch more than 15 percent, preferably not more than 10 percent, in any direction and for optimum results it should rebound to within a few percent of its normal shape, e.g., 2-3 percent.
- X-ray detectable i.e., X-ray opaque, material
- barium sulfate is preferred but there can be employed any other medically acceptable X-ray opaque indicators suitable for use in the human body such as carbon, e.g., finely divided, bismuth trioxide powder, verr finely divided particles of stainless steel or tantalum. etc.
- the X-ray detectable material is provided next to the gauze or other fabric and is preferably supplied adhered to a thermoplastic fiber, e.g., polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.
- the particles of barium sulfate or other X-ray detectable material can be adhered to the thermoplastic fiber when it is in the heated softened condition or simply can be mixed with the fiber forming material prior to extrusion so that the X-ray opaque material is homogeneously distributed throughout the fiber.
- the X-ray detectable material containing fiber can be of the thickness of a pencil lead for example and it can be simply placed on the reinforcing member fabric, e.g., prior to the flame lamination of the foam or a plurality of such fibers can be dispersed at random on the fabric.
- the surgical sponge is provided with a handle, e.g., a loop made of cloth or other material, which can be sewn or otherwise secured to the laminate at a corner or along one of the edges.
- a handle e.g., a loop made of cloth or other material, which can be sewn or otherwise secured to the laminate at a corner or along one of the edges.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away in section showing a surgical sponge according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating a preferred form of the invention.
- a surgical sponge approximately I X l designated generically as 2 composed of an intermediate cotton gauze fabric layer 4 having flame laminated thereto polyester polyurethane open cell foam layers 6 and 8.
- the foam layers are each about l/32 inch and the overall thickness of the sponge about 1/16 inch.
- polyvinyl chloride fibers 10 having dispersed throughout finely divided barium sulfate designated as 12.
- a handle 16 At one side of the sponge there is attached a handle 16 by stitching through the foam layers.
- a single barium sulfate loaded extrude polyvinyl chloride fiber 14 running substantially the entire length of the sponge on one side of the fabric layer 4 and having the appearance of a pencil lead.
- the polyvinyl chloride fiber has a diameter of about l/64 inch.
- the X-ray detectable material containing film is held in place by one of the foamed polymer layers.
- the surgical sponge of the invention will imbibe fluid during surgery. Before closing the wound a simple X-ray scan will reveal whether the sponge has accidentally been left in the body.
- the sponges of the present invention are capable of being compressed in a liquid medium, e.g., aqueous liquid such as water, blood or other body fluids, and upon releasing the compression, absorbing the surrounding liquid therein.
- a liquid medium e.g., aqueous liquid such as water, blood or other body fluids
- the sponges of the present invention can be readily sterilized, e.g., by heat, steam, gas, radiation, etc., ei-
- a surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer having laminated to both sides thereof a layer of an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible, waterinsoluble foamed polymer, said sponge having disposed therein an X-ray opaque material whereby the presence of the sponge can be detected by X-ray if it is accidentally left in a patient.
- a surgical sponge according to claim 2 having a degree of stretch in each direction of not over 10 percent and a rebound to within 2 percent of its original shape, said sponge being strong in all directions, tightly adhered and non-friable along the edges.
- a surgical sponge according to claim 4 wherein the foamed polymer is an open-celled thermoplastic polyurethane foam.
- a surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer having laminated to both sides thereof a flexible polyurethane foam, said polyurethane foam beihgeharacterized by (i) an open cell structure ranging' from 50 to 110 cells per linear inch, (ii) a density no greater than 10 cubic pounds per cubic foot, (iii) a capability of being stretched up to ten percent without rupture and substantially returning to its original dimensions upon release of the stretching pressure, and (iv) an ability to absorb and retain an amount of water which is at least 1.5 times the weight of water absorbed by cotton gauze pads of comparable dimensions; said sponge containing an X-ray detectable material therein.
Abstract
A surgical sponge is made of a porous fabric coated on both sides with an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible foamed polymer. The sponge also contains an X-ray detectable material.
Description
1451 Oct. 14, 1975 United States Patent 1191 Kliger I .11.. 128/296 8/1972 Brooks et n a $66 3 we BmMM 7 22 6777 wwww wwww 5 63 7832 M69003 6678 3 33333 L S a 9 m5 mu U 78 8 a M e mm 4 mm W m L@ 1 I. l N MM 1 mam m n HN h n We n R e m U v H S h F ll 4 6 2 5 7 2 f.
Primary ExaminerRichard A. Gaudet Assistant ExaminerHenry S. Layton Attorney, Agent, or FirmCushman Cushman 21 Appl. No.2 478,334
, Darby &
[52] U.S. 128/296' 51 1m. [58] Field of Search 128/296', 290,
ABSTRACT A surgical sponge is made of a porous fabric coated on both sides with an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible foamed polymer. The sponge also contains an X-ray detectable material.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS -12Claims', 2 Drawing Figures 2,999,041 Lappala.............................. 161/161 3,007,205 161/159 SURGICAL SPONGE The present invention relates to a surgical sponge.
Cotton gauze is generally employed as a surgical sponge. However, it must normally be used in plural thickness, e.g., a dozen layers. Furthermore, it has the disadvantage that it produces linting. Also there is no means of detecting the sponge if it is accidentally left in the patent after an operation.
According to the present invention, there is provided a surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer such as textile fabric or perforated plastic film having on both sides thereof an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible, water-insoluble foamed polymer. There is also provided an X-ray detectable material, e.g., barium sulfate powder in a polyvinyl chloride medium is included in the foamed laminate, preferably next to the gauze itself. so that in the event the sponge is left in the human body it can be detected by X-ray techniques before (or after) closing the incision.
The preferred novel foamed pads are characterized by (i) an open cell structure ranging from 50 to 110, preferably from 70 to 100 cells (or pores) per linear inch, (ii) a density no greater than 10 pounds per cubic foot, desirably from 2 to 7 pounds per cubic foot, and preferably from about 2.5 to pounds per cubic foot, (iii) a capability of being stretched (elongated) by as much 10 percent, and even percent, without tearing or ripping, and upon release of the stretching pressure substantially returning to its original dimensions, e. g., to within 23 percent of its normal shape, and (iv) an ability to absorb and retain an amount of water which is at least 15, preferably 2, times the weight of water absorbed by cotton gauze pads of comparable dimensions; said foam pads containing an X-ray detectable material therein. The noval foamed pad is flexible, soft to hand touch, non-shrinking when dry, and nontoxic to human body. A laminate according to the invention 2 X 2' having a thickness of l/16 inch to A inch, e. g, Aato inch, has the absorption capacity of approximately 12 layers of a conventional gauze.
As intimated above, the laminated product of the present invention is strong in all directions, tightly adhercd and nonfriable along the edges. When wet it has a soft, pliable structure which can be used internally as a surgical sponge which contains no contamination and is acceptable as a surgical sponge. it has a better hand than a conventional surgical sponge. The reinforcing layer can be any fabric layer of porous. or open weave structure, e.g., it can be in the nature of gauze, cheesecloth, birdseye linen, and can be woven, e.g., gauze, loose-woven sheeting, woven scrim, loose woven cloth, knit or non-woven, e.g., spun-laced non-woven fabric or non-woven scrim fabric and can be made of cotton, viscose, rayon, e.g., cellulose acetate rayon, nylon, wool, flax, polyester, e.g., polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polyethylene or other material. It can also be a perforated plastic film. Preferably, it is made of cotton. The foamed polymer of the sponge is preferably an open cell sponge. Preferably, it is a polyurethane sponge. The flexible polyurethane foam can be made in conventional fashion either by a step-wise procedure (pre-polymer formation) or by the one shot technique by reacting a polyol with a polyisocyanate. The polyol can be any compound containing at least 2 hydroxyl groups, preferably two hydroxyl groups, or the equivalent, e.g., polyether polyester or polylactone'. A small amount of a polyol of higher functionality can be included with the diol, e.g., polyoxyethylated glycerine molecular weight 1000 or polyoxyethylated trimethylol propane or polyoxyethylated 1,2,6-hexanetriol. The polyol preferably has a molecular weight of 500 to 5000 and even higher. Thus, there can be used diols such as polyethylene glycol molecular weights of 500, 1000, 1500 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, or 5000 or polypropylene glycol molecular weights of 500, 1000, 2025, 3000, 4000 or 5000 and other polyether diols as well as polyesters of molecular weights 500-5000, e.g., polymerized diethylene glycol adipate molecular weight l,0003500, preferably 2000, polyethylene glycol adipate-maleate of molecular weight 500-5000, ethylene glycol-propylene glycol-pimelate polyester molecular weight 500-5000, etc. Any conventional diisocyanate can be employed to make the polyurethane, e.g., toluene diisocyanate, p,p'- diisocyanatodiphenyl methane. Typical examples of suitable polyurethane sponges of both the polyester and polyether types are set forth in Blair U.S. Pat. No. 3,806,474, Examples 1, 2 and 3. The entire disclosure of Blair is hereby incorporated by reference. At present, polyurethanes preparedfrom either a polyether polyol or polyester polyol and toluene diisocyanate are preferred. Tailor-made properties can be achieved by fabricating the foamed pad from components containing polyether blocks or segments and as well polyester blocks or segments.
To decrease the surface tension and increase the wettability of the sponge, it can bepre-treated with a surfactant, e.g., Tween (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate containing 20 ethylene oxide units), or lgepon AC-78 (coconut oil acids ester of sodium isethionate). The surfactant (or mixture of surfactants) is used in an amount of l-lO percent by weight of the sponge. The surfactant can be present during formation of the sponge or can be applied to the finished sponge.
The polyurethane sponge is preferably flame laminated to the porous textile fabric. Each sponge layer, for example, can be l/32 inch or they can be slightly thinner or they can be thicker, e.g., A; inch or even thicker.
In place of the polyurethane sponge there can be used any other flexible, thermoplastic sponge,-preferably open-celled which does not dissolve or disintegrate in water, i.e., is relatively hydrolytically stable. Thus, there can be used foams of polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol modified, e.g., with acetal groups such as formed groups to render it water insoluble, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, hydroxyethylmethacrylate polymer, etc. The foam must be one which is capable of absorbing water.
Flame lamination is the preferred way of adhering the foam layers to the fabric. Various non-toxic adhesives may also be used including an adhesive which contains the X-ray detectable material. The intermediate layer, e.gl, fabric layer, acts as reinforcement for the foam.
The novel laminate desirably does not stretch more than 15 percent, preferably not more than 10 percent, in any direction and for optimum results it should rebound to within a few percent of its normal shape, e.g., 2-3 percent.
As the X-ray detectable, i.e., X-ray opaque, material, barium sulfate is preferred but there can be employed any other medically acceptable X-ray opaque indicators suitable for use in the human body such as carbon, e.g., finely divided, bismuth trioxide powder, verr finely divided particles of stainless steel or tantalum. etc. The X-ray detectable material is provided next to the gauze or other fabric and is preferably supplied adhered to a thermoplastic fiber, e.g., polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. The particles of barium sulfate or other X-ray detectable material can be adhered to the thermoplastic fiber when it is in the heated softened condition or simply can be mixed with the fiber forming material prior to extrusion so that the X-ray opaque material is homogeneously distributed throughout the fiber.
The X-ray detectable material containing fiber can be of the thickness of a pencil lead for example and it can be simply placed on the reinforcing member fabric, e.g., prior to the flame lamination of the foam or a plurality of such fibers can be dispersed at random on the fabric.
Desirably the surgical sponge is provided with a handle, e.g., a loop made of cloth or other material, which can be sewn or otherwise secured to the laminate at a corner or along one of the edges.
The invention will be understood best in connection with the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away in section showing a surgical sponge according to the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating a preferred form of the invention.
Referring more specifically to the drawings wherein like numerals indicate like parts, there is shown a surgical sponge approximately I X l designated generically as 2 composed of an intermediate cotton gauze fabric layer 4 having flame laminated thereto polyester polyurethane open cell foam layers 6 and 8. The foam layers are each about l/32 inch and the overall thickness of the sponge about 1/16 inch. There are provided on the surface of the gauze layer 4 cut polyvinyl chloride fibers 10 having dispersed throughout finely divided barium sulfate designated as 12. At one side of the sponge there is attached a handle 16 by stitching through the foam layers.
As shown in FIG. 2 rather than a plurality of polyvinyl chloride fibers there is provided a single barium sulfate loaded extrude polyvinyl chloride fiber 14 running substantially the entire length of the sponge on one side of the fabric layer 4 and having the appearance of a pencil lead. The polyvinyl chloride fiber has a diameter of about l/64 inch.
The X-ray detectable material containing film is held in place by one of the foamed polymer layers.
The surgical sponge of the invention will imbibe fluid during surgery. Before closing the wound a simple X-ray scan will reveal whether the sponge has accidentally been left in the body.
The sponges of the present invention are capable of being compressed in a liquid medium, e.g., aqueous liquid such as water, blood or other body fluids, and upon releasing the compression, absorbing the surrounding liquid therein.
The sponges of the present invention can be readily sterilized, e.g., by heat, steam, gas, radiation, etc., ei-
ther before or after packaging. They can be packaged in bags or other containers either in dry form or they can be packaged in bags or other containers containing water or other aqueous or non-aqueous liquid.
What is claimed is:
l. A surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer having laminated to both sides thereof a layer of an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible, waterinsoluble foamed polymer, said sponge having disposed therein an X-ray opaque material whereby the presence of the sponge can be detected by X-ray if it is accidentally left in a patient.
2. A surgical sponge according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray detectable material-is present in a fiber adjacent the reinforcing layer and held in place by one of said foamed polymer layers.
3. A surgical sponge according to claim 2 having a degree of stretch in each direction of not over 10 percent and a rebound to within 2 percent of its original shape, said sponge being strong in all directions, tightly adhered and non-friable along the edges.
4. A surgical sponge according to claim 3 wherein the X-ray detectable material containing fiber extends substantially along the length of the sponge, said sponge also having handle means attached thereto.
5. A surgical sponge according to claim 4 wherein the foamed polymer is an open-celled thermoplastic polyurethane foam.
6. A surgical sponge according to claim 5 wherein the reinforcing layer is a fabric layer.
7. A surgical sponge according to claim 6 wherein said fabric layer is a cotton gauze fabric.
8. A surgical sponge according to claim 7 wherein the X-ray opaque material is a barium sulfate containing polyvinyl chloride fiber and the handle means is a loop handle.
9. A surgical sponge according to claim 8 wherein the foamed polymer layers include a surfactant.
10. A surgical sponge according to claim 1 wherein the X-ray opaque material is disposed adjacent the fabric layer and the foamed polymer is an open-celled polyurethane foam.
11. A surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer having laminated to both sides thereof a flexible polyurethane foam, said polyurethane foam beihgeharacterized by (i) an open cell structure ranging' from 50 to 110 cells per linear inch, (ii) a density no greater than 10 cubic pounds per cubic foot, (iii) a capability of being stretched up to ten percent without rupture and substantially returning to its original dimensions upon release of the stretching pressure, and (iv) an ability to absorb and retain an amount of water which is at least 1.5 times the weight of water absorbed by cotton gauze pads of comparable dimensions; said sponge containing an X-ray detectable material therein.
12. A polyurethane sponge according to claim 11 wherein said open cell structure is in the range of from to cells per linear inch, wherein said density is in the range of from 2 to 7 pounds per cubic foot, and wherein said foam is characterized by an ability to absorb and retain an amount of water which is at least twice the weight of water absorbed by cotton gauze of comparable dimensions.
Claims (12)
1. A surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer having laminated to both sides thereof a layer of an aqueous liquid absorbing flexible, water-insoluble foamed polymer, said sponge having disposed therein an X-ray opaque material whereby the presence of the sponge can be detected by Xray if it is accidentally left in a patient.
2. A surgical sponge according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray detectable material is present in a fiber adjacent the reinforcing layer and held in place by one of said foamed polymer layers.
3. A surgical sponge according to claim 2 having a degree of stretch in each direction of not over 10 percent and a rebound to within 2 percent of its original shape, said sponge being strong in all directions, tightly adhered and non-friable along the edges.
4. A surgical sponge according to claim 3 wherein the X-ray detectable material containing fiber extends substantially along the length of the sponge, said sponge also having handle means attached thereto.
5. A surgical sponge according to claim 4 wherein the foamed polymer is an open-celled thermoplastic polyurethane foam.
6. A surgical sponge according to claim 5 wherein the reinforcing layer is a fabric layer.
7. A surgical sponge according to claim 6 wherein said fabric layer is a cotton gauze fabric.
8. A surgical sponge according to claim 7 wherein the X-ray opaque material is a barium sulfate containing polyvinyl chloride fiber and the handle means is a loop handle.
9. A surgical sponge according to claim 8 wherein the foamed polymer layers include a surfactant.
10. A surgical sponge according to claim 1 wherein the X-ray opaque material is disposed adjacent the fabric layer and the foamed polymer is an open-celled polyurethane foam.
11. A surgical sponge comprising an intermediate reinforcing layer having laminated to both sides thereof a flexible polyurethane foam, said polyurethane foam being characterized by (i) an open cell structure ranging from 50 to 110 cells per linear inch, (ii) a density no greater than 10 cubic pounds per cubic foot, (iii) a capability of being stretched up to ten percent without rupture and substantially returning to its original dimensions upon release of the stretching pressure, and (iv) an ability to absorb and retain an amount of water which is at least 1.5 times the weight of water absorbed by cotton gauze pads of comparable dimensions; said sponge containing an X-ray detectable material therein.
12. A polyurethane sponge according to claim 11 wherein said open cell structure is in the range of from 70 to 100 cells per linear inch, wherein said density is in the range of from 2 to 7 pounds per cubic foot, and wherein said foam is characterized by an ability to absorb and retain an amount of water which is at least twice the weight of water absorbed by cotton gauze of comparable dimensions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US478334A US3911922A (en) | 1974-06-11 | 1974-06-11 | Surgical sponge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US478334A US3911922A (en) | 1974-06-11 | 1974-06-11 | Surgical sponge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3911922A true US3911922A (en) | 1975-10-14 |
Family
ID=23899514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US478334A Expired - Lifetime US3911922A (en) | 1974-06-11 | 1974-06-11 | Surgical sponge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3911922A (en) |
Cited By (48)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4040884A (en) * | 1974-06-19 | 1977-08-09 | American Cyanamid Company | Medical sponges |
| US4069821A (en) * | 1975-08-08 | 1978-01-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Absorbent article |
| US4205680A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1980-06-03 | Work Wear Corporation, Inc. | Radiopaque laparatomy sponge |
| US4268340A (en) * | 1973-08-05 | 1981-05-19 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Method of forming an absorbent article |
| US4277389A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-07-07 | The Polymer Corporation | X ray scattering device |
| US4477256A (en) * | 1982-02-11 | 1984-10-16 | Win Hirsch | Surgical sponge |
| EP0160560A2 (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1985-11-06 | Johnson & Johnson Products Inc. | Nonwoven surgical sponge with x-ray detectable element |
| FR2580172A1 (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-17 | Nivarox Sa | Surgical compress |
| US4639253A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1987-01-27 | Johnson & Johnson Products, Inc. | Nonwoven surgical sponge with X-ray detectable element |
| GB2189399A (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1987-10-28 | Caligen Foam Ltd | Swab |
| US4718897A (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1988-01-12 | Chicopee | Nonwoven surgical sponge with x-ray detectable element |
| DE3641151A1 (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-09 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | MEDICAL SUCTION BODY WITH X-RAY CONTRAST AGENT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| US4898776A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1990-02-06 | Jim Walter Reasearch Corp. | Isocyanate/surfactant-modified polyol binder for manufacture of lignocellulosic composites |
| US4917694A (en) * | 1982-05-19 | 1990-04-17 | The Kendall Company | Surgical sponge |
| US4925453A (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-05-15 | Sealed Air Corporation | Absorbent blood wipe pad and method |
| US4935019A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1990-06-19 | Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc. | Radiopaque polymeric composition |
| US5011660A (en) * | 1987-04-10 | 1991-04-30 | Huls America Inc. | Method of sterilizing medical grade film |
| US5045080A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1991-09-03 | Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc. | Surgical fabric with printed X-ray marker |
| US5370656A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-12-06 | Merocel Corporation | Throat pack |
| US5395309A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-03-07 | Merocel Corporation | Nasal pack applicator |
| WO1997012574A1 (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1997-04-10 | Deroyal Industries, Inc. | Absorbent article useful in medical applications and having a radiopaque element embedded in a side edge thereof and method for making same |
| US5725517A (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1998-03-10 | Deroyal Industries, Inc. | Absorbent woven article including radiopaque element woven therein and anchored at the ends thereof |
| US5755706A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1998-05-26 | Xomed Surgical Products, Inc. | Flexible stranded sponge pack |
| US6464815B1 (en) | 2000-05-05 | 2002-10-15 | Wallace J. Beaudry | Method of manufacturing laminated pad |
| US20040103903A1 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-06-03 | Falahee Mark H. | Surgical surface localizing grid |
| US20050016776A1 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-01-27 | Ballard M. Daniel | Radiologically trackable surgical sponges |
| US20050049563A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Fabian Carl E. | Radiopaque marker for a surgical sponge |
| US20050203470A1 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-09-15 | Ballard Marlin D. | Radiographically detectable object assemblies and surgical articles comprising same |
| US20060065273A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | X-ray marker for medical drapes |
| US20060166166A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2006-07-27 | Atsushi Takahashi | Sponge prophy |
| US20070219516A1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | X-ray detectable element for association with surgical absorbent substrates and method of making |
| US7291382B2 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2007-11-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Low density flexible resilient absorbent open-cell thermoplastic foam |
| WO2010144024A1 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | Cederroth Ab | X-ray detectable plaster or dressing |
| WO2012040291A3 (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2012-06-28 | American Surgical Sponges, Llc | Medical tool deflection and resistant medical sponge |
| US8772567B2 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2014-07-08 | Paul Hartmann Ag | Use of a polyurethane foam as a wound dressing in negative pressure therapy |
| US8939953B2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2015-01-27 | Weiru Shao | Methods of using multilayer medical sponges |
| US8980982B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2015-03-17 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Electromagnetic spectrally detectable plastic packaging components |
| US20150132574A1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-14 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Metal detectable fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US20160024699A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-01-28 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Particle-filled fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US20160060791A1 (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2016-03-03 | Ten Medical Design Ab | Radiation Protective Material |
| US20160199229A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-14 | Terence W. Kolb | Impregnable and Expanding Wound Packing Article and Method of Use |
| US20160367409A1 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-12-22 | Multigate Medical Products Pty Ltd | Surgical Sponge |
| US9901366B2 (en) | 2013-07-27 | 2018-02-27 | Lawrence A. Colby | Systems and methods for enhancing the visibility of medical items |
| WO2019151961A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | Yedi̇tepe Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ | A surgical pad and a method of obtaining the same |
| EP3600193A4 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-10-28 | Integra LifeSciences Corporation | X-ray detectable fabric and its use in surgical patties and sponges |
| US10947664B2 (en) | 2018-02-19 | 2021-03-16 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Metal detectable scouring pad |
| US11542634B2 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2023-01-03 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Particle-filled fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US11844675B1 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2023-12-19 | Torbern Company, LTD | Surgical sponge |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4268340A (en) * | 1973-08-05 | 1981-05-19 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Method of forming an absorbent article |
| US4040884A (en) * | 1974-06-19 | 1977-08-09 | American Cyanamid Company | Medical sponges |
| US4069821A (en) * | 1975-08-08 | 1978-01-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Absorbent article |
| US4205680A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1980-06-03 | Work Wear Corporation, Inc. | Radiopaque laparatomy sponge |
| US4277389A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-07-07 | The Polymer Corporation | X ray scattering device |
| US4477256A (en) * | 1982-02-11 | 1984-10-16 | Win Hirsch | Surgical sponge |
| US4917694A (en) * | 1982-05-19 | 1990-04-17 | The Kendall Company | Surgical sponge |
| US4639253A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1987-01-27 | Johnson & Johnson Products, Inc. | Nonwoven surgical sponge with X-ray detectable element |
| EP0160560A2 (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1985-11-06 | Johnson & Johnson Products Inc. | Nonwoven surgical sponge with x-ray detectable element |
| EP0160560A3 (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1987-09-23 | Johnson & Johnson Products Inc. | Nonwoven surgical sponge with x-ray detectable element |
| JPH0556144B2 (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1993-08-18 | Johnson & Johnson Prod Inc | |
| JPS60234653A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1985-11-21 | ジヨンソン・アンド・ジヨンソン・プロダクツ・インコーポレイテツド | Operation sponge |
| FR2580172A1 (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-17 | Nivarox Sa | Surgical compress |
| AU589999B2 (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1989-10-26 | Chicopee | Non woven surgical sponge with x-ray detectable element |
| US4718897A (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1988-01-12 | Chicopee | Nonwoven surgical sponge with x-ray detectable element |
| EP0244992A3 (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1988-02-24 | Caligen Foam Limited | Medical swabs |
| EP0244992A2 (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1987-11-11 | Caligen Foam Limited | Medical swabs |
| GB2189399A (en) * | 1986-04-26 | 1987-10-28 | Caligen Foam Ltd | Swab |
| US4898776A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1990-02-06 | Jim Walter Reasearch Corp. | Isocyanate/surfactant-modified polyol binder for manufacture of lignocellulosic composites |
| DE3641151A1 (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-09 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | MEDICAL SUCTION BODY WITH X-RAY CONTRAST AGENT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| US4938901A (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1990-07-03 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Process of making a surgical sponge containing an x-ray contrast agent |
| US5045080A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1991-09-03 | Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc. | Surgical fabric with printed X-ray marker |
| US4935019A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1990-06-19 | Johnson & Johnson Medical, Inc. | Radiopaque polymeric composition |
| US5011660A (en) * | 1987-04-10 | 1991-04-30 | Huls America Inc. | Method of sterilizing medical grade film |
| US4925453A (en) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-05-15 | Sealed Air Corporation | Absorbent blood wipe pad and method |
| US5370656A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-12-06 | Merocel Corporation | Throat pack |
| US5755706A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1998-05-26 | Xomed Surgical Products, Inc. | Flexible stranded sponge pack |
| US5395309A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1995-03-07 | Merocel Corporation | Nasal pack applicator |
| US5792128A (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1998-08-11 | Deroyal Industries, Inc. | Absorbent article having a radiopaque element embedded in a side edge thereof and method for making same |
| US5725517A (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1998-03-10 | Deroyal Industries, Inc. | Absorbent woven article including radiopaque element woven therein and anchored at the ends thereof |
| WO1997012574A1 (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1997-04-10 | Deroyal Industries, Inc. | Absorbent article useful in medical applications and having a radiopaque element embedded in a side edge thereof and method for making same |
| US6464815B1 (en) | 2000-05-05 | 2002-10-15 | Wallace J. Beaudry | Method of manufacturing laminated pad |
| US6676501B2 (en) | 2000-05-05 | 2004-01-13 | Wallace J. Beaudry | Laminated pad and method of manufacturing |
| US20050016776A1 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-01-27 | Ballard M. Daniel | Radiologically trackable surgical sponges |
| US20050203470A1 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2005-09-15 | Ballard Marlin D. | Radiographically detectable object assemblies and surgical articles comprising same |
| US7001366B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2006-02-21 | Ballard M Daniel | Radiologically trackable surgical sponges |
| US20060166166A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2006-07-27 | Atsushi Takahashi | Sponge prophy |
| US7785106B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2010-08-31 | Atsushi Takahashi | Sponge prophy |
| US20040103903A1 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-06-03 | Falahee Mark H. | Surgical surface localizing grid |
| US7465847B2 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2008-12-16 | Fabian Carl E | Radiopaque marker for a surgical sponge |
| US20050049563A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Fabian Carl E. | Radiopaque marker for a surgical sponge |
| US7291382B2 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2007-11-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Low density flexible resilient absorbent open-cell thermoplastic foam |
| US20060065273A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-03-30 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | X-ray marker for medical drapes |
| US20070219516A1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-20 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | X-ray detectable element for association with surgical absorbent substrates and method of making |
| WO2010144024A1 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | Cederroth Ab | X-ray detectable plaster or dressing |
| US8772567B2 (en) | 2010-08-19 | 2014-07-08 | Paul Hartmann Ag | Use of a polyurethane foam as a wound dressing in negative pressure therapy |
| WO2012040291A3 (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2012-06-28 | American Surgical Sponges, Llc | Medical tool deflection and resistant medical sponge |
| US9504611B2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2016-11-29 | Weiru Shao | Methods of using multilayer medical sponges |
| US8939953B2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2015-01-27 | Weiru Shao | Methods of using multilayer medical sponges |
| US8980982B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2015-03-17 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Electromagnetic spectrally detectable plastic packaging components |
| US9557311B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2017-01-31 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Electromagnetic spectrally detectable plastic packaging components |
| US10364513B2 (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2019-07-30 | Ten Medical Design Ab | Radiation protective material |
| US20160060791A1 (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2016-03-03 | Ten Medical Design Ab | Radiation Protective Material |
| US9901366B2 (en) | 2013-07-27 | 2018-02-27 | Lawrence A. Colby | Systems and methods for enhancing the visibility of medical items |
| US20150132574A1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-14 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Metal detectable fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US10619268B2 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2020-04-14 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Metal detectable fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US20160024699A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-01-28 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Particle-filled fiber and articles formed from the same |
| EP3172363A1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-05-31 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Particle-filled fiber and articles formed from the same |
| EP3172363B1 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2023-11-29 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Particle-filled fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US11542634B2 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2023-01-03 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Particle-filled fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US10753022B2 (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2020-08-25 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Particle-filled fiber and articles formed from the same |
| US20160367409A1 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-12-22 | Multigate Medical Products Pty Ltd | Surgical Sponge |
| US10792197B2 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2020-10-06 | Multigate Medical Products Pty Ltd | Surgical sponge |
| US20160199229A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-14 | Terence W. Kolb | Impregnable and Expanding Wound Packing Article and Method of Use |
| EP3600193A4 (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-10-28 | Integra LifeSciences Corporation | X-ray detectable fabric and its use in surgical patties and sponges |
| CN110799159A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2020-02-14 | 耶迪蒂普大学 | Surgical pad and method for obtaining same |
| WO2019151961A1 (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | Yedi̇tepe Üni̇versi̇tesi̇ | A surgical pad and a method of obtaining the same |
| US10947664B2 (en) | 2018-02-19 | 2021-03-16 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Metal detectable scouring pad |
| US11844675B1 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2023-12-19 | Torbern Company, LTD | Surgical sponge |
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