US460962A - Electro-magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

(N0 Model.) 7 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.- G. M. GOUYARD. ELEGTRO MAGNETIC SEPARATOR. No. 460,962. Patented Oct. 13,1891.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2,

No Model. G. M. GOUYARD.

ELEGTRO MAGNETIC SEPARATOR. No. 460,962. Patented Oct. 13,1891.

'M II IL GUSTAVE ill. GOUYARD,

)F LEADVILLE,

CQLORADQ.

ELECTRO-iViAGNe SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fate'nt No.

460,962, dated Gctober 13, 16$

Appl cation filed January 6, 1891- Serial No. 376,924. (Ne inn-rial.)

To aZZ 1071 0112, may concern.-

Be it known that I, GUSTAVE M.,GOUYARD, a citizen of' the United States, residing at Lcadville, in the county of Lake and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lClectro-Magnetie Separators; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accom-l panying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of apparatus em- I bodying my invention, the electromagnetic chute or preparatory portion thereto displaced to showihe revolvingelectro-magnet's to better advantage, the electric circuit from a dynamo or other source of electricity through being also shown, and the preparatorychute being shown in transverse section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the apparatus on theline as ac, Fig. 1, showing the preparatory chute thereof. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relative arrangement and electrical connection of the revolving electro-magnets with each ot-herand with the commutator; and Fig. 4 illustrates one form of positive gearing by 4 the apparatus and through a pole-ehanger/ -means of which the two sets of revolving magnets or drums which contain them may be caused to move in unison, the same con; sisting of sprocket-wheels 011 the shafts of the drums and a sprocket-chain from the power-shaft.

Like symbols refer they occur.

My invention relates to the construction of electromagnetic separators for eliminating magnetic particles from pulverized ore of any character or from any other material which contains the metalin a divided condition, and has for its object to dispense with clearing-brushes, belts, aprons, and like adjunets, whereby the apparatus is simplified and rendered more efiicient and certain in. its operation.

To this end the main feature of my invention embraces the combination of a plurality of revolving electro-magnets arranged in series, a divided commutator, and a plurality of connections between the divided commutator and the series of electro-magnets, whereby the polarity is reversed in successive porto like parts wherever lower ends of tions of the series of electro-magnets.

A secondary feature of my invention embraces the combination oil two or more sets of revolving electro-magnets, nets of each set arranged in series, a divided commutator for each set, and a plurality of connections between each series and its oommutator, said sets arranged in juxtaposition to increase the working field of the apparatus.

There are other minor features of invention, all as will hereinafter more fully appez-zr.

i. will now proceed to describe my invention more fully, so that others skilled. in the art to which it appertains may apply the same.

The apparatus shown in the drawings includes a preparatory apparatus, (indicated 12* A.) andthe separator proper, (indicated by ii.)

In the preparatory ap nzratus, a indicates a suitable hopper for the reception and delivery of the material containing the magnetic metal; I) 0, two thin vertical walls of nonmagnetic material, which form a chute, the said walls I; (I being provided with hinged deflectors c c, which can be a l-- jusied to any desired inclination to direct to the desired pointthe materialpassing thrpngh the chute. Exterior thereofanu in close'proximity to the said walls I) Z: are placed electromagnetsl l :2 i -a1iydesiredniumber-to pr duce an electric field within the chute, and through which the magnetic particles must pass.

Immediately below the preparatory apparatus A is located the separator prop rlgand. said separator is composed of one or more sets of moving electro-magnets, each set com nected in series, each set having a plurality of connections with a divided connnutator. 'lhe preferred-construetion of each set is that shown in the drawings-that is to say, on a suitable shafti is arranged divided comm u tater 5, the number of sections or divisions of the commutator corresponding with the number of electro-magnets in the seri s or with the nu mberof distinct portionsinto which it is desired to divide the series in the opera tion of the machine.

6 indicates the non-magnetie metal or iusn- 'lation surrounding the shaft -i-, and 7 thcsofh iron exterionthereto and forming-the cores 3' of the sev ral elcctro-magnets 'lhe eiectromagnets S, which, as shown, are radially .ar-

theelectroanaaranged with relation to the shaft with which 'they revolve, may be any desired number, either arranged in multiples transversely or in pairs, as shown in the drawings; (see Fig.

1,) and all the electro-magnets of the set are' ingly as force or length of field is required.

For instance, where there-are twelve electromagncts 8 there may, if desired, be twelve I commutator divisions or plates 5 5, &c., and

twelve connections 9 '9", $50., so that each electro-magnet .has a direct connection with the commutator, or there may be onlysix, four, or three commutator-plates, so that separate groups of the series have but a joint connection with the commutator. 1

The radially-arranged electro-magnets 8 8 8 are rnclosed by a thin non-magnetic casing v10, preferably of paper or leatheroid, which constitutes the periphery of the revolving drum and upon which the material to be separated falls from the prepa'ratory apparatus A or is drawn by the magnets, and the ends otlthe drum thus formed may be closed by disks of brass or other non magnetic metal, so that the sets of magnets are thus entirely incased and protected from duster-dirt. lhough'a single set of such magnets is operative in itself and is the type of my .machine, yet I prefer to use two of such drums (or sets of revolving magnets) D D, arranged in juxtaposition, and connect the same by positive gearing of any character which will insure their revolving in unison, so as to present negative and positive poles to each other, and thus increase the force of the field through which the material from preparatory appaposits the respective sets D D of electro-mag-,

ratns A has to pass. For this purpose the drums D D may be provided with suitable shafts having sprocket-wheels d d, which gear with a sprocket-chain D driven from a suitable power-shaft D, as illustrated in Fig.4.

11 12 indicate electromagnets placed op- -nets, preferably diametrically opposite to the field,so as to present a neutralizing force to the non-gathering portion of each drum, and thus insure the discharge of all iron particles.

Owing to the arrangement of the electromagnets 8 8 8 in series and their connection either separately or in groups withthe divided commutatorby a plurality of connections, as hereinbefore described, it follows that while theworking magnets or those next thefalling current of material to be separated are charged to the full capacity the remainder are'also m ore or less charged in proportion inverse to their resistance, and though weaker than the working magnets are stillsuflicient-lystrongto carry some magnetic particles. To clear these particles from the drums, I provide the electro-mag-.

nets 11 and 12, so arranged that the poles thereof are opposite the similar poles of the magnets on the drums, and thus neutralize the power of the drum-magnets. These magpets'so arranged I term repulslve magnets.

Below the drums D-D' are pans or receptaw cles 13 H for the reception of the magnetic particles, and between the said pans and directly below the passage between the drums D D isa chute for conducting oit the material from which the magnetic material has been-eliminated.

In connection with apparatus of the general character hereinbefore described some form of pole-changer and some source of electricity are employed; but the particular construction thereof is not material. The polechanger may, if desired, have the-general construction of the one shown at the right hand upper corner of Fig. 1that is to say, on a suitably-journaled driven shaft is mounted a cylinder of insulating material having at its ends brass contact-rings, from each of which exte'nds a series of contactstrips less in length than the length of the cylinder, but 0t s'uificient length to accompl i-- date the brushes F F said contact-strips mterlapping or arranged alternately, as shown. \V' -h tlie brass contact-rings of the polechanger F the wire a from and the wire f to I the dynamo are connected by suitable brushes F and F, respectively. The brushes F and F which rest on the contact-strips arranged longitudinally on the periphery of the cylinder, should be set one in advance of the other 7 n egual to the distance between strips.

flu the drawings, E indicates a dynamo,-

which is the preferred source of electricity. One distributing-brush c of the dynamo is connected with the neutralizing or repulsion magnet 11- by wire e,'and the current is conducted thence by wire 6 to the first of revolving electro-magnets' D, thence by wire a to the second set of revolving electro-magnets,

t-hence'to the second neutralizing or repulsion magnet 12 by wire 8*, by wire e to the polechanger F, andfrom the brush F of polechanger F the current passes by brush F and wire f to and through the several magnets 2 1 1 2, and by wire f returns to the polechangor F, whence it passes through wire f to the dynamo E.

\Vhen' the current enters the set of revolv lng magnets 8 ,8, which are wound in circuit and have independent connections 9 9*, &c.,

with the respective" commutator-plates, (see Fig. 3,) it will divide, the larger portion passing through the singles or the small group of magnets, as the case may be, lying between the brushes, while, owing to the resistance in the remaining magnets or larger group, but a small portion of the current passes therethrough. As each single or each group passes beyond the brush or beyond the field it follows that it enters the larger group, and its polarity is immediately reversed and acts repulsively on the iron particles, causing them to fall or be deposited in the receptacles 13 14. Shouldthe particles not be immediately depositcd'on the reversal-of the polarity in the magnets 8, escaping from the field, they will be carried into the .fields of the neutralizing or repulsion magnets 11 and 12, which will neutralize the force of drum-magnets 8 asthey come opposite thereto and insure the deposit of, any residuum in the receptacles,

and thuselear the peripheries of the revolving drums D I).

In operating the separator the pulverized ore or equivalent material containing the magnetic particles is fed into hopper a and allowed to fall in a divided current through the chute formed bythe' walls I) b and between the elec'tro-magnetsl l and 2' 2. This attracts the magnetic particles to the outside of the current of falling matter, and by regulating the inclination of the hinged deflectors c c the delivery of the rial and the partially-separated (or concenjirated) magnetic particles to' the field of the revolving magnets can be perfectly regulated. The magnets in the preparatory chute will, however, it constant, cause an accumulation of more or less of the magnetic particles on the walls of said chute opposite said magnets, which accumulation will, if permitted to re main, impair the efficiency of the apparatus. This, however, is corrected by the use of the polechauger, which'changes' the polarity of the magnets, and thus prevents the accumulation on the sides of the chute. As the material passes through the ficldlof the revolving magnets the magnetic particles will be eliminated and deposited in the receptacles Iii-audit, in'nianner hereinbefore specified when describing the operation of the revolving magnets.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claini and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1.. In a magnetic separator, the combination, Witha plurality of magnets connected in series and each "set of magnets connected to a separate plate or division of the commutator, of a commutator having a separate plate or division foreach set of magnets and a pair of brushes therefor, whereby the Working magnets are all of one polarity, which polarity current of fine lnatca preparatory chute is changed when the magnets pass the brushes, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a magnetic separator, the combina .tion of two sets of electro-lnagne -s, each set arranged in series and having a plurality of commutator-plates and connections, said sets substantially as and for the purposes specified, 3. In a magnetic separa or, the combination, with a revolving set of electro-niagnets arranged in series, of a commutator having a plurality of plates, each connected with the series of elect-ro-niagnets, and-a neutralizing or repulsion magnet arranged opposite the revolving magnets, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

a. In a magnetic separator, a preparatory chute having electromagnets at its opposite sides and a pole-changer for alternating the currents in said magnets, substantially as and. for the purposes specified.

5. In a magnetic separator, the coinbina tion, with a revolving set of elcctro-ma-gnets, of a preparatory chute having electro-magnets arranged on opposite sides thereof, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a magnetic separator, the combination, with a series of revolving electro-magnets, of a preparatory chute having pivoted deflectors at its lower end and eleotro-magnets arranged on opposite sides of the chute, substantiallyas and for the purposes specified.

7. In a magnetic separator, the combination, with electro-magnets arranged in series, of a divided-commutator having a plurality of connections with the series of elect-ro-mag nets, a neutralizing or repulsion magnet arranged opposite the revolving magnets, and arranged over the field of the series of magnets, said chute having electro-magnets upon its opposite sides, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 5th day of January, 1891.

Witnesses:

F. W. Rrrrna, J11,

F. R. CORNWAL geared to move in unison, and suitable brushes,

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