US46303A - Improvement in sewing-machines - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J.fs. MOCURDY. I

SEWING MACHINE.

No. 46,303. .Y .Patented Feb. 7, 1865.'

J. S. M GCURDY. SEWING MACHINE.

l 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 46,303. Y Y Patented Peb. 7, 1865.

sheets-Sheet 3.

J. S. MGCURDY.`

SEWING MACHINE.

Patented eb. 7, 186B.

i loop of needle-thread through thetwo loops UNITED STATES ATENT FFICE.

JAMES S. MCCURDY, .OFv BRIDGEPORT, ASIGNOR TO ELIAS'HOWE, JR., OF'

FAIRFIELD, OONNECTIC UT.

IMPROVEMENT lN SEW-ING-MACHINES.

Specification lforming part of Letters Patent N o. 46,303, dated February 7, 1865; antedated January 28, 1865.

To all whom -itmay concern.

Be it known that I, JAMES SMOGURDY, of Bridgeport,in theconnty of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented'certainnew and useful Improvementsin Sewing-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my invention, reference being had to the accompanyin g drawings, inr which-e Figure 1 represents aside elevation of a sewingmachine embodying the improvements. Fig. 2 represents a vertical longitudinal sec` tion of a part of the same. Fig. 3 represents' a plan of the same-with the. parts above the line x :v of Fig. 1' removed. Fig. 4 represents a view ofone of the ends'of the machine. Fig. 5 represents a view of thev other end of the machine; and Figs. 6 to 15 representcertain'parts ofthe inachinedetached from the remainder and placed` in different positions, which theyoccupy during sewing, and designated by the same letters of reference as are applied to the same parts in the other drawings.

The objectof theinvention is to sewa looped seam with a loop of needle -thread passed through two preceding loops, and also to enable the machine to form stitches alternately long and short or all of equal lengths at pleasso formed that when rotated in combination with a reciprocating needle it will draw the preceding it, so as to produce a compound chain embroidery-stitch upon the fabric.

,The second part of the invention consists of the combination of the double-headed looping-I hook with the shaft that imparts motion to it by means of two pins controlled by a cam in such manner that each pin is withdrawn alternately during a smallportion of the revolution ot the looping-hook. to permit the loop of needle-thread to escape from the hook.

The thirdvpartof the invention consists of the combination of the feedinginstrument with a shaft making one revolution to two perforations of the needle through' the intervention of two cams of unequal projection, so that the movements of the feeding-instrument are alternately long and short.

The fourthpart of the invention consists of the combination of the feeding-iustrnmentwith a shaft making one revolution to two perforations of the needle through the vintervention of two cams and two adjnstablewipers, one

-of said cams having, two protuberances of equal projection arranged at'its opposite sides and the other cam having a single protuberance of greater projection than the other two, so that by adjusting the cam-wipers the feeding-instrument-'may be caused to make alternate movements f different lengths, or equal movements, as desired,.whereby the machine can be set to sew stitches alternately long and short or of equal length at pleasure.

Alltheimprovementsareembodiedin the machine represented in the accompanying drawsite directions from the body of the hook, and

thc back a( a of each head of the hook is extended so far that it does not let off the-loop ,of thread seized by the hook until'the needle has entered it in its descent to deliver a loop of thread to the hook-point following the backof'the head which lets off the loop. In .order that the back of the head of each hook may not prevent the descent of the ne'edle for-this purpose each is slotted, as shown at Fig. 7, so as to` form a groove in which the needle can descend. The double-headed looping-hook arranged to revolve in a circular groove formen in a ring-support, G, which projects from thel bed-plate ofthe machine, and it is held in thev said groove by means of a ring-cap, b.

1n order that the double-headed looping-hook may be caused to revolve,it is combined with a shaft, H, to which a grooved pulley, .Lis secured that receives the round belt extending fromthe treadle motion or other driving mech- 2V t emacs anism; and in order that the loops of thread seized by the hook-heads may escape the combination with this shaftis formed by means of two pine, fm, m, which enter sockets formed iu -the body of the doubleheaded looping-hook. Each of these pins is contained in a separate socket i-n a hubK, secured to the revolving shaft H, and each has a head, c, which is borne against a stationary face-cam, I, by means .ofl

a helical spring placed in the pin-socket. The upper part of the cam'recedes from the'doubleheaded looping-hook, as seen at- Figs. 2, 3', and 8, so that, as each pin is carried by the revolution of the shaft H along this receding por- .tion its head isl compelled by the springto fol- 4low the inclination of the cam, and its4 point is withdrawn from the socket in the doubleheaded looping-boekte permit the loop of thread to-escape. lAs the receding portion of thecam extends but a short distance and then approaches .the double-headed loo'ping-hook the withdrawn pin is caused to re-engage with the hook before the other pin is withdrawn in turn, so that the double-headed hook is always driven by the shaft'. This mode of cont-rolling thedriving-pins by a cam permits the looper to be arranged so that its points may revolve in a plane 'perpendicular to tb'e'axis ofthe shaft `which carries the pins. l

The needle-bar U is caused to move up and down by means of arock-shaft, L, which passes through the hollow needle-arm E. The front end of this rockshaft is fttedlwith an arm, N, which is connected with the needle-bar by means of ,a link, 0, so that as the rock-shaft rocks to and fro the needle-bar and the needlel d carried by it are alternately depressed and t raised. In ordertbat the needle-bar may make two descents foreach revolution of the double headed looping-hook, the rock-shaft L is con,- nected with the revolving shaft of au arm, P. a connectiug'rod, Q, two pins, ff, and two slides, g g, moving in crossslots h k, formed in the) hub ofthe pulley y-wheel J, these devices constituting one of the well'- known mechanical movements for obtaining two double reci procations for one revolution of a shaft. l

f rlhe needle d is secured in' 'a socket in the needle-bar() by means ot' aclamp-screw, i. When 1t is depressed its point passes downthrough a hole in the table-plate B, and carries the loop of thread in its eye within the range of 'motion ofthe hooked points of the doubleheaded looping-hook,dand the motions of the needle-bar and double-headed looping-hook are so timed that one hooked point of the latter passes by the needle -aud enters the loop of thread carried by it as the needle rises, and permits the loop to swell outward from its side. The hook-points of the double-headed loopinghook are arranged to pass close to the stem of the needle at the side nearest the cam I.

The feeding-instrument of the machine consists of a toothed plate, S, secured to one end of a lever, T, which is pivotednear the middle of its length to the frame of the machine. The

feed-plate is arranged to rise and sink and to move to and fro in a slot in the table-plate B i of the machine. It is raised once foreach depression of theirieedle-bar b v means-ot' the hub K, which is secured to the shaft H., and

has two protuberances,l s s, at its sides dia-` metrically opposite each other. rlhe feed-bar is 4depressed bythe spring of the arm j ofthe lever T, which acts antagonistically to the cams' s s, and holds the feed-plate out of contact with the cloth, except when it is raised by the protu'bera'nces of the cams. i

In order that the feed-plate maybe moved to and fro to feed thel cloth forward and to retrograde previous to each feeding movement, the butt-end j of the feed-Lever is fltted with two adjustable wipers, and fr', operating in connection with twocams, Urand U', secured to' the shaft H. 'lhese cams, acting upon the wipers, move the feed-plate in one direction to. feed the cloth forward `past the needle, and the feed-plate is moved backward, antagonistically to the cams, by nieans of a spring, r, 4applied to the `butt of the feed-lever. One of the cams, U, has two protuberances, t t, which project equal distances at the opposite -sides ot' the cam. The other cam, U', has a single i 'protuberance, k, of aboutdouble the projection of those of the first cam, U. The shanks of the i l wipers .1o wl are screwed through bosses secured to the 'feed-lever T, and pass through holes in the frame of the machine to its exterior,-where they are formed into milled heads V V., by turning which the positions of the wipers may be adjusted relatively to the cams which act l upon them. The cam `U is so set with-reference to the cani U that the -protuberanceof the former is in position to act upon its wiper wf at 'the same time thatone ofthe protuberl ances ot' the latter is in position to act on its H by means wiper x. Hence if therwiper a` be adjusted hy screwing its shank outward or from the cam.' so that the cam in its revolution cannot touch it, the feed-plate S will ne moved by the alternate action of the two protuberances of the 1cam Uv on itsjwiper w, and as these protuberancesare .of equal projection the movements ot' the feed-plate will all be equal, 'and the stitches will be of uniform length, which, however, may be regulated by adjusting thewiper if, on the other hand, the wiper 5v be adljusted by screwing its shank inward toward l the cam, so that the cam Uir`1 'its revolution acts upon it, the feed-plate will be moved altermately by the action of oneiot' the protuberi ances-ot' the cam U on its wiper w and by the actiony of the protuberance of the cam U on its wiper zr', and as the protubera-noe of` the cam U' is double that of those of the cam U the movement of the feed-plate may be made alternately long and short, and the stitches l may be alternately long and short, the relative .lengths of thelong and short stitches being 1 1,

regulated by theA adjustment of the wipers.

The machineis titted with a standard, X, for

the spool of needle-thread, a thread-tension, Y, and thread-guides w w, to direct the needleit, present it tdthe action of the double-headed it is spread laterally, so that the succeeding looping-hook tirst described.

the tigures.

-seams it maybe made to produce an ordinary lsingle-thread-chain-stitch in which each loop 4second looping-hook ditfers'from that first de- -each loop of needle-thread is drawn through eases 4 3 thread on its way tothe needle. It is also provided with a presser-foot, Z, of the usual construction, and its appurtenances.

'.lhe machine is put in operation by turning the shaftll in the direction of the arrow c in' When it is sewing, the needle is caused to descend, perforate the material to be scwed, carry the loop of needle-thread through looping-hook, and rise again, preparatory to a succeeding descent. As the loops of needlethread are presented by the needle, they are seized alternately by 'the hooked points of the loopinghook, and are extended by them. The body of the hook is wider than its points, so' that as each loop of thread is extended by the revolution ofthe hook-point that has seized it hook-point eau draw the lsucceeding loop of thread through its predecessor,v and as the loops arc nottwisted by thisy mode ot'operation ille chain of loops forming the under side ot'l the seam, when completed, lies tlat against the surface ofthe cloth. As the backs ofthe hookheads of the double-headed looping-hook extend backward for a considerable distance, (as shown in the drawings) the loop of needlethread seized by each hook-point is not given up orlet oil' until the succeedinghook-point has seized and is extending a succeeding loop of needle-thread presented bythe needle, and the needlehasdescended a second time and en tered the loop of thread let off, so that the loop of needle-thread sci/.ed at this last descent of the needle is drawn by one of the hooks through the two preceding loops, thereby producing a doublechain embroidery stitch resembling braid upon the under face of the fabric.

When the machine isused for sewingordinary of needle-thread is .drawn through the next preceding loop alone`(instead of the preceding two loops) by substituting the double-headed looping-hook represented at Figs. 13 and 14 for that represented in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. This scribed in the form ot'the hook-heads, theliacks of which do not extend as far as those of the Hence, as the hooked points of the double-headed loopinghook are at opposite `sides ofthe circle describcd by it; the loopextended by one hooked'point is given np as the next one is extcnded,so that the loop next preceding it, and there need be ilo-surplus loose thread to embarrass the operation ofthe machine. In using this second looping-hook a perforated guard, a, may be placed under the table-plate in such position relatively to the needle that the latter in its descent almost touches the side of theperforation of the guard farthest from 'the cam I, so that said guard prevents the swell ot the-loop of needle-A .thread at that side of the needle and causes it to swell out to a greater extent at the other side than it otherwise would, thereby insuringv its seizure bythe hook-point of the looping-hook.

The invention has thus far been describedas embodied in a machine sewing with a single thread. It may, however, be einbodiedin a machine sewing with twoV threads by arranging a bobbin of thread i-n the double-headed looping-hook in such manner that theloopsof needle-thread will pass over such bobbin. In

this case, it' the machine be fed in the same direction as the machine before described, aI chainstitch with a second thread ruiming through its loops on the-under side of the cloth will be produced. If, on the other hand, the machine were constructed and arranged to feed in a direction opposite to thatin which the be- `foredescrihed machine feeds, a two-threaded lock-stitch would ybe produced.

In all cases each loop ot' needle-thread is drawn up to the cloth by the extension of the succeeding loop.

Having thus described `a machine embodying my improvements, whatl claim as' my invention, and desire to secure by Letters latent,.is*

1. The eoinbination, in asewing-machlne, of the reciprocating needle-bar with a double-l headed rotating hook so formed'that when rotated in combination with arcciprocatingneedie it will draw a loop of needle-thread through -the two preceding loops, substantially as set forth.

2. lhe combination of the double headed lool'iing-hook with the' shaftxthat imparts 'motion to it by means of two pms, which are controlled by a cam. the whole operating substantially as set forth.

3. Theeombination of the feedinginstrument of the sewing-machine with a shaft making one revolution to two descents by the necdle-carrier through the intervention ot' two 'cams otl unequal projection, the whole operating substantially as set forth.

' 4. 'lhe combination ofthe feeding-instrument with a shaft making one revolution to two descents bythe needle-carrier, through the intervention ot' twocams and two adjustable wipers, one of said cams having two protuber-" ances of equal projection, and the other one having one protuberance of greater projection than those of the other cam, the whole operating substantially as set forth.

In witness whe1eot'I havc hereunto set my hand. y

e. s. MeoUnDY. Witnesses: Y

S. A. IIowE, F. M. TOWER..

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