US6727866B2 - Parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device - Google Patents

Parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device Download PDF

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US6727866B2
US6727866B2 US09/962,319 US96231901A US6727866B2 US 6727866 B2 US6727866 B2 US 6727866B2 US 96231901 A US96231901 A US 96231901A US 6727866 B2 US6727866 B2 US 6727866B2
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Prior art keywords
parallax barrier
display device
light source
autostereoscopic display
barrier type
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Expired - Fee Related, expires
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US09/962,319
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US20020180660A1 (en
Inventor
Nai-Yueh Wang
Hseng-Jen Lee
Chao-Hsu Tsai
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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Industrial Technology Research Institute ITRI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/32—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/366—Image reproducers using viewer tracking
    • H04N13/376—Image reproducers using viewer tracking for tracking left-right translational head movements, i.e. lateral movements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/398—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3D) display device capable of allowing viewers viewing 3D images without wearing any special glasses and particularly a 3D display device that employs horizontal and parallel strip light sources, an image forming device, a horizontal parallax barrier, and a transmissive light modulation panel to form images on the left and right eyes of viewers for the viewers to see 3D images.
  • 3D three-dimensional
  • 3D display devices which include vertical parallax barriers now commercially available can display pictures with low ghost images. However they do not have smooth multiple viewers tracking function.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a 3D display method which adapts a conventional technique.
  • the LCD device 1 On the LCD device 1 , there is a vertical parallax barrier 21 to separate the images of the left eye and right eye to achieve the 3D effect.
  • the parallax barrier 21 matches the pixel pitch of the LCD device 1 to allow viewers to see two separated images from two eyes at a selected distance. Whereas, viewers have to fix the eyes to a correct position to see the correct 3D images. Otherwise viewers' two eyes will perceive ghost images or reversed stereo images. If an eye tracking device is coupled to the display device, when the images are reversed, the images on the two eyes may be switched, then viewers may still see the correct 3D images.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,049,424 discloses a technique which uses liquid crystal to change the shape and position of the parallax barrier. But the resolution of the parallax barrier formed by liquid crystal is limited. It also cannot achieve smooth tracking effect. And the offering tracking function is applicable only to a viewer.
  • Taiwan Patent No. 381394 discloses a smooth tracking naked-eye 3D display device which uses a horizontal micro-retarder to couple polarization changes of a light source to offer tracking for multiple viewers.
  • the retarder material functions differently to light of different wavelengths. It tends to generate ghost images between the images on two eyes.
  • the machining of the micro-retarder forms a transition area between different areas of different retardation states which induces crosstalk and in turn causes ghost images.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to resolve the foregoing disadvantages.
  • the invention provides a parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device which allows viewers being smoothly tracked when viewing.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device that is capable of performing tracking for multiple viewers.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device that is capable of reducing ghost images.
  • the invention consists of a light source which is composed of one or more pairs of horizontal and parallel strip light sources, an image forming device located in front of the light source, a transmissive light modulation panel disposed at a selected location at one side of the image forming device opposite to the light source, and a horizontal parallax barrier located between the image forming device and the transmissive light modulation panel.
  • the device thus constructed allows multiple viewers being smoothly tracked during viewing and can also reduce ghost images.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional 3D display technique.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the basic structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention in use.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of moving light source to change viewing scope position.
  • FIG. 5 a is a schematic view of a light source for a viewer.
  • FIG. 5 b is a schematic view of a reinforced light source for a viewer.
  • FIG. 6 a is a schematic view of a light source for multiple viewers.
  • FIG. 6 b is a schematic view of a reinforced light source for multiple viewers.
  • the basic structure of the present invention includes a light source 3 , an image forming device 4 , a horizontal parallax barrier 22 and a transmissive light modulation panel 1 .
  • the light source 3 is composed of one or more pairs of horizontal and parallel upper strip light sources 31 and lower strip light sources 32 which may be a projection type point array source, or a vertical straight and elongated lamp tube.
  • An image forming device 4 of a field lens is located in front of the light source 3 .
  • the image forming device 4 of a field lens may be a fresnel lens, a conventional lens, or a lens array for forming the light source image at the positions of the viewers' left eye and right eye to allow the left eyes and right eyes of the viewers to see respectively the left eye image and right eye image on the LCD panel.
  • a transmissive light modulation panel 1 is disposed at a selected location at one side of the image forming device 4 opposite to the light source 3 .
  • the horizontal parallax barrier 22 is located between the image forming device 4 and the transmissive light modulation panel 1 .
  • the light source 3 when in use, is coupled to a viewer eye tracking device to form a tracking type light source 3 ′.
  • a microprism plate 5 is located in front of the transmissive light modulation panel 1 and the a vertical light diffusion plate 6 is located in front of the microprism plate 5 .
  • the vertical light diffusion plate 6 a device diffusing the light only in vertical direction, may be a miniature cylindrical surface lens array or a diffraction optical element.
  • An additional horizontal parallax barrier 22 may also be added between the transmissive light modulation panel 1 and the microprism plate 5 at a selected interval.
  • FIG. 4 depicts the present invention to change viewing scope positions by moving the light source.
  • two light sources on the same plane may form images on the image plane of the field lens.
  • the positions of the light sources are corresponding to the positions of viewers' eyes on the image plane.
  • the two light sources provide the illuminance for the images seen by the left eye and right eye respectively.
  • the turn-on positions of the light sources shall also be moved relatively to make the image forming positions matching viewers' eye positions.
  • FIGS. 5 a and 5 b illustrate respectively a light source for a viewer and a reinforced light source for a viewer according to the present invention.
  • the shape of the light source may be repeated by cycle to increase the brightness of the image perceived by the viewer.
  • FIGS. 6 a and 6 b illustrate respectively a light source for multiple viewers and a reinforced light source for multiple viewers according to the present invention.
  • the shown drawings are for an example of three viewers.
  • image brightness may be increased through changing the number of rows of the light sources.

Abstract

A parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device consists of a light source formed by one or more pairs of horizontal and parallel strip light source, an image forming device located in front of the light source for forming light source image to viewer' left eye position and right eye position, a transmissive light modulation panel located at one side of the image forming device opposite to the light source for displaying the left eye image and the right eye image thereon visible respectively to viewer' left eye and right eye, and a horizontal parallax barrier located between the image forming device and the transmissive light modulation panel.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3D) display device capable of allowing viewers viewing 3D images without wearing any special glasses and particularly a 3D display device that employs horizontal and parallel strip light sources, an image forming device, a horizontal parallax barrier, and a transmissive light modulation panel to form images on the left and right eyes of viewers for the viewers to see 3D images.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Presently, developments of 3D display devices are heavily focusing on the function and features such as high resolution, low ghost images, multiple viewing zones and viewing without using special glasses. The naked-eye type 3D display devices which include vertical parallax barriers now commercially available can display pictures with low ghost images. However they do not have smooth multiple viewers tracking function.
FIG. 1 illustrates a 3D display method which adapts a conventional technique. On the LCD device 1, there is a vertical parallax barrier 21 to separate the images of the left eye and right eye to achieve the 3D effect. The parallax barrier 21 matches the pixel pitch of the LCD device 1 to allow viewers to see two separated images from two eyes at a selected distance. Whereas, viewers have to fix the eyes to a correct position to see the correct 3D images. Otherwise viewers' two eyes will perceive ghost images or reversed stereo images. If an eye tracking device is coupled to the display device, when the images are reversed, the images on the two eyes may be switched, then viewers may still see the correct 3D images. However when viewers' eyes are between the correct and the reverse-stereo positions, the image crosstalk between the two eyes will still happen. U.S. Pat. No. 6,049,424 discloses a technique which uses liquid crystal to change the shape and position of the parallax barrier. But the resolution of the parallax barrier formed by liquid crystal is limited. It also cannot achieve smooth tracking effect. And the offering tracking function is applicable only to a viewer.
Taiwan Patent No. 381394 discloses a smooth tracking naked-eye 3D display device which uses a horizontal micro-retarder to couple polarization changes of a light source to offer tracking for multiple viewers. However the retarder material functions differently to light of different wavelengths. It tends to generate ghost images between the images on two eyes. Moreover, the machining of the micro-retarder forms a transition area between different areas of different retardation states which induces crosstalk and in turn causes ghost images.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The primary object of the present invention is to resolve the foregoing disadvantages. The invention provides a parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device which allows viewers being smoothly tracked when viewing.
Another object of the invention is to provide a parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device that is capable of performing tracking for multiple viewers.
A further object of the invention is to provide a parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device that is capable of reducing ghost images.
To attain the foregoing objects, the invention consists of a light source which is composed of one or more pairs of horizontal and parallel strip light sources, an image forming device located in front of the light source, a transmissive light modulation panel disposed at a selected location at one side of the image forming device opposite to the light source, and a horizontal parallax barrier located between the image forming device and the transmissive light modulation panel. The device thus constructed allows multiple viewers being smoothly tracked during viewing and can also reduce ghost images.
The foregoing, as well as additional objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed description, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional 3D display technique.
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the basic structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention in use.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of moving light source to change viewing scope position.
FIG. 5a is a schematic view of a light source for a viewer.
FIG. 5b is a schematic view of a reinforced light source for a viewer.
FIG. 6a is a schematic view of a light source for multiple viewers.
FIG. 6b is a schematic view of a reinforced light source for multiple viewers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 2, the basic structure of the present invention includes a light source 3, an image forming device 4, a horizontal parallax barrier 22 and a transmissive light modulation panel 1. The light source 3 is composed of one or more pairs of horizontal and parallel upper strip light sources 31 and lower strip light sources 32 which may be a projection type point array source, or a vertical straight and elongated lamp tube. An image forming device 4 of a field lens is located in front of the light source 3. The image forming device 4 of a field lens may be a fresnel lens, a conventional lens, or a lens array for forming the light source image at the positions of the viewers' left eye and right eye to allow the left eyes and right eyes of the viewers to see respectively the left eye image and right eye image on the LCD panel. A transmissive light modulation panel 1 is disposed at a selected location at one side of the image forming device 4 opposite to the light source 3. The horizontal parallax barrier 22 is located between the image forming device 4 and the transmissive light modulation panel 1.
As shown in FIG. 3, when in use, the light source 3 is coupled to a viewer eye tracking device to form a tracking type light source 3′. Further, a microprism plate 5 is located in front of the transmissive light modulation panel 1 and the a vertical light diffusion plate 6 is located in front of the microprism plate 5. The vertical light diffusion plate 6, a device diffusing the light only in vertical direction, may be a miniature cylindrical surface lens array or a diffraction optical element. An additional horizontal parallax barrier 22 may also be added between the transmissive light modulation panel 1 and the microprism plate 5 at a selected interval.
FIG. 4 depicts the present invention to change viewing scope positions by moving the light source. Employing the image forming characteristics of the field lens, two light sources on the same plane may form images on the image plane of the field lens. The positions of the light sources are corresponding to the positions of viewers' eyes on the image plane. The two light sources provide the illuminance for the images seen by the left eye and right eye respectively. When viewers' eye positions are moved, the turn-on positions of the light sources shall also be moved relatively to make the image forming positions matching viewers' eye positions.
FIGS. 5a and 5 b illustrate respectively a light source for a viewer and a reinforced light source for a viewer according to the present invention. The shape of the light source may be repeated by cycle to increase the brightness of the image perceived by the viewer.
FIGS. 6a and 6 b illustrate respectively a light source for multiple viewers and a reinforced light source for multiple viewers according to the present invention. The shown drawings are for an example of three viewers. When the eye positions of any viewer move, the turn-on position of the sets of the light sources will move independently and relatively corresponding to the moving positions of viewers' eyes. And image brightness may be increased through changing the number of rows of the light sources.
While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been set forth for the purpose of disclosure, modifications of the disclosed embodiments of the invention as well as other embodiment thereof may occur to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover all embodiments which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

What is claimed is:
1. A parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device, comprising:
a light source including one or more pairs of horizontal and parallel strip sources;
an image forming device located in front of the light source for forming the light source image at the positions of a viewer's left eye and right eye to allow the left eyes and right eyes of viewers to see respectively a left eye image and right eye image on a transmissive light modulation panel located at one side of the image forming device opposite to the light source; and
a horizontal parallax barrier having bands extending in a horizontal direction located between the image forming device and the transmissive light modulation panel.
2. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 1 further having a tracking device coupled to the strip light source.
3. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 1, wherein the strip light source is a projection type point array light source.
4. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 1, wherein the strip light source is a vertical straight and elongated lamp tube.
5. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 1, wherein the image forming device is selected from a fresnel lens, a conventional lens, or a lens array.
6. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 1, wherein the transmissive light modulation panel is a transparent liquid crystal display panel.
7. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 1 further having a microprism plate located in front of the transmissive light modulation panel.
8. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 7 further having another horizontal parallax barrier located between the transmissive light modulation panel and the microprism plate.
9. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 7, wherein the microprism plate has a pitch about twice of the pixel vertical height of the transmissive light modulation panel.
10. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 7 further having a vertical light diffusion plate located in front of the microprism plate.
11. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 9, wherein the vertical light diffusion plate is a miniature cylindrical surface lens array.
12. The parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device of claim 9, wherein the vertical light diffusion plate is a diffraction optical element.
US09/962,319 2001-05-31 2001-09-26 Parallax barrier type autostereoscopic display device Expired - Fee Related US6727866B2 (en)

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TW090113436A TW476002B (en) 2001-05-31 2001-05-31 Vertical parallax barrier bare eye three-dimensional display device
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Cited By (12)

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US20090123030A1 (en) * 2006-07-06 2009-05-14 Rene De La Barre Method For The Autostereoscopic Presentation Of Image Information With Adaptation To Suit Changes In The Head Position Of The Observer
US20110006979A1 (en) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-13 Ndis Corporation System for controlling brightness flicker of parallax barrier lcd that has wide viewing angle and method thereof
US20120098931A1 (en) * 2010-10-26 2012-04-26 Sony Corporation 3d motion picture adaption system
US20130050440A1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2013-02-28 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Video processing apparatus and video processing method
US8885882B1 (en) 2011-07-14 2014-11-11 The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York Real time eye tracking for human computer interaction
US9265458B2 (en) 2012-12-04 2016-02-23 Sync-Think, Inc. Application of smooth pursuit cognitive testing paradigms to clinical drug development
US9380976B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2016-07-05 Sync-Think, Inc. Optical neuroinformatics
EP1709467B1 (en) * 2003-09-27 2018-01-17 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Backlight for 3d display device
US9967546B2 (en) 2013-10-29 2018-05-08 Vefxi Corporation Method and apparatus for converting 2D-images and videos to 3D for consumer, commercial and professional applications
US10158847B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2018-12-18 Vefxi Corporation Real—time stereo 3D and autostereoscopic 3D video and image editing
US10250864B2 (en) 2013-10-30 2019-04-02 Vefxi Corporation Method and apparatus for generating enhanced 3D-effects for real-time and offline applications
US10362468B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2019-07-23 Centurylink Intellectual Property Llc Methods, systems and apparatus for selectively distributing urgent public information

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FR2858424A1 (en) * 2003-07-29 2005-02-04 France Telecom Image restitution system, has Fresnel lens, screen, and light sources that are arranged such that transmitted images are focused towards respective distinct zones of display environment of screen
JP7140954B2 (en) * 2017-09-26 2022-09-22 慶應義塾 3D display device, 3D display method, and 3D display program

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US10362468B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2019-07-23 Centurylink Intellectual Property Llc Methods, systems and apparatus for selectively distributing urgent public information
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US9967546B2 (en) 2013-10-29 2018-05-08 Vefxi Corporation Method and apparatus for converting 2D-images and videos to 3D for consumer, commercial and professional applications
US10250864B2 (en) 2013-10-30 2019-04-02 Vefxi Corporation Method and apparatus for generating enhanced 3D-effects for real-time and offline applications
US10158847B2 (en) 2014-06-19 2018-12-18 Vefxi Corporation Real—time stereo 3D and autostereoscopic 3D video and image editing

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