USRE33590E - Method for examining, localizing and treating with ultrasound - Google Patents
Method for examining, localizing and treating with ultrasound Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE33590E USRE33590E US07/276,431 US27643188A USRE33590E US RE33590 E USRE33590 E US RE33590E US 27643188 A US27643188 A US 27643188A US RE33590 E USRE33590 E US RE33590E
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- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000050051 Chelone glabra Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N7/00—Ultrasound therapy
- A61N7/02—Localised ultrasound hyperthermia
Definitions
- Conventional echography apparatus are obviously used for examining tumours inside the body by forming an image thereof on the screen of a cathode ray tube.
- the invention proposes applying ultra sounds to the examination and hyperthermia treatment and provides an apparatus which combines the three functions of localizing the zone to be treated, of treating by raising the temperature in a well controlled way in a well defined restricted region within this zone and simultaneously checking the results of the treatment.
- the hyperthermia treatment apparatus of the invention combines a generator of a focused ultra sonic beam comprising a main high frequency electric wave emitter and a main piezoelectric transducer whose active surface is focusing, with an echography device comprising an auxiliary high frequency electric pulse generator associated with an auxiliary piezoelectric transducer and with means for causing the zone to be treated to be swept by the ultrasonic examination beam being generated by the auxiliary transducer; and with switching and adjusting means for causing, during main treatment and checking operation, the emission of said focused beam by the main transducer energized by the main emitter during periodic time intervals separated by shorter time intervals during which the emission of the examination beam and the formation of echographic images are carried out.
- the apparatus advantageously comprises a first auxiliary locating operation mode during which only the periodic emission of the examination beam by the auxiliary transducer is effected and preferably a second auxiliary operating mode for checking the focal region, during which only the periodic emission of the focused beam is effected, but the main emitter is synchronized by the synchronization circuit of the auxiliary generator for echographic operation, the time intervals which separate the successive emission periods during the two auxiliary operation modes being substantially smaller than the intervals which separate the periods of emission of the focused beam during the main mode.
- the quality of the echographic image either of the zone to be treated (locating mode) or of the focal region (mode for checking the restricted region), will be substantially better than during the treatment mode, during which the successive images of the zones to be treated will follow each other for example at intervals of the order of a second, which however allow the position of the focal region to be checked satisfactorily during treatment.
- the auxiliary transducer is fixed to the spherical surface of the main transducer and thus, during movement of this latter for bringing the focal spot into successive restricted regions of the tumour, the auxiliary transducer will at all times supply an image of the treated region and of the zone which surrounds it, thus allowing a permanent check of the treatment to be effected easily and accurately.
- FIG. 1 is the general diagram of a hyperthermia apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows schematically in perspective the main transducer and its mobile support device
- FIG. 3 shows the wave forms at different points of the circuits of the apparatus.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the image obtained on the display screen which the apparatus comprises.
- FIG. 2 a main transducer 1 in the form of .Iadd.a .Iaddend.spherical skull cap supported by a mount which allows it to move along three orthogonal axes X, Y and Z.
- This mount has been shown schematically, its construction being within the scope of a man skilled in the art.
- an auxiliary transducer 2 of a generally cylindrical shape which passes through skull cap 1 and is fixed thereto.
- a pocket of water P is placed between the skull cap 1 and the surface S of the body of the patient, who is assumed lying flat on a horizontal plane.
- the skull cap 1 has for example a diameter of 200 to 300 mm and is formed from a large number (300 or 400) of piezoelectric elements 10, 11, etc. . . . (FIG. 1) isolated from each other and juxtaposed so as to form a mosaic. These elements are metallized on both faces, one of the metallizations being connected to ground and the other to connections for energization by a main emitter 3.
- This latter delivers an electric signal A (FIG. 3) formed of high frequency wave trains (500 KHz for example) of a relatively low peak power (about 10 or a 100 watts for example), but of a relatively long duration (for example of the order of a second) separated by time intervals of the order of 1/10 second, the time required for the echography device to form an image.
- FOG. 3 electric signal A
- Such operating conditions may be obtained by means of emitters using power transistors.
- the elements of transducer 1 will be divided up into groups each energized by a separate emitter (rectangle .[.4.].
- An input 31 to emitter 3 symbolizes an adjustment of the emitted power and an input 32 symbolizes an adjustment of the wave train duration.
- the focal spot formed in the center F of the sphere may, with this technique, be very small (diameter of 2 or 3 mm for example) and have a position which is strictly fixed for a given position of the transducer.
- the auxiliary transducer 2 is itself connected both to a high frequency electric pulse emitter 21 and to a reception amplifier 22 followed by an analog-digital converter 23, itself followed by a memory 24.
- Emitter 21 is synchronized by a pulse generator 211 which delivers 256 pulses during each of the successive time intervals of 1/10 second.
- a pulse generator 211 which delivers 256 pulses during each of the successive time intervals of 1/10 second.
- Transducer 2 is advantageously of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,418,698 granted on Dec. 31, 1983, for: "Ultrasonic scanning probe with mechanical sector scanning means", that is to say that it comprises an oscillating piezoelectric element 200 controlled by a motor 201, itself controlled by an electronic circuit which is shown symbolically by a rectangle 4.
- This electronic circuit provides control signals for the motor 201 housed inside the case of the transducer 2 and is adapted so that a complete oscillation of the motor corresponds to the above defined duration for forming an image (1/10 sec.).
- switch 210 In a first operating mode (treatment and checking) switch 210 is in position I as well as switches 212 and 33.
- generator 211 is synchronized by a first output 41 of circuit 4, and this latter is then adjusted, by means not shown, for generating at its output 43 connected to motor 201 signals having the wave form (MT) shown in FIG. .[.4.]. .Iadd.3.Iaddend..
- An image is swept then in 1/10 sec. and is followed by a time interval of 1 sec. during which the oscillating element 200 remains immobile, so that transducer 2 receives no echos.
- a circuit 34 During the intervals between the sweep periods, a circuit 34 generates square waves of 1 sec. which serve for synchronizing emitter 3 whereas, during the sweep periods, a circuit 213 generates square waves of 1/10 sec. which serve for synchronizing the generator 211.
- transducer 1 generates an ultra-sonic beam under substantially continuous operating conditions whereas the echography device forms an image every second in the intervals between the wave trains.
- the wave forms of the signals then emitted by generator 211 At (BT) has been shown the wave forms of the signals then emitted by generator 211.
- switch 33 In a second operating mode (locating) with switch 210 in position I, switch 33 is in position II, so that emitter 3 is not synchronized and the focused ultrasonic beam is not emitted.
- Switch 212 is also in position II so that generator 211 is synchronized by a second output 42 of circuit 4 and this latter is adjusted so as to generate at its output 43 signals having the wave forms (MR) shown in FIG. 3.
- the 1/10 sec. sweeps are then separated by time intervals of 1/100 sec. only and the images are formed from echos coming from the reflection of the pulses generated by transducer 2.
- Generator 211 delivers the signals (BR).
- switch 210 In a third operating mode (checking the focal region), switch 210 is in position III, so that the emitter 21 and transducer 2 do not emit.
- Switch 212 is again in position II so that generator 211 is synchronized by the output 42 of circuit 4 and this latter is adjusted as in the second operating mode so that the 1/10 sec. sweeps are again separated by intervals of 1/100 sec.
- Switch 33 is in position III and consequently emitter 3 is now synchronized by the generator 211 which then delivers the signals (BR).
- the echographic device is therefor formed by emitter 3, transducer 1 operating for emission and transducer 2 operating for reception.
- the result is that an image of the zone of concentration in the focal region of the energy emitted by the transducer 1 is obtained.
- the echographic signals received at 22 in the first or third operating modes are, after analog-digital conversion at 23, stored line by line in memory 24, a writing addressing device 25, controlled by circuit 4, causing the respective deflection angles of the beam emitted and/or received by transducer 2 to correspond with the respective lines of the memory.
- a device 26 for rapid reading of the memory energizes the X and Y deflection coils of a cathode ray tube 28, so the brightness control electrode receives the corresponding contents from memory 24, transformed into an analog signal by a digital-analog converter 27.
- the control circuit 4 may for example comprise a one shot multivibrator delivering square waves of a duration adjustable to 1/100 s or is depending on the operating mode and circuits for generating increasing and decreasing voltages of a 1/10 s duration, triggered off by said square waves.
- the operator searches for and localizes the zone to be treated.
- the display device is adapted, in a way known per se, so as to materialize on the screen of the cathode ray tube (for example by means of a cross) the theoretical position of the focal spot in the sectional plane shown, which plane passes through the axis of symmetry of transducer 1. (It is a question of B type echography). The operator begins by moving transducer 1 along X, until the tumour appears clearly on the screen, then he moves it along Y and Z, until the cross coincides with the central region of the image of the tumour (K, FIG. 4).
- the switches may be placed in position for checking the focal region: only this latter is then made visible on the screen, with a luminosity proportional to the corresponding energy concentration.
- a representation is obtained of what the distribution of the energy of the treatment wave will be, which allows the adjustments to be checked and perfected.
- the apparatus only supplies one image per second, but this rate is sufficient for substantially permanently checking the position of the focal spot.
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/276,431 USRE33590E (en) | 1983-12-14 | 1988-11-22 | Method for examining, localizing and treating with ultrasound |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8320041 | 1983-12-14 | ||
FR8320041A FR2556582B1 (en) | 1983-12-14 | 1983-12-14 | ULTRASONIC PULSE APPARATUS FOR DESTROYING CALCULATIONS |
FR8406877 | 1984-05-03 | ||
FR8406877A FR2563725B1 (en) | 1984-05-03 | 1984-05-03 | APPARATUS FOR EXAMINING AND LOCATING ULTRASONIC TUMORS WITH A LOCALIZED HYPERTHERMAL TREATMENT DEVICE |
US07/276,431 USRE33590E (en) | 1983-12-14 | 1988-11-22 | Method for examining, localizing and treating with ultrasound |
Related Parent Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/674,889 Continuation-In-Part US4617931A (en) | 1983-12-14 | 1984-11-26 | Ultrasonic pulse apparatus for destroying calculuses |
US06/728,905 Reissue US4658828A (en) | 1983-12-14 | 1985-04-30 | Apparatus for examining and localizing tumors using ultra sounds, comprising a device for localized hyperthermia treatment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
USRE33590E true USRE33590E (en) | 1991-05-21 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/276,431 Expired - Lifetime USRE33590E (en) | 1983-12-14 | 1988-11-22 | Method for examining, localizing and treating with ultrasound |
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US (1) | USRE33590E (en) |
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US5247935A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-09-28 | General Electric Company | Magnetic resonance guided focussed ultrasound surgery |
US5291890A (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 1994-03-08 | General Electric Company | Magnetic resonance surgery using heat waves produced with focussed ultrasound |
US5311869A (en) * | 1990-03-24 | 1994-05-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method and apparatus for ultrasonic wave treatment in which medical progress may be evaluated |
US5490840A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-02-13 | General Electric Company | Targeted thermal release of drug-polymer conjugates |
US5643179A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1997-07-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Method and apparatus for ultrasonic medical treatment with optimum ultrasonic irradiation control |
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