USRE9935E - Paul jablochkoff - Google Patents

Paul jablochkoff Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE9935E
USRE9935E US RE9935 E USRE9935 E US RE9935E
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pencils
isolating
sticks
electric
lamp
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Jablochkoff
Original Assignee
The Jablochkoff Electric Lightinq Company
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  • the object of my invention is the absolute suppression of the mechanipal regulators heretofore employed in electric-lamps.
  • the conductor sticks or carbons instead of arran'ging the conductor sticks or carbons end as kaolin, glass, mortar, lacs, &c.-or it may be in the form of friable mixtures or powders, more or less fine, and composed'of earthy substances, earthen alkali, silicious substances-in other words, substances that are highly refractory.
  • the isolatingor non-conductin g material may surround one or both of the carbons or may be placed in the space between the carbons only.
  • the isolating material atand near the are is slowly melted or volatilized with the carbons themselves, and as it wastes or consumes slowly clears the carbonszor conductors at their points, thus exposing fresh surface for the formation of the are.
  • the isolating material in preventing the formation of the are at any point excepting at the exposed ends of the conductor pencils or carbons is added another effect due to'the-presence of the isolating material along the entire length of the stick or pencil, and to its simultaneous consumption therewith, viz:
  • the isolating'material by reason of its volatilization and incandescence Illlf der the action of the arc, becomes also a source of light, and the lamp 7 thus has over prior forms of lamp employing conductor sticks or pencils only, the advantage of producing a luminous source or flame of considerable extent instead of a single luminous point.
  • the isolatingmaterial may either be a solid and compact substance--such' the isolating material is arranged in proximity to the carbon stick or pencil its whole length, this action continues so long as the carbons burn, and there is no necessity ofsnpplying or feeding fresh quantities of the isolating sub-' stance.
  • a quantity of particles of graphite I obtain an extraordinarily brilliant efiect.
  • I may also change the color and shade of the light by introducing into the composition of the isolating substance a small quantity of metallic salts, 'such as are used "in fire-works.
  • Salts of soda for instance, which produce yellow radiations, have the property of compen sating for the blue and violet rays which the electric'arccontains to excess.
  • solidcarbons or pencils which are embedded inor separated by the isolating material I may employ hollow sticks or tubes formed of any con d-uctive substance,sueh as metal or graphite,
  • Figure 1 is a vertical section of alamp in which the isolating and fusible material is in the form of powder.
  • Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line ata: of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 y of Fig. 1, through the ba-se of the carbonpencils,'which at this point are sheathed with metal and separated by a strip of insulating material.
  • Fig. 4 is a vertical-seetion' of a base and holder for the lamp, showing the candle in position for use.
  • Fig.5 is an elevation of the lamp.
  • Figs. 6, 'Z, 8, and-9 are top views of modified forms of the candle.
  • a and b are rods or pencils of carbon or analogous'material, of prismatic form, pointed at their ends and of unequal sectional area, the largest being that which receives the positive current, and is consumed more rapidly than the other.
  • These rods or pencils are placed-parallel to each other, and in the present instance are surrounded by a case or cylinder, c,'of paper or pasteboard of amian thus, which is employed for the purpose of holding in place the powdered mixture ofisolating materials surroundin g and separating the pencils, and which is consumed with them.
  • One of these mixtures which I use to advantage is composed of lime, one part; of sand, four parts, and talc, two parts.
  • Fig. 7 the case is round instead of oval.
  • Fig. 8 one only of the pencils' ⁇ 7iz., tl1 e larger, b-is surrounded with the isolating material.
  • the isolating material is supposed to bea compact substance-as, for instance, kaolinalthough the forms of Figs. 7,8, and 9 are adapted for the employment of powders.
  • FIGs. 1 and 3 the conductor-pencilsaand I) are shown inclosed in sheaths of metal (I f of'copper, which are isolated from one another by a piece of cardboard, (amianthus,) g.
  • the holder which serves to support the candle and to conduct the current to the metal sheaths and the pencils, consists of two metal jaws, h and j, between which the lower end of the candle is placed and secured by means of the clamping-screws k l, acting upon the jaws.
  • This holding device is made of copper or other conducting material, and is mounted upon a base, m, of wood or other isolating material. Binding-posts p and n upon the clamping-jaws serveforattachmentofconducting-wires,which convey the electric current to the lamp.
  • the candle I may employ a piece of carbon fixed in an isolating handle. When the curreutisintroduced the piece of carbon is placed uponthe ends of the conducting-pencils,
  • Ican apply to the surface of each candle a pulverable priming, so that all the lamps can be lighted together, by simply turning a button controlling the flow of the electric current to the circuit.
  • An electric-arc lamp consisting of parallel conductors separated by an isolating material capable of consumption by the action of the electric are, substantially as described.
  • Au electric-arc lamp consisting of parallel conductor sticks or pencils and a mass of refractory combustible or fusible material, substantially such as described, applied to said rods or pencils along their length, so as to be consumed with them, audto add by its incandescence and volatilizatiou to the size of the luminous source.
  • the herein-described electric candle composed of two sticks of carbon, arranged in a suitable case, and separated from each other and from the case by an isolating fusible powder or material, substantially as described.

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