WO1989006335A1 - Refrigerating unit for refrigerator - Google Patents

Refrigerating unit for refrigerator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1989006335A1
WO1989006335A1 PCT/CH1988/000228 CH8800228W WO8906335A1 WO 1989006335 A1 WO1989006335 A1 WO 1989006335A1 CH 8800228 W CH8800228 W CH 8800228W WO 8906335 A1 WO8906335 A1 WO 8906335A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerator
heat
peltier element
heat exchanger
cooling unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1988/000228
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Virgil Künzle
Original Assignee
Chemonorm Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chemonorm Ag filed Critical Chemonorm Ag
Priority to BR888807399A priority Critical patent/BR8807399A/en
Priority to AU27976/89A priority patent/AU627705B2/en
Priority to AT89900179T priority patent/ATE83309T1/en
Priority to DE8989900179T priority patent/DE3876621D1/en
Publication of WO1989006335A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989006335A1/en
Priority to FI894038A priority patent/FI894038A0/en
Priority to NO893534A priority patent/NO170743C/en
Priority to DK437089A priority patent/DK437089D0/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/021—Control thereof
    • F25B2321/0212—Control thereof of electric power, current or voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/02—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effects; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effects
    • F25B2321/023—Mounting details thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling unit for a refrigerator, in particular a small refrigerator.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a cooling unit of the type mentioned, which has no moving parts, is completely maintenance-free, has a long service life, consumes only relatively little electrical energy for its operation and has no switch-on power peaks.
  • thermoelectric Peltier element is present as the cooling source, which is on the one hand in a heat-conducting connection with a first heat exchanger to be arranged in the interior of the refrigerator and on the other hand with a second heat exchanger to be arranged on an outer wall of the refrigerator, in such a way that electrical energy is supplied In the feed circuit of the Peletier element, heat is transported from the first to the second heat exchanger.
  • An electrical circuit arrangement is provided for regulating the supply of electrical energy to the feed circuit of the Peltier element.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section along the line 1 - 1 in FIG. 2 through part of a refrigerator and a top view of a cooling unit according to the invention fitted to the refrigerator;
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section along the line 2-2 in Figure 1, on a larger scale.
  • Fig. 3 shows an electrical circuit arrangement for automatically regulating the energy supply to the thermoelectric Peltier element of the cooling unit.
  • a refrigerator 10 has a rear wall 11 and two side walls 12 and 13 which project beyond the rear wall 11 to the rear.
  • the inner surfaces of the refrigerator 10 are covered with an insulating layer 14.
  • At this heat-conducting block 15 is by means of screws 17 on the Arranged rear of the refrigerator arranged metal block 18, with the interposition of a thermoelectric Peltier element 19 which is clamped by means of screws 17 between the two metal blocks 15 and 18.
  • the Peltier element 19 is a commercially available example, which is supplied, for example, by the North American company Melcor under the type designation 1.4 / 127.06L.
  • Peltier element is constructed in a sandwich-like manner and has two pairs of semiconductor organs between two heat-conducting but electrically insulating end plates, which are in heat-conducting contact with the two blocks 15 and 18, which are electrically connected in series internally and the supply circuit of the Form the Peltier element. Since such Peltier elements are commercially available as mentioned, a detailed description and graphic representation can be dispensed with here.
  • the metal block 20 has a bore 22 in which an end part of a so-called heat pipe 23 is seated, which is otherwise provided with a larger number of convection fins 24.
  • the heat pipe 23 consists, in a known manner, of an evacuated copper pipe which is closed at both ends and filled with saturated steam of high-purity water and on its cylindrical inner surfaces with a covering 25 acting as a wick (FIG. 2) is provided. Heat pipes of this type are also commercially available and are manufactured, for example, by Furuka a Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan) and are marketed under the type designation SB 100.
  • the metal block 20, the heat pipe 23 and the fins 24 together form a first heat exchanger, which is arranged in the interior of the refrigerator 10.
  • the already mentioned metal block 18 on the rear of the refrigerator 10 has two parallel bores 26 and 27, in each of which an end part of a heat pipe 28 and 29 is seated. These two heat pipes 28 and 29 are of the same design as the previously described heat pipe 23 and are also each provided with a larger number of convection fins 30 and 31, respectively.
  • the metal block 18 and the heat pipes 28 and 29 with their fins 30 and 31 together form a second heat exchanger, which is located on the outside of the rear wall 11 of the refrigerator.
  • a housing 33 is fastened by means of screws 32 (FIG. 2), which contains an electrical circuit arrangement for automatically regulating the supply of electrical energy to the feed circuit of the Peltier element 19 already mentioned.
  • the electrical circuit arrangement 34 has an electronic voltage comparator 35 with two inputs 36 and 37 and an output 38.
  • a constant reference voltage Ui is applied to the positive input 36, generated by means of a bridge rectifier 39, smoothed by two capacitors 40, 41 and a resistor 42, stabilized to a constant value Uo by means of a voltage stabilizer 43 and by means of a voltage divider 44, 45 is reduced to the desired value Ui.
  • the bridge rectifier 39 has two connection terminals 46 and 47, which are to be connected to the AC network via a transformer (not shown).
  • a second voltage divider 48, 49 which reduces the stabilized voltage Uo to a variable value U2.
  • This second voltage divider consists of an adjustable fixed resistor 48 and a variable resistor 49, which has a pronounced negative temperature coefficient (NTC) and serves as a temperature sensor.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • the heat-conducting block 15 is provided with a bore 50 for receiving the variable resistor 49, which is connected to two connection terminals 51, 52 of the circuit arrangement 34.
  • a capacitor 53 is used to suppress short-term fluctuations in the variable voltage U2.
  • the output 38 of the voltage comparator 35 is via a Protective resistor 54 is connected to the control input 55 of an electronic FET switch 56, which is looped into the feed circuit of the Peltier element 19.
  • the circuit arrangement 34 has two terminals 57 and 58 for connecting the Peltiei element 19. When the switch 56 is turned on, the Peltier element 19 is supplied directly with the unstabilized voltage from the bridge rectifier 39.
  • variable resistor 49 serving as a temperature sensor becomes smaller, which results in a corresponding decrease in the variable voltage U2 at the negative input 37 of the voltage comparator 35. If the variable voltage U2 falls below the value of the reference voltage Ui, that at the control input 55 of the electronic switch 56 lying voltage U3 suddenly almost zero. As a result, the switch 56 is controlled in its non-conductive or blocking state and thus the supply circuit of the Peltier element 19 is interrupted. The cooling unit is then in an inactive state, which is indicated visually by the LED 59 going out.
  • the cooling capacity of the cooling unit is in the range from 5 to 30 watts, depending on the temperature difference between the two heat exchangers, inside and outside. With an appropriate setting of the adjustable resistor 48, it is possible to lower the temperature inside the refrigerator to about 20 ° C. if the outside temperature is in the range of the usual living room temperature.
  • the cooling unit described does not require any maintenance and has an extremely long lifespan in the order of 150 * 000 hours or more.

Abstract

In the refrigerating unit disclosed, a thermoelectric Peltier element (19) is used as a heat pump between a first heat-exchanger (20, 23, 24) inside a refrigerator (10) and a second heat-exchanger (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) on the outside of the rear wall (11) of the refrigerator. Both heat-exchangers have a metal block (20 or 18) connected in a heat-conducting manner, either directly or via a heat-conducting block (15), to the Peltier element (19). The supply of electrical energy to the feed circuit of the Peltier element (19) is automatically controlled by an electric circuit arrangement with a variable-resistance temperature probe. The refrigerating unit is characterized by low energy consumption, no perceptible current peaks on start-up, and a particularly long service life.

Description

Kύhlaqgregat für einen Kühlschrank Cooling unit for a refrigerator
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlaggregat für einen Kühlschrank, insbesondere einen Kleinkühlschrank.The present invention relates to a cooling unit for a refrigerator, in particular a small refrigerator.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Kühlaggregates der genannten Art, das keine beweglichen Teile aufweist, völlig wartungsfrei ist, eine lange Lebensdauer hat, zu seinem Betrieb nur verhältnismässig wenig elektrische Energie verbraucht und keine Einschalt-Leistungsspitzen aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide a cooling unit of the type mentioned, which has no moving parts, is completely maintenance-free, has a long service life, consumes only relatively little electrical energy for its operation and has no switch-on power peaks.
Diese Aufgabe ist durch die Schaffung des im Patentanspruch 1 definierten Kühlaggregates gelöst.This object is achieved by creating the cooling unit defined in claim 1.
Beim erfindungsgemässen Kühlaggregat ist als Kältequelle ein bekanntes thermoelektrisches Peltier-Element vorhanden, das einerseits mit einem im Innern des Kühlschrankes anzuordnenden ersten Wärmetauscher und anderseits mit einem an einer Aussenwand des Kühlschrankes anzuordnenden zweiten Wärme¬ tauscher in wärmeleitender Verbindung steht, derart dass beim Zuführen elektrischer Energie in den Speisestromkreis des Peletier-Elementes ein Wärmetransport vom ersten zum zweiten Wärmetauscher stattfindet. Für die Regelung der Zufuhr elek¬ trischer Energie zum Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elementes ist eine elektrische Schaltungsanordnung vorgesehen.In the cooling unit according to the invention, a known thermoelectric Peltier element is present as the cooling source, which is on the one hand in a heat-conducting connection with a first heat exchanger to be arranged in the interior of the refrigerator and on the other hand with a second heat exchanger to be arranged on an outer wall of the refrigerator, in such a way that electrical energy is supplied In the feed circuit of the Peletier element, heat is transported from the first to the second heat exchanger. An electrical circuit arrangement is provided for regulating the supply of electrical energy to the feed circuit of the Peltier element.
Zweckmässige Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemässen Kühl- aggregates ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.Appropriate further developments of the cooling device according to the invention aggregates result from the dependent patent claims.
Einzelheiten der Erfindung und die mit ihr erzielten Vorteile sind in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, unter Bezugnahme auf die zugehörigen Zeichnungen. Darin zeigen:Details of the invention and the advantages achieved with it are explained in more detail in the following description of a preferred embodiment, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In it show:
Fig. 1 einen horizontalen Schnitt entlang der Linie 1-1 in Fig. 2 durch einen Teil eines Kühlschrankes und eine Draufsicht auf ein am Kühlschrank angebautes Kühl¬ aggregat nach der Erfindung;1 shows a horizontal section along the line 1 - 1 in FIG. 2 through part of a refrigerator and a top view of a cooling unit according to the invention fitted to the refrigerator;
Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1, in grösserem Massstab;2 shows a cross section along the line 2-2 in Figure 1, on a larger scale.
Fig. 3 eine elektrische Schaltungsanordnung zum automatischen Regeln der Energiezufuhr zum thermoelektrischen Peltier-Element des Kühlaggregates.Fig. 3 shows an electrical circuit arrangement for automatically regulating the energy supply to the thermoelectric Peltier element of the cooling unit.
Gemäss den Fig. 1 und 2 weist ein Kühlschrank 10 eine Rückwand 11 und zwei Seitenwände 12 und 13 auf, die über die Rückwand 11 hinaus nach hinten vorspringen. Die Innenflächen des Kühl¬ schrankes 10 sind mit einer Isolierschicht 14 belegt. Ein aus Metall, vorzugsweise einer Aluminiumlegierung, bestehender Wärmeleitblock 15 ist in eine Durchbrechung 16 der Rückwand 11 und der dortigen Isolierschicht 14 passend eingelassen. An diesem Wärmeleitblock 15 ist mittels Schrauben 17 ein an der Rückseite des Kühlschrankes angeordneter Metallblock 18 befestigt, und zwar unter Zwischenschaltung eines thermo- elektrischen Peltier-Elementes 19 das mittels der Schrauben 17 zwischen den beiden Metallblöcken 15 und 18 festgeklemmt ist. Das Peltier-Element 19 ist ein handelsübliches Exemplar, das z.B. von der Nordamerikanischen Firma Melcor unter der Typen¬ bezeichnung 1.4/127.06L geliefert wird. Es ist sandwichartig ausgebildet und weist zwischen zwei gut wärmeleitenden, aber elektrisch isolierenden Endplatten, die mit den beiden Blöcken 15 und 18 in wärmeleitender Berührung sind, mehrere Paare von Halbleiter-Organen auf, die intern elektrisch in Reihe geschal¬ tet sind und den Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elementes bilden. Da solche Peltier-Elemente wie erwähnt handelsüblich sind, kann hier auf eine ausführliche Beschreibung und zeichnerische Darstellung verzichtet werden.1 and 2, a refrigerator 10 has a rear wall 11 and two side walls 12 and 13 which project beyond the rear wall 11 to the rear. The inner surfaces of the refrigerator 10 are covered with an insulating layer 14. A heat-conducting block 15 made of metal, preferably an aluminum alloy, is suitably embedded in an opening 16 in the rear wall 11 and the insulating layer 14 there. At this heat-conducting block 15 is by means of screws 17 on the Arranged rear of the refrigerator arranged metal block 18, with the interposition of a thermoelectric Peltier element 19 which is clamped by means of screws 17 between the two metal blocks 15 and 18. The Peltier element 19 is a commercially available example, which is supplied, for example, by the North American company Melcor under the type designation 1.4 / 127.06L. It is constructed in a sandwich-like manner and has two pairs of semiconductor organs between two heat-conducting but electrically insulating end plates, which are in heat-conducting contact with the two blocks 15 and 18, which are electrically connected in series internally and the supply circuit of the Form the Peltier element. Since such Peltier elements are commercially available as mentioned, a detailed description and graphic representation can be dispensed with here.
An dem im Innern des Kühlschrankes 10 liegenden Ende des Wärmeleitblockes 15 ist ein weiterer Metallblock 20 mittels Schrauben 21 befestigt, so dass die Blöcke 15 und 20 in guter Wärmeleitverbindung stehen. Der Metallblock 20 weist eine Bohrung 22 auf, in welcher eine Endpartie eines sogenannten Wärmerohres 23 sitzt, das im übrigen mit einer grösseren Anzahl von Konvektionslamellen 24 versehen ist. Das Wärmerohr 23 besteht in bekannter Weise aus einem an beiden Enden ver¬ schlossenen, evakuierten Kupferrohr, das mit gesättigtem Dampf von hochreinem Wasser gefüllt und an seinen zylindrischen Innenflächen mit einem als Docht wirkenden Belag 25 (Fig. 2) versehen ist. Wärmerohre dieser Art sind ebenfalls handels¬ üblich und werden z.B. von der Firma Furuka a Electric Co.Ltd., Tokyo (Japan) , hergestellt und unter der Typenbezeichπung SB 100 auf den Markt gebracht. Der Metallblock 20, das Wärmerohr 23 und die Lamellen 24 bilden zusammen einen ersten Wärmetauscher, der im Innern des Kühlschrankes 10 angeordnet ist.At the end of the heat-conducting block 15 located inside the refrigerator 10, another metal block 20 is fastened by means of screws 21, so that the blocks 15 and 20 are in good heat-conducting connection. The metal block 20 has a bore 22 in which an end part of a so-called heat pipe 23 is seated, which is otherwise provided with a larger number of convection fins 24. The heat pipe 23 consists, in a known manner, of an evacuated copper pipe which is closed at both ends and filled with saturated steam of high-purity water and on its cylindrical inner surfaces with a covering 25 acting as a wick (FIG. 2) is provided. Heat pipes of this type are also commercially available and are manufactured, for example, by Furuka a Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan) and are marketed under the type designation SB 100. The metal block 20, the heat pipe 23 and the fins 24 together form a first heat exchanger, which is arranged in the interior of the refrigerator 10.
Der bereits erwähnte Metallblock 18 an der Rückseite des Kühlschrankes 10 weist zwei parallele Bohrungen 26 und 27 auf, in denen je eine Endpartie eines Wärmerohres 28 bzw. 29 sitzt. Diese zwei Wärmerohre 28 und 29 sind gleich ausgebildet wie das zuvor beschriebene Wärmerohr 23 und sind ebenfalls je mit einer grösseren Anzahl von Koπvektionslamellen 30 bzw. 31 versehen. Der Metallblock 18 und die Wärmerohre 28 und 29 mit ihren Lamellen 30 und 31 bilden zusammen einen zweiten Wärmetauscher, der sich an der Aussenseite der Rückwand 11 des Kühlschrankes befindet.The already mentioned metal block 18 on the rear of the refrigerator 10 has two parallel bores 26 and 27, in each of which an end part of a heat pipe 28 and 29 is seated. These two heat pipes 28 and 29 are of the same design as the previously described heat pipe 23 and are also each provided with a larger number of convection fins 30 and 31, respectively. The metal block 18 and the heat pipes 28 and 29 with their fins 30 and 31 together form a second heat exchanger, which is located on the outside of the rear wall 11 of the refrigerator.
Oben auf dem Metallblock 18 ist mittels Schrauben 32 (Fig. 2) ein Gehäuse 33 befestigt, das eine elektrische Schaltungs¬ anordnung zum automatischen Regeln der Zufuhr elektrischer Energie zum bereits erwähnten Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elementes 19 enthält. In Fig. 3 ist die elektrische Schaltungsanordnung schematisch dargestellt und generell mit 34 bezeichnet. Die elektrische Schaltungsanordn<ung 34 weist einen elektro¬ nischen Spannungskomparator 35 mit zwei Eingängen 36 und 37 sowie einem Ausgang 38 auf. An den positiven Eingang 36 ist eine konstante Referenzspannung Ui angelegt, die mittels eines Bückengleichrichters 39 erzeugt, durch zwei Kondensatoren 40, 41 und einen Widerstand 42 geglättet, mittels eines Spannungs¬ stabilisators 43 auf einen konstanten Wert Uo stabilisiert und mit Hilfe eines Spannungsteilers 44, 45 auf den gewünschten Wert Ui reduziert wird. Der Brückengleichrichter 39 weist zwei Anschlussklemmen 46 und 47 auf, die über einen nicht darge¬ stellten Transformator an das Wechselstromnetz anzuschliessen sind.On top of the metal block 18, a housing 33 is fastened by means of screws 32 (FIG. 2), which contains an electrical circuit arrangement for automatically regulating the supply of electrical energy to the feed circuit of the Peltier element 19 already mentioned. In Fig. 3 the electrical circuit arrangement is shown schematically and generally designated 34. The electrical circuit arrangement 34 has an electronic voltage comparator 35 with two inputs 36 and 37 and an output 38. A constant reference voltage Ui is applied to the positive input 36, generated by means of a bridge rectifier 39, smoothed by two capacitors 40, 41 and a resistor 42, stabilized to a constant value Uo by means of a voltage stabilizer 43 and by means of a voltage divider 44, 45 is reduced to the desired value Ui. The bridge rectifier 39 has two connection terminals 46 and 47, which are to be connected to the AC network via a transformer (not shown).
Am negativen Eingang 37 des Spannungsko parators 35 liegt der Abgriff eines zweiten Spannungsteilers 48, 49, der die stabili¬ sierte Spannung Uo auf einen variablen Wert U2 vermindert. Dieser zweite Spannungsteiler besteht aus einem einstellbaren Festwiderstand 48 und einem variablen Widerstand 49, der einen ausgeprägten negativen Temperaturkoeffizienten (NTC) aufweist und als Temperaturfühler dient. Gemäss Fig. 2 ist der Wärmeleitblock 15 mit einer Bohrung 50 zur Aufnahme des variablen Widerstandes 49 versehen, der mit zwei Anschluss¬ klemmen 51, 52 der Schaltungsanordnung 34 in Verbindung steht. Ein Kondensator 53 dient der Unterdrückung von kurzzeitigen Schwankungen der variablen Spannung U2.At the negative input 37 of the voltage comparator 35 is the tap of a second voltage divider 48, 49, which reduces the stabilized voltage Uo to a variable value U2. This second voltage divider consists of an adjustable fixed resistor 48 and a variable resistor 49, which has a pronounced negative temperature coefficient (NTC) and serves as a temperature sensor. 2, the heat-conducting block 15 is provided with a bore 50 for receiving the variable resistor 49, which is connected to two connection terminals 51, 52 of the circuit arrangement 34. A capacitor 53 is used to suppress short-term fluctuations in the variable voltage U2.
Der Ausgang 38 des Spannungskomparators 35 ist über einen Schutzwiderstand 54 mit dem Steuereingang 55 eines elektro¬ nischen FET-Schalters 56 verbunden, der in den Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elementes 19 eingeschleift ist. Die Schaltungs¬ anordnung 34 weist zwei Klemmen 57 und 58 für den Anschluss des Peltiei—Elementes 19 auf. Bei durchgesteuertem Schalter 56 erfolgt die Speisung des Peltier- Elementes 19 unmittelbar mit der unstabilisierten Spannung aus dem Brückengleichrichter 39. Zwischen den beiden Anschlussklemmen 57 und 58 für das Peltier- Element 19 liegt eine Reihenschaltung aus einer Leuchtdiode 59 und einem zugehörigen Vorwiderstand 60. Zwischen dem Ausgang 38 des Spannungskomparators 35 und dem Pluspol der unstabilisier¬ ten Spannung des Brückengleichrichters 39 liegt ein Pull-up- Widerstand 61 , und mit Hilfe einer Zenerdiode 62 ist dafür gesorgt, dass die am Ausgang 38 des Komparators 35 und am Steuereingang 55 des elektronischen Schalters 56 liegende Spannung U3 keinesfalls einen unzulässig hohen Wert annehmen kann. Zwischen dem positiven Eingang 36 und dem Ausgang 38 des Spannungskomparators 35 liegt eine Reihenschaltung aus einem Widerstand 63 und einer Diode 64, um eine positive Rück¬ kopplung zu bewirken, wenn die Spannung U2 die Spannung Ui übersteigt.The output 38 of the voltage comparator 35 is via a Protective resistor 54 is connected to the control input 55 of an electronic FET switch 56, which is looped into the feed circuit of the Peltier element 19. The circuit arrangement 34 has two terminals 57 and 58 for connecting the Peltiei element 19. When the switch 56 is turned on, the Peltier element 19 is supplied directly with the unstabilized voltage from the bridge rectifier 39. Between the two connection terminals 57 and 58 for the Peltier element 19 there is a series connection of a light-emitting diode 59 and an associated series resistor 60 The output 38 of the voltage comparator 35 and the positive pole of the unstabilized voltage of the bridge rectifier 39 have a pull-up resistor 61, and a Zener diode 62 ensures that they are connected to the output 38 of the comparator 35 and to the control input 55 of the electronic switch 56 lying voltage U3 can in no way assume an impermissibly high value. Between the positive input 36 and the output 38 of the voltage comparator 35 there is a series connection of a resistor 63 and a diode 64 in order to bring about positive feedback when the voltage U2 exceeds the voltage Ui.
Die Wirkungsweise des beschriebenen Kühlagggregates ist kurz wie folgt:The operation of the cooling unit described is briefly as follows:
Es wird vorausgesetzt, dass an die Klemmen 46 und 47 eine Wechselspananung von z.B. 10 Volt angelegt ist. Wenn und solange die Temperatur im Innern des Kühlschrankes 10 einen mittels des Eisteilwiderstandes 48 in gewissen Grenzen wählbaren Wert von z.B. +60C übersteigt, hat der als Tempera¬ turfühler dienende variable Widerstand 49 einen verhältnis- mässig hohen Widerstandswert, so dass die variable Spannung U2 am negativen Eingang 37 des Spannungskomparators 35 die konstante Referenzspananung Ui am positiven Eingang 36 über¬ steigt. Am Steuereingang 55 des elektronischen Schalters 56 liegt dann folglich eine positive Spannung U3, durch welche der Schalter 56 in seinen leitenden Zustand gesteuert wird. Hiei— durch wird der Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elementes 19 geschlossen und letzteres veranlasst, Wärme vom Wärmetauscher 20, 23, 24 im Innern des Kühlschrankes zum Wärmetauscher 18, 28, 29, 30, 31 an der Aussenseite der Rückwand 11 des Kühl¬ schrankes zu pumpen. Dies bewirkt einen Wärmetransport vom Innern des Kühlschrankes nach aussen und eine Absenkung der Temperatur im Innern des Kühlschrankes. Parallel zum Speise¬ stromkreis des Peltier-Elementes 19 wird auch die Leuchtdiode 59 eingeschaltet, um den aktivierten Zustand des Kühlaggregates visuell anzuzeigen.It is assumed that an alternating voltage of, for example, 10 volts is applied to terminals 46 and 47. If and As long as the temperature inside the refrigerator 10 exceeds a value of, for example, + 60C which can be selected within certain limits by means of the ice part resistor 48, the variable resistor 49 serving as a temperature sensor has a relatively high resistance value, so that the variable voltage U 2 is at the negative Input 37 of voltage comparator 35 exceeds constant reference voltage Ui at positive input 36. Consequently, there is a positive voltage U3 at the control input 55 of the electronic switch 56, by means of which the switch 56 is controlled in its conductive state. This closes the feed circuit of the Peltier element 19 and causes the latter to heat from the heat exchanger 20, 23, 24 inside the refrigerator to the heat exchanger 18, 28, 29, 30, 31 on the outside of the rear wall 11 of the refrigerator pump. This causes a heat transfer from the inside of the refrigerator to the outside and a lowering of the temperature inside the refrigerator. Parallel to the feed circuit of the Peltier element 19, the light-emitting diode 59 is also switched on in order to visually indicate the activated state of the cooling unit.
Mit sinkender Temperatur im Kühlschrank wird der Widerstands¬ wert des als Temperaturfühler dienenden variablen Widerstandes 49 kleiner, was eine entsprechene Abnahme der variablen Span¬ nung U2 am negativen Eingang 37 des Spannungskomparators 35 zur Folge hat. Wenn die variable Spannung U2 den Wert der Referenz¬ spannung Ui unterschreitet wird die am Steuereingang 55 des elektronischen Schalters 56 liegende Spannung U3 schlagartig annähernd gleich null. Hierdurch wird der Schalter 56 in seinen nicht-leitenden oder sperrenden Zustand gesteuert und damit der Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elementes 19 unterbrochen. Das Kühlaggregat befindet sich dann in einem inaktiven Zustand, was durch Erlöschen der Leuchtdiode 59 visuell angezeigt wird.As the temperature in the refrigerator falls, the resistance value of the variable resistor 49 serving as a temperature sensor becomes smaller, which results in a corresponding decrease in the variable voltage U2 at the negative input 37 of the voltage comparator 35. If the variable voltage U2 falls below the value of the reference voltage Ui, that at the control input 55 of the electronic switch 56 lying voltage U3 suddenly almost zero. As a result, the switch 56 is controlled in its non-conductive or blocking state and thus the supply circuit of the Peltier element 19 is interrupted. The cooling unit is then in an inactive state, which is indicated visually by the LED 59 going out.
Bei erneutem Ansteigen der Temperatur im Innern des Kühl¬ schrankes wiederholt sich der beschriebene Zyklus. Es handelt sich somit um eine sogenannte Zweipunktregelung, die erlaubt, die Temperatur im Innern des Kühlschrankes auf etwa +/- 0,150C konstant zu halten. Das Ein- und Ausschalten des Speisestrom¬ kreises des Peltiei—Elementes 19 geschieht praktisch verlust¬ los, ohne überhöhte Leistungsspitzen beim Einschalten.When the temperature inside the refrigerator rises again, the cycle described is repeated. It is a so-called two-point control that allows the temperature inside the refrigerator to be kept constant at around +/- 0.150C. The supply current circuit of the Peltie element 19 is switched on and off practically without loss, without excessive power peaks when switched on.
Die Kühlleistung des Kühlaggregates liegt je nach der Tem¬ peraturdifferenz der beiden Wärmetauscher innen und aussen im Bereich von 5 bis 30 Watt. Bei entsprechender Einstellung des einstellbaren Widerstandes 48 ist es möglich, die Temperatur im Innern des Kühlschrankes bis auf etwa 20C zu senken, wenn die Aussentemperatur im Bereich der üblichen Wohnraumtemperatur liegt.The cooling capacity of the cooling unit is in the range from 5 to 30 watts, depending on the temperature difference between the two heat exchangers, inside and outside. With an appropriate setting of the adjustable resistor 48, it is possible to lower the temperature inside the refrigerator to about 20 ° C. if the outside temperature is in the range of the usual living room temperature.
Das beschriebene Kühlaggregat bedarf keiner Wartung und hat eine ausgesprochen lange Lebensdauer in der Grössenordnung von 150*000 Stunden oder mehr. The cooling unit described does not require any maintenance and has an extremely long lifespan in the order of 150 * 000 hours or more.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Kühlaggregat für einen Kühlschrank, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, dass mindestens ein thermoelektrisches Peltier- Element (19) einerseits mit einem im Innern des Kühlschrankes (10) anzuordnenden ersten Wärmetauscher (20, 23, 24) und anderseits mit einem an einer Aussenwand des Kühlschrankes (10) anzuordnenden zweiten Wärmetauscher (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) in wärmeleitender Verbindung steht, und dass der elektrische Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elements (19) mit einer elek¬ trischen Schaltungsanordnung (34) zur Regelung der Zufuhr elektrischer Energie verbunden ist, derart dass mittels des Peltier-Elementes (19) ein Wärmetransport vom ersten Wärme¬ tauscher (20, 23, 24) zum zweiten Wärmetauscher (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) ermöglicht ist.1. Cooling unit for a refrigerator, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that at least one thermoelectric Peltier element (19) on the one hand with a inside the refrigerator (10) to be arranged first heat exchanger (20, 23, 24) and on the other hand with one on an outer wall of the Refrigerator (10) to be arranged second heat exchanger (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) is in a heat-conducting connection, and that the electrical feed circuit of the Peltier element (19) has an electrical circuit arrangement (34) for regulating the supply of electrical energy is connected in such a way that the Peltier element (19) enables heat to be transferred from the first heat exchanger (20, 23, 24) to the second heat exchanger (18, 28, 29, 30, 31).
2. Kühlaggregat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Schaltungsanordnung (34) in Abhängigkeit von einem als Temperaturfühler dienenden Organ (49) steuerbar ist, das mit dem im Innern des Kühlschrankes (10) anzuordnenden ersten Wärmetauscher (20, 23, 24) in wärmeleitender Verbindung steht.2. Cooling unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical circuit arrangement (34) can be controlled as a function of an organ (49) serving as a temperature sensor, which is arranged with the first heat exchanger (20, 23, 24) to be arranged inside the refrigerator (10) ) is in a thermally conductive connection.
3. Kühlaggregat nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Schaltungsanordnung (34) einen elektro- • nischen Spannungskomparator (35) mit zwei Eingängen (36, 37) aufweist, an dessen einem Eingang (36) eine konstante Spannung (Ui ) liegt und an dessen anderem Eingang (37) eine variable, durch das als Temperaturfühler dienende Organ (49) beein¬ flussbare Spannung (U2) liegt, und dass ein Ausgang (38) des Spannungskomparators (35) mit dem Steuereingang (55) eines elektronischen Schalters (56) verbunden ist, der in den Speisestromkreis des Peltier-Elementes (19) eingeschleift ist.3. Cooling unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical circuit arrangement (34) is an electro- • Has a voltage comparator (35) with two inputs (36, 37), at one input (36) of which there is a constant voltage (Ui) and at the other input (37) is a variable one, by means of the organ (49) serving as a temperature sensor Influable voltage (U2), and that an output (38) of the voltage comparator (35) is connected to the control input (55) of an electronic switch (56) which is looped into the supply circuit of the Peltier element (19).
4. Kühlaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste (20, 23, 24) und der zweite Wärmetauscher (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) je einen mit dem Peltier- Element (19) wärmeleitend verbundenen Metallblock (20; 18) und mindestens ein mit Konvektionslamellen (24; 30, 31 ) versehenes Wärmerohr (23; 28, 29) aufweist, das mit einer seiner End¬ partien in einer Bohrung (22; 26, 27) des Metallblockes (20; 18) sitzt.4. Cooling unit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first (20, 23, 24) and the second heat exchanger (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) each with the Peltier element (19) thermally conductive connected metal block (20; 18) and at least one heat pipe (23; 28, 29) provided with convection fins (24; 30, 31), which has one of its end parts in a bore (22; 26, 27) of the metal block ( 20; 18) sits.
5. Verwendung mindestens eines thermoelektrischen Peltier- Elementes (19) als Wärmepumpe zwischen einem ersten Wärmetauscher (20, 23, 24) im Innern eines Kühlschrankes (10) und einem zweiten Wärmetauscher (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) an einer Aussenwand (11) des Kühlschrankes (10). 5. Use of at least one thermoelectric Peltier element (19) as a heat pump between a first heat exchanger (20, 23, 24) inside a refrigerator (10) and a second heat exchanger (18, 28, 29, 30, 31) on an outer wall (11) of the refrigerator (10).
PCT/CH1988/000228 1988-01-05 1988-12-27 Refrigerating unit for refrigerator WO1989006335A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR888807399A BR8807399A (en) 1988-01-05 1988-12-27 REFRIGERATION UNIT FOR REFRIGERATOR
AU27976/89A AU627705B2 (en) 1988-01-05 1988-12-27 Refrigerating unit for refrigerator
AT89900179T ATE83309T1 (en) 1988-01-05 1988-12-27 FRIDGE WITH THERMOELECTRIC ELEMENT.
DE8989900179T DE3876621D1 (en) 1988-01-05 1988-12-27 REFRIGERATOR WITH THERMOELECTRIC ELEMENT.
FI894038A FI894038A0 (en) 1988-01-05 1989-08-29 KYLANLAEGGNING FOER ETT KYL.
NO893534A NO170743C (en) 1988-01-05 1989-09-04 REFRIGERATOR REFRIGERATOR
DK437089A DK437089D0 (en) 1988-01-05 1989-09-04 REFRIGERATOR FOR A REFRIGERATOR

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH23/88-7 1988-01-05
CH23/88A CH675154A5 (en) 1988-01-05 1988-01-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989006335A1 true WO1989006335A1 (en) 1989-07-13

Family

ID=4177625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH1988/000228 WO1989006335A1 (en) 1988-01-05 1988-12-27 Refrigerating unit for refrigerator

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0350502B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02502846A (en)
AT (1) ATE83309T1 (en)
AU (1) AU627705B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8807399A (en)
CH (1) CH675154A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3876621D1 (en)
DK (1) DK437089D0 (en)
FI (1) FI894038A0 (en)
NO (1) NO170743C (en)
WO (1) WO1989006335A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0856137A1 (en) * 1995-10-17 1998-08-05 Marlow Industries, Inc. Thermoelectric device with evaporating/condensing heat exchanger

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08510600A (en) * 1993-05-25 1996-11-05 インダストリアル リサーチ リミテッド Peltier device

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2932953A (en) * 1955-08-12 1960-04-19 Gen Electric Co Ltd Thermoelectric cooling units
US2947150A (en) * 1958-02-21 1960-08-02 Whirlpool Co Refrigerating apparatus having improved heat transferring means
US2998707A (en) * 1960-03-22 1961-09-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Control apparatus and method for heat pumps
US3100969A (en) * 1960-08-03 1963-08-20 Thore M Elfving Thermoelectric refrigeration
US3123980A (en) * 1960-12-23 1964-03-10 figure
DE1174338B (en) * 1960-09-20 1964-07-23 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Block composed of several Peltier elements
FR2226627A1 (en) * 1973-04-18 1974-11-15 Electricite De France Peltier effect heat pump - has hot and cold faces coupled by heat exchangers protruding into chambers
FR2259330A1 (en) * 1974-01-25 1975-08-22 Novex Foreign Trade Co Ltd
FR2407447A1 (en) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-25 Lutard Francois Heat transfer system - has heat exchanger one each side of heat pump, or on one side only
EP0021307A1 (en) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-07 Robert Moracchioli Device for transferring heat between at least two heat sources such as to maintain them at different thermal levels
EP0027626A2 (en) * 1979-10-18 1981-04-29 Robert Moracchioli Device, panel and method for heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of an industrial or commercial locality
US4274262A (en) * 1980-03-21 1981-06-23 Koolatron Industries, Limited Thermoelectric jug cooler and control circuit
US4301658A (en) * 1979-12-11 1981-11-24 Koolatron Industries, Ltd. Control circuitry for thermoelectric cooler
US4364234A (en) * 1981-03-25 1982-12-21 Koolatron Industries, Ltd. Control circuitry for thermoelectric environmental chamber

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2998702A (en) * 1953-07-14 1961-09-05 Jr Everett J Hardgrave Ramjet diffuser

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2932953A (en) * 1955-08-12 1960-04-19 Gen Electric Co Ltd Thermoelectric cooling units
US2947150A (en) * 1958-02-21 1960-08-02 Whirlpool Co Refrigerating apparatus having improved heat transferring means
US2998707A (en) * 1960-03-22 1961-09-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Control apparatus and method for heat pumps
US3100969A (en) * 1960-08-03 1963-08-20 Thore M Elfving Thermoelectric refrigeration
DE1174338B (en) * 1960-09-20 1964-07-23 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Block composed of several Peltier elements
US3123980A (en) * 1960-12-23 1964-03-10 figure
FR2226627A1 (en) * 1973-04-18 1974-11-15 Electricite De France Peltier effect heat pump - has hot and cold faces coupled by heat exchangers protruding into chambers
FR2259330A1 (en) * 1974-01-25 1975-08-22 Novex Foreign Trade Co Ltd
FR2407447A1 (en) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-25 Lutard Francois Heat transfer system - has heat exchanger one each side of heat pump, or on one side only
EP0021307A1 (en) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-07 Robert Moracchioli Device for transferring heat between at least two heat sources such as to maintain them at different thermal levels
EP0027626A2 (en) * 1979-10-18 1981-04-29 Robert Moracchioli Device, panel and method for heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of an industrial or commercial locality
US4301658A (en) * 1979-12-11 1981-11-24 Koolatron Industries, Ltd. Control circuitry for thermoelectric cooler
US4274262A (en) * 1980-03-21 1981-06-23 Koolatron Industries, Limited Thermoelectric jug cooler and control circuit
US4364234A (en) * 1981-03-25 1982-12-21 Koolatron Industries, Ltd. Control circuitry for thermoelectric environmental chamber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0856137A1 (en) * 1995-10-17 1998-08-05 Marlow Industries, Inc. Thermoelectric device with evaporating/condensing heat exchanger
EP0856137A4 (en) * 1995-10-17 1998-11-25 Marlow Ind Inc Thermoelectric device with evaporating/condensing heat exchanger
US6003319A (en) * 1995-10-17 1999-12-21 Marlow Industries, Inc. Thermoelectric refrigerator with evaporating/condensing heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI894038A (en) 1989-08-29
AU627705B2 (en) 1992-09-03
JPH02502846A (en) 1990-09-06
EP0350502A1 (en) 1990-01-17
DK437089A (en) 1989-09-04
NO170743C (en) 1992-11-25
ATE83309T1 (en) 1992-12-15
NO893534D0 (en) 1989-09-04
AU2797689A (en) 1989-08-01
DE3876621D1 (en) 1993-01-21
EP0350502B1 (en) 1992-12-09
NO893534L (en) 1989-09-04
CH675154A5 (en) 1990-08-31
FI894038A0 (en) 1989-08-29
NO170743B (en) 1992-08-17
BR8807399A (en) 1990-05-08
DK437089D0 (en) 1989-09-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3633313C2 (en)
DE2919763C2 (en) Atomizing burners for oil firing systems
CH637203A5 (en) VALVE FOR REFRIGERANT EVAPORATOR.
DE2255736C3 (en) Electric heater
WO1991015717A1 (en) Sheathed-element glow plug for internal combustion engines
DE3735985A1 (en) HEAT-CONDUCTING MODULE FOR PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD ARRANGEMENT
EP1233650A1 (en) Hot air device
DE10209905B4 (en) Electric heater, in particular instantaneous water heater
DE1613606B1 (en) Thermal starting device for a single-phase asynchronous motor
WO1989006335A1 (en) Refrigerating unit for refrigerator
EP0338113B1 (en) Method for the adaptation of a 2-stage cryogenic pump to a specific gas
AT411126B (en) SEMICONDUCTOR MODULE
DE1604292A1 (en) Device for regulating the humidity in a climatic chamber and method for its operation
DE4409866C2 (en) Electric moisture sensor
DE1751717A1 (en) Cooling system, the evaporator of which is fed via an adjustable expansion valve
DE2153171A1 (en) Rectifier with temperature control
DE1764189A1 (en) Gas laser with stabilized gas pressure
DE3626116A1 (en) THERMOSTATIC CONTROL UNIT FOR HEATERS OR HEATING UNITS
DE3907179A1 (en) Device for heating a flowing medium, in particular water
DE10220682A1 (en) Arrangement for adjusting a valve
DE4334664A1 (en) Method for providing an excess temperature at radiators
DE715443C (en) Heat transfer device
DE2741186A1 (en) Circuit delaying application of voltage to lamp - has PTC resistor in parallel to load to cause supply volts to rise steadily across load after switch on
EP1635238B1 (en) Apparatus for operating a valve
DE3818729C2 (en) Electric space heater

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU BR DK FI JP KP NO US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU NL SE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1989900179

Country of ref document: EP

Ref document number: 894038

Country of ref document: FI

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1989900179

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1989900179

Country of ref document: EP