WO1994025315A1 - Inflator having a rupturable igniter tube - Google Patents

Inflator having a rupturable igniter tube Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994025315A1
WO1994025315A1 PCT/US1994/003839 US9403839W WO9425315A1 WO 1994025315 A1 WO1994025315 A1 WO 1994025315A1 US 9403839 W US9403839 W US 9403839W WO 9425315 A1 WO9425315 A1 WO 9425315A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
structural member
inflator
apertures
igniter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/003839
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Steven J. Anderson
Steven Kmenta
Bradley W. Nelson
Dennis W. Burnard
Original Assignee
Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. filed Critical Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc.
Publication of WO1994025315A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994025315A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R21/264—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic
    • B60R21/2644—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow using instantaneous generation of gas, e.g. pyrotechnic using only solid reacting substances, e.g. pellets, powder

Definitions

  • the combustion pressure of a propellant is related to ambient temperature and pressure conditions.
  • conventional airbag inflators are relatively thick walled due to the fact that wall thickness must be sized to contain the maximum gas pressure exhibited under the most adverse condition.
  • inflators incorporate an internal filter to prohibit solid and liquid combustion products from entering the restraint bag.
  • known filters generally comprise multiple layers of metal screen which are often combined with fibrous materials. Such known filters are relatively heavy, expensive to manufacture and exhibit inconsistent pressure attenuation.
  • a typical inflator comprises a cylindrical perforated steel or aluminum housing of a diameter and length related to the application and efficiency of the solid propellant.
  • one or more layers of steel screen of varying mesh and wire diameter are disposed about an internally disposed propellant so as to form sites upon which liquid combustion products condense and liquify and to trap solids produced incident to combustion. Gases produced in the combustion process pass through the screen.
  • Inflators heretofore known have utilized seals and multiple barriers to preclude bypass of liquids and solid materials between the periphery of the filter and the housing.
  • the solution to the problem of reducing airbag inflator size, weight, cost and efficiency, in accordance with the present invention, is predicated on the concept that it is possible to utilize a relatively small and light, thin walled inflator housing if the housing accommodates excessive combustion pressure by expansion, with a resultant volume increase and pressure decrease, rather than containment.
  • the filter is sized so as to be compressively sealed by the walls of the inflator housing upon assembly thereof, thereby accommodating the aforesaid expansion of the walls as well as eliminating heretofore required seals.
  • the present invention provides an improved inflator for an inflatable vehicle occupant restraint system comprising a housing having at least two spaced walls, a plurality of apertures in the housing for the discharge of combustion gases, a propellant in the housing, and a filter disposed between the propellant and the apertures in the housing, wherein the improvement comprises a cylindrical structural member extending between and welded to the spaced walls, respectively, of the housing for maintaining the spaced relationship therebetween upon the production of gas under relatively low pressure.
  • the structural member has a plurality of aligned relatively small closely spaced apertures extending circumferentially around the entire periphery thereof, and is rupturable upon the occurrence of a predetermined relatively higher gas pressure in the housing thereby permitting movement of the walls away from one another and expansion of the housing to increase the volume thereof and reduce the gas pressure therein.
  • An igniter is disposed internally within the structural member, wherein the plurality of apertures serve the dual purposes of venting a flame front generated by the igniter to the propellant and exhibiting a predetermined failure mode of the structural member.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view, similar to Fig. 1, of the inflator housing that has been expanded due to excessive internal pressure.
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of the inflator housing and filter prior to assembly.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken within the circle "4 11 of Fig. 1 showing the weld between the housing sections.
  • an inflator 10 in accordance with a preferred constructed embodiment of the present invention, comprises four major components, namely, a housing 12, a propellant 14, a filter 16, and an igniter 18.
  • the inflator housing 12 is formed by two dish-shaped sections 20 and 22 that are welded together in inverted nested relationship.
  • the lower housing portion 22 contains a plurality of apertures 24 for the discharge of gas produced by the propellant 14 into an airbag, not shown.
  • the housing 12 is provided with a centrally disposed igniter support tube 30 having a flared lower end portion 31 that is spin or laser welded as at 32, to a complementary boss 34 in the lower housing 22.
  • the igniter tube 30 supports the igniter 18 internally thereof, an upper edge portion 36 of the tube being rolled over a retainer ring 37 to trap the igniter 18.
  • the tube 30 is welded to the upper housing 20 by an annular laser weld 38.
  • the end of the igniter tube 30 is flared and the wall 34 of the inflator housing portion 22 is raised in the adjoining region to increase the weld interface thus increasing the weld strength. This configuration also reduces the bending movement on the weld joint 32 itself.
  • the inflator housing portion 20 is axially depressed to provide clearance for the end 36 of the initiator tube 30 to be crimped over the retainer ring 37 to retain the initiator tube 30 while keeping the inflator height to a minimum yet keeping the filter height to a maximum.
  • the igniter tube 30 is provided with a plurality of apertures 40 disposed in a circumferential array at a point underlying the igniter 18.
  • the apertures 40 serve the dual purpose of initially passing a flame front from the igniter 18 to the propellant 14 and, in the event of excessive predetermined gas pressure developed within the inflator 10 due to, for example, extremely hot ambient temperature conditions, facilitating rupture of the tube 30 at the apertures 40 to permit axial expansion of the radial wall portions 42 and 44 of the housing portions 20 and 22, respectively, away from one another as seen in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Expansion of the housing 12 increases the volume thereof reducing internal pressure to a safe level.
  • the housing can be manufactured from a relatively thin, light material, for example steel or aluminum.
  • a wad 50 is disposed above the propellant pellets 14 to preclude excessive movement of the pellets.
  • the wad 50 is held in place by a combination wad retainer and heat shield 52 that is crimped between the igniter tube 30 and a propellant retainer sleeve 60.
  • the retainer sleeve 60 has a plurality of apertures 62 therein for the passage of gas generated by the propellant 14 radially outwardly therethrough.
  • the perforated filter support tube 60 acts dually as a filter assembly locator during manufacturing and as a precipitation element to reduce particulate emission during operation.
  • the rolled ends of the perforated tube 60 locate the tube 60 and filter 16 in the housing 10 during assembly.
  • the filter 16 comprises a fine wire mesh annulus that is resiliently axially compressed between the housing portions 20 and 22 upon assembly thereof. Compression of the filter 16 eliminates the requirement for seals at the longitudinal ends thereof to preclude propellant gas bypass.
  • the filter 16 is radially retained by a relatively heavy wire screen 80 that accommodates radial expansion of the filter element 16 due to longitudinal compression upon assembly of the housing components 20 and 22.
  • the annular resiliently compressible filter 16 made from, for example, fine wire mesh manufactured by Metex Corporation, is used to eliminate the necessity of seals to prevent filter bypass. It is to be noted that initial compression of the filter 16 is greater than maximum expansion of the inflator housing 12 at maximum expected operating pressure.
  • the upper and lower portions 20 and 22, respectively, of the inflator housing 12 are welded to one another by a laser or electron beam welding process that produces a weld 90 of relatively large axial dimension but of minimum radial dimension.
  • the weld 90 extends longitudinally substantially parallel to the central axis of the inflator 10 thereby to provide a relatively long weld interface between the housing portions 20 and 22.
  • Hoop strength of the housing 12 is maximized at the outer periphery thereof by the nested and welded portions 20 and 22 of the housing 12 thereby eliminating a primary failure mode.
  • heat flux into the surrounding metal is minimized by utilizing a laser or electron beam weld, so as to eliminate cooking of the internal components of the inflator 10.
  • the inflator of the present invention utilizes the concept of expansion of the inflator housing as combustion gas pressure increases above undesirable levels, for example, to twice maximum expected operating pressure, to reduce such pressure internally of the housing. Expansion is facilitated by a designed in failure of the igniter support tube 30.
  • the igniter tube 30 fails along flame discharge orifices 40 therein. This failure mode eliminates external discharge of excessively hot gases.

Abstract

An inflator (10) for an inflatable vehicle occupant restraint system includes a housing (12) having at least two spaced walls (20 and 22) that are connected by a structural member (30) that normally maintains the spaced relationship. The structural member (30) serves as an igniter tube for supporting an igniter (18) therein, and is rupturable upon the occurrence of relatively high gas pressures internally of the housing to permit expansion of the housing (12) to increase its volume and reduce the gas pressure therein.

Description

INF ATOR HAVING A RϋPTϋRABLE IGNITER TUBE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is now apparent that inflatable vehicle occupant restraint devices, generally known as "airbags," save lives. Increased utilization of this life saving product has accentuated the search for a smaller, lighter, less expensive inflatable restraint system. Since the inflator used in such inflatable occupant restraint systems is the largest, heaviest and one of the most expensive components of the system, it is now receiving close attention.
The combustion pressure of a propellant is related to ambient temperature and pressure conditions. Thus, conventional airbag inflators are relatively thick walled due to the fact that wall thickness must be sized to contain the maximum gas pressure exhibited under the most adverse condition.
Conventional inflators incorporate an internal filter to prohibit solid and liquid combustion products from entering the restraint bag. To properly filter the combustion gases, known filters generally comprise multiple layers of metal screen which are often combined with fibrous materials. Such known filters are relatively heavy, expensive to manufacture and exhibit inconsistent pressure attenuation.
A typical inflator comprises a cylindrical perforated steel or aluminum housing of a diameter and length related to the application and efficiency of the solid propellant. Typically, one or more layers of steel screen of varying mesh and wire diameter are disposed about an internally disposed propellant so as to form sites upon which liquid combustion products condense and liquify and to trap solids produced incident to combustion. Gases produced in the combustion process pass through the screen. Inflators heretofore known have utilized seals and multiple barriers to preclude bypass of liquids and solid materials between the periphery of the filter and the housing. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The solution to the problem of reducing airbag inflator size, weight, cost and efficiency, in accordance with the present invention, is predicated on the concept that it is possible to utilize a relatively small and light, thin walled inflator housing if the housing accommodates excessive combustion pressure by expansion, with a resultant volume increase and pressure decrease, rather than containment. To preclude bypassing of combustion products, the filter is sized so as to be compressively sealed by the walls of the inflator housing upon assembly thereof, thereby accommodating the aforesaid expansion of the walls as well as eliminating heretofore required seals.
Further stated, the present invention provides an improved inflator for an inflatable vehicle occupant restraint system comprising a housing having at least two spaced walls, a plurality of apertures in the housing for the discharge of combustion gases, a propellant in the housing, and a filter disposed between the propellant and the apertures in the housing, wherein the improvement comprises a cylindrical structural member extending between and welded to the spaced walls, respectively, of the housing for maintaining the spaced relationship therebetween upon the production of gas under relatively low pressure. The structural member has a plurality of aligned relatively small closely spaced apertures extending circumferentially around the entire periphery thereof, and is rupturable upon the occurrence of a predetermined relatively higher gas pressure in the housing thereby permitting movement of the walls away from one another and expansion of the housing to increase the volume thereof and reduce the gas pressure therein. An igniter is disposed internally within the structural member, wherein the plurality of apertures serve the dual purposes of venting a flame front generated by the igniter to the propellant and exhibiting a predetermined failure mode of the structural member. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an inflator in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view, similar to Fig. 1, of the inflator housing that has been expanded due to excessive internal pressure.
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of the inflator housing and filter prior to assembly.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken within the circle "411 of Fig. 1 showing the weld between the housing sections.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)
As seen in Fig. 1 of the drawing, an inflator 10, in accordance with a preferred constructed embodiment of the present invention, comprises four major components, namely, a housing 12, a propellant 14, a filter 16, and an igniter 18.
The inflator housing 12 is formed by two dish-shaped sections 20 and 22 that are welded together in inverted nested relationship. The lower housing portion 22 contains a plurality of apertures 24 for the discharge of gas produced by the propellant 14 into an airbag, not shown.
In accordance with one feature of the present invention, the housing 12 is provided with a centrally disposed igniter support tube 30 having a flared lower end portion 31 that is spin or laser welded as at 32, to a complementary boss 34 in the lower housing 22. The igniter tube 30 supports the igniter 18 internally thereof, an upper edge portion 36 of the tube being rolled over a retainer ring 37 to trap the igniter 18. The tube 30 is welded to the upper housing 20 by an annular laser weld 38.
The end of the igniter tube 30 is flared and the wall 34 of the inflator housing portion 22 is raised in the adjoining region to increase the weld interface thus increasing the weld strength. This configuration also reduces the bending movement on the weld joint 32 itself. At the opposite end of the igniter tube 30, the inflator housing portion 20 is axially depressed to provide clearance for the end 36 of the initiator tube 30 to be crimped over the retainer ring 37 to retain the initiator tube 30 while keeping the inflator height to a minimum yet keeping the filter height to a maximum.
In accordance with another feature of the present invention the igniter tube 30 is provided with a plurality of apertures 40 disposed in a circumferential array at a point underlying the igniter 18. The apertures 40 serve the dual purpose of initially passing a flame front from the igniter 18 to the propellant 14 and, in the event of excessive predetermined gas pressure developed within the inflator 10 due to, for example, extremely hot ambient temperature conditions, facilitating rupture of the tube 30 at the apertures 40 to permit axial expansion of the radial wall portions 42 and 44 of the housing portions 20 and 22, respectively, away from one another as seen in Fig. 2 of the drawings. Expansion of the housing 12 increases the volume thereof reducing internal pressure to a safe level. Accordingly, the housing can be manufactured from a relatively thin, light material, for example steel or aluminum.. As seen in Fig. 1, a wad 50 is disposed above the propellant pellets 14 to preclude excessive movement of the pellets. The wad 50 is held in place by a combination wad retainer and heat shield 52 that is crimped between the igniter tube 30 and a propellant retainer sleeve 60. The retainer sleeve 60 has a plurality of apertures 62 therein for the passage of gas generated by the propellant 14 radially outwardly therethrough.
The perforated filter support tube 60 acts dually as a filter assembly locator during manufacturing and as a precipitation element to reduce particulate emission during operation. The rolled ends of the perforated tube 60 locate the tube 60 and filter 16 in the housing 10 during assembly.
Assembly is also facilitated by the welding shield 52 that is press fit on the central igniter tube 30 so as to act as an assembly to hold the wad 50 and propellant 14 in place during manufacture as the inflator 10. In accordance with another feature of the present invention, the filter 16 comprises a fine wire mesh annulus that is resiliently axially compressed between the housing portions 20 and 22 upon assembly thereof. Compression of the filter 16 eliminates the requirement for seals at the longitudinal ends thereof to preclude propellant gas bypass. The filter 16 is radially retained by a relatively heavy wire screen 80 that accommodates radial expansion of the filter element 16 due to longitudinal compression upon assembly of the housing components 20 and 22.
The annular resiliently compressible filter 16 made from, for example, fine wire mesh manufactured by Metex Corporation, is used to eliminate the necessity of seals to prevent filter bypass. It is to be noted that initial compression of the filter 16 is greater than maximum expansion of the inflator housing 12 at maximum expected operating pressure.
In accordance with yet another feature of the invention, the upper and lower portions 20 and 22, respectively, of the inflator housing 12 are welded to one another by a laser or electron beam welding process that produces a weld 90 of relatively large axial dimension but of minimum radial dimension. The weld 90 extends longitudinally substantially parallel to the central axis of the inflator 10 thereby to provide a relatively long weld interface between the housing portions 20 and 22. Hoop strength of the housing 12 is maximized at the outer periphery thereof by the nested and welded portions 20 and 22 of the housing 12 thereby eliminating a primary failure mode. Moreover, heat flux into the surrounding metal is minimized by utilizing a laser or electron beam weld, so as to eliminate cooking of the internal components of the inflator 10.
From the foregoing it should be apparent that the inflator of the present invention utilizes the concept of expansion of the inflator housing as combustion gas pressure increases above undesirable levels, for example, to twice maximum expected operating pressure, to reduce such pressure internally of the housing. Expansion is facilitated by a designed in failure of the igniter support tube 30. The igniter tube 30 fails along flame discharge orifices 40 therein. This failure mode eliminates external discharge of excessively hot gases.
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been disclosed, it should be appreciated that the invention is susceptible of modification without departing from the scope of the following claims.

Claims

WE CLAIM: 1. In an inflator for an inflatable vehicle occupant restraint system comprising a housing having at least two spaced walls, a plurality of apertures in said housing for the discharge of combustion gases, a propellant in said housing, and a filter disposed between said propellant and the apertures in said housing, the improvement comprising: a cylindrical structural member extending between and welded to the spaced walls, respectively, of said housing for maintaining the spaced relationship therebetween upon the production of gas under relatively low pressure, said structural member having a plurality of aligned relatively small closely spaced apertures extending circumferentially around the entire periphery thereof and being rupturable upon the occurrence of a predetermined relatively higher gas pressure in said housing thereby to permit movement of said walls away from one another and expansion of said housing to increase the volume thereof and reduce the gas pressure therein; and an igniter disposed internally of said structural member, the apertures in said structural member serving the dual purposes of venting a flame front generated by said igniter to said propellant and exhibiting a predetermined failure mode of said structural member.
PCT/US1994/003839 1993-04-29 1994-04-07 Inflator having a rupturable igniter tube WO1994025315A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US5460193A 1993-04-29 1993-04-29
US08/054,601 1993-04-29

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Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19603787A1 (en) * 1995-02-02 1996-08-08 Trw Inc Side impact airbag inflator
EP0748724A1 (en) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-18 Morton International, Inc. Air bag filter and seal arrangement
DE19650796A1 (en) * 1995-12-08 1997-06-12 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Inflator and a method and apparatus for recognizing an unactuated state / actuated state of the inflator
EP0779187A3 (en) * 1995-12-13 1997-10-15 Morton Int Inc Self-contained inflator pyrotechnic initiator
EP0800964A2 (en) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-15 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. An airbag inflator and an airbag apparatus
EP0896912A1 (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-17 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generator for air bag and air bag system
EP0896911A1 (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-17 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Cushion for air bag gas generator
US5951040A (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-09-14 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US5984352A (en) * 1999-04-26 1999-11-16 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6142515A (en) * 1999-03-05 2000-11-07 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with heat sink and retainer
US6227565B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2001-05-08 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6257617B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2001-07-10 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6290256B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2001-09-18 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6315322B1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2001-11-13 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator
US6364353B2 (en) 1999-06-07 2002-04-02 Trw Inc. Dual stage air bag inflator
JP2002283948A (en) * 2001-03-23 2002-10-03 Takata Corp Gas generator
US6491321B1 (en) 1999-02-16 2002-12-10 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Multistage gas generator for air bag and air bag apparatus
US6540256B2 (en) * 1997-12-26 2003-04-01 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag gas generator and an airbag apparatus
US6543805B2 (en) 1999-03-05 2003-04-08 Trw Inc. Dual stage air bag inflator
US6701849B2 (en) 1999-03-05 2004-03-09 Trw Inc. Dual stage air bag inflator with secondary propellant cap
DE102007048735A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2009-04-09 Takata-Petri Ag Gas generator for airbag module, has ignition device provided for ignition of propellant, and chambers separated from each other such that no parts of propellant end up at end of pipe before ignition of propellant in one of chambers
DE102007060451A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Takata-Petri Ag Gas generator for air bag module for vehicle occupant restraint system, has gas generator housing, in which chamber for receiving propellant for igniting main gas set in another chamber
DE102008019863A1 (en) * 2008-04-16 2009-11-05 Takata-Petri Ag Gas generator for air bag module for vehicle occupant restraint system, has gas generator housing, in which chamber for receiving propellant for igniting main gas set in another chamber
WO2010082682A1 (en) * 2009-01-15 2010-07-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generator for restraining device of vehicle
US8276521B2 (en) 2007-10-05 2012-10-02 Takata AG Gas generator for an airbag module
US8424908B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2013-04-23 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generator for restraining device of vehicle
US8424909B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2013-04-23 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generator for restraining device of vehicle
WO2013061717A1 (en) 2011-10-24 2013-05-02 Daicel Corporation Gas generator for restraining device
US8434783B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2013-05-07 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generator for restraining device of vehicle
CN104245436A (en) * 2012-04-23 2014-12-24 株式会社大赛璐 Gas generator
WO2020093844A1 (en) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-14 延锋汽车智能安全系统有限责任公司 Gas generator and inflatable safety device
WO2022239727A1 (en) * 2021-05-13 2022-11-17 日本化薬株式会社 Gas generator

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Cited By (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19603787A1 (en) * 1995-02-02 1996-08-08 Trw Inc Side impact airbag inflator
EP0748724A1 (en) * 1995-06-12 1996-12-18 Morton International, Inc. Air bag filter and seal arrangement
DE19650796A1 (en) * 1995-12-08 1997-06-12 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Inflator and a method and apparatus for recognizing an unactuated state / actuated state of the inflator
EP0779187A3 (en) * 1995-12-13 1997-10-15 Morton Int Inc Self-contained inflator pyrotechnic initiator
EP0800964A2 (en) * 1996-04-08 1997-10-15 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. An airbag inflator and an airbag apparatus
EP0800964A3 (en) * 1996-04-08 1997-12-17 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. An airbag inflator and an airbag apparatus
EP1364845A3 (en) * 1996-04-08 2005-07-06 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag inflator and airbag apparatus
US6695345B2 (en) 1996-04-08 2004-02-24 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag inflator and an airbag apparatus
EP1364845A2 (en) * 1996-04-08 2003-11-26 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag inflator and airbag apparatus
EP1074437A3 (en) * 1996-04-08 2001-04-04 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. An airbag inflator
US6409214B2 (en) 1996-04-08 2002-06-25 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag inflator and an airbag apparatus
US6234521B1 (en) 1996-04-08 2001-05-22 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag inflator and an airbag apparatus
EP1074437A2 (en) * 1996-04-08 2001-02-07 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. An airbag inflator
US6196581B1 (en) 1996-04-08 2001-03-06 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag inflator and an airbag apparatus
US5951040A (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-09-14 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
DE19812221B4 (en) * 1997-03-19 2005-08-18 Trw Inc., Lyndhurst Airbag inflator with pressure regulation
US6129381A (en) * 1997-08-12 2000-10-10 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas Generator for air bag and air bag system
US6231080B1 (en) 1997-08-12 2001-05-15 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generator for air bag and air bag system
EP0896912A1 (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-17 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Gas generator for air bag and air bag system
EP0896911A1 (en) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-17 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Cushion for air bag gas generator
US6334245B2 (en) 1997-08-12 2002-01-01 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Method of making gas generator for air bag and air bag system
US6540256B2 (en) * 1997-12-26 2003-04-01 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Airbag gas generator and an airbag apparatus
US6491321B1 (en) 1999-02-16 2002-12-10 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Multistage gas generator for air bag and air bag apparatus
US6290256B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2001-09-18 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6227565B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2001-05-08 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6257617B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2001-07-10 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6315322B1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2001-11-13 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator
US6543805B2 (en) 1999-03-05 2003-04-08 Trw Inc. Dual stage air bag inflator
US6701849B2 (en) 1999-03-05 2004-03-09 Trw Inc. Dual stage air bag inflator with secondary propellant cap
US6142515A (en) * 1999-03-05 2000-11-07 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with heat sink and retainer
US5984352A (en) * 1999-04-26 1999-11-16 Trw Inc. Air bag inflator with pressure regulation
US6364353B2 (en) 1999-06-07 2002-04-02 Trw Inc. Dual stage air bag inflator
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