WO2000022767A1 - Transmitter-receiver for data signals, system for transmitting data signals, device for assembly in a transmitter-receiver and synchronization method - Google Patents
Transmitter-receiver for data signals, system for transmitting data signals, device for assembly in a transmitter-receiver and synchronization method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000022767A1 WO2000022767A1 PCT/EP1999/007849 EP9907849W WO0022767A1 WO 2000022767 A1 WO2000022767 A1 WO 2000022767A1 EP 9907849 W EP9907849 W EP 9907849W WO 0022767 A1 WO0022767 A1 WO 0022767A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- transmitter
- clock
- receiver
- data
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/7143—Arrangements for generation of hop patterns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/7156—Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
- H04K1/00—Secret communication
- H04K1/003—Secret communication by varying carrier frequency at or within predetermined or random intervals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/7156—Arrangements for sequence synchronisation
- H04B2001/71566—Tracking
Definitions
- Transceiver for data signals, system for the transmission of data signals.
- Device for installation in a transceiver and synchronization method for installation in a transceiver and synchronization method
- the invention relates to a transceiver for data signals, in particular data radio signals.
- data signals includes any type of signal, the data
- Contain for example audio, video or computer data, but also control data and the like.
- transceiver means a device that is suitable for both sending and receiving data signals.
- transceiver An example of a transceiver is a CB radio device.
- the invention is applicable to all devices suitable for receiving and sending data.
- the advantages of the invention are particularly clearly expressed in the case of radio data transmission, but the invention is also suitable for transmission via wired channels.
- transmission link accordingly includes, for example, a group of radio channels / frequencies, but also a group of channels in a network-connected transmission system.
- Channel is specifically intended to address a specific frequency band from a plurality of frequency bands. In principle, however, it is also possible within the scope of the invention to implement individual channels of a transmission link through associated time windows in a predetermined time grid.
- the invention is implemented in particular as a discrete device which can be installed in existing, conventional transceivers in order to process the transmit signals and / or receive signals.
- the invention thus provides a data transfer device with which devices used for data transfer can be equipped, for example to secure the transfer against "eavesdropping".
- the invention can be explained specifically using the example of CB radio.
- a disadvantage of current radio transmissions is the ease of eavesdropping and data recording, for which a transceiver simply has to connect to the channel through which two transceivers communicate with one another.
- the encryption of the transmission data by cryptographic measures is relatively complex, the data can be recorded, i.e. be recorded and later decrypted.
- the change of available channels of a transmission path during a transmission process is known in a special embodiment as frequency hopping. So shows at
- Example DE 27 47 454 Cl a message transmission system with frequency hopping.
- the message (data) to be transmitted is modulated in sections with different carrier frequencies, with the cyclically changing sequence of carrier frequencies being programmed according to a predetermined protocol.
- the frequency hopping method offers the advantage, among other things, that a relatively high level of security against eavesdropping is achieved. So that the receiver can completely receive the message sent by the sender, the receiver must follow the frequency hops synchronously with the transmission process. The synchronization of transmitter and receiver requires a considerable amount of effort.
- One possibility is the so-called "handshake method", in which the transmitter and receiver initially exchange synchronization signals in preparation for the transmission of a message, and then start the actual message transmission after synchronization has taken place. Both the initiation of the message transmission and the message transmission itself follow a fixed protocol. It is known to reserve a separate channel for the purpose of synchronization (US-A-5 502 722).
- the invention has for its object to provide a device in which a secure data transmission with quick and easy synchronization of transmitter and receiver is possible with simple means.
- a simple and secure synchronization procedure should be specified.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in a transceiver for data signals which has the following features:
- a transmission part which processes input data for transmission over a transmission link which contains a plurality of channels
- a receiving part which receives signals from each of the channels and processes them into output data
- a channel change sequence program part in which a plurality of predetermined channel change sequences are programmed, a predetermined channel change sequence being the transceiver
- a channel selection device which controls the channel switching device in accordance with a predetermined channel change sequence
- a clock device for operating the channel selection device, the clock device being synchronized by a public time signal (radio clock) in order to synchronize the channel change between a transmitting and a receiving transceiver with the aid of the public time signal.
- a public time signal radio clock
- the transmitting part prepares the data coming from a data signal source, for example audio data, for radiation via an antenna.
- the data signals processed in this way have a specific one
- Transmission frequency corresponding to a specific channel.
- the channel switching device ensures a constantly changing selection of a channel from the crowd available channels.
- the clock generator supplies the clock, the frequency of which determines how quickly the change between the different channels takes place.
- the special sequence of channel changes is unique and identical for a connection between two or more participants.
- the clock device provides the synchronizing signals derived from the public time signal.
- each transceiver is equipped with a special germ number, this identification number being uniquely linked to a special channel change sequence, i.e. in particular frequency change sequence.
- each transceiver i.e. In particular in the data transfer device according to the invention built into the transceiver, the information about this link is contained for all transceivers, e.g. stored in an EPROM.
- a device in standby mode cyclically executes the channel change sequence belonging to it.
- the channel change sequence associated with the selected identification number is set in the sending device.
- the clock device synchronizes the channel change sequence in the sending device.
- the switchover is typically in the order of 1 MHz, which means a dwell time of approx. 1
- Microsecond within a channel The synchronization takes place with the help of the public time signal, so it can be reached quickly and easily.
- the recipient called by a sending device confirms this
- Select and the sending device synchronizes with the receiver. Since only these two devices work synchronously in the sequence of changing the channel that is specific to this connection and only remain relatively short in the respective channel, on the one hand a backup of the transmitted data signals reached, and on the other hand it is avoided that a stronger signal can break the connection.
- the two devices communicating with each other can be perfectly synchronized, for which the minute and second basic clock signals of the public time signal can be used, which is identical and synchronous worldwide. Any synchronization signals can be derived from this time signal.
- the system according to the invention for the transmission of data signals contains a number of transceivers, each of which is designed according to the invention and has a unique identification number.
- This identification number defines the channel change sequence with which this device communicates with another device, specifically as a receiving device, that is to say as a device which is selected by another device.
- the identification number sent by a sending device also defines the predetermined channel change sequence in the sending device itself. This means that other participants are excluded from participating in the data transmission. An attempt by another participant to dial into the ongoing "conversation" is very highly impossible, since the time synchronization of the two participants is unknown to outsiders.
- the synchronization of the ongoing data transmission is temporarily stopped and restarted after a pause, so that another participant can switch on at the start.
- the special type of the, in particular cyclical, channel change sequence can be stored in the program part. But you can also use an algorithm to determine the channel change sequence from the identification number.
- the invention also provides a device suitable for retrofitting, which - in adaptation to the respective transmission device - ensures a certain permanent channel change during a data transmission, synchronized with one or more receivers.
- the invention provides a data transfer device for installation in a data transmission device which sends data to another device via one of a given number of channels, in particular frequency channels, and / or receives data from the other device, comprising the following features:
- a channel change sequence program part in which a plurality of predetermined channel change sequences are programmed, a predetermined channel change sequence being assigned to the data transfer device,
- a channel selection device which controls the channel switching device in accordance with one of the predetermined channel change sequences
- the clock device is synchronized by a public time signal (radio clock).
- the invention also provides a method for synchronizing the transmit / receive operation between a transmitter and a receiver, which are connected to cyclically changing channels via a transmission link, comprising the following steps:
- the transmitter (A) selects a desired receiver (B),
- Transmitter and receiver are synchronized by the time signal or a signal derived from it, in that the channel change cycle for a previously defined channel is started synchronously with the time signal both in the transmitter and in the receiver.
- Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a transceiver with a device designed as an additional device for automatic and constant changing of the transmission channels.
- Figure 2 shows schematically the establishment of a connection between two transceivers.
- FIG. 3 shows the operation of a transmitter and a receiver according to the invention in comparison in the form of a flow chart.
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a channel selector.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an additional part for a transceiver shown at the bottom right in FIG. 1.
- the transceiver contains a data radio device 2 known per se, which is equipped with an additional part 1 according to the invention for securing the transmission of the data signals.
- the additional part 1 forms a data transfer device that can be installed for installation in any devices used for data transmission.
- the data radio is selected here only as an example to explain the invention.
- the invention is used for all devices which are able to send and receive data, the transmission taking place over one of several possible channels.
- the additional part 1 can also be integrated in the transceiver 2.
- a data signal source 4 for example an LF part connected to a microphone, supplies data signals to a signal conditioning circuit 6 via a channel switch 10.
- the signal conditioning circuit 6 modulates the data signals in order to prepare them for radiation via an antenna 8.
- the channel switch 10 is designed as a manual selector switch, with the aid of which one of the available channels can be selected.
- Receiving data is similar to sending data.
- the received signals coming via the antenna 8 are demodulated, amplified, etc. in a signal processing circuit 12 and then passed via the channel switch to a data signal sink 14, which is shown here in general and to which, for example, a loudspeaker 16 is connected.
- a data signal sink 14 which is shown here in general and to which, for example, a loudspeaker 16 is connected.
- the additional part 1 shown at the bottom right of the figure serves for the rapid and permanent switching of the respective "active" channel in the channel switch 10.
- a channel selection device 20 is connected to the channel switch 10, which in turn is controlled by a channel change program part 22.
- the program part 22 contains one
- a transmitting device and a receiving device are synchronized in time with the aid of a clock generator, which contains a time signal generator 24 and a clock generator 26.
- the time signal generator 24 receives the public time signal (in Germany the signal DCF 77) via an antenna 25 and forms a second clock signal s and a minute clock signal m therefrom.
- the second clock signal s is applied to a clock generator 26 which, synchronized with the second clock signal s, generates a rapid pulse train, in the present case a pulse train with a frequency of 1 MHz.
- a large number of channel change sequences are stored in the program part for the channel change sequence, 22.
- a subscriber of the CB radio system wants to speak to another subscriber with a transceiver of the type shown in the figure, he types in the identification number of the recipient using a keyboard (not shown).
- a corresponding code goes to the signal processing circuit via the signal source 4 and the channel switch.
- the called receiver which has the same device as that shown in the figure, is in the ready state, ie it receives the call signal via the antenna 8, which is processed via the signal conditioning circuit 12 and the channel switch 10, so that then the call is recognized.
- the channel change sequence associated with the selected identification number is set in the sending device. In order to be able to communicate with the selected device, the sending device must synchronize with the receiving device.
- the program part 22 outputs a specific data word into the channel selection circuit 20, this data word representing a channel change sequence specific to the identification number. It is also specified in advance in which channel the synchronization should start.
- appropriate circuitry measures in the devices for a short period of time record the channel at which the synchronization is to begin. After this period, the transmitter and receiver work with a synchronous, identical channel change sequence.
- the clock generator 26 can give a high-frequency signal (1 MHz) to the channel selection circuit 20, which then outputs a corresponding control signal to the channel switch 10. The data is then switched between the different channels in an identical manner both in the transmitting and in the receiving device. Since only these two devices work synchronously with this specific sequence of channel changes, all other devices are excluded from communication.
- the channel selection circuit 20 can be, for example, a register in which a specific pattern is stored with each clock, which pattern identifies the selected channel.
- the content of the shift register can be stored in a memory (EPROM).
- EPROM programmable read-only memory
- this algorithm processing the identification number for the channel change sequence.
- Figure 2 shows the simplified case of a system with five channels 1, 2 ... 5 and a clock cycle comprising 4 clocks.
- 2a shows the cyclical change of channels 1, 3, 5, 2, 1, 3, 5 ... of a device 1, which is called by a device 2.
- an "initial signal" is set for synchronization, here channel "3".
- the device 2 waits for the next agreed time cycle, for example the second cycle of the public time signal. Then comes this second cycle, t2, the channel change sequence begins in device 2.
- both devices now work completely identical in terms of channel selection. Accordingly, both devices can also be a "window" for others
- Open data devices For this, e.g. a defined channel is held for several seconds, e.g. in sync with the minute. During this time, other participants can dial in.
- All subscriber devices At the end of the "window”, all subscriber devices start to work with identical synchronous channel change sequences. Opening the "window”, i.e. holding a specific channel in e.g. time interval lasting a few seconds can be done with a special key.
- circuit parts described above and shown in the drawing can be produced in a manner known to those skilled in the art using commercially available components.
- the additional part 1 in Figure 1 can also be integrated into a data transmission device.
- a transmitter A would like to communicate with a receiver B.
- the transmitter A sends the identification number of the desired target device B (step SA1). By selecting the device
- the channel change sequence of the device B stored in the device is automatically set in the transmitting device A (step SA2).
- the receiving device B is in the standby state. This means that it cycles through (ready to receive) the special, unique channel change sequence for device B (step SB1). If the call is received by device A on device B (step SB2), device B sends a confirmation signal to device A.
- this confirmation is awaited by device B (waiting loop SA3). After receiving the confirmation, the channel change sequence is stopped on a predetermined channel. Then, the synchronous clock is waited for in step SA5. The synchronous clock occurs in transmitter A at the same time as in device B, namely at the start channel of the channel change cycle.
- step SA6 the channel change cycle is started after receipt of the synchronous clock signal.
- the same channel change sequence is now cycled through both in the transmitting device A and in the receiving device B, exactly synchronously, so that a data exchange between the two devices is possible (step SA6 and step SB3).
- FIG. 4 shows a functional block diagram of the channel selection device 20 shown in FIG. 1. From the program part for the channel change sequence shown in FIG. 1, a data value is loaded into a register that is representative of the current channel change, in the present example (see FIG. 2) ) the cyclic sequence 3, 5, 2, 1, 3, 5, ... The individual positions are cyclically transferred to the channel switch 10 from the register. The synchronization between a transmitter and a receiver takes place here with that in the first position of the
- the clock generator 26 in FIG. 1 supplies the clock signal (CLK) to the register, so that the channels are changed at the corresponding clock frequency.
- the channel selector can also operate by loading a value corresponding to the current channel into a register each time a channel is changed.
- FIG. 5 shows a somewhat more detailed embodiment of the additional part 1 from FIG.
- a minute signal and a second signal are generated in the circuit 40. These second and minute signals are used on the one hand to continuously synchronize an internal clock 42, and on the other hand to synchronize a transmitter with a receiver. Since the public time signal is received synchronously in each country, the present invention uses this property of the time signal to synchronize any distant transmitter and receiver with each other. The effort required for this is extremely small.
- the clock generator 42 controls a program counter 45, a dwell counter 46 and a channel counter 48.
- the program counter 45 is used to advance the channel counter 48.
- the dwell counter 46 temporarily stops the program counter 45 and the channel counter 48, so that data exchange during the connection establishment is possible during this stopping period. After the dwell counter 46 has carried out a number of counting steps corresponding to a specific time period, it is reset to zero, with the
- Program counter 45 and the channel counter 48 are started.
- a control interface 49 is connected to the channel counter 48 and has the task of galvanically decoupling the device 1 from the connected transceiver.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU64731/99A AU6473199A (en) | 1998-10-15 | 1999-10-15 | Transmitter-receiver for data signals, system for transmitting data signals, device for assembly in transmitter-receiver and synchronization method |
EP99952591A EP1119933A1 (en) | 1998-10-15 | 1999-10-15 | Transmitter-receiver for data signals, system for transmitting data signals, device for assembly in a transmitter-receiver and synchronization method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1998147665 DE19847665A1 (en) | 1998-10-15 | 1998-10-15 | Transceiver for data signals, system for transmitting data signals, and device for installation in a transceiver |
DE19847665.5 | 1998-10-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000022767A1 true WO2000022767A1 (en) | 2000-04-20 |
Family
ID=7884636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1999/007849 WO2000022767A1 (en) | 1998-10-15 | 1999-10-15 | Transmitter-receiver for data signals, system for transmitting data signals, device for assembly in a transmitter-receiver and synchronization method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1119933A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU6473199A (en) |
DE (1) | DE19847665A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000022767A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10349476A1 (en) | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-25 | Siemens Ag | Timely execution of a measurement or control action and synchronization of several such actions |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4554668A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1985-11-19 | Thomson-Csf | Frequency-hopping radio communications system |
EP0247790A2 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1987-12-02 | Fairchild Weston Systems Inc. | Secure communication system for multiple remote units |
US4850036A (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1989-07-18 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Radio communication system using synchronous frequency hopping transmissions |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2747454C1 (en) * | 1977-10-24 | 1992-09-24 | Siemens Ag | Message transfer system with frequency hopping |
DE4109816C1 (en) * | 1991-03-26 | 1992-06-04 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co Kg, 8000 Muenchen, De | |
DE4337212A1 (en) * | 1993-10-30 | 1995-05-04 | Grundig Emv | Radio alarm system with a large number of message channels formed by the frequency hopping process |
US5502722A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-03-26 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a radio system using variable transmission reservation |
-
1998
- 1998-10-15 DE DE1998147665 patent/DE19847665A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-10-15 EP EP99952591A patent/EP1119933A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-10-15 AU AU64731/99A patent/AU6473199A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-15 WO PCT/EP1999/007849 patent/WO2000022767A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4554668A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1985-11-19 | Thomson-Csf | Frequency-hopping radio communications system |
EP0247790A2 (en) * | 1986-05-27 | 1987-12-02 | Fairchild Weston Systems Inc. | Secure communication system for multiple remote units |
US4850036A (en) * | 1987-08-21 | 1989-07-18 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Radio communication system using synchronous frequency hopping transmissions |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
FRIEDL R: "A HIGH-PRECISION TIME AND FREQUENCY STANDARD", NEWS FROM RHODE & SCHWARZ,DE,ROHDE UND SCHWARZ, MUENCHEN, vol. 33, no. 142, 1 January 1993 (1993-01-01), pages 19 - 21, XP000645790, ISSN: 0028-9108 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1119933A1 (en) | 2001-08-01 |
AU6473199A (en) | 2000-05-01 |
DE19847665A1 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
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