WO2000025229A1 - Informatics system weaves - Google Patents
Informatics system weaves Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000025229A1 WO2000025229A1 PCT/SG1999/000103 SG9900103W WO0025229A1 WO 2000025229 A1 WO2000025229 A1 WO 2000025229A1 SG 9900103 W SG9900103 W SG 9900103W WO 0025229 A1 WO0025229 A1 WO 0025229A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H10/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data
- G16H10/60—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data for patient-specific data, e.g. for electronic patient records
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/904—Browsing; Visualisation therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
- G06T11/20—Drawing from basic elements, e.g. lines or circles
- G06T11/206—Drawing of charts or graphs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/20—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
Definitions
- This invention arises in the field of informatics, the correlation of multiple types of information and the graphic representation of relationships between types and pieces of information.
- the present invention relates to a method and system of visually representing the relationships between items or groups of data using "weaving" of "ribbons" as a metaphor and relates particularly, though not exclusively, to an application in the medical field for visually representing diagnosis, treatment planning, management 2 d monitoring of a patient.
- the present invention was developed with a view to providing a method and system of visually representing the relationships between items or groups o; data in a more readily understood manner.
- a method of visually representing in a computer generated graphic image the relationships between single items or groups of data the method involving: generating a first elongate ribbon in a form suitable for graphic display in a first visually distinct manner; attaching a first item or group of data to said first ribbon; generating a second elongate ribbon in a form suitable for graphic display in a second visually distinct manner; attaching a second item or group of data to said second ribbon; generating an intersection for a point at whichsaid first and second ribbons overlap by weaving the two ribbons in a visually distinct form suitable for graphic display; and, displaying said first and second ribbons on a display means together with said intersection; wherein said intersection is used to provide a visual indication of a relationship between the first and second items or groups of data that can be readily ascertained by viewing the displayed graphic image.
- said first ribbon is one of a plurality of ribbons forming a first ribbon group
- said first item or group of data is one of a plur,ality of first items or groups of data attached to the respective first ribbons in said first ribbon group
- said second ribbon is one of a plurality of ribbons forming a .second ribbon group
- said second item or group of data is one of a plurality of second items or groups of data attached to the respective second ribbons in said second ribbon group.
- said intersection is one of a plurality of intersections which together with the ribbons form a weave of said first and second ribbon groups.
- said first ribbons are displayed in a different colour from said second ribbons.
- said first ribbons overlap one or more of said second ribbons in a substantially perpendicular manner.
- said plurality of ribbons within a particular ribbon group can be generated with varying degrees of thickness and height dimensions so as to convey additional information about items or groups of data represented in said particular ribbon group.
- first ribbons are displayed on said display means in a substantially horizontal orientation and said second ribbons are displayed in a substantially vertical orientation.
- each intersection can be generated in one of a plurality of visually distinct forms so as to indicate a plurality of distinct relationships between said first and second items or groups of data.
- said intersection can take one or more of the following visually distinct forms: one ribbon passes through a single slit in the other ribbon (over-through-under); one ribbon passes through two adjacent slits in the other ribbon so that the passing ribbon is not visible between the two slits (over-through-under- through-over); one ribbon passes through two adjacent slits in the other ribbon so that the passing ribbon is only visible between the two slits (under-through-over-through-under).
- said slits are made substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the passing ribbon whereby each of said intersection forms enables one ribbon to be visually dominant.
- said single slit can be made substantially diagonal to the longitudinal direction of both ribbons at the point of overlap so that neither ribbon will be visually dominant
- said weave is one of a plurality of weaves, each weave representing a set of relationships between each first and second items or groups of data of each weave, said weaves forming a map of said set of relationships.
- selected ribbons pass from one weave to another within the same map, each ribbon passing from one weave to another representing the same item or group of data in each weave.
- a system for visually representing in a computer generated graphic image the relationships between single items or groups of data comprising means for generating a first elongate ribbon in a form suitable for graphic display in a first visually distinct manner; means for attaching a first item or group of data to said first ribbon; means for generating a second elongate ribbon in a form suitable for graphic display in a second visually distinct manner; means for attaching a second item or group of data to said second ribbon; means for generating an intersection for a point at which said first and second ribbons overlap by weaving the two ribbons in a visually distinct form suitable for graphic display; and, means for displaying said first and second ribbons together with said intersection as a graphic image on a display means; whereLn said intersection is used to provide a visual indication of a relationship between said first and second items or groups of data that can be more readily ascertained by viewing the displayed graphic image.
- said means for generating a first ribbon is capable of generating a plurality of said firs ⁇ ribbons so as to form a first ribbon group, and said means for attaching a first item or group of data is capable of attaching a plurality of first items or groups of data to said respective first ribbons in said first ribbon group.
- said means for generating a second ribbon is capable of generating a plurality of said second ribbons so as to form a second ribbon group, and said means for attaching a second item or group of data is capable of attaching a plurality of second items or groups of data to said respective second ribbons in said second ribbon group.
- said means for generating an intersection is capable of generating a plurality of intersections which together with the ribbons form a weave of ⁇ aid first and second ribbon groups.
- said system includes a means for querying a knowledge base for data to be represented by one of the ribbons.
- said system includes a means for a user to enter the relationship between the said first and second items or groups of data.
- ⁇ aid system also includes a means for a user to input information to be represented by one of the ribbons.
- Preferably said system includes a means for querying a knowledge base for the relationship between the said first and second items or groups of data.
- Figure 1 illustrates a computer generated "weave" pattern of first and second ribbon groups in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention
- Figure 2 illustrates aeveral different forms that intersections of the ribbons can take and typical meanings ascribed thereto;
- Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred method of creating a weave map similar to that illustrated in Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a block diagram illustrating an ideal software architecture for a typical medical application which employs the DataWeaver method and system in accor ance with the invention
- Figure 5 is a functional block diagram illustrating a typical clinical computer system that could employ the software architecture of Figure 4;
- FIG. 6 illustrates a single page Graphical User Interface (GUI) which embodies the DataWeaver method
- Figure 7 is an enlargement of the upper left of the single page GUI of Figure 6, showing the names of diseases and symptoms;
- Figure 8 is an enlargement of the lower left of the single page GUI of Figure 6, showing features relating to diagnosis and patient information;
- Figure 9 is an enlargement of the lower right of the single page GUI of Figure 6, showing a lower part of features relating to treatment and monitoring; and, Figure 10 is an enlargement of the upper right of the single page GUI of Figure 6, showing an upper part of the features relating to treatment and monitoring.
- the present invention provides an improved method of visualising relationships between sets and individual pieces of information in a computer generated image or map. It has p-articular advantages for the indication of significant intersections between data items or groups and is thus highly suitable for illustrating computer data handling and data-minding applications, for example, within the medical field for diagnosis and for treatment planning, management and monitoring. Throughout the following description a preferred embodiment of the invention will be described within the medical field, however it is to be understood that the method and system of the invention is not limited to this application and can be applied generally to multi-level information-based systems, such as monitoring of complex engineering plants, data flow in an algorithm or device, ecology, event planning, or geophysics.
- the computer generated image or map created in accordance with the invention may also be used as a basis for a Graphical User Interface (CUT).
- CUT Graphical User Interface
- the method involves visualising each item (or group) of data as a ribbon, typically colour coded to indicate the group or class of data which it represents.
- the direction of each ribbon can be adjusted in order to enable the appropriate intersections with other ribbons of data.
- the intersections between the various data ribbons u.se the analogy of weaving to gene ate a "weave" pattern of multicoloured "ribbons" as illustrated in Figure 1.
- the method of visually representing in a computer generated image the relationships between items or groups of data will henceforth be referred to as the DataWeaver method for convenience.
- Figure 1 illustrates a weave pattern or map which visually represents part of a patient record in a clinical system as developed using a preferred embodiment of the DataWeavei method in accordance with the invention. Generation of a hill patient record will be described in more detail below with reference to Figures 6 to 10.
- the weave pattern comprises a first group of elongate ribbons 10 displayed in a fir * st visually distinct manner, in this case in an easily identifiable colour, and displayed on a display screen in a substantially horizontal orientation.
- two of the ribbons in the first group 10 represent two presenting symptoms respectively ("coughing blood" and "breathlessness"), together with a plurality of corollary signs used to assist with diagnosis of the patient's illness.
- a second group of elongate ribbons 12 are displayed in a substantially vertical orientation and are arranged to overlap with the first group of ribbons 10.
- the second group of ribbons 12 represent a variety of possible diagnoses of the patient's illness.
- a visually distinct intersection is generated for each point at which a ribbon from the first group 10 overlaps with a ribbon from the second group 12.
- each intersection would normally give only the simple options of "A” over "B” or “B” over “A”. This would merely give two me.an ⁇ ngs to each intersection, one of which may typically be “not relevant”.
- the DataWeaver metfiod therefore preferably extends the analogy of ribbon weaving by providing appropriately located longitudinal slits in one ribbon, through which the other ribbon passes. This provides an increased number of ways in which the intersection can be generated and thus provide a series of distinct meanings. Other icons may be used, including a question mark to tell the user that absent information could be useful, but the preferred implementation maintains the metaphor of physical ribbons.
- Intersection 14 Relevant: Slit in centre of A,B passes through (over-through- under).
- Intersection 16 Not relevant: simple one over, one under:
- Intersection 18 Present (e.g., symptom): Two equally-spaced slits in A,B, passes tiirough these so that the passing ribbon (B) is not visible between the two slits (over-through-under-through- ovcr)
- Intersection 20 r ot present e.g., symptom
- Two equally-spaced slits in A,B passes through these ⁇ o that the passing ribbon (B) is only visible between the two slits (under-through-over-through- under).
- Intersection 22 For investigation: The two ribbons intersect diagonally, neither dominating.
- intersection 22 each of these forms of intersection makes one ribbon visually dominant at the point of overlap.
- intersection form 18 (present) the vertical ribbon is visually dominant as it is visible between the two slits
- intersection from 20 the horizontal ribbon is visually dominant as it is visible between the two slits.
- a visual "flow" can easily be discerned, giving a further information dimension.
- present and not present intersection indicators are being used, for example, in relation to medical symptoms, a clear passage down the middle of the dominant ribbon representing a possible diagnosis is immediately obvious, thus sending a clear message regarding the pattern of data relationships and increasing the probability of an accurate di. gnosis.
- the not present intersection indicator blocks the centre passage along the dominant ribbon, and hence a negative men g is given by the interruption of the visual "flow".
- the height and width of a particular data ribbon can also be used to represent magnitude, or as in the case'of differential diagnosis, comparative probability.
- the ribbons in the second ribbon group 12 have been generated with varying degrees of thickness and mapped in decreasing order of probability.
- Bronchial Carcinoma would appear to be the most likely illness of those considered, whereas Goodpasture's Syndrome is the least likely.
- the software which embodies the DataWeaver method is built as a general class of re-useable graphical widgets (viz. the area, map, weave, ribbon,.ribbon group, intersections, time-box).
- the entire map is assembled by combining these widgets and attaching "information" and "action” objects to them according to the application process and logic.
- the map gets it direction of flow, from the application logic/processes.
- the flow chart illustrated in Figure 3 shows the way a map may be constructed using t e widgets. In the embodiment of Figure 3, three distinct ribbon groups and their intersections are being generated.
- a "weave” is a place at which many ribbons belonging to two or more ribbon groups intersect
- a "map” is a collection of such ribbons, ribbon groups, intersections and weaves.
- An “information object” contains information regarding the object to which it is attached and its behaviour when it is clicked on using the left and right mouse buttons.
- An “action object” contains a specification of the action that is to be performed such as bring up a dialogue box, add ribbons, etc., when the left or right mouse button is clicked.
- the computer software creates a map object at step 50 and then obtains the data for ribbon groups 1, 2 and 3 at steps 100, 200 and 300.
- the map to be created is designed to enable the visualisation of relationships between data items or groups represented by ribbon groups 1 and 2, and the relationships between data represented by ribbon groups 1 and 3. These relationships may be pre ⁇ defined within the databases from which the information is obtained, or may be entered by the user.
- the steps required to obtain intersection details for the ribbon groups 1 and 2 and for the ribbon groups 1 and 3 are shown as 400 and 500 respectively in Figure 3.
- the DataWeaver software then creates the appropriate number of ribbon objects for ribbon group 1 at step 102, corresponding to each of the respective items or groups of data.
- Information objects for each of the ribbons in ribbon group 1 are then created at 104, and information objects are attached to each of the ribbons in ribbon group 1 at 106.
- a similar process is followed in relation to ribbon groups 2 and 3.
- intersection objects for ribbon groups 1 and 2 are created at 402 together with an indication of the intersection type.
- An information object for each intersection is created at 404 and the information objects are attached to the intersection objects at 406.
- a similar process is adopted once the intersection details for the ribbon groups 1 and 3 have been obtained at 500.
- the DataWeaver software creates a weave object at 600, and attaches the group 1 ribbons to the weave horizontally at 602.
- the group 2 ribbons are attached to the weave vertically at 604 and the ribbon group 1 and 2 intersection objects are attached to the weave at 606.
- the completed weave of ribbon groups 1 and 2 is then attached to the map at 800 and its position relative to other weaves on the map indicated.
- a similar process is adopted to create a weave object at 700, once the information objects have been attached to the ribbons in ribbon groups 1 and 3 and to the intersection objects.
- the group 1 ribbons always appear horizontally, whereas group 2 and group 3 ribbons appear vertically in the completed map.
- the weaves are arranged to determine their absolute position on the map at 802 and the map is then ready for display on a display screen at 804.
- the DataWeaver method In addition to serving as a static graphic means of describing a topography of relationships and particular intersections, the DataWeaver method also lends itself to use as a graphic user interface (GUI) for computer programs dealing with information.
- GUI graphic user interface
- the nature of the graphic image coincides with the manner in which program architectures are constructed, thus assisting in their preparation and increasing the ease of integration of superstructure and substructure.
- the particular program architecture employed will depend to some extend on the specific application in which the DataWeaver method is embodied.
- the DataWeaver software is embodied in a graphical user interface which is used in conjunction with other known software in clinical knowledge databases, patient records, etc.
- the DataWeaver method is not embodied in the software that underlies the actual graphical user interface (GUT) construction, which follows standard professional software practice.
- Figure 5 illustrates how a typical client/server clinical system which employs DataWeaver as a front end at the GUI may be set up.
- the DataWeaver front end communicates with the local clinical objects or the remote clinical objects to store and retrieve information in the databases 34 via servers 32.
- Figure 4 illustrates an ideal software architecture for a clinical system employing DataWeaver which typically consists of five layers with client-server relationship between layers.
- DataWeaver which typically consists of five layers with client-server relationship between layers.
- a layered approach was chosen to build the system in order to make construction of the weave map modular and de-coupled from the underlying clinical system.
- the first layer at the front end is the GUI 40 which embodies the DataWeaver method.
- the second layer is the GUI /domain control layer 42 which assembles the map, communicates with the supporting clinical domain control layer 44 and provides the map with data and control logic.
- This second layer 42 defines the semantics and look and feel of the map (e.g., what does an intersection mean, what icons are used, definition of areas in map, etc.).
- the domain and services layer 44 consists of various domain objects and services implemented as components that can be distributed across several machines (e.g., patient records, treatment planning engine, log keeping and access control etc.).
- the persistence management layer 46 takes care of storage and retrieval of information in a platform and vendor independent way.
- the final layer 4.8 consists of the back end databases.
- Figures 6 to 10 illustrates how the GUI employs the described embodiment of the DataWeaver method to present this series of processes and the associated data and relationships on a single page map for display on a video display unit (VDU).
- VDU video display unit
- hard copy of the display can also be printed in full colour on paper if required.
- the map is constructed dynamically by interacting with the user and tine clinical objects. The overall topology and direction of process flow, however, is decided early in the program.
- the map shown in Figure 6 is a fully-grown map which grew in order from A to E as described below.
- the map consists of areas (portions boxed in by dotted lilies, which need not be part of the active display) and weaves. ⁇ n area comprises weaves related to the same process.
- a weave is a collection of two groups of ribbons, their intersections, and associated "information" and "action” objects.
- Information objects display information and action objects perform a predefined action, (for example, collect data, validate, generate more weaves dynamically, etc.), on activation by cBckirig the intersections or the ribbons.
- the ribbons themselves are grouped based on their class, (for example, in the symptom group each ribbon in the group represents a symptom). Ribbon groups or individual ribbons may be involved in more than one weave.
- the data which the ribbons represent may refer to a specific entity to be managed such as a patient, a ward, an X-ray fa ⁇ lity, etc, or be drawn from a general knowledge base such as a knowledge base describing the relation between a symptom and a disease, the time and resources required for a particular X-ray examination, etc These are referred to as the subject and the knowledge base respectivel .
- Information about the subject may be drawn from the subject's file (for example, by electronic transfer of a patient's pre-existing records in another system) or entered by user interaction with the system.
- the clinical processes, the data involved and how they are presented in the DataWeaver map will now be described with reference to Figures 6 to 10.
- the full weave map illustrated in Figure 6 is the end result of the patient- physician encounter, which commences with entry of the patient into the clinic (900) and registration in the adjministration section (910, 20).
- An administrative user registers the patient by recording within the system the demographic registration information (for Epidemiological purposes) for a new patient, which are stored for later use and documentation of that specific patient in the clinic.
- the administrative user interviews the patient/responsible party and obtains details of the presenting symptoms along with other condition facts, such as known allergies, drug sensitivity, current medication, pregnancy, etc. (910, 930, 940). Ribbons representing the presenting symptoms are generated in the weave map and the presenting symptoms are attached to the ribbons from the list which is searched by the user using key words.
- a prelirninary disease/ probability list is then created.
- the patient/physician encounter then moves to the second phase involving initial diagnosis of the patient's complaint which is represented in area 1000 of the weave map.
- a clinical user acquires and evaluates all the personal information, symptoms, signs, images (scans), genetic and environmental factors which are interactively stored (1010, 1020, 1030, 1040).
- the supporting knowledge base aids in prompting for related signs and symptoms. Allowance is made for hierarchical groupings of symptoms, if that is useful or needed. For example, both the height and thickness of disease ribbons (1040) indicate the relative probability of the disease.
- a diagnosis suggested by the system may be overridden by the clinician.
- the weaves 1030 and 1130 consist of intersections that show a particular sign or symptom is relevant to the disease. From the knowledge base, all symptom groups where the presented main symptoms are the leading symptoms for some specific diseases are chosen. The symptom group is classified by disease or disease group where system ⁇ oss-relationship9 should be considered. Any disease may be clicked to view its corollary signs and symptoms and other relevant factors. The disease ribbon can be right-clicked to make it as the diagnosis. Question marks will appear at the points of overlap of the ribbons in a particular weave (not shown), where the relevant symptoms associated with each disease group have not yet been checked. The weave map, acting as it does in this case as a GUI for the. knowledge base, acts as a prompt to aid the physician in asking the appropriate questions to find symptoms which may be indicated according to the disease assumptions. The visualisation of cross relationships between the observed, symptoms, possible diseases and corollary symptoms are illustrated by the weave in area 1000.
- Area 1200 of the weave map represents the process of consultation of research literature, past cases and other peers (1220).
- Various relevant literature and past cases are retrieved from the databases.
- the patient is also educated regarding the disease (1230) and relevant information to be handed out to the patient is retrieved from the database.
- the disease ribbon can be clicked to retrieve a list of treatment schemes available for that disease from the database.
- Each treatment scheme can be anah/s ⁇ d dynamically against the patient conditions such as allergies, pregnancy, cost or patient preferences to choose the optimum strategy (1210, 1320, 1330 and 1340).
- Patient education on treatment and rehabilitation continues (ribbon 1230 extended to area 1354).
- a treatment plan is selected (1330)
- the individual items can be modified for dosage and administration mechanisms, etc All the changes will be transmitted back to the patient records.
- Administration of treatment (therapies represented by three ribbons 1310) and ribbons representing a drugs and therapies daily plan are generated (1410, 1420 and 1430 in the monitoring area 1400). If a case is classified as of research interest, parameters and conditions to be monitored are captured for clinical research.
- Weaves can be programmed to interact in different ways. Each weave is built interactively from a few ribbons and intersections to the complete set required. With any ribbon group, right clicking any ribbon opens a dialogue box that can add new ribbons by a tree-structured, keyword searchable list of possible additions. Right-clicking an intersection opens a dialogue box by which the user may alter those of that intersection's properties for which a user's profile specifies permission, whereas left clicking allows an authorised user to read the information represented by th ⁇ t intersection.
- An example of this type is weave 1030, a weave of ribbons from the disease and symptoms group.
- These diseases or clusters are added to the weave as disease group ribbons.
- the type of inte section of a particular symptom ribbon and a disease ribbon indicates whether that sympto and disease are relevant to each other.
- the user can now click at an intersection that shows relevance to change the form of the intersection icon to a 'present' form of intersection that indicates the symptom is present in the patient. Repeating the pre-diagnosis can then lead to a more accurate result.
- the display visualises more information than the relevance or presence shown by the intersections.
- the relative probability of the diseases can also be shown visually by change of width or ordering of the disease ribbons and other criteria may be input by the user or system manager.
- the weave in 1130 of Figure 8 shows another interaction mechanism where the horizontal ribbons belong to the 'signs' group and the vertical ribbons belong to the 'disease' group.
- the relationship between the diseases/conditions and the signs is represented here. Left clicking a particul.ir disease ribbon brings up on the left the relevant gns to look for
- the weave shows the relationship between signs and diseases/conditions as "relevance intersections
- the weave logic can support many other types of intera-ction scheme for the weave, in either 'build-up' or 'post-build analysis' strategy.
- the weave map allows the creation of specialised zones in which synchronised information of a specific nature is displayed for direct comparison, in this case, the time behaviour of indicators which is very important to the health-care givers especially in the period of treatment. It helps physician and nurses to monitor the patient's responses during the treatment process, and modify treatment accordingly.
- the GUI "explodes" a box in area 1400 (monitoring), where the primary dynamic indicators are displayed in the form the physician is accustomed to, typically as graphs of indicators against time (1440, 1450, 1470, 1480, 1490 and 1495) . Correlations between the dynamical behaviour of different indicators may be viewed in the familiar form of pie-charts. The various parameters and conditions of the patient are monitored over time and any necessary modification to the treatment plan is effected.
- the generated patient record elements are stored.
- the time box (1400) works as a graphical and interactive progress chart. It can be clicked to get information about it or to scale it differently. As in the case of other ribbon groups, right clicking can add additional ribbons.
- the time box zone can be concealed to restore the longer- term view and the patient can continue, to be monitored for side affects, their implementations for further treatment, etc.
- a value of the DataWeaver approach is the ready integration of multiple streams of data for research and discovery purposes.
- a physician can use this in a novel form of drug discovery where diseases that are related by symptoms, even though underlying causes are different, may lend -themselves to improved treatment when such similarities are recognised in the weave map.
- New diseases can be recognised, initially as clusters of co-occurring symptoms (like the discovery of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome), by using weaves to display the statistical strength of clusters.
- the research box (1500) is intersected by various forms of knowledge, and the weave diagram now shows a diagonal interlacing to show that a different level of knowledge integration is being pursued.
- the research information may be retrieved from the database, or stored in it.
- the correlation of research information from several discrete Weaves is one example of the forming of a map.
- weave map In cases where the weave map is becoming crowded within the available display area, selected sections of the diagram may be minimised, particularly within a dynamic context such as a computer VDU.
- a dynamic context such as a computer VDU.
- colour to define data groups or classes and variation of ribbon-width to indicate the magnitude (e.g., of probability) of the data represented by the ribbon further enhance the user-friendly nature of the DataWeaver methodology. Further advantages include the use of intersections as points of data e> ⁇ raction and contribution by means of left or right clicks of the computer mouee.
- the weave map allows a general analogy of direction to represent the flow of a process without the restriction of strict sequencing.
- user profiles may be provided which control the behaviour and appearance of the GUI according to the role and preferences of the user.
- Each category of user (admissions clerk, nurse, doctor, medical system administrator, etc) receives a default profile on initial registration with the system, which is custo isable according to category.
- any user may adjust the . default colours or zoom-lens size to optimise visual comfort and effectiveness for that user;
- an admission clerk's display may be limited to an interactive weave guiding the acquisition of admission data, and not extend to a weave assisting in treatment selection;
- a doctor may modify the symptom/ disease relations in a personal copy of the knowledge base effecting the display generated for that doctor;
- a medical system adininistrator may modify the knowledge base or image generation rules affecting all users.
- the administrator might choose or be directed to bring a particular disease to the c-linicicin's attention even where the evidence acquired so far makes its presence possible but unlikely, on grounds of public policy).
Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU64941/99A AU6494199A (en) | 1998-10-27 | 1999-10-22 | Informatics system weaves |
JP2000578745A JP2002528820A (en) | 1998-10-27 | 1999-10-22 | Informatics system organization |
EP99952882A EP1125218A1 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 1999-10-22 | Informatics system weaves |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SG9803834-2 | 1998-10-27 | ||
SG9803834A SG87009A1 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 1998-10-27 | Informatics system weaves |
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WO2000025229A1 true WO2000025229A1 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
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PCT/SG1999/000103 WO2000025229A1 (en) | 1998-10-27 | 1999-10-22 | Informatics system weaves |
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EP (1) | EP1125218A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002528820A (en) |
AU (1) | AU6494199A (en) |
SG (1) | SG87009A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000025229A1 (en) |
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US2720727A (en) * | 1952-05-15 | 1955-10-18 | American Cyanamid Co | Control of plant diseases |
US4531324A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1985-07-30 | Agracetus | Plant tissue culture device |
US5324657A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1994-06-28 | Osmotek Ltd. | Apparatus for plant cell tissue culture |
AUPO346496A0 (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1996-12-05 | Harris, Norman Laurence | Floating support device |
JPH10211897A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-08-11 | Toray Ind Inc | Floating structure facility |
JP3000446B2 (en) * | 1997-07-29 | 2000-01-17 | 株式会社生物機能工学研究所 | Plant pest control |
US5979111A (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-11-09 | Speedling, Inc. | Plant growing system |
-
1998
- 1998-10-27 SG SG9803834A patent/SG87009A1/en unknown
-
1999
- 1999-10-22 JP JP2000578745A patent/JP2002528820A/en active Pending
- 1999-10-22 AU AU64941/99A patent/AU6494199A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-22 WO PCT/SG1999/000103 patent/WO2000025229A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-10-22 EP EP99952882A patent/EP1125218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
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US4672683A (en) * | 1984-03-20 | 1987-06-09 | Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. | Image retrieval and registration system |
US5623418A (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1997-04-22 | Lsi Logic Corporation | System and method for creating and validating structural description of electronic system |
US5544352A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1996-08-06 | Libertech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for indexing, searching and displaying data |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1125218A1 (en) | 2001-08-22 |
JP2002528820A (en) | 2002-09-03 |
AU6494199A (en) | 2000-05-15 |
SG87009A1 (en) | 2002-03-19 |
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