WO2000032262A1 - Tubus with sealed cuff - Google Patents
Tubus with sealed cuff Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000032262A1 WO2000032262A1 PCT/DE1999/003646 DE9903646W WO0032262A1 WO 2000032262 A1 WO2000032262 A1 WO 2000032262A1 DE 9903646 W DE9903646 W DE 9903646W WO 0032262 A1 WO0032262 A1 WO 0032262A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tube according
- coating
- cuff
- tube
- sleeve
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/0443—Special cuff-wall materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0434—Cuffs
- A61M16/0445—Special cuff forms, e.g. undulated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tube for insertion into a patient's trachea, with a central lumen for respiration or breathing and with at least one inflatable sleeve provided on the outside of the tube, which serves to seal the outside of the tube against the wall of the trachea.
- Such a tube can be a tracheotomy tube, which is inserted through a tracheal incision, or an endotracheal tube, which is used through the mouth or nose to ventilate an anesthetized patient or in a coma.
- the secretions that form and accumulate, for example, above the cuff in the area around the tube are very good breeding grounds for the most diverse types of bacteria and other pathogens under the prevailing conditions of temperature and humidity.
- a lung infection is nevertheless prevented because the cuff lies close to the wall of the trachea and thus prevents the secretion, which is highly enriched with pathogens and accumulates on the outward-facing end of the cuff, from entering the deep bronchi can penetrate, but it has been found that pneumonia still occurs again and again, which is to a large extent attributable to the use of such a tube.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a tube with a corresponding inflatable cuff, which eliminates the problem of inadequate sealing and yet is neither particularly sensitive nor requires particularly high inflation pressures.
- the sleeve has a coating on its outer surface which is swellable and / or has limited flowability.
- any leaks that may still be present are closed by the swelling material.
- the coating material which may be in any folds and the like, swells, so that these folds no longer form channels through which anything else can pass the cuff.
- the coating is not necessarily swellable, but at least has a limited flow, a similar effect can be achieved, namely the coating material at mechanically stressed points, for example along the crease lines or the outer surfaces pressed against one another in the area of folds or the like is displaced and distributed to other, non-binding areas.
- Wrinkles are filled with the coating material, so that the formation of any transport channels in the longitudinal direction of these sleeves can be prevented. It goes without saying that the coating material must have a sufficiently good adhesion to the material of the cuff, in order not to be displaced from the sealing surface into the end face regions of the cuff by the small pressure differences that can occur in the trachea between the two ends of the cuffs be so that the sealing function could be lost.
- the material should not be too free-flowing and could, for example, have the consistency of a gel or cream, possibly even a very viscous oil, when in use.
- the coating material can also more or less form a unit with the material of the cuff, for example by partially diffusing the coating material into the wall of the cuff or by inducing it to diffuse or by forming a chemical bond with the material of the cuff.
- thin binding layers can also be applied to the sleeve material in a targeted manner, which in turn adhere well to the sleeve material, but at the same time also offer a good adhesive base for the sealing coating.
- the transition from the elastic material of the sleeve to the coating material which is as tear-resistant and practically non-flowable as possible, can therefore be more or less fluid, which improves the adhesion properties of the coating material to the sleeve material.
- the coating material can also be one in which neither swelling takes place during normal storage at room temperature nor is there any appreciable flowability (in the range between 1 and 10 Pas).
- the swellability or flowability can be triggered, for example, by moisture and heat, in particular by the moisture and temperature conditions that are present inside the trachea, but also by reagents, by catalysts, by radiation with X-rays, UV radiation, light or ultrasound or by other mechanical treatment. Otherwise, reagents, catalysts and radiation or mechanical treatments of the aforementioned type can also be used to achieve a good bond between the coating and the base material of the membrane.
- An embodiment of the invention is particularly preferred in which the coating material is swellable with water, the swollen coating material also being able to flow to a limited extent.
- the wall of the cuff itself is preferably made of a polymer and, if possible, is relatively thin, i.e. the thickness of the wall should preferably be no more than 500 ⁇ m, better still no more than 200 ⁇ m and particularly preferably no more than 30 ⁇ m.
- Very diverse substances can be considered as coating materials, in particular mucilages and slime formers or gel formers, as well as foaming agents.
- these are non-ionogenic mucilages, such as, for example, Salep Mannan, guaran, carobin, starch from wheat, maize, etc., xanthan gum, chitosan, collagen, carmellose, hypromellose, macrogoie, etc.
- Carrant gum karaya gum, pectins, alginic acid, carragen, agar, agarose, in particular rehydrable agarose gels, type B gelatin and carboxymethyl cellulose.
- Cation-active mucilages (gelatin type A) can also be used for the coating.
- mucilages from drugs such as Radix Althaeae, Semen Lini, Semen Psylli, Semen Foenugreci, Semen Isphaghulae, seed husks from Plantago Ovata, inorganic gel formers and water-swellable gels from gel formers of synthetic origin, their modification products and combinations of all of the above substances.
- drugs such as Radix Althaeae, Semen Lini, Semen Psylli, Semen Foenugreci, Semen Isphaghulae, seed husks from Plantago Ovata, inorganic gel formers and water-swellable gels from gel formers of synthetic origin, their modification products and combinations of all of the above substances.
- the coatings can be made from auxiliaries such as association colloids (amphiphilic, non-ionogenic, anionic or cationic in nature) and / or solubilizers (ionic or non-ionic in nature). It is also possible to provide a plurality of coatings on top of one another which, on their own, may not yet have the desired sealing property, but which mix or react with one another when the double layer is subjected to mechanical stress and thereby form a layer which has the desired properties.
- auxiliaries such as association colloids (amphiphilic, non-ionogenic, anionic or cationic in nature) and / or solubilizers (ionic or non-ionic in nature).
- all water-swellable gels, natural or synthetic substances, polymers or combinations thereof can be used.
- Thixotropic substances are also particularly suitable, i.e. Materials that change their flow behavior under load, i.e. are easier to flow at higher loads and when shear forces occur than at lower loads.
- the foaming agents already mentioned can also improve the property of the sealing layer.
- polymeric foams are particularly suitable for the coatings according to the invention.
- those foams which, if possible, consist of the same or a very similar base material as the wall of the membrane itself on the other hand, as already mentioned, the foam layer effectively prevents any Chen secretion flow between the outer wall of the membrane and the wall of the trachea, as well as in the channels formed in folds of the membrane.
- Open-pore foams or foam layers are particularly suitable.
- the foam layers also have the advantageous property that they are very highly compressible and in that they are well suited to fill the cavities forming in folds, while the foam is strongly compressed and compressed in some fold areas, it can be used in areas with larger cross sections, which are typically arise at the bottom of corresponding folds, remain extended and thus completely fill the resulting cavity.
- hydrophobic, spreadable preparation forms with a sufficient viscosity, for example hydrocarbon gels, such as lipogels or silicone gels, as are known as solution, suspension, emulsion or suspension emulsion lipogels.
- hydrocarbon gels such as lipogels or silicone gels
- Stearate ointments or creams are also suitable as coatings. It is useful if the coating is relatively firm and not very flowable at room temperature, but melts or softens at body temperature.
- the cuffs should be wrinkle-free when they are inflated and nestle against the wall of the windpipe, with thin-walled cuffs being an advantage.
- the pressures applied should be well below 1 bar.
- Polymer materials that have a glass transition point at a temperature above 30 ° C. are also suitable as coating materials.
- the cuff consists of an elastic material and is dimensioned such that it lies practically without folds and relatively close to the outer wall of the tube when not inflated, while in an inflated state under a Inflation pressure between 20 and 30 millibars has a diameter - to be measured perpendicular to the axis of the tube - which is at least 50% larger than the outside diameter of the tube or the previous diameter of the cuff in the non-inflated state, this diameter also in the inflated state can be 100% larger.
- coatings made of water-swellable gels from gel formers with non-covalent linkage of the polymer chains have proven to be very suitable.
- Another group of suitable coatings consists of hydrophobic, spreadable preparation forms with a viscosity of 2 Pas and more (for example hydrocarbon gels such as lipogels or silicone gels in the form of solution, suspension, emulsion or suspension emulsion lipogels and stearate ointments or creams).
- most of the coatings in question can be classified into at least one of the following groups, although the properties in question should of course also be permanently retained in the trachea.
- the viscosity of the coating (in the state in the trachea and under the prevailing temperature and / or humidity conditions) is at least 2 Pas, better still at least 10 Pas, z. B. 40 Pas or more.
- the coating material has a relatively large adhesive force on the material of the sleeve, this adhesive force being so great, for example, that a pressure difference of, for example, 30 millibars at the ends of a sealing gap, for example 200 ⁇ m wide, does not cause the layer material to flow out leads to the gap, c) the material is highly swellable (at least a 5-fold increase in volume), d) the material is applied in a foam layer (with a minimum thickness of, for example, 200 ⁇ ) and it is tens of times at low surface pressures millibars compressible by at least a factor of 3.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a tube according to the invention with an inflated cuff
- Figure 2 is a sectional view looking in the direction of the axis of the tube and with a
- Section plane which runs approximately along the dash-dotted line designated in FIG. 1 and
- Figure 3 shows an enlarged section corresponding to the circle labeled III in Figure
- an endotracheal or tracheotomy tube 1 which essentially consists of a tube or a tube 1, on the outer circumference of which an inflatable cuff 2 is provided in a central section.
- the cuff 2 can optionally be firmly welded to the hose or tube 1, but it can also be glued or made in one piece with the tube 1.
- a provided in the wall of the tube 1, here not recognizable channel has in the outer wall of the tube 1 an opening in the area of the cuff 2, so that the cuff 2 inflatable via this outlet opening of the channel provided in the wall of the tube 1, but possibly also is ventable. Breathing or ventilation takes place through the central lumen 4 of the tube 1.
- Figures 1 to 3 show the subject of the invention only very schematically and the formation of folds 3, which can be seen in all three figures, is only shown schematically here and the folds do not of course have to be uniform over the entire longitudinal extent of the cuff to have.
- the tube in the area of the cuff 2 is shown in section.
- a corresponding channel 5 also opens into the outer wall of the tube 1 in the area of the cuff 2.
- the inflated cuff which can rest against the wall of an air pipe in the state shown, is shown with a whole series of longitudinal folds 3. It goes without saying that these folds 3 do not all have to run parallel and that such folds do not necessarily have to extend over the full length of the sleeve 2. Rather, the illustration is only schematic and is intended to show that there are any folds 3 at all and that due to these folds 3 there can also be channels, albeit with a very small cross-section, along which possibly secretions from the area above the cuff 2 into the Area below the cuff 2 can flow, causing pathogens, especially above the cuff can find favorable growth conditions in the secretion, can penetrate into the deeper respiratory tract and can cause pneumonia.
- FIG. 3 shows the area encircled in FIG. 2 in a further enlarged state, the illustration here also being only schematic and in particular the thickness of the coating layer 6 in relation to the thickness of the wall of the sleeve 2 shown only as a line is possibly exaggerated, but on the other hand, corresponding thickness ratios should not be excluded.
- FIG. 3 In the enlarged area of FIG. 3, two folds 3 can be seen, namely a slightly less deep fold 3 on the left in FIG. 3 and a comparatively deep fold 3 on the right in FIG. 3.
- a coating 6 is also shown hatched, which for example consists of a water-swellable gel consists.
- the layer 6 is still very thin and hardly recognizable, i.e. one would probably only recognize them in the illustration in FIG. 3 as a layer which, together with the wall of the sleeve 2, could only be represented by a slightly larger line width.
- this coating material can swell to form a layer 6, which is shown in broken lines in FIG.
- the individual folds 3 form a cavity or a channel with the cross section of a drop, especially in the vicinity of their base, where the wall material of the sleeve has the greatest curvature.
- the coating material 6 also swells in the areas where the wall sections of the cuff 2 abut against one another with their outer surfaces in the fold area, and possibly push them apart a little there, so that the layer material 6 is continuously formed in all folds and on Any folds that may be forming are sealed.
- the same goes for Incidentally, also in the gusset area at the transition of the outer, more or less cylindrical circumference of the cuff to one of these folds 3.
- the swelling layer 6 also expands there and forms a continuous, homogeneous layer which lies between the inner surface of the trachea and the cuff material 2 .
- a similar effect is also achieved if the layer is spread thinly on the outer surface of the sleeve 2 as a more or less flowable layer in the form of a cream or a gel. Due to the pressure that the adjacent wall sections of a fold 3 exert on the flowable coating material 6, this coating material 6 is partly squeezed out of the fold area, but partly also pressed into the bottom of the fold 3, where otherwise the channels already described above typically form . Corresponding channels are thereby blocked or prevented. The coating material is distributed on the surface between the trachea and cuff wall 2 in accordance with the available space.
- the coating 6 is relatively firm and in particular abrasion-resistant during storage at room temperature and in the dry state, and these layers only obtain the desired flowability and by means of irradiation, moisture, heat, a reagent or also in connection with catalysts
- the coatings can also permanently have the gel-like, flowable state and they can then be covered for the purpose of storage and transport, for example with a thin protective film or protective sleeve, which extend over the cuff and possibly also take up the entire tube.
- a sleeve or cover preferably then consists of a material which in any case has no greater adhesiveness or adhesive force in relation to the coating agent than the sleeve material.
- the latter preferably consists of a polymeric material. If, moreover, the wall material of the sleeve 2 is as thin-walled as possible, it is ensured that the channels which may be present in the form of the folds 3 have a very small cross-section from the outset, so that these small cross-sections can be filled particularly easily and with little coating material.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99960903A EP1135184A1 (en) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-11-09 | Tubus with sealed cuff |
JP2000584951A JP2002531187A (en) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-11-09 | Tube with sealed cuff |
AU17714/00A AU1771400A (en) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-11-09 | Tubus with sealed cuff |
CA002353007A CA2353007A1 (en) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-11-09 | Tubus with sealed cuff |
HU0104580A HUP0104580A2 (en) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-11-09 | Tubus with sealed cuff |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19855521.0 | 1998-12-02 | ||
DE19855521A DE19855521A1 (en) | 1998-12-02 | 1998-12-02 | Tube with sealed cuff |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000032262A1 true WO2000032262A1 (en) | 2000-06-08 |
Family
ID=7889687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1999/003646 WO2000032262A1 (en) | 1998-12-02 | 1999-11-09 | Tubus with sealed cuff |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1135184A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2002531187A (en) |
AU (1) | AU1771400A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2353007A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE19855521A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0104580A2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW458789B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000032262A1 (en) |
Cited By (27)
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US6609521B1 (en) | 2001-04-09 | 2003-08-26 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Endotracheal tube |
US6722367B1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2004-04-20 | Hansa Medical Products, Inc. | Valved fenestrated tracheotomy tube having outer and inner cannulae |
US7236811B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2007-06-26 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated | Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders |
US7239902B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2007-07-03 | Nellor Puritan Bennett Incorporated | Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders |
EP1803478A1 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2007-07-04 | Hansa Medical Products, Inc. | Valved fenestrated tracheotomy tube having outer and inner cannulae |
US7277741B2 (en) | 2004-03-09 | 2007-10-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated | Pulse oximetry motion artifact rejection using near infrared absorption by water |
US7657292B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2010-02-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Method for evaluating extracellular water concentration in tissue |
US8109882B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2012-02-07 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | System and method for venous pulsation detection using near infrared wavelengths |
US8135448B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2012-03-13 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Systems and methods to assess one or more body fluid metrics |
US8175665B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2012-05-08 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Method and apparatus for spectroscopic tissue analyte measurement |
US8180419B2 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2012-05-15 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Tissue hydration estimation by spectral absorption bandwidth measurement |
US8196584B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2012-06-12 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Endotracheal cuff and technique for using the same |
US8280469B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2012-10-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Method for detection of aberrant tissue spectra |
CN102727979A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2012-10-17 | 丁宝纯 | Double-layer cuff trachea cannula |
US8313687B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2012-11-20 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method of making an improved balloon cuff tracheostomy tube |
US8346327B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2013-01-01 | Covidien Lp | Method for identification of sensor site by local skin spectrum data |
US8434487B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2013-05-07 | Covidien Lp | Endotracheal cuff and technique for using the same |
US8561614B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2013-10-22 | Covidien Lp | Multi-layer cuffs for medical devices |
US8607795B2 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2013-12-17 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Balloon cuff tracheostomy tube |
US8684175B2 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2014-04-01 | Covidien Lp | Method for shipping and protecting an endotracheal tube with an inflated cuff |
US8690864B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2014-04-08 | Covidien Lp | System and method for controlling tissue treatment |
US8707956B2 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2014-04-29 | Hansa Medical Products, Inc. | Endotracheal tube having outer and inner cannulae |
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US9579477B2 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2017-02-28 | Hansa Medical Products, Inc. | Endotracheal tube having outer and inner cannulae |
CN108785816A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-13 | 王翠洁 | Trachea cannula |
US11219729B2 (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2022-01-11 | Hansa Medical Products, Inc. | Medical device system and method including an endotracheal tube |
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WO2006089961A1 (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2006-08-31 | Tracoe Medical Gmbh | Inhaled air supplying device |
DE102005009577A1 (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2006-08-31 | Tracoe Medical Gmbh | Inhaled air supplying endotracheal/tracheostoma cannula tube or larynx mask comprises coated tube, fluid fillable thin-walled flexible plastic foil cuff arranged to the outside of the tube for sealing the tube against an air conduit wall |
DE102005015045A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-05 | Tracoe Medical Gmbh | Inhaled air supplying endotracheal/tracheostoma cannula tube or larynx mask comprises coated tube, fluid fillable thin-walled flexible plastic foil cuff arranged to the outside of the tube for sealing the tube against an air conduit wall |
JP5011298B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2012-08-29 | ホスピテック レスピレーション リミテッド | Adjustment of endotracheal tube cuff filling |
EP1960024B1 (en) | 2005-12-05 | 2014-02-12 | Hospitech Respiration Ltd. | Endotracheal tube and intubation system |
DE102006044740A1 (en) | 2006-09-20 | 2008-04-03 | Tracoe Medical Gmbh | Cuff of a respiratory device |
US8807136B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2014-08-19 | Covidien Lp | Self-sizing adjustable endotracheal tube |
US20080078399A1 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | O'neil Michael P | Self-sizing adjustable endotracheal tube |
US8307830B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2012-11-13 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Endotracheal cuff and technique for using the same |
US7950393B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2011-05-31 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Endotracheal cuff and technique for using the same |
US20080078405A1 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Crumback Gary L | Self-sizing adjustable endotracheal tube |
JP2009072581A (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-04-09 | Ist Corp | Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome dissolving tube |
US8590534B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2013-11-26 | Covidien Lp | Cuff for use with medical tubing and method and apparatus for making the same |
KR101508131B1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-07 | 정민호 | Airway device |
GB201416891D0 (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-11-12 | Smiths Medical Int Ltd | Tracheal Tubes And Seals |
CN106039391A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-26 | 林春梅 | Anti-bacterial high-viscosity medical glue and preparation method thereof |
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- 1999-11-09 WO PCT/DE1999/003646 patent/WO2000032262A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-09 CA CA002353007A patent/CA2353007A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-09 AU AU17714/00A patent/AU1771400A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-11-09 HU HU0104580A patent/HUP0104580A2/en unknown
- 1999-11-09 EP EP99960903A patent/EP1135184A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-08 TW TW088121016A patent/TW458789B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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WO1991010466A1 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-25 | Rochester Medical Corporation | Microcidal agent releasing catheter |
WO1995003083A1 (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1995-02-02 | Boston Scientific Corporation | Drug delivery |
US5810786A (en) * | 1993-09-24 | 1998-09-22 | Richard R. Jackson | Tissue-numbing anesthetic articles |
Cited By (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE41345E1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2010-05-25 | Hansa Medical Products, Inc. | Valued fenestrated tracheotomy tube having outer and inner cannulae |
US6722367B1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2004-04-20 | Hansa Medical Products, Inc. | Valved fenestrated tracheotomy tube having outer and inner cannulae |
US8509866B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2013-08-13 | Covidien Lp | Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders |
US8229529B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2012-07-24 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders |
US7657292B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2010-02-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Method for evaluating extracellular water concentration in tissue |
US7236811B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2007-06-26 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated | Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders |
US7239902B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2007-07-03 | Nellor Puritan Bennett Incorporated | Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders |
US8135448B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2012-03-13 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Systems and methods to assess one or more body fluid metrics |
US8457722B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2013-06-04 | Covidien Lp | Device and method for monitoring body fluid and electrolyte disorders |
US6609521B1 (en) | 2001-04-09 | 2003-08-26 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Endotracheal tube |
US8175670B2 (en) | 2004-03-09 | 2012-05-08 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Pulse oximetry signal correction using near infrared absorption by water |
US7277741B2 (en) | 2004-03-09 | 2007-10-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated | Pulse oximetry motion artifact rejection using near infrared absorption by water |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU1771400A (en) | 2000-06-19 |
CA2353007A1 (en) | 2000-06-08 |
EP1135184A1 (en) | 2001-09-26 |
JP2002531187A (en) | 2002-09-24 |
HUP0104580A2 (en) | 2002-12-28 |
TW458789B (en) | 2001-10-11 |
DE19855521A1 (en) | 2000-06-08 |
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