WO2001059852B1 - Monolithic electroactive polymers - Google Patents

Monolithic electroactive polymers

Info

Publication number
WO2001059852B1
WO2001059852B1 PCT/US2001/004357 US0104357W WO0159852B1 WO 2001059852 B1 WO2001059852 B1 WO 2001059852B1 US 0104357 W US0104357 W US 0104357W WO 0159852 B1 WO0159852 B1 WO 0159852B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
active area
electric field
change
deflection
electroactive polymer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/004357
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2001059852A3 (en
WO2001059852A2 (en
WO2001059852A9 (en
WO2001059852A8 (en
Inventor
Ronald E Pelrine
Roy D Kornbluh
Joseph Stephen Eckerle
Original Assignee
Stanford Res Inst Int
Ronald E Pelrine
Roy D Kornbluh
Joseph Stephen Eckerle
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26877150&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2001059852(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Stanford Res Inst Int, Ronald E Pelrine, Roy D Kornbluh, Joseph Stephen Eckerle filed Critical Stanford Res Inst Int
Priority to AU2001252883A priority Critical patent/AU2001252883A1/en
Publication of WO2001059852A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001059852A2/en
Publication of WO2001059852A8 publication Critical patent/WO2001059852A8/en
Publication of WO2001059852A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001059852A3/en
Publication of WO2001059852B1 publication Critical patent/WO2001059852B1/en
Publication of WO2001059852A9 publication Critical patent/WO2001059852A9/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F04B35/045—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric using solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
    • F04B43/043—Micropumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
    • H04R19/02—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/20—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
    • H10N30/206—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators using only longitudinal or thickness displacement, e.g. d33 or d31 type devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2243/00—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes
    • F02G2243/30—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders
    • F02G2243/50—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders having resonance tubes
    • F02G2243/52—Stirling type engines having closed regenerative thermodynamic cycles with flow controlled by volume changes having their pistons and displacers each in separate cylinders having resonance tubes acoustic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/08—Thermoplastics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R23/00—Transducers other than those covered by groups H04R9/00 - H04R21/00

Abstract

The present invention relates to polymers, transducers and devices that convert between electrical and mechanical energy. When a voltage is applied to electrodes contacting an electroactive polymer, the polymer deflects. This deflection may be used to do mechanical work. Similarly, when the electroactive polymer deflects, an electric field is produced in the polymer. This electric field may be used to produce electrical energy. An active area is a portion of a polymer having sufficient electrostatic force to enable deflection of the portion and/or sufficient deflection to enable a change in electrostatic force. The present invention relates to transducers and devices including multiple active areas. The invention also relates to methods for actuating one or more active areas.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS[received by the International Bureau on 3 January 2002 (03.01.02); original claims 1 , 8, 10, 11, 15, 32 and 33 amended; remaining claims unchanged (7 pages)]
1. (Ameαded) A transducer for converting between electrical energy and mechanical energy, the transducer comprising an electroactive polymer having a plurality of active areas, the plurality of active areas comprising: a first active area having at least two first active area electrodes and a first portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the first portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the at least two first active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the first portion and a second active area having at least two second active area electrodes and a second portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the second portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the at least two second active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the second portion, wherein the electroactive polymer is elasticaUypre-strained.
2. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the first and second active areas are arranged such that deflection of the first portion includes a direction of contraction that is at least partially linearly aligned with a direction of expansion for the second portion.
3. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the plurality of active areas are symmetrically arranged-.
4. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the at least two first active area electrodes and the at least two second active area electrodes are arranged radially around a central point,
5. The transducer of claim 1 wherein electrical communication between the at least two first active area electrodes and the first portion is independent from electrical communication between the at least two second active area electrodes and the second portion.
6. The transducer of claim 1 wherein one of the at least two first active area electrodes is electrically cox-pled to one of the at least two second active area electrodes.
42 7- The transducer of claim 6 wherein the one of the at least two first active area electrodes electrically coupled to the one of the at least two second active area electrodes is a common electrode.
S. (Amended) The transducer of claim 1 [wherein the polymer is elastically pre-strained] wherein the second portion is arranged such that elastic energy obtained from deflection of the first portion assists a deflection of the second portion.
9. The transducer of claim 1 wherein the transducer is included in one of a motor and a generator.
10. (Amended) A device for converting between electrical energy and mechanical energy, the device comprising: an electroactive polymer having a plurality of active areas, the plurality of active areas comprising: a first active area having at least two first active area electrodes and a first portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the first portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the at least two first active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the first portion, a second active area having at least two second active area electrodes and a second portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the second portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the at least two second active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the second portion; and a substantially rigid member coupled to a third portion of the electroactive polymer, and wherein the electroactive polymer is elastically pre-strained.
11. (Amended) The device of claim 10 [wherein the polymer is elastically pre-strained] wherein the second portion is arranged such tha ftlastic energy obtained from deflection of the first portion assists a deflection of the second portion.
12. The device of claim 10 wherein the first portion, the second portion and the third portion are separate portions of the polymer and wherein the third portion of the polymer is located at least partially between the first portion and the second portion of the polymer.
13. The device of claim 12 wherein the first and second active areas are arranged such that deflection of the first portion includes a direction of contraction that is at least partially linearly aligned with a direction of expansion for the second portion.
14. The device of claim 13 wherein the length of an attachment between the substantially rigid member and the polymer in a direction pe endicular to a desired motion of the first active area is greater than 50% of the planar dimension of the active area perpendicular to the desired motion of the first active area.
15. (Amended) A method for using an electroactive polymer comprising a first active area and a second active area, the first active area having at least two first active area electrodes and a first portion of the electroactive polymer, the second active area having at least two second active area electrodes and a second portion of the electroactive polymer, the method comprising: pre»ste--i---ing the electroactive polymer and fixing a fixed portion of the electroactive polymer to one or more rigid structures: providing a change in electric field to the at least two first active area electrodes; and providing a change in electric field to the at least two second active area electrodes.
16. The method of claim 15 further comprising mechanically deflecting the first portion before providing the change in electric field to the at least two first active area electrodes.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the change in electric field provided to the at least two first active area electrodes is less than the electric field needed to ft-rthe-r deflect the first portion.
18. The method of claim 17 further comprising mechanically deflecting the first portion after the change in electric field has been provided, wherein the mechanical deflection after the change in electric field has been provided increases the electrical field between the at least two first active area electrodes.
44
19. The method of claim 15 wherein the change in electric field provided to the at least two first active area electrodes deflects the first portion.
20. The method of claim 15 wherein the change in electric field provided to the at least two second active area electrodes deflects the second portion.
21. The method of claim 20 wherein the second portion is deflected such that elastic energy of the first portion assists a deflection of the second portion.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein deflection of the second portion begins when the first portion is at a peak expansion.
23. The method of claim 15 further comprising actuating a third active area by providing a change in electric field to at least two third active area electrodes to deflect a third portion of the electroactive polymer.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the first active area, the second active area, and the third active area provide three degrees of freedom for deflecting a fourth portion of the electroactive polymer.
25. The method of claim 23 wherein the first active area, the second active area, and the third active area are actuated sequentially to move a fifth portion of the electroactive polymer along a path.
26. The method of claim 25 wherein the first active area, the second active area, and the third active area are actuated sequentially to move the fifth portion of the polymer in a circular path.
27. The method of claim 15 wherein the change in electric field provided to the at least two first active area electrodes terminates before the change in electric field provided to the at least two second active area electrodes begins.
45
28. A transducer for converting between electrical energy and mechanical energy, the transducer comprising an electroactive polymer having a plurality of active areas, the pluraHty of active areas comprising: a first active area having a first electrode and a common electrode, and a first portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the first portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the first electrode and the common electrode and or arranged in a manner which causes a change . electric field in response to deflection of the first portion; and a second active area having a second electrode and the common electrode, and a second portion of the electroactive polymer arranged iα a manner which causes the second portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the second electrode and the common electrode and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the second portion.
29. The transducer of claim 28 wherein timing between deflection of the first portion in response to a change in electric field provided by the first electrode and the common electrode and deflection of the second portion in response to a change in electric field provided by the second electrode and the common electrode is modulated by the propagation of an electrical charge through the common electrode.
30. The transducer of claim 28 wherein the common electrode has a resistivity in the range of about 0.01 MΩ to 50 MΩ.
31. The transducer of claim 28 wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are in electrical communication.
32. (Amended) A transducer for converting between electrical energy and mechanical energy, the transducer comprising an electroactive polymer having a plurality of active areas, the plurality of active areas con-rprising: a first active area having at least two first active area electrodes and a first portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the first portion to deflect in response
46 to a change in electric field provided by the at least two first active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the first portion; [and] a second active area having at least two second active area electrodes and a second portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the second portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the at least two second active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the second poτtion[, wherein the electroactive polymer is elastically pre-strained]; wherein one of the first and second portion is capable of a maximum linear deflection of at least 50%.
33. (Amended) A device for converting between electrical energy and mechanical energy, the device comprising: an electroactive polymer having a pluraHty of active areas, the pluraHty of active areas comprising: a first active area having at least two first active area electrodes and a first portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the first portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the at least two first active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the first portion, a second active area having at least two second active area electrodes and a second portion of the electroactive polymer arranged in a manner which causes the second portion to deflect in response to a change in electric field provided by the at least two second active area electrodes and/or arranged in a manner which causes a change in electric field in response to deflection of the second portion, wherein the electroactive polymer is elastically pre-strained: a substantially rigid member having a first segment and a second segment, the first segment coupled to a third portion of the electroactive polymer, the second segment capable of motion assisted by deflection of the first portion of the polymer and/or capable of motion that causes a change in electric field in the first portion of the polymer; and a frame coupled to a fourth portion of the polymer.
34. The device of claim 33 wherein the third portion of the polymer is located at least partially between the first portion and the second portion of the polymer.
47
35. The device of claim 33 wherein the first and second active areas are arranged such that deflection of the first portion includes a direction of contraction that is at least partially linearly afigned with a direction of expansion for the second portion.
36. The device of claim 33 wherein the substanti-ύly rigid member is used as a driving member in a motor.
48
PCT/US2001/004357 2000-02-09 2001-02-09 Monolithic electroactive polymers WO2001059852A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001252883A AU2001252883A1 (en) 2000-02-09 2001-02-09 Monolithic electroactive polymers

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18140400P 2000-02-09 2000-02-09
US60/181,404 2000-02-09
US09/779,203 US6664718B2 (en) 2000-02-09 2001-02-07 Monolithic electroactive polymers
US09/779,203 2001-02-07

Publications (5)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001059852A2 WO2001059852A2 (en) 2001-08-16
WO2001059852A8 WO2001059852A8 (en) 2001-10-18
WO2001059852A3 WO2001059852A3 (en) 2002-02-21
WO2001059852B1 true WO2001059852B1 (en) 2002-05-16
WO2001059852A9 WO2001059852A9 (en) 2002-10-24

Family

ID=26877150

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2001/004357 WO2001059852A2 (en) 2000-02-09 2001-02-09 Monolithic electroactive polymers

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US6664718B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2001059852A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (119)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6586859B2 (en) * 2000-04-05 2003-07-01 Sri International Electroactive polymer animated devices
US7320457B2 (en) * 1997-02-07 2008-01-22 Sri International Electroactive polymer devices for controlling fluid flow
US6812624B1 (en) 1999-07-20 2004-11-02 Sri International Electroactive polymers
US6781284B1 (en) * 1997-02-07 2004-08-24 Sri International Electroactive polymer transducers and actuators
US7052594B2 (en) 2002-01-31 2006-05-30 Sri International Devices and methods for controlling fluid flow using elastic sheet deflection
US7064472B2 (en) * 1999-07-20 2006-06-20 Sri International Electroactive polymer devices for moving fluid
US7537197B2 (en) * 1999-07-20 2009-05-26 Sri International Electroactive polymer devices for controlling fluid flow
US7608989B2 (en) * 1999-07-20 2009-10-27 Sri International Compliant electroactive polymer transducers for sonic applications
US6468203B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2002-10-22 Neoguide Systems, Inc. Steerable endoscope and improved method of insertion
US8888688B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2014-11-18 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Connector device for a controllable instrument
US6610007B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2003-08-26 Neoguide Systems, Inc. Steerable segmented endoscope and method of insertion
US8517923B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2013-08-27 Intuitive Surgical Operations, Inc. Apparatus and methods for facilitating treatment of tissue via improved delivery of energy based and non-energy based modalities
US7518284B2 (en) * 2000-11-02 2009-04-14 Danfoss A/S Dielectric composite and a method of manufacturing a dielectric composite
US8181338B2 (en) 2000-11-02 2012-05-22 Danfoss A/S Method of making a multilayer composite
DE10054247C2 (en) * 2000-11-02 2002-10-24 Danfoss As Actuator and method for its manufacture
US7548015B2 (en) 2000-11-02 2009-06-16 Danfoss A/S Multilayer composite and a method of making such
US7400080B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2008-07-15 Danfoss A/S Elastomer actuator and a method of making an actuator
US7166953B2 (en) * 2001-03-02 2007-01-23 Jon Heim Electroactive polymer rotary clutch motors
US7233097B2 (en) * 2001-05-22 2007-06-19 Sri International Rolled electroactive polymers
US7034802B1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2006-04-25 Palm, Incorporated Implementation of electronic muscles in a portable computer as user input/output devices
ES2299614T3 (en) 2001-12-21 2008-06-01 Danfoss A/S STRUCTURE OF DIELECTRIC DEVICE FOR DRIVING OR DETECTION AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME.
AU2003223231A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2003-12-31 Sri International Electroactive polymer devices for controlling fluid flow
US7362889B2 (en) * 2002-05-10 2008-04-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Elastomeric actuator devices for magnetic resonance imaging
US7411331B2 (en) * 2002-05-10 2008-08-12 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Dielectric elastomer actuated systems and methods
US7371223B2 (en) * 2002-10-02 2008-05-13 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Electroactive polymer actuated heart-lung bypass pumps
AU2003282695A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-05-04 Jed E. Black System and method for preventing closure of passageways
US20040230090A1 (en) * 2002-10-07 2004-11-18 Hegde Anant V. Vascular assist device and methods
US7481120B2 (en) 2002-12-12 2009-01-27 Danfoss A/S Tactile sensor element and sensor array
EP2302216A1 (en) 2003-02-24 2011-03-30 Medipacs, Inc. Pulse activated actuator pump system
DK1596794T3 (en) * 2003-02-24 2008-10-27 Danfoss As Electroactive elastic bandage
PT1751843E (en) * 2003-08-29 2012-11-30 Stanford Res Inst Int Electroactive polymer pre-strain
US7567681B2 (en) * 2003-09-03 2009-07-28 Sri International Surface deformation electroactive polymer transducers
CA2544301A1 (en) * 2003-11-05 2005-05-26 Pavad Medical, Inc. Altering the stiffness, size, and/or shape of tissues for breathing disorders and other conditions
US7338509B2 (en) 2003-11-06 2008-03-04 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Electroactive polymer actuated sheath for implantable or insertable medical device
US8398693B2 (en) * 2004-01-23 2013-03-19 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Electrically actuated medical devices
US7075213B2 (en) 2004-01-28 2006-07-11 The Johns Hopkins University Variable ratio transmission elements for motor drive shafts
US7071596B2 (en) 2004-01-28 2006-07-04 The Johns Hopkins University Dielectric motors with electrically conducting rotating drive shafts and vehicles using same
US7922740B2 (en) 2004-02-24 2011-04-12 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Rotatable catheter assembly
US7744619B2 (en) 2004-02-24 2010-06-29 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Rotatable catheter assembly
CA2578120A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-09 Pavad Medical, Inc. Artificial sphincter
US8578937B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2013-11-12 Medtronic Xomed, Inc. Smart mandibular repositioning system
US7836888B2 (en) * 2004-09-21 2010-11-23 Pavad Medical, Incorporated Airway implant and methods of making and using
US7882842B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2011-02-08 Pavad Medical, Inc. Airway implant sensors and methods of making and using the same
WO2006034377A2 (en) * 2004-09-22 2006-03-30 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Light powered microactuator, microfluidic dispenser and retinal prosthesis
US7544260B2 (en) * 2004-10-20 2009-06-09 Mark Banister Micro thruster, micro thruster array and polymer gas generator
US7859168B2 (en) * 2004-12-14 2010-12-28 Medipacs, Inc. Actuator pump system
WO2006098874A2 (en) * 2005-03-14 2006-09-21 Mark Strickland File sharing methods and systems
KR100678987B1 (en) * 2005-03-17 2007-02-06 인하대학교 산학협력단 Biomimetic electro-active paper actuators, method for actuating the biomimetic electro-active paper and method for manufacturing the biomimetic electro-active paper
US8054566B2 (en) * 2005-03-21 2011-11-08 Bayer Materialscience Ag Optical lens displacement systems
US20070200457A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-30 Heim Jonathan R High-speed acrylic electroactive polymer transducers
US7626319B2 (en) * 2005-03-21 2009-12-01 Artificial Muscle, Inc. Three-dimensional electroactive polymer actuated devices
US7521847B2 (en) * 2005-03-21 2009-04-21 Artificial Muscle, Inc. High-performance electroactive polymer transducers
US7915789B2 (en) 2005-03-21 2011-03-29 Bayer Materialscience Ag Electroactive polymer actuated lighting
US7595580B2 (en) * 2005-03-21 2009-09-29 Artificial Muscle, Inc. Electroactive polymer actuated devices
US7750532B2 (en) * 2005-03-21 2010-07-06 Artificial Muscle, Inc. Electroactive polymer actuated motors
US7521840B2 (en) * 2005-03-21 2009-04-21 Artificial Muscle, Inc. High-performance electroactive polymer transducers
WO2006121818A2 (en) * 2005-05-05 2006-11-16 Rodrigo Alvarez Icaza Rivera Dielectric elastomer fiber transducers
US7935743B1 (en) 2005-07-06 2011-05-03 Lenore Rasmussen Electrically driven mechanochemical actuators that can act as artificial muscle
US7559358B2 (en) * 2005-08-03 2009-07-14 Baker Hughes Incorporated Downhole uses of electroactive polymers
US7452372B2 (en) * 2005-09-22 2008-11-18 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Bifurcated stent
US8685074B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2014-04-01 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Balloon catheter
US7695389B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2010-04-13 Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg Conductive polymer drive for actuating eccentric members of a motor
CA2657435A1 (en) 2006-07-10 2008-07-03 Medipacs, Inc. Super elastic epoxy hydrogel
US7732999B2 (en) 2006-11-03 2010-06-08 Danfoss A/S Direct acting capacitive transducer
US7880371B2 (en) 2006-11-03 2011-02-01 Danfoss A/S Dielectric composite and a method of manufacturing a dielectric composite
US7956520B2 (en) * 2006-11-24 2011-06-07 North Carolina State University Electroactive nanostructured polymers as tunable organic actuators
WO2008076846A2 (en) 2006-12-14 2008-06-26 Artificial Muscle, Inc. Fault-tolerant materials and methods of fabricating the same
US7492076B2 (en) * 2006-12-29 2009-02-17 Artificial Muscle, Inc. Electroactive polymer transducers biased for increased output
JP5602626B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2014-10-08 アーティフィシャル マッスル，インク． Electroactive polymer transducer for sensory feedback applications
US7893965B2 (en) * 2007-08-08 2011-02-22 Bayer Materialscience Ag Optical lens image stabilization systems
US20090062913A1 (en) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-05 Laxminarayana Saggere Light powered microactuator, microfluidic dispenser and retinal prosthesis
KR20100122896A (en) * 2007-11-21 2010-11-23 아트피셜 머슬, 인코퍼레이션 Electroactive polymer transducers for tactile feedback devices
US9995295B2 (en) 2007-12-03 2018-06-12 Medipacs, Inc. Fluid metering device
US8638024B2 (en) * 2008-02-29 2014-01-28 Auckland Uniservices, Limited Actuator
US20090259093A1 (en) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-15 Bhat Nikhil D Artificial sphincter with piezoelectric actuator
WO2009132651A1 (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-11-05 Danfoss A/S A pump powered by a polymer transducer
US20110186759A1 (en) * 2008-04-30 2011-08-04 Danfoss Polypower A/S Power actuated valve
CA2730891A1 (en) 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Braun Gmbh Electro-polymer motor
US8704423B2 (en) * 2008-08-22 2014-04-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Asymmetric dielectric elastomer composite material
US8133199B2 (en) 2008-08-27 2012-03-13 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Electroactive polymer activation system for a medical device
US8222799B2 (en) * 2008-11-05 2012-07-17 Bayer Materialscience Ag Surface deformation electroactive polymer transducers
US8237324B2 (en) * 2008-12-10 2012-08-07 The Regents Of The University Of California Bistable electroactive polymers
WO2010077465A1 (en) 2008-12-30 2010-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Electroactive polymers and articles containing them
EP2239793A1 (en) 2009-04-11 2010-10-13 Bayer MaterialScience AG Electrically switchable polymer film structure and use thereof
US8372145B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2013-02-12 Hisham M. F. SHERIF Implantable artificial ventricle having low energy requirement
WO2011032011A1 (en) 2009-09-10 2011-03-17 Medipacs, Inc. Low profile actuator and improved method of caregiver controlled administration of therapeutics
US9500186B2 (en) 2010-02-01 2016-11-22 Medipacs, Inc. High surface area polymer actuator with gas mitigating components
WO2011094877A1 (en) * 2010-02-08 2011-08-11 Optotune Ag Input device with elastic membrane
US20130194082A1 (en) 2010-03-17 2013-08-01 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Static analysis of audio signals for generation of discernable feedback
TWI542269B (en) 2011-03-01 2016-07-11 拜耳材料科學股份有限公司 Automated manufacturing processes for producing deformable polymer devices and films
KR20140019801A (en) 2011-03-22 2014-02-17 바이엘 인텔렉쳐 프로퍼티 게엠베하 Electroactive polymer actuator lenticular system
DE102011080128A1 (en) 2011-07-29 2013-01-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Process for producing bendable EAP generators
WO2013020236A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 Optotune Ag Input device
US8891222B2 (en) 2012-02-14 2014-11-18 Danfoss A/S Capacitive transducer and a method for manufacturing a transducer
US8692442B2 (en) 2012-02-14 2014-04-08 Danfoss Polypower A/S Polymer transducer and a connector for a transducer
CA2906274A1 (en) 2012-03-14 2013-09-19 Medipacs, Inc. Smart polymer materials with excess reactive molecules
EP2828901B1 (en) 2012-03-21 2017-01-04 Parker Hannifin Corporation Roll-to-roll manufacturing processes for producing self-healing electroactive polymer devices
WO2013192143A1 (en) 2012-06-18 2013-12-27 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Stretch frame for stretching process
US9590193B2 (en) 2012-10-24 2017-03-07 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Polymer diode
WO2014079913A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 Konrad Gmbh Method and device for testing a workpiece
TW201444127A (en) 2012-12-07 2014-11-16 Bayer Ip Gmbh Electroactive polymer actuated aperture
WO2014117125A1 (en) 2013-01-28 2014-07-31 Bayer Materialscience Llc Electroactive polymer actuators and feedback system therefor
WO2015020698A2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-02-12 Bayer Materialscience Ag Electroactive polymer actuated air flow thermal management module
WO2014160757A2 (en) 2013-03-26 2014-10-02 Bayer Materialscience Ag Independent tunig of audio devices employing electroactive polymer actuators
US9871183B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2018-01-16 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Electrostrictive element
US10020440B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2018-07-10 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Electrostrictive element and manufacturing method therefor
US10020439B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2018-07-10 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Electrostrictive element
WO2017145103A1 (en) * 2016-02-24 2017-08-31 Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) Electroadhesive device, system and method for gripping
US20180243110A1 (en) * 2017-02-27 2018-08-30 Intel Corporation Robotic apparatus with an actuator formed by fibers
EP3762618A4 (en) 2018-03-04 2021-12-01 The Regents Of The University Of Colorado Hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic transducers harnessing zipping mechanism
US11632063B1 (en) * 2019-08-27 2023-04-18 Meta Platforms Technologies, Llc Structured actuators
CN111463179B (en) * 2020-05-08 2022-03-04 西安交通大学 Elastic turbulence based ultra-low flow resistance micro-channel liquid cooling heat exchanger and manufacturing method thereof
US11827459B2 (en) 2020-10-16 2023-11-28 Artimus Robotics Inc. Control of conveyor systems using hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic (HASEL) actuators
CN112524664B (en) * 2020-11-19 2023-02-17 华帝股份有限公司 Air volume control method and system for central flue system
US11539310B2 (en) 2021-01-28 2022-12-27 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Artificial muscles comprising an electrode pair having fan portions and artificial muscle assemblies including same
US11689123B2 (en) * 2021-03-30 2023-06-27 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Modular inflation systems and inflation segments including artificial muscles
CN113729712A (en) * 2021-08-27 2021-12-03 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 Sensor
US11542925B1 (en) 2021-09-14 2023-01-03 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Hybrid actuation device
CN113623358B (en) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-10 睿丰自动化科技海门有限公司 Mechanical equipment antidetonation frame of high stability

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1902849C3 (en) * 1968-01-25 1978-06-29 Pioneer Electronic Corp., Tokio Mechanical-electrical or electrical-mechanical converter
US3832280A (en) 1972-02-14 1974-08-27 American Smelting Refining Coating asbestos fiber with aluminum sulfate prior to forming a cementasbestos slurry from the treated fibers to enhance the filtering characteristics of the slurries
US4051395A (en) 1975-08-08 1977-09-27 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Weight actuated piezoelectric polymeric transducer
GB8507596D0 (en) 1985-03-23 1985-05-01 Fulmer Res Inst Ltd Piezoelectric transducer
US5024872A (en) 1986-02-27 1991-06-18 Raytheon Company Sheets of stretched and polarized polymer materials and method of manufacturer
US4843275A (en) 1988-01-19 1989-06-27 Pennwalt Corporation Air buoyant piezoelectric polymeric film microphone
CA2032015A1 (en) 1990-12-11 1992-06-12 Martin Perlman Method to double the piezo - and pyroelectric constants of polyvinylinde fluoride (pvdf) films
US5356500A (en) 1992-03-20 1994-10-18 Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey Piezoelectric laminate films and processes for their manufacture
US5430565A (en) 1992-06-02 1995-07-04 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Uniaxially stretched negative birefringent film and liquid crystal display having the same
US5471721A (en) * 1993-02-23 1995-12-05 Research Corporation Technologies, Inc. Method for making monolithic prestressed ceramic devices
US5642015A (en) 1993-07-14 1997-06-24 The University Of British Columbia Elastomeric micro electro mechanical systems
US5869189A (en) 1994-04-19 1999-02-09 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Composites for structural control
US5440194A (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-08-08 Beurrier; Henry R. Piezoelectric actuators
US5977685A (en) 1996-02-15 1999-11-02 Nitta Corporation Polyurethane elastomer actuator
WO1997036365A1 (en) 1996-03-26 1997-10-02 Stefan Johansson An actuator motor and a method for fabrication of such an actuator
DE19636909C1 (en) * 1996-09-11 1998-03-26 Friedrich Prof Dr Kremer Electromechanical and/or mechanical-electrical converter
JP4388603B2 (en) 1997-02-07 2009-12-24 エス アール アイ・インターナショナル Elastic dielectric polymer film acoustic wave actuator
US6060811A (en) 1997-07-25 2000-05-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States National Aeronautics And Space Administration Advanced layered composite polylaminate electroactive actuator and sensor
US6084321A (en) 1997-08-11 2000-07-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Conducting polymer driven rotary motor
US6249076B1 (en) * 1998-04-14 2001-06-19 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Conducting polymer actuator
US6184608B1 (en) 1998-12-29 2001-02-06 Honeywell International Inc. Polymer microactuator array with macroscopic force and displacement
JP5714200B2 (en) 1999-07-20 2015-05-07 エスアールアイ インターナショナルＳＲＩ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Improved electroactive polymer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001059852A3 (en) 2002-02-21
WO2001059852A2 (en) 2001-08-16
WO2001059852A9 (en) 2002-10-24
WO2001059852A8 (en) 2001-10-18
US6664718B2 (en) 2003-12-16
US20010026165A1 (en) 2001-10-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2001059852B1 (en) Monolithic electroactive polymers
WO2001058973A3 (en) Energy efficient electroactive polymers and electroactive polymer devices
EP1848046A3 (en) Electroactive polymers
ATE259099T1 (en) PIEZOACTUATORIC DRIVE OR ADJUSTMENT ELEMENT
US6707236B2 (en) Non-contact electroactive polymer electrodes
EP0993055A3 (en) Piezoelectric actuator and electronic apparatus with piezoelectric actuator
EP1202099A3 (en) Electrostatic actuator and camera module using the same
US6888291B2 (en) Electrical system for electrostrictive bimorph actuator
US8330331B2 (en) Piezoelectric power generator
JPH11146664A (en) Electrostriction actuator
CA2316843A1 (en) Piezoelectric transducer
WO2004079832A3 (en) Rolled electroactive polymers
US11904360B2 (en) Acoustic wave transducer and driving method thereof
JP3538976B2 (en) Stacked actuator and moving device
WO2002099904A3 (en) Electromechanical converter comprising at least one piezoelectric element
AU1451295A (en) Positioning apparatus
US6188160B1 (en) Smart material control system and related method
US6175182B1 (en) Pseudo-shear mode actuator
JP2913685B2 (en) Piezo actuator
US20070114855A1 (en) Actuator
SU1188797A1 (en) Contact system for switching devices
SU1405015A1 (en) Optical deflector
KR101951177B1 (en) Impact type vibration actuator using electroactive gel
KR100280257B1 (en) Piezo / electric distortion actuator
WO2002091492A3 (en) Electrostrictive bending transducer

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: C1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: C1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

CFP Corrected version of a pamphlet front page
CR1 Correction of entry in section i

Free format text: PAT. BUL. 33/2001 UNDER (30) REPLACE "NOT FURNISHED" BY "09/779203"

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: C2

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: C2

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

COP Corrected version of pamphlet

Free format text: PAGES 1/8-8/8, DRAWINGS, REPLACED BY NEW PAGES 1/8-8/8; DUE TO LATE TRANSMITTAL BY THE RECEIVING OFFICE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP