WO2003044870A1 - Light-emitting diode illuminating optical device - Google Patents

Light-emitting diode illuminating optical device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003044870A1
WO2003044870A1 PCT/FR2001/003696 FR0103696W WO03044870A1 WO 2003044870 A1 WO2003044870 A1 WO 2003044870A1 FR 0103696 W FR0103696 W FR 0103696W WO 03044870 A1 WO03044870 A1 WO 03044870A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
leds
optical
light
lighting
optical part
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2001/003696
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mireille Georges
Claude Noerdinger
Original Assignee
Mireille Georges
Claude Noerdinger
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mireille Georges, Claude Noerdinger filed Critical Mireille Georges
Priority to PCT/FR2001/003696 priority Critical patent/WO2003044870A1/en
Priority to AU2002222025A priority patent/AU2002222025A1/en
Publication of WO2003044870A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003044870A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
    • F21S8/085—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
    • F21S8/086—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light with lighting device attached sideways of the standard, e.g. for roads and highways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
    • F21S9/026—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by using wind power, e.g. using wind turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
    • F21S9/03—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
    • F21S9/04—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a generator
    • F21S9/043—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a generator driven by wind power, e.g. by wind turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/02—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
    • F21V17/02—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages with provision for adjustment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/02—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders with provision for adjustment, e.g. for focusing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/007—Array of lenses or refractors for a cluster of light sources, e.g. for arrangement of multiple light sources in one plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2121/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for decorative purposes, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/103—Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2107/00—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
    • F21Y2107/50—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on planar substrates or supports, but arranged in different planes or with differing orientation, e.g. on plate-shaped supports with steps on which light-generating elements are mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/72—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps in street lighting

Definitions

  • Optical lighting device with light-emitting diodes Optical lighting device with light-emitting diodes.
  • the present invention relates to a lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, with high brightness, very energy efficient and a very long life, including the directional light source, redirected and spread by one or more transparent optical parts, allows lighting or beaconing at low voltage, in particular using autonomous electrical energy supply devices based on the capture and storage of natural solar or wind energy.
  • Lighting systems or devices have been produced to date using incandescent, fluorescent, halogen or neon lamps.
  • the light-emitting diodes also called LED (Light Emetting Diodes), energy efficient, could only be used before, only for a use limited to indicator lights of colors red, yellow, amber, green, or blue, including the unit of measurement of light intensity was between 30 and 800 milliCandelas, the absence of sufficiently powerful diodes and emitting a white color did not allow then to envisage an identical lighting or beacon both in power than in illumination color to that of incandescent filament lamps, or fluorescent lamps.
  • LED Light Emetting Diodes
  • diodes or LEDs are indicator lights or for controlling computer or robotic equipment, computers, video, audio or household appliances.
  • grouping of these diodes, most of the time red or yellow in color is intended to form scrolling messages of luminous journals, controlled by software connected to integrated circuits.
  • the light beam emitted is thus very powerful in distance (around fifty meters) with a very narrow angle of illumination (6 to 10 degrees), to the detriment of a spread light spread required in traditional lighting (30 to 360 degrees d 'angle).
  • this type of diode could not be used and substituted for traditional means of lighting, domestic, industrial or urban, without first considering the transformation of the point light emitted, using devices capable of redirecting, spread and equalize the light according to the various angles imposed by the most common lighting needs.
  • the lighting obtained using these light-emitting diodes will be 20 to 50 times more energy efficient (on average 6 Watts instead of 150 Watts) and with a lifespan 15 times longer traditional lighting (150,000 hours instead of 10,000 hours).
  • the purpose of the invention was therefore to draw up specifications and to resolve the technical problems linked to the development of this light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and in particular:
  • the invention therefore aims to provide solutions to the specifications thus constituted from the first to the fifth point described above.
  • the invention therefore relates to a lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with high brightness, very energy efficient, whose directional light source emitted at an acute angle, is redirected, spread and filtered by one or more optical parts made of a transparent material, thus allowing lighting or beaconing at low voltage either using alternating electric current transformed into low voltage or using autonomous electrical energy supply devices based on the capture, regulation and storage of natural solar or wind energy.
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • the invention comprises (plate 1/9 in Figure 1 and plate 4/9 in Figures 4 and 5), a sealed cover (16) which contains a housing (7) made of plastic or insulating material, assembled by 4 screws ( 13) to an optical part (1), the printed circuit (10) is iui itself assembled by 4 rods (1 7) integral with the housing (7).
  • the optical part (1) is made of a transparent material having a refractive index equal to that of glass, preferably made of transparent or transparent plastic, tinted or in some cases diffusing (including acrylic glass of brands Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), the concave optical housings (2) made in the optical part (1) are polished and transparent.
  • the printed circuit (10) is supplied with electric current by the supply wire (15) connected to a supply preferably located outside the device comprising a transformer whose regulated and regulated and filtered voltage, makes it possible to deliver the voltage necessary for the correct supply of LEDs (5) preferably at low voltage (3, 6, 9, 12, 24 or 48 volts) or at high voltage (1 10 or 220 volts).
  • the housing (7) of plastic or insulating material, assembled by 4 screws (13) to the optical part (1) contains the printed circuit (10) beforehand drilled with 4 holes corresponding to the axes of the 4 rods (17) integral with the housing (7) so as to allow sliding with little play, the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5) thus made mobile on the 4 rods (17 ).
  • the micrometric worm screw (12) acting by its thread (6a) on the nut (6) integral with the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5), allows by screwing or unscrewing the micrometric worm screw (12) emerging in a hole (11) made in the optical part (1), to vary the focal distance between the LEDs (5) and the concave optical housings (2) of the optical part (1) and consequently to vary according to the lighting requirements, the lighting angle (F) thus obtained.
  • the LEDs are positioned in the axis (A) and perpendicular to the concave optical housings (2) facing them, formed in the optical part (1) in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, the details and profiles of which machining is described in the fourth characteristic.
  • the optical part (1) is made of a transparent material having a refractive index equal to that of glass, preferably made of transparent or transparent plastic, tinted or in some cases diffusing (including acrylic glass of brands Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), the concave optical housings (2) are polished and transparent.
  • the supply of electrical energy is carried out under the same conditions as in the first characteristic.
  • the housing (7) of plastic or insulating material, assembled by 4 screws (13) to the optical part (1) contains the fixed printed circuit (10) on 4 rods (17) integral with the housing (7).
  • the micrometric worm screw (12) acting by its thread (6a) on the nut (6) inserted in a mobile optical part (4) comprising concave optical housings (3), previously drilled with 4 holes corresponding to the axes of the 4 rods (17) allows by screwing or unscrewing the micrometric worm screw (12) opening into a hole (1 1) made in the optical part (1), to vary the focal distance between the LEDs (5) and the optical part mobile (4), likewise in the opposite direction the focal distance between the mobile optical part (4) and the fixed optical part (1) and consequently to vary the lighting angle (F) thus obtained by the fixed position LEDs (5) as a function of the position of the concave optical housings (2) and (3) of the optical parts (1) and (4).
  • the LEDs are positioned in the axis (A) and perpendicular to the concave optical housings (2) and (3) facing them, formed in the fixed optical (1) and mobile (4) parts, in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, the details and machining profiles of which are described in the fourth characteristic.
  • the optical part (1) as well as the movable optical part (4) are made of a transparent material having a refractive index equal to that of glass, preferably in transparent or transparent plastic material tinted or in certain cases diffusing (including glass acrylic brands Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), the concave optical housings (2) and (3) are polished and transparent.
  • the supply of electrical energy is carried out under the same conditions as in the first characteristic.
  • the concave optical housings (2) and (3) polished and transparent, fixed (1) or mobile (4) optical parts ( Figure 3), depending on the case, different machining or hollow molding profiles holding the hemisphere or polyhedron ( Figures 6, 7 and 8), in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, symmetrical to the no positioning of the LEDs (5) (figure 7), either with a spherical concave profile (20), or a triangular or trapezoidal concave profile (21),
  • the concave optical housings (2) and (3) can be machined or molded according to one of the preceding profiles with an inclination of a determined angle (22), the positioning axis (A) of the LEDs (5) is then tilted at the same angle (Figure 8), in order to always center the directional light emitted by the LEDs (5) in the axis (A) of the concave optical housings (2) thus forming a beam of light widened at an angle (F ) variable according to the profiles and diameters of machining or molding used for the concave optical housings (2) and (3), ( Figures 6, 7 and 8).
  • the machined plane face of the fixed optical part (1) is either frosted, or coated with an adherent paint or a background screen printing forming a decoration (19) ( Figures 7 and 8), or covered with a thin intermediate plate (19a) ( Figure 6), coated identically and pierced in symmetry at the same pitch as the concave optical housings (2) of the optical part (1) left in the latter case completely transparent.
  • a device here comprising a lighting assembly on a mast, assembles by means of the sealed cover (16) LED lighting systems described from the first to the fifth characteristic (FIG.
  • the face (24), opposite to the solar collector (23) is machined in step with the solar cells, with continuous milling or recesses and polished, triangular or rounded (25) at an angle (G) at least open at 45 ° to the horizontal, intended to redirect sunlight towards the face of the sensor (23) while making the most of the properties of diffraction of sunlight (L ) in the transparent part (14) thus transformed, whatever the orientation of the sensor (23) relative to the position of the sun.
  • this solar collector (23) recharges low-voltage electric current, through the regulator (26), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to power the LEDs (5) during the night period, by triggering the twilight cell (28).
  • a device here representing a lighting assembly on a mast, assembles by means of the sealed cover (16) one of the LED lighting systems described from the first to the fifth characteristic.
  • An air turbine integral with an alternator (29) recharges low-voltage electric current, through the regulator (30), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to supply the LEDs (5) during the night period by triggering the twilight cell (28).
  • a device here representing a lighting assembly on a mast, assembles by means of the sealed cover (16) one of the LED lighting systems described from the first to the fifth characteristic.
  • the invention is particularly indicated in the design and manufacture of lighting of all types, autonomous or not, in particular in public, industrial or domestic lighting in substitution for lamps intended for lighting traditional, in view of their very low consumption of electrical energy and their long service life compared, as well as whenever it is desirable to use an autonomous device for electrical supply, in particular when it is economically impossible or technically to create a connection line to the electrical network.

Abstract

The invention concerns an illuminating device using light-emitting diode (LED) properties, with high luminosity, very economical, redirected and scattered by one or several transparent optical components, providing illumination powered either by the power grid, or solar or wind turbine energy. The device consists in particular of a housing (7) containing the printed circuit (10) sliding on four rods (17), the transparent optical component (1) is assembled to the housing (7) with four screws (13). The endless micrometer screw (12) vary by screwing and unscrewing the illuminating angle (F) by modifying the focal distance between the LED's (5) and the polished concave optical housings (2) positioned in the same axis. The printed circuit (10) bearing the LED's (5) is supplied with electric power by the supply line (15). The inventive device is designed for illumination, in particular when there is need for an economical self-powered illumination device.

Description

Dispositif optique d'éclairage à diodes électroluminescentes. Optical lighting device with light-emitting diodes.
La présente invention concerne un dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie et d'une très grande durée de vie, dont la source de lumière directionnelle, redirigée et étalée par une ou plusieurs pièces optiques transparentes, permet l'éclairage ou le balisage en bas voltage notamment à l'aide de dispositifs autonomes d'alimentation en énergie électrique basés sur la captation et le stockage des énergies naturelles solaires ou éoliennes.The present invention relates to a lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, with high brightness, very energy efficient and a very long life, including the directional light source, redirected and spread by one or more transparent optical parts, allows lighting or beaconing at low voltage, in particular using autonomous electrical energy supply devices based on the capture and storage of natural solar or wind energy.
Les systèmes ou appareillages destinés à l'éclairage étaient réalisés jusquà aujourd'hui à l'aide de lampes à incandescence, fluorescente, halogène, ou néon.Lighting systems or devices have been produced to date using incandescent, fluorescent, halogen or neon lamps.
La consommation relativement importante de ces lampes ( de 4W à 300W selon les besoins d'éclairage), alimentées principalement en 220 volts, leur durée de vie relativement courte (en moyenne 10.000 heures), leur dégagement de chaleur relativement important (50 à 120°), l'impossibilité de les faire clignoter sans écourter leur durée de vie (éclairage de sécurité ou routier...), limitent leur utilisation et n'autorisent qu'une alimentation par le réseau électrique alternatif, sans possibilité sérieuse d'être alimentées en autonomie d'énergie.The relatively high consumption of these lamps (from 4W to 300W depending on lighting needs), supplied mainly with 220 volts, their relatively short lifespan (on average 10,000 hours), their relatively high heat generation (50 to 120 ° ), the impossibility of making them blink without shortening their lifespan (security or road lighting ...), limit their use and only authorize a supply by the alternative electrical network, without serious possibility of being supplied in energy autonomy.
Les diodes électroluminescentes appelées aussi LED (Light Emetting Diodes), économes en énergie, ne pouvaient être utilisées auparavant, que pour un usage limité à des voyants lumineux de couleurs rouge, jaune, ambre, vert, ou bleu, dont l'unité de mesure d'intensité lumineuse était compris entre 30 et 800 milliCandelas, l'absence de diodes suffisamment puissantes et émettant une couleur blanche ne permettait pas alors d'envisager un éclairage ou un balisage identique tant en puissance qu'en couleur d'éclairement à celui de lampes à filament incandescent, ou de lampes fluorescentes.The light-emitting diodes also called LED (Light Emetting Diodes), energy efficient, could only be used before, only for a use limited to indicator lights of colors red, yellow, amber, green, or blue, including the unit of measurement of light intensity was between 30 and 800 milliCandelas, the absence of sufficiently powerful diodes and emitting a white color did not allow then to envisage an identical lighting or beacon both in power than in illumination color to that of incandescent filament lamps, or fluorescent lamps.
L'exemple pratique des utilisations les plus connues de ce type de diodes ou LED sont les voyants lumineux ou de contrôle de matériels informatiques ou robotiques, d'ordinateurs, d'appareils vidéos, audios, ou ménagers. Dans une autre utilisation connue, le groupement de ces diodes, la plupart du temps de couleur rouge ou jaune, est destiné à former les messages à défilement de journaux lumineux, pilotées par des logiciels reliés à des circuits intégrés.The practical example of the best known uses of this type of diodes or LEDs are indicator lights or for controlling computer or robotic equipment, computers, video, audio or household appliances. In another known use, the grouping of these diodes, most of the time red or yellow in color, is intended to form scrolling messages of luminous journals, controlled by software connected to integrated circuits.
L'apparition sur le marché au cours de l'année 1999, de diodes électroluminescentes blanches à très faible consommation d'énergie (20 MilliAmpères par LED) et à très grande luminosité (5 à 15 Candelas, soit équivalent à 5 à 15 Watts lampe) alimentées en très bas voltage (3 à 4 Volts par diode) permet aujourd'hui d'envisager leur utilisation notamment groupée au lieu et place de lampes d'éclairage de type classique (incandescence, fluorescence ou néon) leur durée de vie étant environ de 150.000 heures.The appearance on the market in 1999 of white light-emitting diodes with very low energy consumption (20 MilliAmps per LED) and very high brightness (5 to 15 Candelas, equivalent to 5 to 15 Watts lamp ) supplied with very low voltage (3 to 4 Volts per diode) today to consider their use, in particular grouped instead of conventional lighting lamps (incandescent, fluorescence or neon), their lifespan being approximately 150,000 hours.
Cependant, la particularité de ces diodes électroluminescentes à grande luminosité, est que, plus la luminosité est grande, plus le faisceau de lumière est étroit (6 à 10 degrés d'angle), ainsi limité par la structure même de ce composant électronique.However, the peculiarity of these high-luminosity light-emitting diodes is that, the greater the luminosity, the narrower the beam of light (6 to 10 degrees of angle), thus limited by the very structure of this electronic component.
Le faisceau lumineux émis est ainsi très puissant en distance (une cinquantaine de mètres) avec un angle d'éclairement très étroit (6 à 10 degrés), au détriment d'une propagation lumineuse étalée réclamée dans un éclairage traditionnel (30 à 360 degrés d'angle).The light beam emitted is thus very powerful in distance (around fifty meters) with a very narrow angle of illumination (6 to 10 degrees), to the detriment of a spread light spread required in traditional lighting (30 to 360 degrees d 'angle).
En cet état de la technique ce type de diode ne pouvait être utilisé et substitué aux moyens d'éclairage traditionnels, domestique, industriel ou urbain, sans envisager préalablement la transformation de la lumière ponctuelle émise, à l'aide de dispositifs propres à rediriger, étaler et égaliser la lumière selon les angles divers imposés par les besoins d"éclairage les plus courants.In this state of the art, this type of diode could not be used and substituted for traditional means of lighting, domestic, industrial or urban, without first considering the transformation of the point light emitted, using devices capable of redirecting, spread and equalize the light according to the various angles imposed by the most common lighting needs.
Une fois cette mise au point effectuée, l'éclairage obtenu à l'aide de ces diodes électroluminescentes sera 20 à 50 fois plus économe en énergie (en moyenne 6 Watts au lieu de 150 Watts) et d'une durée de vie 15 fois supérieure à un éclairage traditionnel (150.000 heures au lieu de 10.000 heures).Once this adjustment has been made, the lighting obtained using these light-emitting diodes will be 20 to 50 times more energy efficient (on average 6 Watts instead of 150 Watts) and with a lifespan 15 times longer traditional lighting (150,000 hours instead of 10,000 hours).
Le but de l'Invention était donc de dresser un cahier des charges et de régler les problèmes techniques liés à la mise au point de cet éclairage à diodes électroluminescentes (LED) et notamment :The purpose of the invention was therefore to draw up specifications and to resolve the technical problems linked to the development of this light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and in particular:
1 °) De répartir au moyen de dispositifs optiques simples et adaptés les rayons de lumière ponctuelle et directionnelle provenant de ces diodes électroluminescentes groupées selon un pas variable, en fonction de leur rendement lumineux, pour en obtenir une lumière redirigée et égalisée.1 °) To distribute by means of simple and suitable optical devices the rays of point and directional light coming from these light-emitting diodes grouped according to a variable pitch, according to their light output, to obtain a redirected and equalized light.
2°) D'envisager plusieurs systèmes de répartition optique de la lumière en rapport avec l'angle d'éclairage et le rayonnement souhaité dans les applications domestiques industrielles et urbaines les plus courantes.2 °) To consider several optical light distribution systems in relation to the lighting angle and the desired radiation in the most common industrial and urban household applications.
3°) De concevoir des systèmes de liaison électronique de ces diodes électroluminescentes lorsqu'elles sont groupées, pour former des lampes ou des rampes d'éclairage avec leurs raccordements ou connexions. 4°) D'implanter ce dispositif dans une infrastructure compatible en encombrement et en esthétique, avec la commercialisation d'un concept destiné principalement aux Marchés de l'éclairage et du balisage, ayant pour base la technique de l'éclairage au moyen de diodes électroluminescentes.3 °) To design electronic link systems for these light-emitting diodes when they are grouped, to form lamps or light bars with their connections or connections. 4 °) to set up this device in an infrastructure compatible in size and aesthetics, with the marketing of a concept intended mainly for the lighting and beaconing markets, based on the technique of lighting by means of diodes emitting.
5°) De concevoir un dispositif électronique alimenté soit par le secteur électrique alternatif transformé en courant continu, soit autonome au moyen des énergies renouvelables, comprenant les sources d'éclairage constituées par les LED, ainsi que le système de captation et de stockage de l'énergie naturelle (capteur solaire, eolienne...), le générateur, le régulateur de tension filtrée, l'accumulateur et la cellule de commande jour-nuit.5 °) To design an electronic device powered either by the alternative electrical sector transformed into direct current, or autonomous by means of renewable energies, including the sources of lighting constituted by LEDs, as well as the system of capture and storage of the natural energy (solar collector, wind turbine ...), generator, filtered voltage regulator, accumulator and day-night control cell.
Une fois résolus les problèmes sus-décrits, les avantages les plus remarquables du dispositif sont :Once the above-described problems have been resolved, the most remarkable advantages of the device are:
- sa faible consommation énergétique et son rendement lumineux élevé,- its low energy consumption and its high light output,
- sa durée de vie d'éclairage (environ 150.000 heures),- its lighting service life (around 150,000 hours),
- la possibilité d'assurer son alimentation sans dépendance énergétique du réseau électrique, - sa diversité d'applications par son fonctionnement à base d'électronique alliée à la propriété des diodes électroluminescentes, (clignotement, télécommande).- the possibility of ensuring its supply without energy dependence on the electrical network, - its diversity of applications by its electronic-based operation combined with the property of light-emitting diodes (flashing, remote control).
L'Invention a donc pour but d'apporter les solutions au cahier des charges ainsi constitué du premier au cinquième point décrits plus haut.The invention therefore aims to provide solutions to the specifications thus constituted from the first to the fifth point described above.
L'Invention concerne donc un dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes (LED) à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, dont la source de lumière directionnelle émise selon un angle aigu, est redirigée, étalée et filtrée par une ou plusieurs pièces optiques constituées d'un matériau transparent, permettant ainsi l'éclairage ou le balisage en bas voltage soit à l'aide du courant électrique alternatif transformé en bas voltage soit à l'aide de dispositifs autonomes d'alimentation en énergie électrique basés sur la captation, la régulation et le stockage des énergies naturelles solaires ou éoliennes.The invention therefore relates to a lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with high brightness, very energy efficient, whose directional light source emitted at an acute angle, is redirected, spread and filtered by one or more optical parts made of a transparent material, thus allowing lighting or beaconing at low voltage either using alternating electric current transformed into low voltage or using autonomous electrical energy supply devices based on the capture, regulation and storage of natural solar or wind energy.
Selon une première caractéristique l'invention comporte (planche 1/9 figure 1 et planche 4/9 figures 4 et 5), un couvercle étanche (16) qui contient un boîtier (7) en matière plastique ou isolante, assemblé par 4 vis (13) à une pièce optique (1 ), le circuit imprimé (10) est iui-même assemblé par 4 tiges (1 7) solidaires du boîtier (7).According to a first characteristic, the invention comprises (plate 1/9 in Figure 1 and plate 4/9 in Figures 4 and 5), a sealed cover (16) which contains a housing (7) made of plastic or insulating material, assembled by 4 screws ( 13) to an optical part (1), the printed circuit (10) is iui itself assembled by 4 rods (1 7) integral with the housing (7).
Sur le circuit imprimé (10) sont soudées une ou plusieurs rangées de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED (5) positionnées dans l'axe (A) et perpendiculaires aux logements optiques concaves (2) leur faisant face, pratiqués par usinage ou moulage dans la pièce optique (1 ) selon un pas régulier ou irrégulier de (X) millimètres, dont les détails et profils d'usinages sont décrits dans la quatrième caractéristique,On the printed circuit (10) are soldered one or more rows of light-emitting diodes or LEDs (5) positioned in the axis (A) and perpendicular to the concave optical housings (2) facing them, formed by machining or molding in the optical part (1) in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, the details and profiles of machining of which are described in the fourth characteristic,
La pièce optique (1 ) est constituée dans un matériau transparent possédant un indice de réfraction égal à celui du verre, de préférence en matière plastique transparente ou transparente teintée ou dans certains cas diffusante (dont le verre acrylique de marques Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), les logements concaves optiques (2) pratiqués dans la pièce optique (1 ) sont polis et transparents.The optical part (1) is made of a transparent material having a refractive index equal to that of glass, preferably made of transparent or transparent plastic, tinted or in some cases diffusing (including acrylic glass of brands Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), the concave optical housings (2) made in the optical part (1) are polished and transparent.
Le circuit imprimé (10), est alimenté en courant électrique par le fil d'alimentation (15) relié à une alimentation située de préférence à l'extérieur du dispositif comprenant un transformateur dont la tension redressée régulée et filtrée, permet de délivrer la tension nécessaire à la correcte alimentation des LED (5) de préférence en bas-voltage, ( 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 ou 48 volts) ou en haut voltage (1 10 ou 220 volts).The printed circuit (10) is supplied with electric current by the supply wire (15) connected to a supply preferably located outside the device comprising a transformer whose regulated and regulated and filtered voltage, makes it possible to deliver the voltage necessary for the correct supply of LEDs (5) preferably at low voltage (3, 6, 9, 12, 24 or 48 volts) or at high voltage (1 10 or 220 volts).
Selon une seconde caractéristique de l'invention (planche 2/9, figure 2) le boîtier (7) en matière plastique ou isolante, assemblé par 4 vis (13) à la pièce optique (1 ) contient le circuit imprimé (10) préalablement percé de 4 trous correspondants aux axes des 4 tiges (17) solidaires du boîtier (7) de manière à laisser coulisser avec un faible jeu, le circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED (5) rendu ainsi mobile sur les 4 tiges (17). La vis micrométrique sans fin (12) agissant par son filetage (6a) sur l'écrou (6) solidaire du circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED (5), permet en vissant ou dévissant la vis micrométrique sans fin (12) débouchant dans un trou (11) pratiqué dans la pièce optique (1), de faire varier la distance focale entre les LED (5) et les logements optiques concaves (2) de la pièce optique (1) et par conséquence de faire varier selon les besoins d'éclairage, l'angle d'éclairement (F) ainsi obtenu.According to a second characteristic of the invention (plate 2/9, Figure 2) the housing (7) of plastic or insulating material, assembled by 4 screws (13) to the optical part (1) contains the printed circuit (10) beforehand drilled with 4 holes corresponding to the axes of the 4 rods (17) integral with the housing (7) so as to allow sliding with little play, the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5) thus made mobile on the 4 rods (17 ). The micrometric worm screw (12) acting by its thread (6a) on the nut (6) integral with the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5), allows by screwing or unscrewing the micrometric worm screw (12) emerging in a hole (11) made in the optical part (1), to vary the focal distance between the LEDs (5) and the concave optical housings (2) of the optical part (1) and consequently to vary according to the lighting requirements, the lighting angle (F) thus obtained.
Les LED sont positionnées dans l'axe (A) et perpendiculaires aux logements optiques concaves (2) leur faisant face, pratiqués dans la pièce optique (1) selon un pas régulier ou irrégulier de (X) millimètres, dont les détails et profils d'usinages sont décrits dans la quatrième caractéristique. La pièce optique (1) est constituée dans un matériau transparent possédant un indice de réfraction égal à celui du verre, de préférence en matière plastique transparente ou transparente teintée ou dans certains cas diffusante (dont le verre acrylique de marques Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), les logements concaves optiques (2) sont polis et transparents.The LEDs are positioned in the axis (A) and perpendicular to the concave optical housings (2) facing them, formed in the optical part (1) in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, the details and profiles of which machining is described in the fourth characteristic. The optical part (1) is made of a transparent material having a refractive index equal to that of glass, preferably made of transparent or transparent plastic, tinted or in some cases diffusing (including acrylic glass of brands Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), the concave optical housings (2) are polished and transparent.
L'alimentation en énergie électrique s'effectue dans les mêmes conditions que dans la première caractéristique. Selon une troisième caractéristique de l'invention (planche 3/9, figure 3) le boîtier (7) en matière plastique ou isolante, assemblé par 4 vis (13) à la pièce optique (1) contient le circuit imprimé (10) fixé sur 4 tiges (17) solidaires du boîtier (7).The supply of electrical energy is carried out under the same conditions as in the first characteristic. According to a third characteristic of the invention (plate 3/9, Figure 3) the housing (7) of plastic or insulating material, assembled by 4 screws (13) to the optical part (1) contains the fixed printed circuit (10) on 4 rods (17) integral with the housing (7).
La vis micrométrique sans fin (12) agissant par son filetage (6a) sur l'écrou (6) inséré dans une pièce optique mobile (4) comportant des logements optiques concaves (3), préalablement percée de 4 trous correspondants aux axes des 4 tiges (17) permet en vissant ou dévissant la vis micrométrique sans fin (12) débouchant dans un trou (1 1 ) pratiqué dans la pièce optique (1 ), de faire varier la distance focale entre les LED (5) et la pièce optique mobile (4), de même en sens inverse la distance focale entre la pièce optique mobile (4) et la pièce optique fixe (1 ) et par conséquence de faire varier l'angle d'éclairage (F) ainsi obtenu par la position fixe des LED (5) en fonction de la position des logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) des pièces optiques (1 ) et (4).The micrometric worm screw (12) acting by its thread (6a) on the nut (6) inserted in a mobile optical part (4) comprising concave optical housings (3), previously drilled with 4 holes corresponding to the axes of the 4 rods (17) allows by screwing or unscrewing the micrometric worm screw (12) opening into a hole (1 1) made in the optical part (1), to vary the focal distance between the LEDs (5) and the optical part mobile (4), likewise in the opposite direction the focal distance between the mobile optical part (4) and the fixed optical part (1) and consequently to vary the lighting angle (F) thus obtained by the fixed position LEDs (5) as a function of the position of the concave optical housings (2) and (3) of the optical parts (1) and (4).
Les LED sont positionnées dans l'axe (A) et perpendiculaires aux logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) leur faisant face, pratiqués dans les pièces optique fixe (1 ) et mobile (4), selon un pas régulier ou irrégulier de (X) millimètres, dont les détails et profils d'usinages sont décrits dans la quatrième caractéristique.The LEDs are positioned in the axis (A) and perpendicular to the concave optical housings (2) and (3) facing them, formed in the fixed optical (1) and mobile (4) parts, in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, the details and machining profiles of which are described in the fourth characteristic.
La pièce optique (1 ) ainsi que la pièce optique mobile (4) sont constituées dans un matériau transparent possédant un indice de réfraction égal à celui du verre, de préférence en matière plastique transparente ou transparente teintée ou dans certains cas diffusante (dont le verre acrylique de marques Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), les logements concaves optiques (2) et (3) sont polis et transparents.The optical part (1) as well as the movable optical part (4) are made of a transparent material having a refractive index equal to that of glass, preferably in transparent or transparent plastic material tinted or in certain cases diffusing (including glass acrylic brands Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ), the concave optical housings (2) and (3) are polished and transparent.
L'alimentation en énergie électrique s'effectue dans les mêmes conditions que dans la première caractéristique.The supply of electrical energy is carried out under the same conditions as in the first characteristic.
Selon une quatrième caractéristique de l'invention (planches 3/9, 4/9 et 5/9) les logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) polis et transparents, des pièces optiques fixe (1 ) ou mobile (4) (figure 3), comportent selon les cas différents profils d'usinage ou de moulage en creux tenant de la demi-sphère ou du polyèdre (figures 6, 7 et 8), selon un pas régulier ou irrégulier de (X) millimètres, symétrique au pas des positionnements des LED (5) (figure 7), soit avec un profil concave sphérique (20), ou un profil concave triangulaire ou trapézoïdal (21),According to a fourth characteristic of the invention (plates 3/9, 4/9 and 5/9) the concave optical housings (2) and (3) polished and transparent, fixed (1) or mobile (4) optical parts ( Figure 3), depending on the case, different machining or hollow molding profiles holding the hemisphere or polyhedron (Figures 6, 7 and 8), in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, symmetrical to the no positioning of the LEDs (5) (figure 7), either with a spherical concave profile (20), or a triangular or trapezoidal concave profile (21),
Les logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) peuvent être usinés bu moulés selon l'un des profils précédents avec une inclinaison d'un angle déterminé (22), l'axe de positionnement (A) des LED (5) est alors incliné selon le même angle (figure 8), afin de toujours centrer la lumière directionnelle émise par les LED (5) dans l'axe (A) des logements optiques concaves (2) formant ainsi un faisceau de lumière élargi à un angle (F) variable en fonction des profils et diamètres d'usinage ou de moulage utilisés pour les logements optiques concaves (2) et (3), (figures 6, 7 et 8). Selon une cinquième caractéristique de l'invention (planche 5/9 figures 6, 7 et 8 et planche 3/9, figure 3), la face plane usinée de la pièce optique fixe (1 ), à l'exception des logements optiques concaves (2) est soit dépolie, soit revêtue d'une peinture adhérente ou d'une sérigraphie de fond formant décor (19) (figures 7 et 8), soit recouverte d'une plaque mince intermédiaire (19a) (figure 6), revêtue de manière identique et percée en symétrie au même pas que les logements optiques concaves (2) de la pièce optique (1 ) laissée dans ce dernier cas totalement transparente.The concave optical housings (2) and (3) can be machined or molded according to one of the preceding profiles with an inclination of a determined angle (22), the positioning axis (A) of the LEDs (5) is then tilted at the same angle (Figure 8), in order to always center the directional light emitted by the LEDs (5) in the axis (A) of the concave optical housings (2) thus forming a beam of light widened at an angle (F ) variable according to the profiles and diameters of machining or molding used for the concave optical housings (2) and (3), (Figures 6, 7 and 8). According to a fifth characteristic of the invention (plate 5/9 Figures 6, 7 and 8 and plate 3/9, Figure 3), the machined plane face of the fixed optical part (1), with the exception of concave optical housings (2) is either frosted, or coated with an adherent paint or a background screen printing forming a decoration (19) (Figures 7 and 8), or covered with a thin intermediate plate (19a) (Figure 6), coated identically and pierced in symmetry at the same pitch as the concave optical housings (2) of the optical part (1) left in the latter case completely transparent.
Ces trois solutions excluant ainsi toute vision du circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED (5), seuls les logements optiques concaves (2) restent libres, polis et transparents afin de laisser diffracter librement la lumière directionnelle issue des LED (5), au moyen de chaque logement optique concave (2) de la pièce optique (1 ).These three solutions thus excluding any vision of the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5), only the concave optical housings (2) remain free, polished and transparent in order to allow the directional light from the LEDs (5) to diffract freely, at means of each concave optical housing (2) of the optical part (1).
Selon une sixième caractéristique de l'invention (planche 6/9, figure 9 et planche 7/9, figure 10) un dispositif, figurant ici un ensemble d'éclairage sur mât, assemble au moyen du couvercle étanche (16) l'un des systèmes d'éclairage à LED décrits de la première à la cinquième caractéristique (figure 9), avec un capteur solaire (23) protégé par une pièce optique transparente (14) servant à la captation et la diffraction de la lumière solaire, constituée en matière plastique transparente identique à celle utilisée pour les pièces optiques (1 ) ou (4), dont la face (24), opposée au capteur solaire (23) est usinée au pas des cellules solaires, avec des fraisages ou moulages en creux continus et polis, de forme triangulaire ou arrondie (25) selon un angle (G) au minimum ouvert à 45° par rapport à l'horizontale, destinés à rediriger la lumière solaire vers la face du capteur (23) en profitant au maximum des propriétés de diffraction de la lumière solaire (L) dans la pièce transparente (14) ainsi transformée, quelque soit l'orientation du capteur (23) par rapport à la position du soleil.According to a sixth characteristic of the invention (plate 6/9, FIG. 9 and plate 7/9, FIG. 10) a device, here comprising a lighting assembly on a mast, assembles by means of the sealed cover (16) LED lighting systems described from the first to the fifth characteristic (FIG. 9), with a solar collector (23) protected by a transparent optical part (14) serving for the capture and the diffraction of the sunlight, constituted by transparent plastic material identical to that used for the optical parts (1) or (4), the face (24), opposite to the solar collector (23) is machined in step with the solar cells, with continuous milling or recesses and polished, triangular or rounded (25) at an angle (G) at least open at 45 ° to the horizontal, intended to redirect sunlight towards the face of the sensor (23) while making the most of the properties of diffraction of sunlight (L ) in the transparent part (14) thus transformed, whatever the orientation of the sensor (23) relative to the position of the sun.
Comme décrit par la planche 7/9 (figure 10), ce capteur solaire (23) recharge en courant électrique de bas-voltage, à travers le régulateur (26), l'accumulateur (27) prévu d'une capacité suffisante en ampérage pour alimenter les LED (5) durant la période nocturne, par déclenchement de la cellule crépusculaire (28).As described in Plate 7/9 (Figure 10), this solar collector (23) recharges low-voltage electric current, through the regulator (26), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to power the LEDs (5) during the night period, by triggering the twilight cell (28).
Selon une septième caractéristique de l'invention (planche 8/9 figure 11 ), un dispositif, figurant ici un ensemble d'éclairage sur mât, assemble au moyen du couvercle étanche (16) l'un des systèmes d'éclairage à LED décrits de la première à la cinquième caractéristique. Une turbine à air solidaire d'un alternateur (29) recharge en courant électrique de bas-voltage, à travers le régulateur (30), l'accumulateur (27) prévu d'une capacité suffisante en ampérage pour alimenter les LED (5) durant la période nocturne par déclenchement de la cellule crépusculaire (28). Selon une huitième caractéristique de l'invention (planche 9/9 figure 12), un dispositif, figurant ici un ensemble d'éclairage sur mât, assemble au moyen du couvercle étanche (16) l'un des systèmes d'éclairage à LED décrits de la première à la cinquième caractéristique. Le dispositif inclus dans ce cas le couplage des deux systèmes décrits par la sixième et septième caractéristique avec d'une part l'alimentation de l'éclairage au moyen du capteur solaire (23) et d'autre part en adjonction au moyen de la turbine à air solidaire de l'alternateur (29) qui rechargent en courant électrique de bas-voltage, à travers les régulateurs (26) et (30), l'accumulateur (27) prévu d'une capacité suffisante en ampérage pour alimenter les LED (5) durant la période nocturne, par déclenchement de la cellule crépusculaire (28).According to a seventh characteristic of the invention (plate 8/9 in figure 11), a device, here representing a lighting assembly on a mast, assembles by means of the sealed cover (16) one of the LED lighting systems described from the first to the fifth characteristic. An air turbine integral with an alternator (29) recharges low-voltage electric current, through the regulator (30), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to supply the LEDs (5) during the night period by triggering the twilight cell (28). According to an eighth characteristic of the invention (plate 9/9 in figure 12), a device, here representing a lighting assembly on a mast, assembles by means of the sealed cover (16) one of the LED lighting systems described from the first to the fifth characteristic. The device included in this case the coupling of the two systems described by the sixth and seventh characteristic with on the one hand the supply of lighting by means of the solar collector (23) and on the other hand in addition by means of the turbine air integral with the alternator (29) which recharge low-voltage electric current, through regulators (26) and (30), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to supply the LEDs (5) during the night period, by triggering the twilight cell (28).
A titre d'exemples de réalisations, l'Invention est particulièrement indiquée dans la conception et la fabrication d'éclairages de tous types, autonomes ou non, notamment dans l'éclairage public, industriel ou domestique en substitution des lampes destinées à l'éclairage traditionnel, compte-tenu de leur très faible consommation en énergie électrique et leur grande durée de vie comparées, ainsi qu'à chaque fois qu'il est souhaitable de recourir à un dispositif autonome en alimentation électrique, notamment lorsqu'il est impossible économiquement ou techniquement de créer une ligne de raccordement au réseau électrique. As examples of embodiments, the invention is particularly indicated in the design and manufacture of lighting of all types, autonomous or not, in particular in public, industrial or domestic lighting in substitution for lamps intended for lighting traditional, in view of their very low consumption of electrical energy and their long service life compared, as well as whenever it is desirable to use an autonomous device for electrical supply, in particular when it is economically impossible or technically to create a connection line to the electrical network.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
L. Dispositif d"éclαirαge utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (planche 3/9, figure 3) est constitué d'un circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED soudées (5), solidaire par 4 tiges (17) du boîtier (7), en matière plastique ou isolante, assemblé par 4 vis (13) à la pièce optique (1 ) et au couvercle étanche (16) qui assure la protection de l'ensemble.L. Lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, high brightness, very energy efficient, characterized in that the device (board 3/9, figure 3) consists of a printed circuit (10) carrying the welded LEDs (5), secured by 4 rods (17) to the housing (7), made of plastic or insulating material, assembled by 4 screws (13) to the optical part (1) and to the waterproof cover (16) which ensures the protection of the whole.
La vis micrométrique sans fin (12) agit par son filetage (6a) sur l'écrou (6) inséré dans une seconde pièce optique mobile (4), préalablement percée de 4 trous correspondants aux axes des 4 tiges (17) permet en vissant ou dévissant la vis micrométrique sans fin (12) débouchant dans un trou (1 1 ) pratiqué dans la pièce optique (1 ), de faire varier la distance focale entre les LED (5) et la pièce optique mobile (4), de même en sens inverse la distance focale entre la pièce optique mobile (4) et la pièce optique fixe (1) et par conséquence de faire varier l'angle d'éclairage (F) ainsi obtenu par la position fixe des LED (5) en fonction de la position des logements optiques concaves (2) et (3).The micrometric worm screw (12) acts by its thread (6a) on the nut (6) inserted in a second mobile optical part (4), previously drilled with 4 holes corresponding to the axes of the 4 rods (17) allows by screwing or unscrewing the micrometric worm screw (12) opening into a hole (1 1) made in the optical part (1), to vary the focal distance between the LEDs (5) and the moving optical part (4), likewise in the opposite direction the focal distance between the moving optical part (4) and the fixed optical part (1) and consequently to vary the lighting angle (F) thus obtained by the fixed position of the LEDs (5) as a function the position of the concave optical housings (2) and (3).
Les LED sont positionnées dans l'axe (A) et perpendiculaires aux logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) leur faisant face, pratiqués dans les pièces optique fixe (1 ) et mobile (4), selon un pas régulier ou irrégulier de (X) millimètres.The LEDs are positioned in the axis (A) and perpendicular to the concave optical housings (2) and (3) facing them, formed in the fixed optical (1) and mobile (4) parts, in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters.
La pièce optique (1) ainsi que la pièce optique mobile (4) sont constituées dans un matériau transparent.The optical part (1) and the mobile optical part (4) are made of a transparent material.
Le circuit imprimé (10) est alimenté en courant électrique par le fil d'alimentationThe printed circuit (10) is supplied with electric current by the supply wire
(15) relié à une alimentation située de préférence à l'extérieur du dispositif comprenant un transformateur dont la tension redressée régulée et filtrée, permet de délivrer la tension nécessaire à la correcte alimentation des LED (5) de préférence en bas-voltage(15) connected to a power supply preferably located outside of the device comprising a transformer whose regulated and filtered rectified voltage makes it possible to deliver the voltage necessary for the correct supply of the LEDs (5) preferably at low voltage
( 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 ou 48 volts) ou en haut voltage (110 ou 220 volts).(3, 6, 9, 12, 24 or 48 volts) or at high voltage (110 or 220 volts).
Le dispositif peut être alimenté soit par le secteur électrique soit en autonomie par l'énergie eolienne ou solaire.The device can be powered either by the electricity sector or autonomously by wind or solar energy.
2 Dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (planche 2/9, figure 2) est constitué du circuit imprimé (10) préalablement percé de 4 trous correspondants aux axes des 4 tiges (17) solidaires du boîtier (7) de manière à laisser coulisser avec un faible jeu, le circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED (5) rendu ainsi mobile sur les axes des 4 tiges (17) du boîtier (7), assemblé par 4 vis (13) à la pièce optique (1 ).2 lighting device using the properties of light emitting diodes or LEDs, high brightness, very energy efficient, according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (plate 2/9, Figure 2) consists of the printed circuit (10 ) previously drilled with 4 holes corresponding to the axes of the 4 rods (17) integral with the housing (7) so as to allow the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5) to slide with slight play, thus made mobile on the axes of the 4 rods (17) of the housing (7), assembled by 4 screws (13) to the optical part (1).
La vis micrométrique sans fin (12) agissant par son filetage (6a) sur l'écrou (6) solidaire du circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED (5), permet en vissant ou dévissant la vis micrométrique sans fin (12) débouchant dans un trou (11) pratiqué dans la pièce optique (1 ), de faire varier la distance focale entre les LED (5) portées par le circuit imprimé (10) et les logements optiques concaves (2) de la pièce optique (1 ) et par conséquence de faire varier selon les besoins d'éclairage, l'angle d'éclairement (F) ainsi obtenu.The micrometric worm screw (12) acting by its thread (6a) on the nut (6) integral with the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5), allows by screwing or unscrewing the micrometric worm screw (12) emerging in a hole (11) in the room optic (1), to vary the focal distance between the LEDs (5) carried by the printed circuit (10) and the concave optical housings (2) of the optical part (1) and consequently to vary according to the needs of 'illumination, the angle of illumination (F) thus obtained.
3^. Dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou3 ^ . Lighting device using the properties of light emitting diodes or
LED à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (planche 1/9, figure 1 ), est constitué par le circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED (5) fixé à une distance déterminée au moyen de 4 tiges (1 7), sur le boîtier (7) assemblé par 4 vis (13) à la pièce optique (1 ).High-brightness, very energy-efficient LEDs according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (board 1/9, figure 1), consists of the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5) fixed at a distance determined by means of 4 rods (1 7), on the housing (7) assembled by 4 screws (13) to the optical part (1).
4. Dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon les revendications 1 , 2 et 3 (planches 6/9 et 7/9), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif, (figure 9 et figure 10) figurant ici un ensemble d'éclairage sur mât, assemble au moyen du couvercle étanche (16) l'un des systèmes d'éclairage à LED (figures 1 , 2 et 3), avec un capteur solaire (23) protégé par une pièce optique transparente (14) servant à la captation et la diffraction de la lumière solaire, constituée en matière plastique transparente identique à celle utilisée pour les pièces optiques (1 ) ou (4), dont la face (24), opposée au capteur solaire (23) est usinée au pas des cellules solaires, avec des fraisages ou moulages en creux continus, de formes triangulaire ou arrondie (25) polis, selon un angle (G) au minimum ouvert à 45° par rapport à l'horizontale, destinés à rediriger la lumière solaire vers la face du capteur (23) en profitant au maximum des propriétés de diffraction de la lumière solaire dans la pièce transparente ainsi transformée, quelque soit l'orientation du capteur (23) par rapport à la position du soleil.4. A lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, with high brightness, very energy efficient, according to claims 1, 2 and 3 (plates 6/9 and 7/9), characterized in that the device, (Figure 9 and Figure 10) shown here a mast lighting assembly, assembles by means of the waterproof cover (16) one of the LED lighting systems (Figures 1, 2 and 3), with a solar collector ( 23) protected by a transparent optical part (14) used for the capture and diffraction of sunlight, made of transparent plastic material identical to that used for the optical parts (1) or (4), the face (24) , opposite to the solar collector (23) is machined in step with the solar cells, with continuous milling or hollow moldings, of triangular or rounded shape (25) polished, at an angle (G) at least open at 45 ° relative to horizontal, intended to redirect sunlight to the face of the sensor (23) taking maximum advantage of the diffraction properties of sunlight in the transparent part thus transformed, whatever the orientation of the sensor (23) relative to the position of the sun.
Ce capteur solaire (23), (figure 10), recharge en courant électrique de bas-voltage à travers le régulateur (26), l'accumulateur (27) prévu d'une capacité suffisante en ampérage pour alimenter les LED (5) durant la période nocturne, par déclenchement de la cellule crépusculaire (28).This solar collector (23) (FIG. 10) recharges low-voltage electric current through the regulator (26), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to supply the LEDs (5) during the night period, by triggering the twilight cell (28).
U. Dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon les revendications 1 , 2 et 3 (planche 8/9), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif, (figure 1 1 ) figurant ici un ensemble d'éclairage sur mât, assemble au moyen du couvercle étanche (16), l'un des systèmes d'éclairage à LED (figures 1 , 2 et 3).U. Lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, high brightness, very energy efficient, according to claims 1, 2 and 3 (plate 8/9), characterized in that the device, (Figure 1 1 ) shown here a lighting assembly on mast, assembles by means of the waterproof cover (16), one of the LED lighting systems (Figures 1, 2 and 3).
Une turbine à air solidaire d'un alternateur (29) recharge en courant électrique de bas-voltage à travers le régulateur (30), l'accumulateur (27) prévu d'une capacité suffisante en ampérage pour alimenter les LED (5) durant la période nocturne par déclenchement de la cellule crépusculaire (28). _ Dispositif d"éclαirαge utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon les revendications 1 , 2 et 3 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (planche 9/9, figure 12), figurant ici un ensemble d'éclairage sur mât, assemble au moyen du couvercle étanche (16), l'un des systèmes d'éclairage à LED (figures 1 , 2 et 3)An air turbine secured to an alternator (29) recharges low-voltage electric current through the regulator (30), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to supply the LEDs (5) during the night period by triggering the twilight cell (28). _ Lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, high brightness, very energy efficient, according to claims 1, 2 and 3 characterized in that the device (plate 9/9, figure 12), shown here a lighting assembly on mast, assembles by means of the waterproof cover (16), one of the LED lighting systems (Figures 1, 2 and 3)
Dans ce cas l'alimentation de l'éclairage s'effectue à la fois au moyen du capteur solaire (23) et en adjonction au moyen de la turbine à air solidaire de l'alternateur (29) qui rechargent, ensemble ou simultanément, en courant électrique de bas-voltage, à travers les régulateurs (26) et (30), l'accumulateur (27) prévu d'une capacité suffisante en ampérage pour alimenter les LED (5) durant la période nocturne, par déclenchement de la cellule crépusculaire (28).In this case the lighting is supplied both by means of the solar collector (23) and in addition by means of the air turbine integral with the alternator (29) which recharge, together or simultaneously, by low-voltage electric current, through regulators (26) and (30), the accumulator (27) provided with sufficient capacity in amperage to supply the LEDs (5) during the night period, by triggering of the cell twilight (28).
Z. Dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon les revendications 1 à 6 (planches 1/9 à 9/9), caractérisé en ce que les pièces optiques (1), (4) et (14) sont constituées dans un matériau transparent possédant un indice de réfraction égal à celui du verre, de préférence en matière plastique transparente ou transparente teintée ou dans certains cas diffusante (dont le verre acrylique de marques Altuglas R Plexiglas, R Perspex R ) et que les logements concaves optiques (2), (3) et (25) sont polis et transparents.Z. A lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, with high brightness, very energy efficient, according to claims 1 to 6 (plates 1/9 to 9/9), characterized in that the optical parts (1 ), (4) and (14) are made of a transparent material having a refractive index equal to that of glass, preferably made of transparent or transparent plastic, tinted or in some cases diffusing (including acrylic glass of brands Altuglas R Plexiglas , R Perspex R ) and that the concave optical housings (2), (3) and (25) are polished and transparent.
£L Dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon les revendications 1 à 7 (planche 1/9, 3/9, 4/9 et 5/9) caractérisé en ce que, les logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) polis, des pièces optiques fixe (1 ) ou mobile (4) (figure 3), peuvent comporter différents profils d'usinage ou de moulage en creux tenant de la demi-sphère ou du polyèdre (figure 6, 7 et 8), les LED sont positionnées dans l'axe (A) et perpendiculaires aux logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) leur faisant face, pratiqués dans les pièces optique fixe (1) et mobile (4), selon un pas régulier ou irrégulier de (X) millimètres, soit selon un profil concave sphérique (20) ou un profil concave triangulaire ou trapézoïdal (21), soit selon l'un des profils précédents incliné selon un angle déterminé (22) (figure 6, 7 et 8).£ L Lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, with high brightness, very energy efficient, according to claims 1 to 7 (plate 1/9, 3/9, 4/9 and 5/9) characterized in what, the concave optical housings (2) and (3) polished, fixed optical parts (1) or movable (4) (Figure 3), may have different machining profiles or recessed molding holding half sphere or polyhedron (Figure 6, 7 and 8), the LEDs are positioned in the axis (A) and perpendicular to the concave optical housings (2) and (3) facing them, made in the fixed optical parts (1) and mobile (4), in a regular or irregular pitch of (X) millimeters, either according to a spherical concave profile (20) or a triangular or trapezoidal concave profile (21), or according to one of the preceding profiles inclined at an angle determined (22) (Figures 6, 7 and 8).
L'axe de positionnement (A) des LED (5) est alors incliné selon le même angle déterminé (figure 8), afin de toujours centrer la lumière directionnelle émise par les LED (5) dans l'axe (A) des logements optiques concaves (2) et (3) formant ainsi un faisceau de lumière élargi à un angle (F) variable en fonction des profils et diamètres d'usinage ou de moulage utilisés pour les logements optiques concaves (2) (figure 6, 7 et 8).The positioning axis (A) of the LEDs (5) is then tilted at the same determined angle (Figure 8), in order to always center the directional light emitted by the LEDs (5) in the axis (A) of the optical housings concaves (2) and (3) thus forming a beam of light widened at an angle (F) variable according to the profiles and diameters of machining or molding used for the concave optical housings (2) (figure 6, 7 and 8 ).
2,. Dispositif d"éclairage utilisant les propriétés de diodes électroluminescentes ou LED, à grande luminosité, très économes en énergie, selon les revendications 1 à 7 (planche 5/9 figures 6, 7 et 8), caractérisé en ce que, la face plane usinée de la pièce optique (1 ), à l'exception des logements optiques concaves (2), est, soit dépolie, soit revêtue d'une peinture plastique adhérente ou d'une sérigraphie de fond formant décor (19) soit recouverte d'une plaque mince intermédiaire (19a) revêtue de manière identique et percée en symétrie au même pas que les logements optiques concaves (2) de la pièce optique (1 ) laissée dans ce dernier cas transparente.2 ,. Lighting device using the properties of light-emitting diodes or LEDs, high brightness, very energy efficient, according to claims 1 to 7 (plate 5/9 Figures 6, 7 and 8), characterized in that, the machined flat face of the optical part (1), with the exception of the concave optical housings (2), is either frosted or coated with '' an adherent plastic paint or a background screen printing forming a decoration (19) is covered with a thin intermediate plate (19a) coated in an identical manner and drilled in symmetry at the same pitch as the concave optical housings (2) of the part optic (1) left in the latter transparent case.
Ces trois solutions excluent ainsi toute vision du circuit imprimé (10) portant les LED (5), seuls les logements optiques concaves (2) restent libres, polis et transparents afin de laisser diffracter librement la lumière directionnelle (L) issue des LED (5), au moyen de chaque logement optique concave (2) de la pièce optique (1 ). These three solutions thus exclude any vision of the printed circuit (10) carrying the LEDs (5), only the concave optical housings (2) remain free, polished and transparent in order to allow the directional light (L) coming from the LEDs to diffract freely. ), by means of each concave optical housing (2) of the optical part (1).
PCT/FR2001/003696 2001-11-22 2001-11-22 Light-emitting diode illuminating optical device WO2003044870A1 (en)

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