WO2004062670A2 - Radiopaque animal chew - Google Patents
Radiopaque animal chew Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004062670A2 WO2004062670A2 PCT/US2004/000340 US2004000340W WO2004062670A2 WO 2004062670 A2 WO2004062670 A2 WO 2004062670A2 US 2004000340 W US2004000340 W US 2004000340W WO 2004062670 A2 WO2004062670 A2 WO 2004062670A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- radiopaque
- animal chew
- chew toy
- barium sulfate
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
- A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices ; Toys specially adapted for animals
- A01K15/025—Toys specially adapted for animals
- A01K15/026—Chewable toys, e.g. for dental care of pets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to radiopaque animal chews, and methods for their manufacture, wherein a host polymer suitable for use as an animal chew is made radiopaque. In the event that a portion of the chew becomes inadvertently lodged within the animal, in a life-threatening manner, it can now be more quickly diagnosed and more rapidly treated.
- Polymeric materials have been widely used for years in both medical and dental applications. Such applications include surgical and body implants and other prosthetic devices, (e.g., heart valves, blood vessels, etc.).
- prosthetic devices e.g., heart valves, blood vessels, etc.
- polymer materials have been used to produce removable dentures, temporary crown and bridge materials, restorative materials, impression materials, and the like.
- medical implants be radiographically opaque such that their precise location within the host body can be detected by X-ray examination.
- medical implant it is advantageous that such medical implant be optically or visually transparent so that a flow of fluid therethrough may be observed. Therefore, a vast amount of prior art has been directed at the preparation of polymeric materials for use in medical or dental applications that can be detected by X-ray analysis.
- U.S. Patent No. 3,871,334 to Axelrod discloses a chewable object from nylon with a flavor or odor extract. Attention is also directed to U.S. Patent No. 4,513,014 which sought to provide a more chewable product comprising a polyurethane elastomer again having incorporated therein a flavor or odor extract. Attention is next directed to Applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 5,827,565 which discloses a process for making a heat expandable dog chew comprised primarily of injection molding potato starch granules and an attractant. Attractants recited include chicken powder, liver powder, ham, turkey, beef and or fish.
- Vegetable additives such as spinach or carrots also may be added.
- the resultant mixture is molded under heat and pressure into a desired form, such as a dog bone.
- the dog bone so produced can be modified in texture or hardness by subsequent heating, preferably in a microwave oven.
- a dog chew having natural fruit flavor to increase the dog's appetite for such chew.
- Such fruit flavored dog chew may also include natural food coloring to enhance the attractiveness of the chew to the dog owner.
- the food coloring may also correspond to the fruit flavor
- the dog chew disclosed therein may also embody a breath sweetener for a dog such as mint, spearmint, peppermint or wintergreen and may also include parsley.
- the preferred form of such edible chew maintained the basic ingredient of a heat-expandable starch, such as potato starch.
- Fruit flavoring may be added to the granules of a mixture of potato starch, water and calcium carbonate along with natural fruit flavorings.
- disclosures which point to the importance of the use of radiopaque polymer systems for humans. Such disclosures are directed at monitoring the location of an implant via X-ray analysis. In addition, a variety of disclosures exist directed an animal chew products.
- the radiopaque polymer may comprise a polymer that is inherently radiopaque or a polymer that has been made radiopaque by the addition of an additive that provides radiopaque characteristics.
- the radiopaque polymers of the present invention may be manufactured by melt processing techniques, such as extrusion, compression and/or injection molding.
- the present invention is directed at an animal chew toy comprising a radiopaque polymer.
- radiopaque polymer is therefore defined as any polymer material, suitable for use as an animal chew, that is either inherently radiopaque, or which can. be made radiopaque, upon the suitable addition of a radiopaque additive. Such radiopaque polymer materials are then employed to manufacture an animal chew toy.
- radiopaque itself refers to that characteristic wherein the polymer material can be detected by X-ray analysis.
- polymers suitable for use in the present invention attention is directed to those polymers that incorporate a structure that is inherently radiopaque.
- one example includes polymers tat contain a halogen in the polymer backbone.
- Typical of this approach are those polymers disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,722,344, 5, 177, 170 and 5,346,981 , whose teachings are incorporated by reference.
- Yet another approach is to disperse X-ray opaque substances, such as barium sulfate, a bismuth halide, or a halogen-containing plasticizer, diol, or other such halogen-containing material, within the polymer. . See, for example, Y. Delaviz et al., Polymer Preprints (Polymer Division, Am. Chem. Soc), 30, 215-216 (1989), and U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,608,555, 3,645,955, 3,749,134, 3,901,829, and 4,282,876, whose teachings are incorporated by reference.
- barium sulfate it is preferred that such additive is employed at a concentration that can be detected upon X-ray analysis as associated with, e.g., a 1.0 inch x 1.0 inch x 1.0 inch (L/W/H) section of polymer material containing such additive.
- the level of barium sulfate is about 0.5-15% by weight, and any increment or any range therein. Accordingly, barium sulfate level can be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%.... 2.0%...
- the preferred source of barium sulfate is a product sold under the common chemical name barite, and under the trade name Huberbrite®, which product is sold and distributed by Huber Engineered Materials, Quincy Illinois. More specifically, such product is described as a naturally occurring mineral substance consisting of barium sulfate at a concentration of 97-99% by weight, calcium carbonate at 1.0-4.0 % by weight and silica at 0.1-1.0% by weight.
- the silica is present at a level of about 0.4 % by weight, and it should also be noted that the barium sulfate concentration may vary beyond the 97-99 % by weight noted above, and fall within the range of 93-99 % by weight.
- the product is indicated to be non-hazardous in skin contact, skin absorption and ingestion based upon historical exposure determinations.
- the host polymer is a polyurethane, although any other polymer or material suitable for use as an animal chew may be employed.
- polymers such as nylons can be used, as well as animal chews made from natural or synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomers and/or thermoset elastomers, natural polymers such as starch, vegetable matter, casein and/or rawhide material.
- the barium sulfate itself is preferably mixed within the aforementioned polymer or material and preferably throughout the chew toy, thereby ensuring that those portions of the chew toy, chewed apart by the animal and ingested, can be detected by X-ray analysis.
- barium sulfate, or the preferred Huberbrite® product noted above is first extrusion blended into a polymer host at relatively high levels (20-85% by weight and any percentage therebetween or any range therebetween) to produce a polymer concentrate of the barium sulfate additive.
- barium sulfate is preferably first compounded in an elastomeric polyurethane, at a concentration of about 70% by weight. This compounding is preferably achieved by extrusion blending, in which case pellets of the polyurethane are produced containing 70% barium sulfate. Such polyurethane concentrate is then mixed with additional amounts of polyurethane in the injection molding of the chew toy, to provide a chew toy with a final concentration of, preferably, 0.5 — 15% by weight, more preferably 5.0% by weight.
- blends of different polymers are suitable for use herein as an animal chew.
- one polymer component may be radiopaque
- the other polymer component non- radiopaque and the blend is radiopaque and contains properties sufficient to perform as an animal chew within the broad scope of this invention.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04700856A EP1581047B1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-01-08 | Radiopaque animal chew |
AT04700856T ATE524968T1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-01-08 | RADIATION-PROOF ANIMAL CHEW TOYS |
CA2511568A CA2511568C (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-01-08 | Radiopaque animal chew |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US43886203P | 2003-01-09 | 2003-01-09 | |
US60/438,862 | 2003-01-09 | ||
US10/390,125 US7360504B2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-03-17 | Radiopaque animal chew |
US10/390,125 | 2003-03-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004062670A2 true WO2004062670A2 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
WO2004062670A3 WO2004062670A3 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
Family
ID=32716986
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/000340 WO2004062670A2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2004-01-08 | Radiopaque animal chew |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7360504B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1581047B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE524968T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2511568C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004062670A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7147888B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2006-12-12 | Whitehill Oral Technologies, Inc. | Emulsion impregnated rawhide chews |
US8935992B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2015-01-20 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Animal chew including interchangeable components |
US9226480B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-01-05 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Pet chew toys of rubber and polyamide, and methods of manufacture thereof |
WO2018156814A1 (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-30 | Skm Paxton Innovations Llc | Radiopaque material and use for bag closures |
Family Cites Families (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3608555A (en) * | 1968-12-31 | 1971-09-28 | Chemplast Inc | Radio opaque and optically transparent tubing |
US3645955A (en) * | 1970-03-18 | 1972-02-29 | Scient Tube Products Inc | Plasticized radiopaque vinyl resin compositions |
US3749134A (en) * | 1972-02-02 | 1973-07-31 | Sunlite Plastics Inc | Radiographically opaque plastic tubing |
US3901829A (en) * | 1972-02-02 | 1975-08-26 | Sunlite Plastics Inc | Method of making radiographically opaque plastic tubing |
US3871334A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1975-03-18 | Herbert R Axelrod | Pet toy |
US4282876A (en) * | 1979-05-18 | 1981-08-11 | Flynn Vincent J | Radiopaque polyurethane resin compositions |
US4513014A (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1985-04-23 | Edwards Philip L | Chewable toy for animal |
US4722344A (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1988-02-02 | Critikon, Inc. | Radiopaque polyurethanes and catheters formed therefrom |
US5177170A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1993-01-05 | Miles Inc. | Radiopaque polyurethanes |
US5346981A (en) * | 1993-01-13 | 1994-09-13 | Miles Inc. | Radiopaque polyurethanes |
GB9401577D0 (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1994-03-23 | Sheffield Orthodontic Lab Limi | Polymer material suitable for the production of medical artifacts |
US5476069A (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 1995-12-19 | Axelrod; Herbert R. | Molded rawhide chew toy |
US6093427A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2000-07-25 | T.F.H.Publications, Inc. | Vegetable-based dog chew |
US5941197A (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 1999-08-24 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Carrot-based dog chew |
US6110521A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 2000-08-29 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Wheat and casein dog chew with modifiable texture |
US5827565A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-10-27 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Process for making an edible dog chew |
US6126978A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 2000-10-03 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Edible dog chew |
US6180161B1 (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 2001-01-30 | T.F.H. Publications, Inc. | Heat modifiable edible dog chew |
US6178922B1 (en) * | 1997-04-15 | 2001-01-30 | Seefar Technologies, Inc. | Mastication article possessing microbe-inhibiting properties |
US6358160B1 (en) * | 1997-10-03 | 2002-03-19 | Performance Dynamics Llc | Golf ball with water immersion indicator |
DE19756141A1 (en) | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-24 | Bayer Ag | Radiopaque thermoplastic molding compound |
US6093441A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-07-25 | Tfh Publications, Inc. | Heat modifiable peanut dog chew |
US6828578B2 (en) * | 1998-12-07 | 2004-12-07 | Meridian Research And Development | Lightweight radiation protective articles and methods for making them |
US6159516A (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2000-12-12 | Tfh Publication, Inc. | Method of molding edible starch |
US6274662B1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2001-08-14 | J.M. Huber Corporation | Vulcanizable elastomeric compositions containing surface treated barium sulfate and vulcanizates thereof |
US6190268B1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-20 | Callaway Golf Company | Golf ball having a polyurethane cover |
DE10007672A1 (en) * | 2000-02-19 | 2001-08-23 | Mitsubishi Polyester Film Gmbh | White-opaque, flame-retardant, UV-stabilized film with low transparency made of a crystallizable thermoplastic |
DE10007719A1 (en) * | 2000-02-19 | 2001-08-23 | Mitsubishi Polyester Film Gmbh | White-opaque film with low transparency made of a crystallizable thermoplastic with additional functionality |
US6736141B2 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2004-05-18 | David L. Freedman | Surgical aid |
US6827657B2 (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2004-12-07 | Acushnet Company | Golf balls including a staged resin film and methods of making same |
-
2003
- 2003-03-17 US US10/390,125 patent/US7360504B2/en active Active
-
2004
- 2004-01-08 AT AT04700856T patent/ATE524968T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-01-08 EP EP04700856A patent/EP1581047B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-08 CA CA2511568A patent/CA2511568C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-08 WO PCT/US2004/000340 patent/WO2004062670A2/en active Application Filing
-
2007
- 2007-09-13 US US11/854,890 patent/US7452929B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of EP1581047A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE524968T1 (en) | 2011-10-15 |
CA2511568A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
US7452929B2 (en) | 2008-11-18 |
US7360504B2 (en) | 2008-04-22 |
EP1581047A4 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
US20040137117A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
US20080004371A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
EP1581047A2 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
CA2511568C (en) | 2011-07-05 |
EP1581047B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
WO2004062670A3 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
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