WO2005026984A1 - Procede de traitement de donnees sur la base de structures dynamiques d'elements simples - Google Patents
Procede de traitement de donnees sur la base de structures dynamiques d'elements simples Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005026984A1 WO2005026984A1 PCT/FR2004/002288 FR2004002288W WO2005026984A1 WO 2005026984 A1 WO2005026984 A1 WO 2005026984A1 FR 2004002288 W FR2004002288 W FR 2004002288W WO 2005026984 A1 WO2005026984 A1 WO 2005026984A1
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- G—PHYSICS
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Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to information systems, and more particularly to a new method for managing and processing information, in particular for managing skills and knowledge.
- PPE information systems, based on a plurality of entities carrying information (hereinafter PPE) - such as documents containing knowledge, portfolios of skills of individuals, etc. -, model and manipulate each PPE through reference systems, indexes, definitions, categories and rules produced by communities of specialists.
- PPE information systems
- the repositories, indexes, definitions, categories and rules constitute the obligatory passage point of all current technologies to organize, categorize and compare such PPE.
- the system must be used on a large scale by diverse and varied communities of people with different degrees of interpretation of information; - the system must manage a high level of qualification of the information contained in PPE whatever the number and diversity of PPE and whatever the number and diversity of people interacting with the system;
- semantic systems which attempt to integrate the meaning of language into the process of categorization and research; to this end, they rely on standards, or even specialized thesauri for the treatment of specific themes; - finally the so-called multidimensional systems,. which are inspired by the techniques of decision analysis systems to refine the categorization of documents, as well as systems based on cross-queries.
- a fifth problem which arises is that of the evolution of information systems and in particular of an evolution which preserves the existing and which does not interrupt the functioning of the systems.
- the current information systems are finished. During their design, they are intended to manage a finite number of PPE of predefined types, such as documents for knowledge management systems, the skills of individuals in skills management systems, etc., and a number finished of predefined type communities like the community of human resources management in an organization.
- the system makes it possible to carry out operations between PPE of predefined type for a given community.
- new PPE is managed (such as training) and / or when opening to a new user community, it becomes impossible to carry out operations between the initial PPE and the new without having to completely replace the system after having completely redesigned it beforehand.
- the invention aims to overcome these drawbacks of the state of the art and to propose a method capable of being implemented in an information system, which is based on a representation of all information by dynamic structures of "objects knowledge ”themselves based on a common dictionary of simple elements with multiple specific characteristics.
- the present invention aims to propose an information processing method providing a new modeling of the areas and a new manipulation technique which allow each user, whatever his universe, to model and manipulate any structured, semi-structured PPE.
- structured and unstructured like a document containing knowledge, an individual's skills portfolio, etc. - without first having to build, set up, update and use repositories, indexes, definitions, categories and rules, without having to rebuild the system as soon as the meaning of the information it processes changes, without having to rebuild the system as soon as that new PPE must be managed, and without obliging all users to fully master the system, and this by contextualizing the information.
- the invention thus proposes a method for processing data in a computer environment comprising processing means and a memory, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - providing in the memory a plurality of entities carrying information, individually identified, - provide in the memory a dictionary of simple irreducible elements capable of characterizing the information-carrying entities, - provide in the memory, in association with each information-carrying entity, a dynamic structure comprising at least one knowledge object composed of simple elements chosen from the dictionary of simple elements, the dynamic structure memorized comprising first information identifying the respective simple elements and second information identifying connections between simple elements in the knowledge objects, the number of knowledge objects and the number of simple elements da ns knowledge objects that can vary from one dynamic structure to another, and the structure dynamics which can vary over time as a function of the behavior of the users and of calculations performed by the processing means, - perform processing on the information-bearing entities using the first and second information of their current associated dynamic structures.
- each simple element can be present in several knowledge objects of the stored dynamic structure.
- each dynamic structure stored comprises, in association with each simple element, at least one attribute of the simple element in its knowledge object, and the processing step also uses at least certain attributes of the simple elements.
- each dynamic structure stored also comprises, in association with each knowledge object, at least one attribute of the knowledge object, and the processing step also uses at least certain attributes of knowledge objects. - at least one knowledge object attribute value is calculated from the corresponding simple element attribute values contained in the knowledge object.
- At least one knowledge object attribute value is set by an operator constructing the knowledge object.
- the method includes an initial step of creating dynamic starting structures, and repeated steps of modifying dynamic structures by authorized users.
- the dictionary of simple elements comprises in the memory at least one based in which the simple elements are organized in a plurality of groups of simple elements, themselves organized in a plurality of dimensions, and there is provided a step d 'display of simple elements, for choice, in a visual organization corresponding to, the arrangement of dimensions and groups of the base. , !
- each group is represented in the memory in the form of a simple element which can be selected in the same way as other simple elements.
- the dictionary of simple elements comprises in the memory at least two databases in which, the same simple elements are organized into groups and / or different dimensions, and the display step comprises a selective display according to one of several visual organizations corresponding to the layouts of the different bases.
- the method further comprises the steps consisting in: providing in the memory a table of users containing, in association with identifiers of respective users, attributes of membership of said users, and - as a function of the value of l attribute of membership of a user, implementing the display step according to a visual organization corresponding to the arrangement of a base as designated by the attribute of membership of said user, or where appropriate d 'only part of a database as designated by the membership attribute of said user.
- the arrangement of a base is a tree arrangement, and in that the arrangement of only part of a base is constituted by a limited number of tree levels in the arrangement.
- the processing step comprises the comparison of the dynamic structures of at least two entities carrying information.
- the processing step comprises the comparison of the dynamic structures of a plurality of information-carrying entities with the dynamic structure or structures of one or more reference information-carrying entities, constituting a request.
- the comparison step involves a mathematical and / or logical combination of the presence / absence of simple elements in dynamic structures, of the presence / absence of simple elements together in objects knowledge of dynamic structures, and values of attributes of simple elements and knowledge objects.
- Figure 1 represents a state-of-the-art information processing system, and more precisely that marketed by the company Hummingbird TM.
- FIG. 2 represents a dictionary structure with an example of dimensions, groups and simple elements (hereinafter ES).
- FIG. 3 represents a PPE of the “dynamic skills portfolio” type of an individual and his dynamic structure of knowledge objects (hereinafter OC).
- FIG. 4 represents a particular OC of a dynamic structure of OC corresponding to a skill.
- FIG. 5 represents a document or input mask attached to an OC corresponding to a scenario.
- FIG. 6 represents PPE of the “job profile” type and their dynamic structure of OC.
- FIG. 7 represents a dynamic structure of generic knowledge objects.
- FIG. 8 represents two scenarios attached to an OC. Detailed description of a preferred embodiment
- the invention is applied in an IT environment used for the management of skills and knowledge in a company.
- the present invention is preferably used from a computer environment equipped with an Internet browser such as Internet Explorer (registered trademark of Microsoft, Corp.).
- the invention can thus be implemented in Web client mode and in Web Service mode.
- a web client system is a resource that can access the web through a network interface that sends requests and receives responses to those requests.
- a Web Service is a resource accessible on the Web by means of a network interface which accepts requests and returns responses to these requests. This resource is formally described by a software interface contained in a service description document. Web Services technology is recent and the state of the art is described for example in WO 00 68828 A.
- PPE planning information-bearing entities
- the principle of the invention consists in establishing a set of simple elements (hereinafter “ES") determined from the repositories, indexes, definitions, categories and rules, and to be incorporated into the PPE of ES chosen in this game.
- ES simple elements
- the invention makes it possible to model and manipulate the information contained in 'each PPE thanks to dynamic structures of "knowledge objects” (hereinafter “OC”) and thanks to operations between these structures.
- OC knowledge objects
- the invention therefore radically changes the operating principle of information processing systems.
- 1) Glossary The following part is a glossary of terms used in this specification. SIMPLE ELEMENT; An element or ES is a fragment of information stored in a memory of a computer system and defined by a set of specific characteristics, comprising in this case: - a name (character string).
- ES symbol or icon
- - a pointer the. ES are managed by pointers which provide different characteristics, for example depending on the language selected. In this case, the system can be multilingual.
- - a description the description is an explanatory text of the information fragment. This description lets users know the meaning of TES. Part of the description can provide information allowing users to assess the "level” (see this notion below) of TES.
- relationships with other ES, groups and dimensions The relationships between ES, groups and dimensions are of the type "associated with", “son”, “father”, “semantic link with”.
- MR relative mass
- PSAR relative administrative strategic position
- level The PSAR is a numerical value (or even alphabetical) which makes it possible to evaluate the strategic aspect of TES in the organization when the administrators use the system .
- PSOR relative operational strategic position: The PSOR is a quantity of numerical type (or even alphabetical) of the same type as the PSAR. The PSOR is the result of a function of the system which takes as a parameter, among other things, the number of occurrences of TES.
- the PSOR returns a result of type "level y".
- This magnitude TES assesses the strategic aspect in the organization when all users use the • system. (the above attributes have the same value for all occurrences of TES in the various dynamic structures) * a relative imaginary level (NIR):
- NIR is a numerical quantity (or even alphabetical) which allows to evaluate the relative appreciation of TES in a CB.
- Each ES has a NIR when it is within an OC. In the same dynamic OC structure, one. ES can have multiple NTRs depending on the OCs in which it is located. The NIR of each
- ES is evaluated by the person responsible for the dynamic structure of OC who owns TES.
- the system takes into account different types of mufti-scale assessments. Some ES are evaluated i on a scale of 1 to 5, others on a scale of 1 to 10, others of A to E, etc. * a relative real level (NRR):
- the NRR is a quantity of numerical type, (or even alphabetical) which makes it possible to evaluate the relative appreciation of TES in an OC.
- Each ES has an NRR when it is within an OC. In the same dynamic OC structure, an ES can have several NRRs depending on the OCs in which it is located.
- the NRR of each ES is evaluated by at least one other person than the person responsible for the dynamic structure of OC who owns TES.
- the system takes into account different types of multi-scale assessments. Some ES are assessed on a scale of 1 to 5, others on a scale of 1 to 10, others of A to E, etc.
- a spatio-temporal state The spatial state provides information on the existence of TES in the different universes (see this notion below) of the system.
- the temporal state provides information on the validity of the element within an OC or the dynamic structure of OC.
- a level of interest The level of interest is a quantity of the numerical type (or even alphabetical). It provides information on the interest shown in TES by the person responsible for the dynamic structure of OC who owns it.
- an intensity The intensity is a quantity of numeric type (or even alphabetical.
- the ES can be characterized by additional parameters such as types (for example “operational” type or “administrative” type in a human resources management application).
- An ES is an element that is irreducible in terms of meaning, that is to say that it cannot be written in the form of an intersection of at least two ES.
- a group is of the same nature as an ES and is also defined by a set of specific characteristics. However, it has the additional property of grouping other ESs, in an insignificant order.
- a group is characterized by an overall mass (MG) which is typically a numerical value. This MG is specific to the group and corresponds to the sum of the relative masses MR of the ES which constitute it, added to its own relative mass.
- Each of the groups is orthogonal to another, that is to say, it does not cover the meaning of the ES which make up other groups.
- Groups are defined by an access level similar to the access level of ES. Groups can have different scales.
- the scale is a numerical (or even alphabetical) quantity ”of type“ micro scale ”,“ macro scale ”, etc.
- Groups at the “micro scale” scale can be handled by a user if and only if groups at the higher “micro scale” scale are already handled by the user. As a result, only the groups which have a scale greater than or equal to that on which the user works or those which have a scale just below the scale in question are visible and accessible to the user of the system.
- groups can be characterized by additional types such as "operational type” or "administrative type”.
- DIMENSION •, A dimension is defined by a set of specific characteristics. A dimension is a set of groups of ES and isolated ES. Each dimension is not superimposed on another, that is to say that the sets of groups do not have information and common meanings between them.
- the dimensions are defined by an access level similar to the access level of the ES. Dimensions may have different scales.
- the scale is a quantity, numeric (or
- micro scale scale can be handled by a user if and only if dimensions at the top scale of “micro scale” are already handled by the user. Therefore, only the dimensions which have a scale greater than or equal to that at which the user works or those which have a scale just smaller than the scale in question are visible and accessible to the user of the system. Dimensions can be characterized by additional types such as "operational type” or "administrative type”.
- a base is an organized set (in this tree type) of ES, groups and dimensions. From a given set of ES, several bases can be made.
- the dictionary is a set made up of ES, groups and dimensions, which together form at least one base. New ES, new groups and new dimensions can be added and characterized permanently.
- the ES are represented in a global organization diagram using the groups and the dimensions in such a way that the ES are positioned in relation to each other in each base of the dictionary.
- a universe is an entity representative of a degree of interpretation of information. For example, for an application in the business world, there are many universes such as the world of research and development, the world of marketing and the world of human resources. A universe can also be a type of profession in certain cases. Depending on the universe in which a user is, the system will allow him to understand all the ES (and groups and dimensions) of a dictionary according to one of the bases, designated by information in memory identifying the universe in question. Several universes together form a spectrum of interpretation.
- COMMUNITY A community means a set of entities carrying information of the “person” type belonging to the same universe. I
- the density of an ES in an ES population is the ratio between a number of occurrences of ESD in this population compared to the total number of ES in the population.
- the concentration of an ES in a population of ES is a concept analogous to density, but taking into account the relative masses of the various occurrences of TES and the relative masses of the other ES (weighting). /
- KNOWLEDGE OBJECT A knowledge object or OC is composed of an assembly of ES from a given dictionary. Each OC has its own characteristics which can be of two main types:
- An OC can be simple or complex depending on the nature of the assembly. It can contain several ES from the same dimension and from the same group. The number and the nature of the ES that make up an OC can be modified by authorized users, as we will see later. The meaning of the information is therefore dynamic.
- Each ES which composes an OC is characterized by its charge in this OC.
- the load here is an integer type digital quantity. It makes it possible to define the importance of an ES in an OC. (This is another attribute of an ES, in an OC).
- each ES which makes up an OC is further characterized by an NTR, a NRR, a spatiotemporal state (see the corresponding definitions above.).
- the OC also has a relative mass MR (see above about the ES), established by 'a system calculation function which takes as parameter the relative masses MR of the ES that make up the OC.
- An OC is further characterized by an order of multiplicity which is a numerical (or even alphabetical) quantity. This order of multiplicity corresponds to the number of ES that constitute it.
- An OC can itself be composed of OCs with a lower multiplicity order.
- a dynamic CO structure is composed of a single CO or a set of COs.
- Each dynamic OC structure has its own characteristics, other than the specific characteristics of the OCs that compose it and those of the ESs that make up the OCs, or else derived from them (independent or derived characteristics, as for the OCs themselves- same). >
- each OC is characterized by a level.
- This level is a numerical (or even alphabetical) quantity and indicates the importance of the information represented in the form of OC in the dynamic structure of OC considered.
- each OC has interaction links with other OCs in the dynamic OC structure: - each OC has firstly a coupling capacity.
- the coupling capacity is a numerical quantity (typically a positive integer) whose value corresponds to the number of interaction links that the OC has with other OCs; - each OC also has a weight.
- the weight of an OC is a numerical quantity corresponding to the relative mass MR of the OC multiplied by the coupling capacity.
- Each CB also has interaction links with other PPE of various natures, such as documents, people and business units in an organization such as a company.
- an OC can be further characterized by an activity state variable: active or inactive, and a temporal state variable of the "valid" or "invalid" type.
- the system also stores, in association with each OC, information
- characteristics concerning its position or its evolution namely information concerning the variations of ES (addition, removal, replacement or modification of ES) accompanied by temporal data linked to these variations (dates of appearance of ES, dates of modification, etc.).
- Each dynamic OC structure characterizes PPE.
- the same dynamic OC structure can however characterize several PPE.
- each ES is characterized by its intensity within the dynamic structure of OC. If certain ES are more and more frequently combined in OCs, we can perform a function returning the intensity of this ES within this dynamic structure of OCs, whose value will reflect this growth. This function 'can for example be based on an algorithm for iterative counting of groups of ES in • the different dynamic structures of OC. This is a dynamic attribute of TES in a dynamic structure, calculated by the system.
- Each ES is further characterized by its level of interest within the dynamic structure of OC. This level is established by a function of the system taking as parameter the interest that the manager of the dynamic structure of OC indicated during the creation or modification of TES within an OC as well as the state variables of this OC in the dynamic structure of OC. As knowledge objects are dynamic, the dynamic structure of OC changes over time and adapts to the evolution of the meaning of information or the perception that users have of it, of the content of the ES dictionary, etc.
- PPE ENTITY CARRIER OF INFORMATION
- PPE is characterized by at least one dynamic OC structure.
- PPE can be of very different types. For example, it can be “document” type objects based on text, image, video and audio entities, possibly combined to form multimedia objects. '
- PPE can also be very diverse components of a business, and in particular: - people: client, partner, employee, relationship, - documents or other content informational, as mentioned above, - processes, tasks, activities, missions, etc. - projects, - events, - training, - etc.
- VISION A vision is a set of ES, OC or dynamic OC structures, associated with at least one defined operation, such as a mathematical operation, to be performed on them. 2) Functional description
- the embodiment of the invention given by way of example below relates to a method of processing information for the management of skills and knowledge in a professional environment.
- Figure 1 shows, for example, the Humminbird TM information processing system for content management and document management.
- a search system makes it possible to find it.
- the first way to find it is to navigate in the tree.
- the second way consists in using the search engine operating according to the principles known as “full text” in English terminology, semantics and metadata to possibly cross the branches of the tree structure and select the best documents corresponding to the search.
- This system is an example of the state of the art. It works by indexing and categorizing documents.
- the principle of the present invention does not consist in bringing documents (or other PPE) into repositories, indexes, definitions, categories and rules but, conversely, in bringing ES determined from the standards, index, definitions, categories and rules in each document or other PPE. These ES are combined with each other to form SO ES, in order to create dynamic OC structures representative of PPE.
- the implementation of the method and the information processing system described by the invention thus comprises two initial steps.
- a) The first step consists in creating the global set of ESs which will compose the dictionaries and their databases in a starting version, preferably by taking up and decomposing the static repositories of existing processing systems as indicated above.
- a database of the dictionary can be developed from at least one ES decomposition of the current repositories.
- Figure 2 shows an example of an ES dictionary in a preferred embodiment.
- at least one community in an organization has defined part of its dictionary from a skills repository established by the community of specialists from the human resources universe.
- the repository has been broken down into ES by professionals belonging to other universes.
- the dictionary is presented here in the form of a hierarchical tree, with a user interface similar to that of the Document Explorer in the Windows TM environment of MicrosOft.
- the computer memory containing these elements is structured in correspondence, in a manner perfectly accessible to those skilled in the art.
- Group N groups are formed from ES meetings (designated here by “Element Simple N”) with global significance. Once the groups have been formed, dimensions (here "Dimension A”, “Dimension B”) are constructed from group meetings. There can be a large number of ES, groups and dimensions. This number increases as the information system evolves over time (and ES are added by certain authorized users) and extends to all the universes of the organization and to all PPE.
- At least one community responsible for the administration of all or part of the dictionary has the capacity to define certain specific characteristics (notably attributes) of ES, groups and dimensions it is responsible for managing. Regarding these ES it can define names, symbols, descriptions, MR, relations with certain other ES, PSAR, the corresponding language, level of access and scales. For example, it is possible to define in the computer memory of the dictionary an ES which reflects a quality or skill, namely a skill "ability to communicate”. Its name is “ability to communicate", its symbol is also, in this case, "ability to. communicate ". Its description contains information of a human qualitative type ("qualities") such as for example "1) Promote dialogue, 2) Orient communication and relationships - adapt to contexts and interlocutors".
- qualities such as for example "1) Promote dialogue, 2) Orient communication and relationships - adapt to contexts and interlocutors.
- the information is used to indicate how to evaluate the NIR and NRR of TES independently of the OCs in which this ES will be placed later.
- the information may be used to indicate the meaning of TES in detail.
- the MR is 2, ie the total number of qualities in TES.
- the relations of TES with others can be understood by a graphic position of TES in the dictionary, relative to the other ES.
- the ES "ability to communicate” is linked to TES "developer” by a relationship "must be associated with”.
- the PSAR is "level 2". Access level is here
- ⁇ defined at its maximum, that is to say free access for all users regardless of their universe.
- the scale is fixed at the “macro scale” level, which, as indicated, determines the way in which TES will be displayed when the user navigates in a base.
- Characteristics such as the pointer, the PSOR, the NIR and the NRR, the space-time state, the level of interest, the intensity are defined when the system is operational, that is to say when OCs and dynamic OC structures are created or modified.
- the value of the pointer can only be entered by a specially authorized user (super administrator) of the system.
- an "operational” or “administrative” type (in this application anyway) can be defined as well as, as we said, an access level and a scale.
- the second stage consists in building, on the basis of the dictionary produced, for all the PPE constituting the information system, the dynamic structures of OC and the OC which characterize them. For this, each manager in charge of a set of PPE will create, for each PPE, dynamic structures based on OC grouping ES from the dictionary. For each CB, a set of specific characteristics is defined by the manager in question and stored.
- all the information representing the dynamic structures of OC and their contents is stored in at least one database, while an associated database manager includes the algorithms necessary for the dynamic monitoring of these structures.
- an associated database manager includes the algorithms necessary for the dynamic monitoring of these structures.
- This database keeps in memory the characteristic information which concerns the state and the evolution of the dynamic structures, and in particular the time-stamped variations of ES (additions, deletions, replacements and modifications of the ES or of at least certain specific characteristics of the ES or OC).
- FIG. 7 represents a dynamic generic OC structure used by the method according to the invention.
- n OC called “Knowledge object N”.
- the “Knowledge Object 1” OC is made up of three ESs named ESI, ES2, and ES3.
- the “Knowledge Object 2” OC is made up of three ES, namely ES2, ES4 and ES5.
- the “Knowledge Object 3” OC is made up of three ES, namely ES6, ES4 and ES7.
- the structure in OC is manifested in the memory of the computer system by a table comprising the identifiers or pointers of the OCs as well as the identifiers or pointers of the ES composing the respective OCs.
- the system has first information characterizing the presence of ES in the OCs of a dynamic structure, and second information characterizing the fact that ES are grouped with others in the same OC.
- the memory also contains the various specific characteristics (see definitions above), in particular attributes, which could have been assigned, either manually or by calculation, to the ES or the OC.
- Figure 7 shows that each OC can be linked to any other OC of the same dynamic structure, for purposes detailed below. These links can be found in a link table stored in the computer system. It should be noted here that an OC could contain other OCs, themselves containing either still other OCs, or ES, or both.
- the present invention codes the information discontinuously in OCs, each OC having an order of multiplicity equal to the total number of ESs it contains.
- the OC "Integration skills has an order of multiplicity of 15.
- Figure 4 shows the detail of an OC" Skills integration "for which the order of multiplicity is equal to 14 , this OC encompassing four SOC knowledge sub-objects having orders of multiplicity respectively equal to 5, 3, 1 and 5.
- the system of the invention provides the user with editing tools (ES drag-and-drop function from a window showing at least part of the content of the ES dictionary, functions of selection, duplication, cut, copy, paste of ES or OC, etc.) to facilitate his work of designing a dynamic structure of OC.
- editing tools ES drag-and-drop function from a window showing at least part of the content of the ES dictionary, functions of selection, duplication, cut, copy, paste of ES or OC, etc.
- Each ES involved in the composition of a CB is also evaluated by the person responsible for the CB (typically a hierarchical superior in a human resources management application) by giving specific values to the different attributes of TES that the person is empowered to set (in particular the imaginary relative level NIR, with a value between 1 and 5 - scale configurable when the system is set up -, as illustrated in the right column of Figure 4).
- the person responsible for the CB typically a hierarchical superior in a human resources management application
- specific values to the different attributes of TES that the person is empowered to set in particular the imaginary relative level NIR, with a value between 1 and 5 - scale configurable when the system is set up -, as illustrated in the right column of Figure 4).
- each ES involved in the composition of this OC is evaluated by at least one other person, to give a value to the NRR attribute of this ES (in particular where a hierarchical superior will "note” the skills that one of his subordinates to declared in the dynamic structure of OC supposed to characterize the subordinate in question (a PPE type portfolio of skills) in the system.
- ES and OC are first evaluated by the person who created them initially. This first assessment corresponds to the NIR. Then, other people may be in charge of evaluating these ES and these OCs, but the NRR is preferentially determined only for the ESs that are valid or active. Thus, as soon as an ES or an OC passes from an unvalidated state to a validated state, or from an inactive state to an active state, the NRR is calculated by an NRR evaluation function implemented by the computer system, which takes into account the evaluations of TES or the CB made by other persons authorized to do so.
- the calculation of NRR implements a weighting as a function of the respective weights of the other persons who carried out the evaluation.
- the multiplicity orders, the MRs, etc. are determined by appropriate system calculations. These operations are typically repeated each time a dynamic structure is created or modified by an authorized person, or again, depending on the load of the computer system implementing the process, at determined deadlines (daily, etc.) in batch processing.
- TOC named “Integration skills” already seen above is characterized by a level “1” which means here that the individual does not like to use this skill.
- This CB is linked to the CB named “bank” which indicates that the CB "integration skills" represents a concept close to the concept represented by TOC "bank”.
- the coupling value is “1” because the OC has only one interaction link. If the “integration skills” CB was also linked for example with the “Knowledge object 1” CB, then the coupling value would become “2”.
- the value of the weight of the “integration skills” CB is “50”. This value is calculated here by adding the masses of the 15 ES that make up the OC and multiplying this sum by the coupling value, in this case "1".
- the “integration skills” CB has interactions (links) with two PPE which are, in this case, two documents representing skills scenarios (PPE Docs MS in Figure 3).
- the OC “Integration skills” is declared as “active” in the dynamic structure of OC, which means that the individual has decided to implement this .competence in the future and that he wishes it to be taken into account by the information processing system.
- the “active” activity state variable allows you to modify the result of all the system functions which take into account the active or inactive state of an OC.
- a PPE of the “skills portfolio” type may contain “dormant” skills in its dynamic structure, which the person does not wish to highlight in his professional environment.
- the CB grouping the simple elements representing these skills in the dynamic structure is placed on “inactive”, so that search functions of a candidate having these skills in particular for a given position will ignore the CB in question.
- profile searches will take it into account. It is therefore an attribute that can be very important in a human resources management application. It is also possible to provide an “active” or “inactive” state at the level of the individual ESs. As we saw above, when creating the OC, the creator can give values to the NIR attributes of each of the constituent ESs of the OC.
- Figure 4 thus shows for example that TES "HR - Evaluation” in the OC "skills integration" is assessed with a NIR of "1", which can indicate a beginner's level in the context of the fifteen ES.
- NIR NIR
- the system is capable of dynamically carrying out numerous other calculations based on the information contained in the dynamic structures of OC, and for example in connection with the attributes of intensity, level of interest, rate of conversion of knowledge of the manager. PPE, etc.
- FIG. 5 represents a standard display for creating PPE of the “scenario” type.
- a system administrator can create new scenario formats.
- FIG. 8 illustrates the representation, on a screen of the system, of a list of two documents, which are documents of the “scenario” type, associated with the “Integration skills” CB. These documents also contain information about the people the individual found useful in developing their skills, the people who helped achieve a goal, and what people learned from a project. We saw above that each OC could be associated with characteristics specific to the OC. Such characteristics can be associations or links with documents.
- PPE is the dynamic portfolio of skills of an individual
- each skill is modeled by an OC of variable size which I can be linked to other OCs.
- the dynamic skills portfolio is thus represented by its dynamic OC structure established by at least one line manager.
- Each skill of the individual is intended to be associated with at least one scenario of the skill, constituted by a document.
- the information supplied by the user when filling in this document can be transferred to the database which manages OC's dynamic structures, to an XML document or any other type of data file.
- the method thus makes it possible to inform, during a scenario, a certain number of attributes (for example the attribute "interest") or other specific characteristics of the ES of an OC, or of the OC himself.
- OCs are dynamic
- the dynamic structure of OCs changes over time and adapts to the evolution of PPE. More generally, the dynamic structures of OC are integrated into PPE and are independent of communities of specialists.
- each person responsible for their PPE will give meaning to each piece of information.
- the dynamic OC structure of an PPE is then created as the OCs are established, modified, characterized and coupled with others.
- all PPE managed by the information processing system will be characterized by dynamic OC structures that are more and more complex and close to the information, real and up-to-date, contained in the PPE.
- PPE can be in particular: objects based on information entities of the text, image, video and audio type or their combinations (multimedia objects), the various components of an organization such as a company (client, partner, employee, knowledge, documents, informational content), - different properties of a person (for example "skills portfolio” object), process, document, task, activity, mission, event, project, training, and more generally all objects for which a definition in terms of dynamic structure of OC within the meaning of the present invention is appropriate.
- multimedia objects such as a company (client, partner, employee, knowledge, documents, informational content), - different properties of a person (for example "skills portfolio” object), process, document, task, activity, mission, event, project, training, and more generally all objects for which a definition in terms of dynamic structure of OC within the meaning of the present invention is appropriate.
- the specific characteristics may be different.
- the specific characteristics relate to the individual with these skills. These specific characteristics are described for example by the marital status of the individual as well as all the known data on the individual such as his photo, his salary, his experience, his training, his CV, his role in the organization, his position / profession, his current projects, the identity of his manager within the organization, the documents with which he interacts, the people with whom the individual has good relations, his preferences, etc.
- the specific characteristics are for example its title, its author, the place where the document is physically located, its creation and / or modification dates, the type of document, its target audience, its language , comments, links, documents or people referring to them, communities of interest, questions the document best answers, summary, etc.
- the system is operational when the entire target environment is represented in the form of dynamic OC structures.
- the invention is simple to carry out, light and quick to implement since it suffices to list and characterize the ESs and organize them in dimensions, groups, databases and dictionary. It is no longer necessary to build repositories, indexes, definitions, categories and rules. It is no longer necessary for all communities to agree. Indeed, users authorized to build dynamic OC structures are not constrained by the dictionary structure. The complexity, the heaviness and the implementation time are very significantly reduced.
- the information processing system is dynamic and continuous. To add and modify ES in the dictionary, just do it without having to interrupt the system.
- the system is open.
- the communities that have access to the information processing system use the same dictionary.
- the people of these communities create OCs and dynamic OC structures according to their own construction patterns.
- people do not manipulate PPE through repositories, indexes, definitions, categories and rules specific to their universes but manipulate PPE through OCs and dynamic structures of different OCs according to their universes.
- the system is independent of the observer. Depending on the level of interpretation of the information, this observer manipulates dynamic OC structures of varying degrees of complexity and of different natures.
- the system remains invariant with respect to the addition of communities, universes and PPE.
- the system is distributed and operational.
- the system works in a collaborative and interactive mode. All people add value to the information contained in PPE. Each person knows how to use the system according to their degree of interpretation of the information. Now, the more people use the system on a daily basis, the more efficient and qualitative the system becomes.
- the system is also scalable. Adding a new PPE is not a problem since the system does not directly use PPE but their dynamic structures. When adding new PPE, simply create the OCs and the dynamic OC structures to be able to handle these new PPEs and perform operations between PPEs by including them.
- the invention also makes it possible to contextualize the information (for example, the “context” of information represented by two ES contained in an OC of five ES being defined by the three complementary ES within the OC). Thus, when the method searches for PPE having such or such ES, it can do so taking into account the direct or indirect vicinity of this ES.
- the dynamic structures of OC have the double advantage of having an indifferent size, and being able to vary more or less strongly.
- the OCs can quickly undergo sudden mutations, and the degree of variation of the OCs of a dynamic structure or of the whole structure also makes it possible to qualify the corresponding PPE: in certain applications, PPE whose structure often varies and / or strongly can be considered more interesting than others on the informational level.
- the invention allows manipulations of these structures making it possible to fully use their potential, and while continuing to get rid of the heaviness linked to the repositories, index, definitions, categories and rules, it being specified that there is an infinity of feasible manipulations.
- the present invention includes software code, called manipulation engine, which makes it possible to define or configure, at the level of an authorized user or of an administrator, the manipulations to be carried out, originating from a or several basic functionalities (as many and varied as desired) offered by the engine, and which can themselves be combinations of simple operations (arithmetic, boolean, etc.). Once a manipulation has been defined, the manipulation engine executes it and generates the result.
- manipulation engine software code
- the processing strategy used by the manipulation engine is specific to each functionality, and the algorithms to be implemented are chosen to be those that best correspond to the desired use in a given application.
- the system makes it possible to process the following operations in two modes: synchronous (real time or quasi-real) and asynchronous (deferred time).
- synchronous real time or quasi-real
- asynchronous deferred time
- the calculations are made when calling the functionality.
- the calculations can be done when the power necessary for the functionality is available to the system.
- the user can apply constraints and filters to take into account in the manipulations only ES, OCs and dynamic OC structures that are qualified for this functionality, this in order to return a result of better quality compared to the object of functionality and to avoid mutilated treatments.
- Still other functionalities make it possible to measure the speed of acquisition of information possessed by an PPE as well as the power (variation of the energy over a period of time) of a dynamic structure of OC and of a group of dynamic OC structures.
- Other functionalities make it possible to measure the relevance of the information gathered in a dynamic OC structure in relation to a request.
- the present invention makes it possible to study the emergence of order at the collective level, the behavior of individuals or groups of individuals depending on the environment, etc.
- the invention makes it possible in particular to transform all the complex information systems, cumbersome and long to implement, static and discrete, closed, centralized and administrative, and finished in simple systems, light and fast to implement , dynamic and continuous, open, distributed and operational and evolving.
- the invention thus makes it possible to solve the problems linked to the classification of large volumes of heterogeneous information.
- the invention simplifies, simplifies and accelerates the implementation of a qualitative and scalable information processing system, usable by diverse and varied communities of people with different degrees of interpretation of information.
- the invention makes it possible to take into account the rapid and continuous evolution of the meaning and direction of the information.
- the invention makes it possible to level up the quality of the information processing system.
- the invention allows the system to continuously evolve and adapt to the diversity and the high and growing number of PPE managed.
- the invention makes it possible to contextualize the information contained in PPE.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP04787337A EP1665083A1 (fr) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Procede de traitement de donnees sur la base de structures dynamiques d elements simples |
US10/571,186 US20070038586A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Data processing method based on simple element dynamic structures |
CA002538736A CA2538736A1 (fr) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Procede de traitement de donnees sur la base de structures dynamiques d'elements simples |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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FR0310737 | 2003-09-12 | ||
FR0310737A FR2859801B1 (fr) | 2003-09-12 | 2003-09-12 | Procede de traitement de donnees sur la base de structures dynamiques d'elements simples |
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WO2005026984A1 true WO2005026984A1 (fr) | 2005-03-24 |
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PCT/FR2004/002288 WO2005026984A1 (fr) | 2003-09-12 | 2004-09-09 | Procede de traitement de donnees sur la base de structures dynamiques d'elements simples |
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US (1) | US20070038586A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1665083A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2538736A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2859801B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005026984A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2013072693A1 (fr) | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-23 | Xention Limited | Thiéno[2,3-c]pyrazoles destinés à être utilisés comme inhibiteurs des canaux potassiques |
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US8504553B2 (en) * | 2007-04-19 | 2013-08-06 | Barnesandnoble.Com Llc | Unstructured and semistructured document processing and searching |
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US8290967B2 (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2012-10-16 | Barnesandnoble.Com Llc | Indexing and search query processing |
JP5158635B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-28 | 2013-03-06 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | パーソナル・サービス支援のための方法、システム、および装置 |
US8353005B2 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2013-01-08 | Microsoft Corporation | Unified management policy |
US8068012B2 (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2011-11-29 | Intelleflex Corporation | RFID device and system for setting a level on an electronic device |
US8928591B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2015-01-06 | Google Inc. | Techniques for providing a user interface having bi-directional writing tools |
US9298698B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2016-03-29 | Google Inc. | Language detection based upon a social graph |
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US9104744B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2015-08-11 | Google Inc. | Cluster-based language detection |
CN104778606A (zh) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-15 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | 账户结构数据的处理方法和装置 |
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US5644764A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-07-01 | Unisys Corporation | Method for supporting object modeling in a repository |
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2003
- 2003-09-12 FR FR0310737A patent/FR2859801B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-09-09 EP EP04787337A patent/EP1665083A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-09 US US10/571,186 patent/US20070038586A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-09 WO PCT/FR2004/002288 patent/WO2005026984A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-09 CA CA002538736A patent/CA2538736A1/fr not_active Abandoned
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WO2013072693A1 (fr) | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-23 | Xention Limited | Thiéno[2,3-c]pyrazoles destinés à être utilisés comme inhibiteurs des canaux potassiques |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2859801A1 (fr) | 2005-03-18 |
EP1665083A1 (fr) | 2006-06-07 |
CA2538736A1 (fr) | 2005-03-24 |
US20070038586A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
FR2859801B1 (fr) | 2007-05-04 |
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