WO2005037077A2 - Heart failure patient treatment and management device - Google Patents
Heart failure patient treatment and management device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005037077A2 WO2005037077A2 PCT/US2004/034211 US2004034211W WO2005037077A2 WO 2005037077 A2 WO2005037077 A2 WO 2005037077A2 US 2004034211 W US2004034211 W US 2004034211W WO 2005037077 A2 WO2005037077 A2 WO 2005037077A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- patient
- parameter
- respiration
- condition
- cardiac
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/36128—Control systems
- A61N1/36132—Control systems using patient feedback
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3601—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation of respiratory organs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/389—Electromyography [EMG]
- A61B5/395—Details of stimulation, e.g. nerve stimulation to elicit EMG response
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/389—Electromyography [EMG]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4806—Sleep evaluation
- A61B5/4818—Sleep apnoea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/7264—Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to devices and methods for managing heart failure patients by monitoring cardiac and/or respiration parameters and identifying the severity of heart failure/cardiac and/or pulmonary disorders . Another aspect includes monitoring pulmonary edema .
- a number of cardiac parameters are believed to be predictors of adverse outcomes in heart failure patients. Such parameters may relate, for example, to aspects of the ECG waveform and to heart rate. [003] Patients with heart failure are prone to a variety of cardiac arrhythmias that may have an important role in cardiac function, symptoms and prognosis.
- Heart failure patients with central sleep apnea when lying flat, tend to have central fluid accumulation and pulmonary congestion, which may stimulate vagal irritant receptors in the lungs to cause reflex hyperventilation. A severe form of pulmonary edema or fluid accumulation is known as decompensation.
- breathing disorders While breathing disorders have been treated a number of ways, a comprehensive patient management with breathing disorder or pulmonary edema monitoring has not been provided.
- Heart failure patients are prescribed on average 11 medications. Management of these patients has proven difficult particularly with the complexity of the various medications and patient lifestyle and drug compliance issues. Patient compliance tracking has been shown to decrease hospital rates and improve quality of life leading to reduced healthcare costs. However, this tracking system did not provide comprehensive patient monitoring.
- One aspect of the invention provides for decompensation monitoring. As decompensation is developing, the ECG QRS and QT periods increase. The respiratory parameters also change as breathing becomes more rapid and shallow as compared to a baseline. Also, in some situations, pulmonary edema severity may increase. [015] One aspect of the invention provides for pulmonary edema monitoring, an indicator of heart failure status. According to this aspect of the invention, a pulmonary monitoring device senses a patient activity level and at least one respiration parameter. For example, a low or at rest activity level with a high or out of range respiration rate may indicate existence or a worsening of pulmonary edema.
- the system may also provide alarms and patient or provider communications if patient is in need of urgent attention possibly leading to hospitalization. This is a frequent occurrence with heart failure patients in decompensation.
- the patient compliance information may also be used for understanding the drug regimen effectiveness or dosing, whether the patient complies, or it may be used to educate the patient when there is lack of compliance with the therapy plan. If the patient's symptoms are brought more towards a normal range with a drug dose, then the drug treatment would be maintained. If the drug treatment did not affect the patient's symptoms sufficiently then the drug dosage may be increased. Accordingly, the drug dosage may vary with detected cardiac and/or breathing irregularities. [017] According to an aspect of the invention, the patient monitoring system provides continuous monitoring of physiological parameters to detect baseline shifts in cardiac and respiratory functions.
- Figure 4 is a flow chart illustrating a severity classification scheme for an awake patient with a high activity level.
- Figure 7 is a chart illustrating an averaging method according to a patient disorder classification scheme in accordance with the invention.
- Incidences of atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmia, and bradycardia may be detected, recorded or counted by sensing an ECG. Increase in these events may indicate a worsening of the heart failure patient's condition.
- Periodic breathing and Cheyne-Stokes breathing have higher rates of ventricular tachycardia than chronic heart failure patients without breathing disorders .
- Some of the respiratory parameters to monitor during sleep may include but are not limited to: periodic breathing episodes; apnea episodes or Cheyne- Stokes episodes; information for calculation the AHI
- the information that may be sensed for pulmonary edema management may include the detections rate, detection amplitude, ventilation waveform morphology including slopes and surface of inspiration waveform, slopes and surface area of exhalation waveform, recorded respiratory waveform information in conjunction with activity and position sensor information.
- the respiration information used may include all or part of a respiration waveform (e.g., length of cycle or a portion of the cycle, cycle frequency, amplitude, slope of the waveform or a portion of the waveform, waveform morphology) , flow, tidal volume, peak tidal volume, averages and standard deviations breathing rate, etc.
- the sensor 22 measures the activity levels of the patient and provides the signal to the controller for use in further analysis.
- the movement signal from the sensor is processed to provide the information indicating the activity level of the patient in conjunction with cardiac and/or respiration parameters.
- the sensor senses activity threshold as no activity, low, medium or high depending on the programmed threshold value. Such value may be programmed or determined for a specific patient. Using the activity sensor value and cardiac or respiratory information, the health of the cardiac and/or respiratory system may be evaluated and monitored, for example as described with reference to Figures 2-7.
- Figure 6 is a flow chart illustrating a patient management device and method in accordance with the invention. At step 100 the patient state is determined in real time. This may be done using an activity sensor to determine the patient's activity level.
- the respiration parameters for a sleeping state may include but are not limited to Cheyne-Stokes duration, Cheyne-Stokes maximum amplitudes, AHI (apnea- hypopnea index) frequency of breathing, and frequency of occurrence of non-apnea hyperventilation during the particular state.
- overall condition classifications for the patient at each of the defined activity levels is determined.
- an overall condition classification of the patient in an awake state at a low activity level is determined.
- each of the cardiac parameters measured and recorded over the period of time of recording are weighted. Each of the parameters are weighted differently.
- weight factors may be preprogrammed into the device .
- the weight factors may also be programmed in on a patient by patient basis by a provider and are adjustable.
- the ECG deviation from a baseline is weighted by factor Al
- QRS duration deviation is weighted by a factor Bl
- atrial fibrillation incidence is weighted by a factor Cl
- ventricular tachycardia incidence is weighted by a factor Dl
- ventricular fibrillation incidence is weighted by a factor El
- bradycardia incidence is weighted by a factor FI
- QT interval deviation from baseline is weighted by a factor Gl .
- the weighted factors are these summed.
- an overall condition classification of the patient in an awake state at patient sleep state is determined.
- each of the cardiac parameters measured and recorded over the period of time of recording are weighted.
- Each of the parameters are weighted differently.
- These weight factors may be preprogrammed into the device.
- the weight factors may also be programmed in on a patient by patient basis by a provider and are adjustable.
- step 150 the ECG deviation from a baseline is weighted by factor A2; QRS duration deviation is weighted by a factor B2; atrial fibrillation incidence is weighted by a factor C2 ; ventricular tachycardia incidence is weighted by a factor D2; ventricular fibrillation incidence is weighted by a factor E2 ; bradycardia incidence is weighted by a factor F2; and QT interval deviation from baseline is weighted by a factor G2.
- the weighted factors are then summed. [057]
- each of the respiration parameters measured and recorded over the period of time of recording are weighted. Each of the parameters are weighted differently. These weight factors may be preprogrammed into the device.
- a cardiac classification is then determined as follows: a 10% or less base line shift is classified as normal; a baseline shift between 10% and 20% is classified as a mild deviation; a baseline shift from 20% to 30% is classified as a medium deviation; and above a 30% baseline shift is classified as a severe deviation.
- These baseline shifts are exemplary and are not intended to limit the classification scheme according to the invention.
- the summed weighted parameters H3-I3 are compared to a baseline for the summed parameters. This baseline also may be preset or programmed into the device on a patient by patient basis. This baseline is also adjustable by a provider.
- a respiration classification is then determined as follows: a 10% or less base line shift is classified as normal; a baseline shift between 10% and 20% is classified as a mild deviation; a baseline shift from 20% to 30% is classified as a medium deviation; and above a 30% baseline shift is classified as a severe deviation.
- the cardiac classification is weighted as a percentage of the total overall classification with the respiration classification being weighted as the remainder percentage of the total overall classification at substep 135 following step 133.
- the overall classification is finally determined for step 102c by combining the weighted cardiac classification with the weighted respiration classification.
- an overall condition classification of the patient in an awake state at a high activity level is determined.
- each of the cardiac parameters measured and recorded over the period of time of recording are weighted.
- Each of the parameters are weighted differently.
- These weight factors may be preprogrammed into the device.
- the weight factors may also be programmed in on a patient by patient basis by a provider and are adjustable.
- a cardiac classification is then determined as follows: a 10% or less base line shift is classified as normal; a baseline shift between 10% and 20% is classified as a mild deviation; a baseline shift from 20% to 30% is classified as a medium deviation; and above a 30% baseline shift is classified as a severe deviation.
- These baseline shifts are exemplary and are not intended to limit the classification scheme according to the invention.
- the summed weighted parameters H4-I4 are compared to a baseline for the summed parameters. This baseline also may be preset or programmed into the device on a patient by patient basis. This baseline is also adjustable by a provider.
- step 104 the physician is informed for an office visit and/or ER admission is prepared through communication with the physician and/or hospital using a communication device such as described with respect to Figure 8.
- step 105 an average of the overall classifications values for the four conditions determined in steps 1-4 is calculated in accordance with the chart illustrated in Figure 7. As shown in Figure 7, a number 0, 1, 2, or 3 is assigned for each overall classification for a given condition. [078] If the average is less than 1, the average is considered normal 106 and no further course of action is suggested.
- the telemetry coil 47 is an RF coil or alternatively may be a magnetic coil depending on what type of coil a telemetry coil of the implanted controller 30 may be .
- the telemetry circuit 46 is configured to transmit to the implanted controller 30, signals containing, e.g., programming or other instructions or information, programmed stimulation rates and pulse widths, electrode configurations, and other device performance details.
- the telemetry circuit 46 is also configured to receive telemetry signals from the implanted controller 30 that may contain, e.g., sensed and/or accumulated data such as the sensed information corresponding to the cardiac and respiration parameters described herein.
- Such sensed data may include sensed ECG, heart rate data, sensed EMG activity, sensed nerve activity, sensed movement information whether corresponding to breathing or to patient activity.
- the information may contain raw or processed data or signals.
- the patient management system may be contained in part or in whole in the implanted sensor 30 or the external controller 40.
- Other information such as frequency and time of cardiac or respiratory events, number of cardiac or respiratory events detected in a time interval or during a sleep cycle may be included in the uploaded information as well as the correlated recorded activity level.
- related parameters such as frequency of hyperventilation including time and patient activity level may be recorded and uploaded to the external device 40.
- the uploaded information may be stored in RAM event memory 58 or may be uploaded and through an external port 53 to a computer, or processor, either directly or through a phone line or other communication device that may be coupled to the processor 45 through the external port 53.
- the external device 40 also includes ROM memory 57 for storing and providing operating instructions to the external device 40 and processor 45.
- the external device also includes RAM event memory 58 for storing uploaded event information such as sensed information and data from the control unit 30, and RAM program memory 59 for system operations and future upgrades.
- the external device also includes a buffer 54 coupled to or that can be coupled through a port to a user-operated device 55 such as a keypad input or other operation devices.
- the external device 40 includes a display device 56 (or a port where such device can be connected), e.g., for display visual, audible or tactile information, alarms or pages.
- the external device may be equipped with a palm pilot type device that connects to the phone line for downloading the patient specific information regarding patient's cardiac, respiratory or pulmonary edema status, and whether the parameters are programmed correctly.
- This device may allow for remote follow-up, continuous monitoring of the patient's status, effectiveness of the drug regime for a heart failure patient.
- the device may provide for management of medications (including, e.g., diuretics ACE inhibitors, or beta blockers) for such heart failure related conditions such as pulmonary edema.
- the information may be viewed by the clinician using a web browser anywhere in the world of the handheld can send a fax or notice to the physician's office once the parameters of interest are outside the programmed range. The physician may then request an office visit.
- the system also can send a summarized report on weekly, biweekly, or monthly as routine update based on the decision of the physician programmed in the handheld device. Medication adjustment/ drug titration may be accomplished remotely. Hand-held communication protocol/technology may be magnetic or RF .
- the patient management device may be used in conjunction or incorporated into various therapy devices such as, e.g., diaphragm stimulation devices as described, for example in U.S. application Ser. No. 10/686,891, entitled: "BREATHING DISORDER DETECTION AND THERAPY DELIVERY DEVICE AND METHOD", by Tehran! filed October 15, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.
- Safety mechanisms may be incorporated into any stimulation device in accordance with the invention.
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- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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- Neurology (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/686,891 US8467876B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2003-10-15 | Breathing disorder detection and therapy delivery device and method |
US10/686,891 | 2003-10-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005037077A2 true WO2005037077A2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
WO2005037077A3 WO2005037077A3 (en) | 2005-09-09 |
Family
ID=34465515
Family Applications (6)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/033850 WO2005037172A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Breathing therapy device and method |
PCT/US2004/034170 WO2005037220A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Breathing disorder detection and therapy delivery device and method |
PCT/US2004/034212 WO2005037173A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | System and method for mapping diaphragm electrode sites |
PCT/US2004/034211 WO2005037077A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Heart failure patient treatment and management device |
PCT/US2004/034213 WO2005037174A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | System and method for diaphragm stimulation |
PCT/US2004/034103 WO2005037366A1 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Device and method with a precursor predictor for treating a breathing disorder |
Family Applications Before (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/033850 WO2005037172A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Breathing therapy device and method |
PCT/US2004/034170 WO2005037220A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Breathing disorder detection and therapy delivery device and method |
PCT/US2004/034212 WO2005037173A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | System and method for mapping diaphragm electrode sites |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2004/034213 WO2005037174A2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | System and method for diaphragm stimulation |
PCT/US2004/034103 WO2005037366A1 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2004-10-15 | Device and method with a precursor predictor for treating a breathing disorder |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (15) | US8467876B2 (en) |
DE (3) | DE112004001957T5 (en) |
WO (6) | WO2005037172A2 (en) |
Cited By (28)
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WO2009048610A1 (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2009-04-16 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Respiratory stimulation for treating periodic breathing |
EP2198779A1 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-23 | Sendsor GmbH | Device and method for early detection of exacerbations |
US7869877B2 (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2011-01-11 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Cardiopulmonary functional status assessment via heart rate response detection by implantable cardiac device |
WO2011023961A1 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-03 | Naylor, Matthew J. | Relational thermorespirometer spot vitals monitor |
US8116869B2 (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2012-02-14 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Cardiopulmonary functional status assessment via metabolic response detection by implantable cardiac device |
US8135471B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2012-03-13 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Method and apparatus for inspiratory muscle stimulation using implantable device |
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