WO2005087994A1

WO2005087994A1 - Cleaning shaft

Info

Publication number: WO2005087994A1
Application number: PCT/CH2005/000161
Authority: WO
Inventors: Götz Theodor Gresser; Dyrk Saaro; Peter Netzhammer; Christian Sauter
Original assignee: Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag
Priority date: 2004-03-18
Filing date: 2005-03-17
Publication date: 2005-09-22
Also published as: DE502005004191D1; BRPI0508907A; EP1733080A1; EP1733080B1; CN1954104A

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning shaft for a carder, wherein a blade is associated with the opening cylinder.

Description

cleaning slot

The present invention relates to a cleaner shaft for spinning machines, for example cards, cards.

The material supply of the card has an influence on the end product of the card: the card sliver. Irregularities in the feed can be found in the tape, since they are responsible for the formation of thick or thin spots, c. q. cause the formation of thick or thin spots. These defects can hardly be corrected in the course of the remaining processes to produce a yarn and therefore have a direct influence on the final yarn quality. In order to achieve uniform patterns, the wadding that is formed in the feed shaft must be equally distributed across the width and of the same density. One problem is the pneumatic flake feed, which feeds the individual card with flakes unevenly. This problem was solved by means of a shaft which was closed by a

Feeding device was divided into two parts, so that the actual cotton wool to the card is only locally influenced by this feeding device.

A further requirement for the template, especially for high-performance cards, is a high degree of dissolution, since part of the increase in performance of these cards compared to conventional cards is caused by a larger clothing load, and accordingly more finely opened material is required. Therefore, an opening roller was arranged directly after the feed device, which largely dissolves the flakes. Although the shafts have been optimized with an improvement in the air balance and constructive improvements, it is

The basic principle of the two-part shaft has remained and is basically used today.

The current generation of high-performance cards have a production of up to 180 kg per hour. With these high productions, the demands on the template have increased. For the pre-cleaning of this template are in the blow-molding process

BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE mainly the cleaning machines, such as coarse cleaners or fine cleaners, are responsible.

The coarse cleaner is usually arranged at the beginning of the process directly after the bale opener, which removes the cotton from the bale and feeds it into the pneumatic transport. The coarse cleaner is available in very different models, but they have some common features. The material is mostly processed in free flight using roughly equipped work rolls. The opening effect is therefore low and, above all, coarse dirt that is present on the outside of the flakes is removed. Coarse cleaners also remove free dirt particles, such as shell parts or other foreign bodies.

The fine cleaner comes much later in the process and is usually immediately upstream of the cards. The fine cleaner is more aimed at removing dirt from inside the flakes. This cleaning step should therefore take place after an additional opening step. The fine cleaner almost always works with a clamped feed and a finer assembly of the roller downstream of the feed. For more intensive cleaning, the opening roller is equipped as a cleaning roller, for example with rust knives and a saw tooth set on the roller.

In practice, there are no cleaning shafts, a filling shaft with a cleaning function. EP 810309 discloses a system concept in which the fine cleaner is integrated into the filling shaft. The document discloses a filling shaft with several grate bars in accordance with the expansion in a fine cleaner. This solution has the disadvantage that the arrangement of the grate bars is very complex and the space available in a filling shaft is smaller than that in a fine cleaner, which can result in either a lack of space or loss of functionality.

The disclosed arrangements have the main disadvantage that they are complex to construct and therefore expensive. In addition, they would not function reliably from a technological point of view. The invention is based on the object of a device of the beginning to create the type described, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned, which in particular integrates the fine cleaning function in the filling shaft without taking over the complex construction of the fine cleaners.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1. The knife, which is arranged directly after the transfer point, not only removes the dirt particles which are thrown outwards by the centrifugal force of the opening roller, but also the particles which are caused by the " combing effect "of the transfer point are released. A guide element, located in front of the knife directly after the transfer point, would push these released particles back onto the roller and thereby disadvantage the distance. Direct means here also without elements arranged in between, which could have an influence on the separation movement of the dirt particles.

The dropping of particles on a roller, such as. B. dirt particles or fibers, is caused by the centrifugal force generated by the opening roller (2), which is tangential to the roller surface (1) in the direction of rotation (see schematic representation in Figure 1.) In addition to this force, gravity (g) also acts the particles. At the optimal drop point, both forces run in the same direction. In the case of a roller, this point would be measured at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the vertical line through the axis of rotation of the opening roller in the direction of rotation. At an angle of more than 230 ° with respect to the vertical line through the axis of rotation of the opening roller measured in the direction of rotation, the force of gravity acting on the particles to be thrown off and the centrifugal force are no longer suitable to ensure a technologically sensible ejection. Therefore, the range from 10 to a maximum of 190 ° with respect to the vertical line through the axis of rotation of the opening roller in the direction of rotation is preferably suitable for the arrangement of a discharge point.

However, it is undesirable for both the dirt and the fibers to be thrown off at the same point. Therefore, two discharge points are needed: the dirt discharge point and the fiber discharge point. Although ideally for one Particles can be set a precise drop point, in practice it is not a precise point, but dirt or fibers a drop area.

In order to achieve constant cleaning in the cleaning shaft according to the invention, the two discharge points are preferably arranged in such a way that trouble-free waste disposal is ensured and any impairments to the air balance are excluded.

The dirt discharge point, hereinafter referred to as the separation point, is defined by the separation gap between the transfer point and the knife edge. The transfer point is defined as the point where the smallest distance between the set of the feeding device and that of the opening roller is. This point is sometimes called the point of combing, here the fibers are taken over by the opening roller. The distance between the transfer point and the knife edge, expressed in the angle (β) between the transfer point and the knife edge, measured from the transfer point by the axis of rotation of the opening roller in the direction of rotation, is between 10 ° and 65 °, preferably between 10 ° and 45 °, especially between 20 ° and 32 °. This distance influences the opening of the discharge gap and thus the amount of waste and the composition of the waste.

Since the cleaner shaft is primarily intended for cleaning cotton, the angle (ß) setting depends, among other things, on the length of the individual fibers and the degree of soiling. The filling shaft can also be set to a minimum level by the knife, for the resolution of

Chemical fibers are used. The knife will then function as a normal guide. Or the knife can be replaced by a baffle and the cleaner shaft would work like a normal filling shaft.

Debris that has already been uncovered is thrown out of the impact circle into the outlet channel according to the centrifugal force acting on it after the transfer point. For this reason, the feed roller is preferably inclined (measured) at an angle (α) of 25 ° to 90 ° with respect to the opening roller by the axis of rotation of the feed roller and the opening roller relative to the vertical plane by the axis of rotation of the opening roller in the direction of rotation of the opening roller.)

The fiber ejection point should preferably be arranged in such a way that the good fibers are ejected technologically. Since the fiber flakes are released at the transfer point, a long dwell time of the fibers on the opening roller is not technologically sensible, so a quick release has a rapid effect on the entire process. A guide surface is arranged between the knife edge and the discharge point, which clearly separates the

Excretion point and the fiber discharge point allows. This guide surface can be formed as a separate guide element or together with the knife. The knife is preferably extended to the rear, as will be explained in more detail later.

The guide surface can run parallel to the radius of the roller surface, the distance to the roller surface can remain the same or open. Opening means that the distance between the two surfaces increases in the direction of rotation. As soon as the distance opens, the fibers are inclined to move outwards on the clothing so that they can be thrown off. This movement of the fibers is such that the discharge point is preferably arranged at an angle (γ) of 40 ° to 55 ° (measured from the beginning of the opening through the axis of the opening roller in the direction of rotation). The beginning of the opening means the point where the distance from the guide element relative to the roll surface begins to increase. This opening preferably takes place directly after the knife edge, the discharge point is then arranged at an angle (γ) of 40 ° to 55 °, measured from the knife edge through the axis of the opening roller in the direction of rotation.

The knife is preferably folded together with the guide element, which is arranged downstream. The knife edge is due to the dirt particles and the fibers that brush over the edges have a high potential for wear. You can either choose a wear-resistant material and / or make the knife edge replaceable. An alternative solution is to make the knife and guide element from one piece. Before this, a piece of sheet metal is first made to the desired thickness, the knife edge is ground and then the sheet metal is bent into the desired curvature. This creates a finer knife edge that has no additional

Fasteners or grooves where dirt or scraps of fiber can hang. This manufacturing technique has the advantage that a stable, inexpensive knife that can be exchanged can be manufactured. The fastening elements are therefore preferably arranged on the side of this knife, in particular fastening elements that change the setting of the distance

Allow transfer point / knife edge while the knife is installed.

The degree of cleaning which can be achieved is influenced by the cleaner shaft according to the invention from the distance of the knife edge to the needle tips and from the distance of the knife edge to the transfer point. This last knife setting can be adjusted manually or with the help of a drive. The setting can take place at predetermined intervals or continuously. In addition, the setting can be combined with a control which makes or adjusts the setting, preferably depending on the degree of soiling, fiber length or provenance. This setting can also depend on parameters that are otherwise measured on the card, for example the number of nits in the outgoing product. In addition to adjusting the knife, the speed of the opening roller also has an effect on the degree of cleaning. This parameter can also be integrated in the control.

Examples and advantageous developments of the invention are explained on the basis of the figures. The reference numbers have been kept the same in all figures.

Figure 1 Schematic representation of the balance of forces that are exerted on the particles (see description above).

Figure 2 Scheme of the inventive arrangement of the cleaning point

Figure 3 Schematic example of the inventive arrangement of the cleaner shaft. Figure 4 Schematic side view of a card with the cleaner shaft according to the invention Figure 5 Schematic representation of the knife

Figure 2 shows schematically the arrangement options of the cleaning point according to the invention, wherein

1. α, the angle of the inclination of the feed roller with respect to the opening roller measured by the axis of rotation of the feed roller and the opening roller with respect to the vertical plane through the axis of rotation of the opening roller in the direction of rotation of the opening roller;

2. ß, the angle between the transfer point and the knife edge measured from the transfer point through the axis of rotation of the opening roller in the direction of rotation and

3. γ, represents the angle between the knife edge or the beginning of the opening of the guide element and the discharge point, the beginning of the opening of the guide element being the point from where the distance between the guide element and the roller surface begins to increase in the direction of rotation.

The angles .alpha., .Beta. And .gamma. Together preferably do not exceed 180-200.degree., So that the fiber and discharge point is also arranged at a technologically sensible point. It is not necessary to tilt the feed roller relative to the opening roller in the direction of rotation, but even a slight inclination has an advantageous effect on the dirt removal. An example of a cleaner shaft arrangement could therefore be an α of 45 °, a β adjustable between 20 ° and 35 ° and γ of 45 °. The dirt separation point would then lie between angles α and β, or between 45 ° and 80 ° and the discharge point would then lie after a total angle of α, β and γ of at most 125 °. It should be noted again that these are not absolute drop points, but areas. In this example of the cleaner arrangement, the dirt separation point and the fiber discharge point are arranged all around the respective optimal discharge point. Both the dirt separating point and the fiber dropping point have the advantage that gravity supports the dropping off of the particles and are needed under Circumstances no additional suction for the removal of the dropped particles.

It can be advantageous to arrange an additional guide element or baffle plate (28) in such a way that the discarded fiber flakes are deflected in the lowermost shaft part. Especially when the total angle comes close to 180 ° to 200 °.

FIG. 3 schematically shows an arrangement according to the invention of the cleaning point in a cleaner shaft. The feed roller 9 and feed trough 10 together transport the cotton flakes from the upper part of the filling shaft (7) on the opening roller (1), also known as the opening roller. The smallest distance between the feed trough and the feed roller forms the feed point or clamping point.

The flakes are transported between the two rollers until they reach the smallest distance between the two rollers. This point is called the transfer point (17) - but is also known as a combing point or combing point. The cotton fibers are transferred to the opening roller here. Debris already uncovered is thrown out of the impact circle into the outlet channel (12) according to the centrifugal force acting on it after the transfer point. This outlet channel can be in the form of a suction channel, for example, or in the form of a channel which is directed directly downwards, as a result of which gravity aids in the removal.

The fiber flakes adhering to the clothing of the opening roller are passed directly after the combing point past a knife edge (3), at which further coarse dirt and undissolved fiber knots are eliminated. The distance of the knife edge from the transfer point is adjustable, which can influence the amount of waste and thus the cleaning efficiency. The good fibers are transported further to the opening roller, along a guide element, which is arranged directly after the knife. The fiber material is then dropped tangentially from the opening roller into the lower shaft part (8). There it can be further compressed by air (13) introduced via a compression fan. An air stream directed directly at the opening roller to assist in dropping off the flakes and or fibers can also be an option. This air is discharged again via a sieve wall at the rear of the lower shaft (14). The cotton wool is placed on the inlet plate 16 of the feed roller of the card by the outlet rollers 15 in the lower shaft.

FIG. 4 shows a revolving flat card 20, e.g. B. the Rieter card C60 with a working width of 1.5 meters, with a cleaner shaft 6 according to the invention. Fiber flakes are transported through transport channels (not shown) through the various blow molding process stages and are finally fed into the cleaning shaft of the card. This then passes the fiber flakes on to the card as cotton wool. The feed device 27 feeds the fiber flakes to the licker-ins 21. The licker-ins open the fiber flakes and remove some of the dirt particles. The last licker-in roller transfers the fibers to the card drum 22. The card drum 22 works together with the lids 24 and thereby parallelizes the fibers even further. The lids are cleaned by a lid cleaning 25. After the fibers have in some cases carried out several revolutions on the card drum, they are removed from the card drum by the take-off roller 23, fed to the pinch roller 26 and finally deposited as a card sliver in a jug can in a jug (not shown).

FIG. 5 shows a guide element with a knife edge. It can also be viewed as an elongated knife.

Such a knife can be produced, for example, by producing a straight knife plate with a knife edge in a first production step. In a second production step, you can then bend the extended knife across the width into the desired radius. Preferably such that the radius in Direction of the opening roller becomes larger. This opens the gap between the element and the roller, which causes the fibers to be ejected. The production steps could also take place in reverse. But to achieve a precise knife edge, this is not advantageous.

The knife edge can be shaped in particular by mechanical processing of the sheet in a straight shape, for example by milling or grinding. The knife edge is preferably only ground on one side, in particular the side facing away from the roller. As a result, the side facing the roller forms a smooth surface and prevents fiber adhesion. Alternatively, the extended knife according to the invention can also be formed from two parts.

In order to fasten the elongated knife, fastening elements (5) are arranged, for example a slot and a fastening screw, preferably only on the end faces of the knife (only drawn on one side of the knife in FIG. 5). The fastening means are preferably arranged such that that the distance between the transfer point and the knife edge is adjustable, which includes a shift in the radial direction. This setting can then preferably be changed manually or automatically, preferably with the aid of a drive.

The cleaner shaft could be equipped with its own autonomous control, or connected to a higher-level control system, for example that of the card or that of the overall system. For a good functioning of the cleaner shaft, the degree of cleaning, the fiber load in the form of fiber damage and / or increase in nits and the loss of good fibers in the outlet are important parameters that are partly interrelated. For example, there is a high degree of cleaning, usually combined with an increased fiber load. These parameters can be combined with machine parameters, such as the speed of the opening roller, the distance between the transfer point and the knife edge, or the distance between the clamping point and the transfer point. To simplify the setting, these settings can be integrated into an operator panel, such as in EP 452 676 has been described. Operation is simplified in such a way that the operator only has to make a few decisions and can therefore set all machine parameters, for example the group parameters, cleaning intensity and amount of waste.

Combinations with parameters measured on the card are also possible, for example adjusting the settings based on a measured parameter on the card, for example neps, thin or thick spots. These can be measured e.g. B. on the fleece in the acceptance area or on the belt.

Legend Figures 1. Opening roller (also known as opening roller 2. Roller surface 3. Knife edge 4. Guide element 5. Fastening element 6. Cleaner shaft 7. Upper shaft part 8. Lower shaft part 9. Feed roller 10. Feed trough 11. Fitting 12. Dirt separation channel (also outlet channel) 13 Inlet air supply lower shaft part 14. Permeable wall for the separation of air and dust 15. Feeding device 16. Baffle 17. Transfer point (also combing point) 18. Dirt separating point (also dirt discharge point) 19. Fiber discharge point 20. Card 21 Norreiser (also known as Briseur) 22 Drum or drum 23. Removal roller 24. Set of traveling covers 25. Cleaning elements for the traveling cover 26. Outlet 27. Feeding device 28. Baffle plate or guide element α angle of inclination of the feed roller with respect to the opening roller ß angle between transfer point and knife edge γ angle between knife edge and fiber discharge point

Claims

claims

1. cleaner shaft (6) for a spinning machine, with a roller (1), preferably an opening roller, and a knife arranged on this roller with a knife edge (3) arranged counter to the direction of rotation of the roller, a feed device for the roller, preferably a feed roller (9) with a trough (10), the feed device being assigned to the roller in such a way that a transfer point (17) is formed, characterized in that the knife is arranged directly after the transfer point.

2. cleaner shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer point (17) forms where the plane through the axes of rotation of the feed and opening roller at an angle (α) of 25 ° to 90 ° relative to the vertical plane through the axis of rotation of Opening roller is inclined in the direction of rotation of the opening roller.

3. cleaner shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angle (ß) between the transfer point and the knife edge between 10 and 65 °, in particular between 10 ° and 45 °, measured from the transfer point through the axis of rotation of the opening roller in rotation.

4. cleaner shaft according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle (γ) between the knife edge and the beginning of the fiber discharge point is between 40 ° and 55 °, measured from the knife edge by the axis of rotation of the opening roller in the direction of rotation.

5. cleaner shaft according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a guide element (4) is arranged downstream of the knife edge.

6. cleaner shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that the knife edge and the guide element are in one piece.

7. cleaner shaft according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the distance of the guide element to the surface of the clothing on the roller is constant.

8. cleaner shaft according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the distance of the guide element to the surface of the clothing on the roller remains the same.

9. cleaner shaft according to claim 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that the distance of the guide element to the surface of the clothing on the roller increases in the direction of rotation.

10. cleaner shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that this increase in the distance begins directly after the knife edge.

11. Cleaner shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that this increase in the distance begins after an area with a constant distance of the guide element from the roller surface.

12. cleaner shaft according to claim 11, characterized in that the angle (γ) between the beginning of the increase in the distance and the beginning of the fiber discharge point is between 40 ° and 55 °, measured from the start of the increase in the distance through the axis of rotation of the opening roller in rotation.

13. cleaner shaft according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the setting of the knife edge relative to the transfer point is adjustable.

14. cleaner shaft according to claim 13, characterized in that for the setting mechanical means, for example, a drive are provided.

15. cleaner shaft according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it can be connected to a controller or contains a controller itself.

16. Knife for the cleaner shaft according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it is formed together with the guide element from a sheet.

17. Knife according to claim 16, characterized in that the knife edge contains a knife edge on only one side, which is arranged on the side facing away from the opening roller.

18. Knife according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the knife with guide element has the curved radius, so the guide element can be arranged parallel to the surface of the opening roller.