WO2007036581A1 - Lighting system, installation for a surgical procedure and method of lighting an operating table in an operating room - Google Patents

Lighting system, installation for a surgical procedure and method of lighting an operating table in an operating room Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007036581A1
WO2007036581A1 PCT/ES2006/000287 ES2006000287W WO2007036581A1 WO 2007036581 A1 WO2007036581 A1 WO 2007036581A1 ES 2006000287 W ES2006000287 W ES 2006000287W WO 2007036581 A1 WO2007036581 A1 WO 2007036581A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elements
electronic control
control system
group
lighting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2006/000287
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Enric Laporte Rosello
Josep Amat Girbau
Alicia Casals Gelpi
Manel Frigola Bourlon
Original Assignee
Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya
Corporacion Sanitaria Parc Tauli
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya, Corporacion Sanitaria Parc Tauli filed Critical Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya
Publication of WO2007036581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007036581A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
    • F21S2/005—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction of modular construction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/30—Devices for illuminating a surgical field, the devices having an interrelation with other surgical devices or with a surgical procedure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/02—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
    • F21V21/15—Adjustable mountings specially adapted for power operation, e.g. by remote control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
    • F21V21/30—Pivoted housings or frames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D25/00—Control of light, e.g. intensity, colour or phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
    • F21W2131/205—Lighting for medical use for operating theatres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention is included in the field of adjustable lighting systems, useful in, for example, operating rooms, where they can be used to illuminate an operating table or the like from different angles.
  • lamps equipped with reflectors have been developed, to concentrate the light radiation on the work area.
  • These lamps can consist of a single light emitter mounted on an articulated arm, or a plurality of light emitters mounted on independent articulated arms, or a plurality of light emitters mounted on an articulated support unit, so that a user can direct the luminous flux to the work area by manual manipulation of the devices.
  • the luminescent element or elements are usually high-performance incandescent lamps, made of tungsten filament.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to an electronically controllable lighting system, comprising: a plurality of light emitting elements arranged so that they form a matrix of light emitting elements.
  • the matrix comprises a plurality of rows of said elements and a plurality of columns of said elements.
  • the elements are configured to allow individual control of the light emission from each of the elements, with an electronic control system (which can be part of the system of the invention or that can be independent of the system of the invention, for example , in the form of an independent module that can be coupled to the array of elements when the invention is to be operated).
  • a plurality of the elements are grouped into groups.
  • Each group comprises a plurality of said elements.
  • Each of the groups is associated with orientation means configured to orient the light emitted by the elements of the group in a desired direction, under the control of the electronic control system.
  • each element for example, selectively turning on and off the different light emitting elements
  • modifying the orientation of the light emitted by each group of elements it can be established, modified and move an illuminated area in different directions along a surface, for example, an operating table, all under the control of an electronic control system.
  • the concept based on a plurality of elements that can emit light under the individualized control of an electronic control system (so that each element can be turned on or off according to the characteristics of the lighting that is desired to be obtained at each moment, and with the optional possibility of establish the intensity of the light emitted at a level selected from a plurality of levels), while groups of elements can pivot or reorient to control the orientation or direction of the light emitted by each group (also under the control of the system electronic control), allows an easy implementation of the system, especially useful in applications such as the lighting of an operating table.
  • each group can emit light at different angles with respect to the area to be illuminated, allows not only to choose the area to be illuminated but also the angle of the illumination, something important to avoid or reduce shadows in the illuminated area in relation to, for example, a surgical intervention.
  • Each group can comprise a row of elements, so that the orientation of the light emitted by each row can be controlled from the electronic control system.
  • an illuminated area can be moved along an operating table (which can be located so that the columns of the elements extend in the longitudinal direction of the operating table, for example) .
  • the orientation means may be configured so that the elements of each group are pivotally arranged with respect to an axis, so that the elements of the group can pivot together with respect to said axis, under the control of the electronic control system , so that the electronic control system can control the direction of the light emitted by the elements of the group. This way of complementing the orientation means allows to obtain a simple structure of the system.
  • the orientation means may comprise, for each group, a motor (for example, a servomotor) associated with the group and operated by the electronic control system to swing the elements of the group with respect to the axis, under the control of the electronic control system
  • a motor for example, a servomotor
  • each motor can be coupled to an axis on which the elements of the corresponding group, so that the motor can rotate said axis under the control of the electronic control system, thus modifying the direction or orientation of the light emitted by the elements.
  • This simple structure allows to minimize costs and increase the reliability of the system.
  • a modular system is obtained, something that facilitates the replacement of possible defective elements and which is advantageous from a logistic point of view.
  • the electronic control system may be configured to determine a position and / or extension of an illuminated area in a first direction parallel to the rows of elements by selective switching on and off of the elements in the rows, and to determine a position and / or extension of the illuminated area in a direction perpendicular to said rows (for example, parallel to the columns of the matrix) by means of orientation (and, optionally, also modifying the distribution of the elements on and off, respectively, between different rows of elements).
  • the control of the illuminated area can be implemented very easily.
  • its "transverse" extension and displacement can be carried out by selectively turning on and off, with respect to one or several rows, the emission elements corresponding to certain columns, while the displacement in the "longitudinal" direction can be done using the orientation means, for example, by rotating the light emitting elements of certain rows, on their axes.
  • the selection of some groups of elements or others (for example, from one row or another) to illuminate an area can be done so that the light comes from one direction or at an angle that minimizes the shadows, for example, In a work zone.
  • the electronic control system can be configured to individually control the emission of light from each of the light emitting elements so that the electronic control system locates selectively each element in a state of light emission or in a state of non-light emission.
  • the electronic control system may be configured to individually control the intensity level of the light emitted from each of said elements, so that the electronic control system selectively places, for each element, said intensity level at a value selected from a plurality of values between a maximum value and a minimum value, the minimum value corresponding to a state of no light emission from the element.
  • the electronic control system may be configured so as to allow simultaneous illumination of a plurality of illuminated areas, which may be separated by unlit areas. That is, instead of handling a single light bulb (created by one or more light emitting elements corresponding to one or more groups of elements), the system can simultaneously handle different light bulbs, which can overlap or not, and that can move over the work area (for example, an operating table) independently. This further increases the possibilities of facilitating optimally adapted lighting for a series of tasks to be performed, for example, in relation to a surgical intervention.
  • Each element may comprise at least one solid-state luminescent unit, for example, at least one light emitting diode (LED: Light Emitting Diode).
  • LEDs are simple and reliable elements and today it is feasible to establish LED arrays at a reasonable cost.
  • the number of rows and columns is established based on, for example, the degree of "resolution" with which one wishes to define and move the illuminated area, depending on cost aspects, etc. For example, good results can be obtained with a system with 10 columns and 16 rows, but the system is easily scalable.
  • the electronic control system may comprise a computer or other programmable device.
  • the system may additionally comprise a projection system to project data and / or images.
  • This projection system can comprise a projector located in correspondence with the matrix of light emitting elements, and be controlled from the electronic control system, so that the lighting system and the data and / or image projection system can remain perfectly integrated. That is, the system can be configured for the projection of data and / or images through the projector under the control of the electronic control system.
  • the projection of images and data can serve as support to staff during, for example, a surgical intervention.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to an installation for a surgical intervention, which comprises an operating table and a system according to what has been described above, with the light emitting elements located to illuminate the operating table under control. of the electronic control system.
  • the matrix can be aligned with the table so that the columns extend in parallel with the longitudinal extension of the table, in which case the longitudinal displacement of the illuminated area along the table can be made by modifying the orientation of the light emitted by the groups of emitters that are emitting light, while the displacement in the transverse direction is achieved by turning on certain elements and turning off other elements of certain rows or groups of elements.
  • the rows or groups of elements that will contain lighted elements can be chosen so that a minimum of annoying shadows are obtained in the work area, that is, it can be performed depending on the position of the personnel involved in the work and It can be modified based on staff movement.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of lighting an operating table in an operating room, comprising the step of establishing, with a lighting system in accordance with what has been described above, an illuminated area on the table of operations.
  • the method can additionally comprise the steps of modifying the position and / or extension of said illuminated area in a first direction by means of the selective on and off of light emitting elements of said lighting system, and modifying the position and / or extension of said area illuminated in a second direction, perpendicular to said first direction, modifying the orientation of the light emitted from at least one of the groups of elements.
  • the method can additionally comprise the step of projecting data and / or images on the operating table, something that can serve as support to the personnel involved in a surgical operation.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a lighting system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2.- Shows a schematic perspective view of a lighting system according to that embodiment of the invention, mounted on an operating table of an operating room.
  • Figures 3A and 3B.- Show, schematically, a possible way to cross the illuminated area transversely.
  • Figures 4A and 4B.- They show, schematically, a possible way to increase a lighted area.
  • Figures 5A and 5B. They show, schematically, a possible way to move a lighted area longitudinally.
  • Figures 6A and 6B.- Show, schematically, an embodiment of the invention that allows simultaneous illumination of a plurality of illuminated areas.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, based on a matrix of light emitting elements 1 arranged in rows 11 and columns 12, within a protective housing 5 with a front part transparent.
  • Each light emitting element comprises an LED (or several LEDs).
  • the light emitting elements 1 are mounted on a common axis (not illustrated in Figure 1) which is rotated with a corresponding servo motor 4, which operates under the control of an electronic control system 2, which comprises a computer and the associated conventional circuits necessary to operate the servomotors 4 (this electronic control system may be part of the system of the invention, or be an independent part thereof).
  • this electronic control system may be part of the system of the invention, or be an independent part thereof.
  • the electronic control system 2 is configured to establish, at all times, the level of the lighting from each LED or light emitting element 1, for example, between a state of ignition ("ON") and off ("OFF") or between a plurality of different lighting levels, between the "ON” and “OFF” ends. That is, the electronic control system controls both the lighting angle from each row of light emitting elements 1, and the status of each individual element. Obviously, in this way the intensity of the lighting can be varied, as well as the illuminated area, as the angle of incidence of the light on the surface to be illuminated, depending on, for example, the need to avoid annoying shadows in the area of work.
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates how the illuminated area A can be moved in different directions.
  • Figure 1 also illustrates how, in correspondence with the array of light emitting elements 1, the system includes a video projector of images and / or data, which can be controlled by the electronic control system 2 and serve to project data and / or images on, for example, an operating table, to guide or otherwise support the operators (for example, doctors and other personnel involved in the process, etc.).
  • a video projector of images and / or data which can be controlled by the electronic control system 2 and serve to project data and / or images on, for example, an operating table, to guide or otherwise support the operators (for example, doctors and other personnel involved in the process, etc.).
  • the invention can be used so that the electronic control system includes a program that, step by step, for example, in a synchronized manner with a team of operators who are performing a surgical intervention, modifies The lighting (wide, reduce or move the illuminated area, and / or modify the lighting angles) during the intervention.
  • the system includes the projector 7, it can also be projected, in a coordinated manner with the work of the equipment, data and / or images (for example, data indicative of physiological parameters of an object that is being operated on an operating table ) on the operating table or on a screen or similar next to the table.
  • the system can be configured and programmed to change the lighting (the illuminated area and / or the angle of incidence of the light) and / or projection step by step, according to a sequence that can be marked by an operator on a keyboard of the system or similar, or by voice commands (for example, commands pronounced by a person participating in the intervention) that the system can capture and recognize by means of a microphone and voice recognition means.
  • voice commands for example, commands pronounced by a person participating in the intervention
  • Figure 1 it can be seen how the electronic control system has a first link 2a to control the lighting status of each light emitting element 1, a second link 2b to control the operation of the servomotors 4, and a third link 2c to control the projection of images or data through the projector 7.
  • Figure 2 illustrates schematically how an array of light emitting elements 1 illuminate an area A on an operating table 6.
  • Each row 11 of elements is mounted on an axis 3 that is rotated by a motor 4 (see figure 1) under the control of the electronic control system.
  • the illuminated area can be moved to the zone B or to the zone C, as schematically illustrated with lines to strokes in Figure 2.
  • Another way to change the position of the illuminated area may be by turning off some elements and turning on light emitting elements of other rows. The choice may depend, for example, on the angle of illumination that is desired for a given phase of a surgical intervention.
  • Figures 3A and 3B illustrate schematically how the area illuminated on an operating bed 6 can be transverse (ie, parallel to the extension of rows 11, in this case, transverse of the bed); for this, the lighting status of the light emitting elements of two rows 11 of light emitting elements is modified.
  • the elements 1 that emitted light in Figure 3A have been turned off, and other elements have been turned on in the same rows. In this way, it has been possible to move the illuminated area in parallel with the direction in which the rows 11 extend.
  • Figures 4A and 4B schematically illustrate how the illuminated area can be modified; in Figure 4B a series of additional elements have been ignited to those that were lit in Figure 4A, whereby the illuminated area has been increased.
  • Figures 5A and 5B schematically illustrate how a longitudinal displacement can be achieved (that is, in parallel with the direction of the matrix columns and perpendicular to the direction in which the rows extend) of the illuminated area in Ia bed 6.
  • Figures 6A and 6B schematically illustrate how the system can serve to simultaneously illuminate two independent illuminated areas, and modify the lighting in correspondence with each of said zones (moving them or, as illustrated in Figures 6A and
  • the electronic control system can have a series of sequences of changes in lighting preprogrammed, adapted for one or more types of interventions and which can then be executed, for example, step by step (by example, according to a rhythm set by one of the operators, manually or by voice), during the intervention.
  • the system includes the image and / or data projector, the invention can be extremely useful in the field of surgical interventions, in support of the operators.
  • the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments that have been described but also covers, for example, the variants that can be made by the average expert in the field (for example, in terms of the choice of materials, dimensions , components, configuration, etc.), within what follows from the claims.

Abstract

The invention relates to a lighting system comprising a plurality of light-emitting elements (1) which are disposed in an array that is formed by a plurality of rows (11) and columns (12) of said elements (1). The elements (1) are configured such that the light emitted by each of the elements (1) can be individually controlled using an electronic control system (2). According to the invention, a plurality of elements (1) are grouped into groups which each contain a plurality of said elements (1) and each of the groups is associated with orientation means which are configured to orient the light emitted by the elements (1) in the group in the desired direction under the control of the electronic control system (2). The invention also relates to an installation for a surgical procedure and to a method of lighting an operating table in an operating room.

Description

SISTEMA DE ILUMINACIÓN. INSTALACIÓN PARA UNA INTERVENCIÓNLIGHTING SYSTEM. INSTALLATION FOR AN INTERVENTION
QUIRÚRGICA, Y MÉTODO DE ILUMINACIÓN DE UNA MESA DESURGICAL, AND LIGHTING METHOD OF A TABLE
OPERACIONES EN UN QUIRÓFANOOPERATIONS IN A SURGERY
CAMPO TÉCNICO DE LA INVENCIÓNTECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La invención se engloba en el campo de los sistemas de iluminación orientable, útiles en, por ejemplo, quirófanos, donde pueden servir para iluminar una mesa de operaciones o similar desde diferentes ángulos.The invention is included in the field of adjustable lighting systems, useful in, for example, operating rooms, where they can be used to illuminate an operating table or the like from different angles.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Para conseguir Ia iluminación intensiva de una reducida área de trabajo, por ejemplo, de una zona de una mesa de operaciones en Ia que se realiza una intervención quirúrgica, se han desarrollado múltiples tipos de lámparas dotadas de reflectores, para concentrar Ia radiación luminosa sobre el área de trabajo. Estas lámparas pueden estar constituidas por un solo emisor luminoso montado sobre un brazo articulado, o por una pluralidad de emisores luminosos montados sobre brazos articulados independientes, o por una pluralidad de emisores luminosos montados sobre una unidad de soporte articulada, de manera que un usuario puede dirigir el flujo luminoso hacia el área de trabajo mediante una manipulación manual de los dispositivos.To achieve the intensive lighting of a reduced work area, for example, of an area of an operating table in which a surgical intervention is performed, multiple types of lamps equipped with reflectors have been developed, to concentrate the light radiation on the work area. These lamps can consist of a single light emitter mounted on an articulated arm, or a plurality of light emitters mounted on independent articulated arms, or a plurality of light emitters mounted on an articulated support unit, so that a user can direct the luminous flux to the work area by manual manipulation of the devices.
Estos sistemas de iluminación son utilizados en los quirófanos para Ia iluminación de Ia mesa de operaciones, por los dentistas para Ia correcta iluminación bucal, por veterinarios, o para Ia realización de trabajos en mecánica de precisión. En este tipo de sistemas de iluminación, el elemento o elementos luminiscentes suelen ser lámparas de incandescencia de alto rendimiento, de filamento de wolframio.These lighting systems are used in operating rooms for the illumination of the operating table, by dentists for the correct oral lighting, by veterinarians, or for performing precision mechanical work. In this type of lighting system, the luminescent element or elements are usually high-performance incandescent lamps, made of tungsten filament.
Ahora bien, Ia necesidad de manipular manualmente los dispositivos puede representar un problema en muchas aplicaciones, por Io que se ha considerado que existe una necesidad de proporcionar un sistema que permita modificar Ia iluminación sin necesidad de manipular manualmente las fuentes de luz.However, the need to manually manipulate the devices can represent a problem in many applications, so it has been considered that there is a need to provide a system that allow the lighting to be modified without manually manipulating the light sources.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN Un primer aspecto de Ia invención se refiere a un sistema de iluminación controlable electrónicamente, que comprende: una pluralidad de elementos emisores de luz dispuestos de manera que forman una matriz de elementos emisores de luz. La matriz comprende una pluralidad de filas de dichos elementos y una pluralidad de columnas de dichos elementos. Los elementos están configurados para permitir el control individual de Ia emisión de luz desde cada uno de los elementos, con un sistema electrónico de control (que puede formar parte del sistema de Ia invención o que puede ser independiente del sistema de Ia invención, por ejemplo, en forma de un módulo independiente que se puede acoplar a Ia matriz de elementos cuando se quiere hacer funcionar Ia invención).DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A first aspect of the invention relates to an electronically controllable lighting system, comprising: a plurality of light emitting elements arranged so that they form a matrix of light emitting elements. The matrix comprises a plurality of rows of said elements and a plurality of columns of said elements. The elements are configured to allow individual control of the light emission from each of the elements, with an electronic control system (which can be part of the system of the invention or that can be independent of the system of the invention, for example , in the form of an independent module that can be coupled to the array of elements when the invention is to be operated).
De acuerdo con Ia invención, una pluralidad de los elementos están agrupados en grupos. Cada grupo comprende una pluralidad de dichos elementos. Cada uno de los grupos está asociado a medios de orientación configurados para orientar Ia luz emitida por los elementos del grupo en una dirección deseada, bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control.According to the invention, a plurality of the elements are grouped into groups. Each group comprises a plurality of said elements. Each of the groups is associated with orientation means configured to orient the light emitted by the elements of the group in a desired direction, under the control of the electronic control system.
De esta manera, modificando Ia intensidad de Ia luz emitida desde cada elemento (por ejemplo, encendiendo y apagando selectivamente los diferentes elementos emisores de luz), y modificando Ia orientación de Ia luz emitida por cada grupo de elementos, se puede establecer, modificar y desplazar una zona iluminada en diferentes direcciones a Io largo de una superficie, por ejemplo, una mesa de operaciones, todo bajo el control de un sistema electrónico de control. El concepto basado en una pluralidad de elementos que pueden emitir luz bajo el control individualizado de un sistema electrónico de control (de manera que cada elemento puede ser encendido o apagado de acuerdo con las características de Ia iluminación que se desea obtener en cada momento, y con Ia posibilidad opcional de establecer la intensidad de Ia luz emitida en un nivel seleccionado de entre una pluralidad de niveles), a Ia vez que grupos de elementos pueden pivotar o reorientarse para controlar Ia orientación o dirección de Ia luz emitida por cada grupo (también bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control), permite una ¡mplementación fácil del sistema, especialmente útil en aplicaciones como Ia de Ia iluminación de una mesa de operaciones. Además, el uso de una pluralidad de grupos de elementos donde cada grupo puede emitir luz en diferentes ángulos con respecto a Ia zona a iluminar, permite no sólo elegir Ia zona a iluminar sino también el ángulo de Ia iluminación, algo importante para evitar o reducir sombras en Ia zona iluminada en relación con, por ejemplo, una intervención quirúrgica.In this way, by modifying the intensity of the light emitted from each element (for example, selectively turning on and off the different light emitting elements), and modifying the orientation of the light emitted by each group of elements, it can be established, modified and move an illuminated area in different directions along a surface, for example, an operating table, all under the control of an electronic control system. The concept based on a plurality of elements that can emit light under the individualized control of an electronic control system (so that each element can be turned on or off according to the characteristics of the lighting that is desired to be obtained at each moment, and with the optional possibility of establish the intensity of the light emitted at a level selected from a plurality of levels), while groups of elements can pivot or reorient to control the orientation or direction of the light emitted by each group (also under the control of the system electronic control), allows an easy implementation of the system, especially useful in applications such as the lighting of an operating table. In addition, the use of a plurality of groups of elements where each group can emit light at different angles with respect to the area to be illuminated, allows not only to choose the area to be illuminated but also the angle of the illumination, something important to avoid or reduce shadows in the illuminated area in relation to, for example, a surgical intervention.
Cada grupo puede comprender una fila de elementos, de manera que Ia orientación de Ia luz emitida por cada fila puede ser controlada desde el sistema electrónico de control. De esta manera, modificando Ia orientación, una zona iluminada se puede desplazar a Io largo de una mesa de operaciones (que puede estar situada de manera que las columnas de los elementos se extienden en Ia dirección longitudinal de Ia mesa de operaciones, por ejemplo).Each group can comprise a row of elements, so that the orientation of the light emitted by each row can be controlled from the electronic control system. Thus, by modifying the orientation, an illuminated area can be moved along an operating table (which can be located so that the columns of the elements extend in the longitudinal direction of the operating table, for example) .
Los medios de orientación pueden estar configurados de manera que los elementos de cada grupo están dispuestos de forma pivotable con respecto a un eje, de manera que los elementos del grupo pueden pivotar conjuntamente con respecto a dicho eje, bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control, de manera que el sistema electrónico de control pueda controlar Ia dirección de Ia luz emitida por los elementos del grupo. Esta manera de ¡mplementar los medios de orientación permite obtener una estructura sencilla del sistema. Por ejemplo, los medios de orientación pueden comprender, para cada grupo, un motor (por ejemplo, un servomotor) asociado al grupo y operado por el sistema electrónico de control para hacer pivotar los elementos del grupo con respecto al eje, bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control. Por ejemplo, cada motor puede estar acoplado a un eje sobre el que están montados los elementos del grupo correspondiente, de manera que el motor pueda hacer girar dicho eje bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control, modificando así Ia dirección u orientación de Ia luz emitida por los elementos. Esta estructura sencilla permite minimizar los costes y aumentar Ia fiabilidad del sistema. Además, se obtiene un sistema modular, algo que facilita el reemplazo de eventuales elementos defectuosos y que resulta ventajoso desde un punto de vista logístico.The orientation means may be configured so that the elements of each group are pivotally arranged with respect to an axis, so that the elements of the group can pivot together with respect to said axis, under the control of the electronic control system , so that the electronic control system can control the direction of the light emitted by the elements of the group. This way of complementing the orientation means allows to obtain a simple structure of the system. For example, the orientation means may comprise, for each group, a motor (for example, a servomotor) associated with the group and operated by the electronic control system to swing the elements of the group with respect to the axis, under the control of the electronic control system For example, each motor can be coupled to an axis on which the elements of the corresponding group, so that the motor can rotate said axis under the control of the electronic control system, thus modifying the direction or orientation of the light emitted by the elements. This simple structure allows to minimize costs and increase the reliability of the system. In addition, a modular system is obtained, something that facilitates the replacement of possible defective elements and which is advantageous from a logistic point of view.
El sistema electrónico de control puede estar configurado para determinar una posición y/o extensión de una zona iluminada en una primera dirección paralela a las filas de elementos mediante un encendido y apagado selectivo de los elementos en las filas, y para determinar una posición y/o extensión de Ia zona iluminada en una dirección perpendicular a dichas filas (por ejemplo, paralela a las columnas de Ia matriz) mediante los medios de orientación (y, opcionalmente, también modificando Ia distribución de los elementos encendidos y apagados, respectivamente, entre diferentes filas de elementos).The electronic control system may be configured to determine a position and / or extension of an illuminated area in a first direction parallel to the rows of elements by selective switching on and off of the elements in the rows, and to determine a position and / or extension of the illuminated area in a direction perpendicular to said rows (for example, parallel to the columns of the matrix) by means of orientation (and, optionally, also modifying the distribution of the elements on and off, respectively, between different rows of elements).
De esta manera, el control de Ia zona iluminada se puede implementar de forma muy sencilla. Por ejemplo, su extensión y desplazamiento "transversal" se puede realizar encendiendo y apagando selectivamente, con respecto a una o varias filas, los elementos de emisión correspondientes a determinadas columnas, mientras que el desplazamiento en el sentido "longitudinal" se puede hacer utilizando los medios de orientación, por ejemplo, girando los elementos emisores de luz de determinadas filas, sobre sus ejes. La selección de unos grupos de elementos u otros (por ejemplo, de una fila o de otra) para ¡luminar una zona puede hacerse de manera que Ia luz venga desde una dirección o en un ángulo que reduzca al mínimo las sombras, por ejemplo, en una zona de trabajo.In this way, the control of the illuminated area can be implemented very easily. For example, its "transverse" extension and displacement can be carried out by selectively turning on and off, with respect to one or several rows, the emission elements corresponding to certain columns, while the displacement in the "longitudinal" direction can be done using the orientation means, for example, by rotating the light emitting elements of certain rows, on their axes. The selection of some groups of elements or others (for example, from one row or another) to illuminate an area can be done so that the light comes from one direction or at an angle that minimizes the shadows, for example, In a work zone.
El sistema electrónico de control puede estar configurado para controlar individualmente Ia emisión de luz desde cada uno de los elementos emisores de luz de manera que el sistema electrónico de control sitúa selectivamente cada elemento en un estado de emisión de luz o en un estado de no emisión de luz.The electronic control system can be configured to individually control the emission of light from each of the light emitting elements so that the electronic control system locates selectively each element in a state of light emission or in a state of non-light emission.
Alternativamente, el sistema electrónico de control puede estar configurado para controlar individualmente el nivel de intensidad de Ia luz emitida desde cada uno de dichos elementos, de manera que el sistema electrónico de control sitúa selectivamente, para cada elemento, dicho nivel de intensidad en un valor seleccionado entre una pluralidad de valores entre un valor máximo y un valor mínimo, correspondiendo el valor mínimo a un estado de no emisión de luz desde el elemento. El sistema electrónico de control puede estar configurado de manera que permite una iluminación simultánea de una pluralidad de zonas iluminadas, que pueden estar separadas por zonas no iluminadas. Es decir, en lugar de manejar un sólo foco de luz (creado por uno o más elementos emisores de luz correspondientes a uno o más grupos de elementos), el sistema puede manejar simultáneamente diferentes focos de luz, que se pueden solapar o no, y que pueden desplazarse sobre el área de trabajo (por ejemplo, una mesa de operaciones) de forma independiente. Esto aumenta aún más las posibilidades de facilitar una iluminación adaptada de forma óptima a una serie de tareas a realizar, por ejemplo, en relación con una intervención quirúrgica.Alternatively, the electronic control system may be configured to individually control the intensity level of the light emitted from each of said elements, so that the electronic control system selectively places, for each element, said intensity level at a value selected from a plurality of values between a maximum value and a minimum value, the minimum value corresponding to a state of no light emission from the element. The electronic control system may be configured so as to allow simultaneous illumination of a plurality of illuminated areas, which may be separated by unlit areas. That is, instead of handling a single light bulb (created by one or more light emitting elements corresponding to one or more groups of elements), the system can simultaneously handle different light bulbs, which can overlap or not, and that can move over the work area (for example, an operating table) independently. This further increases the possibilities of facilitating optimally adapted lighting for a series of tasks to be performed, for example, in relation to a surgical intervention.
Cada elemento puede comprender al menos una unidad luminiscente de estado sólido, por ejemplo, al menos un diodo emisor de luz (LED: Light Emitting Diode). Los LEDs son elementos sencillos y fiables y hoy en día es factible establecer matrices de LEDs a un coste razonable. El número de filas y de columnas se establece en función de, por ejemplo, el grado de "resolución" con Ia que se desea definir y desplazar Ia zona iluminada, en función de aspectos de coste, etc. Por ejemplo, se pueden obtener resultados buenos con un sistema con 10 columnas y 16 filas, pero el sistema es fácilmente escalable. El sistema electrónico de control puede comprender un ordenador u otro dispositivo programable. La elaboración del software concreto para controlar el estado de una pluralidad de LEDs de una matriz de LEDs desde un ordenador, y para controlar una pluralidad de motores desde el ordenador para orientar cada grupo de LEDs de manera que emita luz en una dirección deseada, es una tarea convencional que puede ser realizada de forma fácil por cualquier experto medio en Ia materia, de manera adaptada a los componentes concretos que se usen en cada caso. Por Io tanto, no es necesario describir este aspecto más detalladamente.Each element may comprise at least one solid-state luminescent unit, for example, at least one light emitting diode (LED: Light Emitting Diode). LEDs are simple and reliable elements and today it is feasible to establish LED arrays at a reasonable cost. The number of rows and columns is established based on, for example, the degree of "resolution" with which one wishes to define and move the illuminated area, depending on cost aspects, etc. For example, good results can be obtained with a system with 10 columns and 16 rows, but the system is easily scalable. The electronic control system may comprise a computer or other programmable device. The development of concrete software for controlling the status of a plurality of LEDs of an array of LEDs from a computer, and to control a plurality of motors from the computer to orient each group of LEDs so that it emits light in a desired direction, is a conventional task that can be made easily by any expert in the field, adapted to the specific components used in each case. Therefore, it is not necessary to describe this aspect in more detail.
El sistema puede adicionaimente comprender un sistema de proyección para proyectar datos y/o imágenes. Este sistema de proyección puede comprender un proyector situado en correspondencia con Ia matriz de elementos emisores de luz, y estar controlado desde el sistema electrónico de control, de manera que el sistema de iluminación y el sistema de proyección de datos y/o imágenes puedan quedar perfectamente integrados. Es decir, el sistema puede estar configurado para Ia proyección de datos y/o imágenes a través del proyector bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control. La proyección de imágenes y datos puede servir como apoyo al personal durante, por ejemplo, una intervención quirúrgica.The system may additionally comprise a projection system to project data and / or images. This projection system can comprise a projector located in correspondence with the matrix of light emitting elements, and be controlled from the electronic control system, so that the lighting system and the data and / or image projection system can remain perfectly integrated. That is, the system can be configured for the projection of data and / or images through the projector under the control of the electronic control system. The projection of images and data can serve as support to staff during, for example, a surgical intervention.
Otro aspecto de Ia invención se refiere a una instalación para una intervención quirúrgica, que comprende una mesa de operaciones y un sistema de acuerdo Io que se ha descrito más arriba, con los elementos emisores de luz situados para iluminar Ia mesa de operaciones bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control. Por ejemplo, Ia matriz puede estar alineada con Ia mesa de manera que las columnas se extienden en paralelo con Ia extensión longitudinal de Ia mesa, en cuyo caso el desplazamiento longitudinal de Ia zona iluminado a Io largo de Ia mesa se puede realizar modificando Ia orientación de Ia luz emitida por los grupos de emisores que están emitiendo luz, mientras que el desplazamiento en dirección transversal se consigue encendiendo determinados elementos y apagando otros elementos de determinadas filas o grupos de elementos. Evidentemente, también es posible realizar un traslado de Ia zona iluminada en paralelo con las columnas en base a encender y apagar determinados grupos (por ejemplo, filas) de elementos. Las filas o grupos de elementos que contendrán elementos encendidos se pueden elegir de manera que se obtenga un mínimo de sombras molestas en Ia zona de trabajo, es decir, se puede realizar en función de cuál es Ia posición del personal que interviene en el trabajo y se puede modificar en función del movimiento del personal.Another aspect of the invention relates to an installation for a surgical intervention, which comprises an operating table and a system according to what has been described above, with the light emitting elements located to illuminate the operating table under control. of the electronic control system. For example, the matrix can be aligned with the table so that the columns extend in parallel with the longitudinal extension of the table, in which case the longitudinal displacement of the illuminated area along the table can be made by modifying the orientation of the light emitted by the groups of emitters that are emitting light, while the displacement in the transverse direction is achieved by turning on certain elements and turning off other elements of certain rows or groups of elements. Obviously, it is also possible to transfer the illuminated area in parallel with the columns based on turning on and off certain groups (for example, rows) of elements. The rows or groups of elements that will contain lighted elements can be chosen so that a minimum of annoying shadows are obtained in the work area, that is, it can be performed depending on the position of the personnel involved in the work and It can be modified based on staff movement.
Otro aspecto de Ia invención se refiere a un método de iluminación de una mesa de operaciones en un quirófano, que comprende el paso de establecer, con un sistema de iluminación de acuerdo con Io que se ha descrito más arriba, una zona iluminada sobre Ia mesa de operaciones.Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of lighting an operating table in an operating room, comprising the step of establishing, with a lighting system in accordance with what has been described above, an illuminated area on the table of operations.
El método puede adicionalmente comprender los pasos de modificar Ia posición y/o extensión de dicha zona iluminada en una primera dirección mediante el encendido y apagado selectivo de elementos emisores de luz de dicho sistema de iluminación, y modificar Ia posición y/o extensión de dicha zona iluminada en una segunda dirección, perpendicular a dicha primera dirección, modificando Ia orientación de Ia luz emitida desde al menos uno de los grupos de elementos.The method can additionally comprise the steps of modifying the position and / or extension of said illuminated area in a first direction by means of the selective on and off of light emitting elements of said lighting system, and modifying the position and / or extension of said area illuminated in a second direction, perpendicular to said first direction, modifying the orientation of the light emitted from at least one of the groups of elements.
El método puede adicionalmente comprender el paso de proyectar datos y/o imágenes sobre Ia mesa de operaciones, algo que puede servir como apoyo al personal que interviene en una operación quirúrgica.The method can additionally comprise the step of projecting data and / or images on the operating table, something that can serve as support to the personnel involved in a surgical operation.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURASDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Para complementar Ia descripción y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de Ia invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de Ia misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de figuras en el que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado Io siguiente:To complement the description and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation of the same, a set of figures in which with Illustrative and non-limiting, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una vista esquemática de un sistema de iluminación de acuerdo con una realización preferida de Ia invención. La figura 2.- Muestra una vista esquemática en perspectiva de un sistema de iluminación de acuerdo con esa realización de Ia invención, montado sobre una mesa de operaciones de un quirófano.Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a lighting system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Figure 2.- Shows a schematic perspective view of a lighting system according to that embodiment of the invention, mounted on an operating table of an operating room.
Las figuras 3A y 3B.- Muestran, de forma esquemática, una posible forma de desplazar transversalmente Ia zona iluminada.Figures 3A and 3B.- Show, schematically, a possible way to cross the illuminated area transversely.
Las figuras 4A y 4B.- Muestran, de forma esquemática, una posible forma de aumentar una zona iluminada.Figures 4A and 4B.- They show, schematically, a possible way to increase a lighted area.
Las figuras 5A y 5B.- Muestran, de forma esquemática, una posible forma de desplazar longitudinalmente una zona iluminada. Las figuras 6A y 6B.- Muestran, de forma esquemática, una realización de Ia invención que permite Ia iluminación simultánea de una pluralidad de zonas iluminadas.Figures 5A and 5B.- They show, schematically, a possible way to move a lighted area longitudinally. Figures 6A and 6B.- Show, schematically, an embodiment of the invention that allows simultaneous illumination of a plurality of illuminated areas.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN La figura 1 ilustra esquemáticamente un sistema de acuerdo con una realización preferida de Ia invención, basado en un matriz de elementos 1 emisores de luz dispuestos en filas 11 y columnas 12, dentro de una carcasa protectora 5 con una parte frontal transparente. Cada elemento emisor de luz comprende un LED (o varios LEDs). En cada fila 11 , los elementos 1 emisores de luz están montados sobre un eje (no ilustrado en Ia figura 1) común que se gira con un servomotor 4 correspondiente, que opera bajo el control de un sistema electrónico de control 2, que comprende un ordenador y los circuitos convencionales asociados necesarios para hacer operar los servomotores 4 (este sistema electrónico de control puede formar parte del sistema de Ia invención, o ser una parte independiente de Ia misma). De esta manera, el ángulo de emisión de luz desde cada fila de elementos se puede establecer y modificar de forma individual para cada fila de LEDs, bajo el control del ordenador.PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Figure 1 schematically illustrates a system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, based on a matrix of light emitting elements 1 arranged in rows 11 and columns 12, within a protective housing 5 with a front part transparent. Each light emitting element comprises an LED (or several LEDs). In each row 11, the light emitting elements 1 are mounted on a common axis (not illustrated in Figure 1) which is rotated with a corresponding servo motor 4, which operates under the control of an electronic control system 2, which comprises a computer and the associated conventional circuits necessary to operate the servomotors 4 (this electronic control system may be part of the system of the invention, or be an independent part thereof). In this way, the angle of light emission from each row of elements can be set and modified individually for each row of LEDs, under the control of the computer.
Además, el sistema electrónico de control 2 está configurado para establecer, en cada momento, el nivel de Ia iluminación desde cada LED o elemento 1 de emisión de luz, por ejemplo, entre un estado de encendido ("ON") y apagado ("OFF") o entre una pluralidad de diferentes niveles de iluminación, entre los extremos "ON" y "OFF". Es decir, el sistema electrónico de control controla tanto el ángulo de iluminación desde cada fila de elementos 1 emisores de luz, como el estado de cada elemento individual. Evidentemente, de esta manera se puede variar tanto Ia intensidad de Ia iluminación, como Ia zona iluminada, como el ángulo de incidencia de Ia luz sobre Ia superficie a iluminar, en función de, por ejemplo, las necesidades de evitar sombras molestas en Ia zona de trabajo. La figura 1 ilustra esquemáticamente como Ia zona iluminada A puede ser trasladado en diferentes direcciones.In addition, the electronic control system 2 is configured to establish, at all times, the level of the lighting from each LED or light emitting element 1, for example, between a state of ignition ("ON") and off ("OFF") or between a plurality of different lighting levels, between the "ON" and "OFF" ends. That is, the electronic control system controls both the lighting angle from each row of light emitting elements 1, and the status of each individual element. Obviously, in this way the intensity of the lighting can be varied, as well as the illuminated area, as the angle of incidence of the light on the surface to be illuminated, depending on, for example, the need to avoid annoying shadows in the area of work. Figure 1 schematically illustrates how the illuminated area A can be moved in different directions.
La figura 1 también ilustra como, en correspondencia con Ia matriz de elementos 1 emisores de luz, el sistema incluye un proyector video de imágenes y/o datos, que puede estar controlado por el sistema electrónico de control 2 y servir para proyectar datos y/o imágenes sobre, por ejemplo, una mesa de operaciones, para guiar o apoyar de otra manera a los operarios (por ejemplo, médicos y otro personal que interviene en el proceso, etc.).Figure 1 also illustrates how, in correspondence with the array of light emitting elements 1, the system includes a video projector of images and / or data, which can be controlled by the electronic control system 2 and serve to project data and / or images on, for example, an operating table, to guide or otherwise support the operators (for example, doctors and other personnel involved in the process, etc.).
De esta forma, a modo de ejemplo, se puede utilizar Ia invención de manera que el sistema electrónico de control incluye un programa que, paso por paso, por ejemplo, de manera sincronizada con un equipo de operarios que están realizando una intervención quirúrgica, modifica Ia iluminación (amplia, reduce o traslada la zona iluminada, y/o modifica los ángulos de iluminación) durante Ia intervención. Además, si el sistema incluye el proyector 7, se puede también proyectar, de forma coordinada con el trabajo del equipo, datos y/o imágenes (por ejemplo, datos indicativos de parámetros fisiológicos de un objeto que está siendo intervenido en una mesa de operaciones) sobre Ia mesa de operaciones o en una pantalla o similar próxima a Ia mesa. El sistema puede estar configurado y programado para cambiar Ia iluminación (Ia zona iluminada y/o al ángulo de incidencia de Ia luz) y/o proyección paso a paso, de acuerdo con una secuencia que puede ser marcada por un operador sobre un teclado del sistema o similar, o mediante comandos por voz (por ejemplo, comandos pronunciados por una persona que participa en Ia intervención) que el sistema puede captar y reconocer mediante un micrófono y medios de reconocimiento de voz. Existen muchas aplicaciones de reconocimiento de voz comercialmente disponibles y que el experto medio en Ia materia puede utilizar para implementar esta funcionalidad, una tarea fácilmente realizable.Thus, by way of example, the invention can be used so that the electronic control system includes a program that, step by step, for example, in a synchronized manner with a team of operators who are performing a surgical intervention, modifies The lighting (wide, reduce or move the illuminated area, and / or modify the lighting angles) during the intervention. In addition, if the system includes the projector 7, it can also be projected, in a coordinated manner with the work of the equipment, data and / or images (for example, data indicative of physiological parameters of an object that is being operated on an operating table ) on the operating table or on a screen or similar next to the table. The system can be configured and programmed to change the lighting (the illuminated area and / or the angle of incidence of the light) and / or projection step by step, according to a sequence that can be marked by an operator on a keyboard of the system or similar, or by voice commands (for example, commands pronounced by a person participating in the intervention) that the system can capture and recognize by means of a microphone and voice recognition means. There are many commercially available voice recognition applications and that the average expert in the field can use to implement this functionality, an easily achievable task.
En Ia figura 1 se puede observar como el sistema electrónico de control dispone de un primer enlace 2a para controlar el estado de iluminación de cada elemento 1 emisor de luz, un segundo enlace 2b para controlar Ia operación de los servomotores 4, y un tercer enlace 2c para controlar Ia proyección de imágenes o datos a través del proyector 7.In Figure 1 it can be seen how the electronic control system has a first link 2a to control the lighting status of each light emitting element 1, a second link 2b to control the operation of the servomotors 4, and a third link 2c to control the projection of images or data through the projector 7.
La figura 2 ¡lustra esquemáticamente como una matriz de elementos 1 emisores de luz iluminan una zona A en una mesa de operaciones 6. Cada fila 11 de elementos está montada sobre un eje 3 que se hace girar mediante un motor 4 (ver figura 1) bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control. De esta manera, girando o pivotando los elementos de dos de las filas 11 alrededor de sus ejes de giro o pivotamiento, se puede desplazar Ia zona iluminada hasta Ia zona B o hasta Ia zona C, tal y como se ha ilustrado esquemáticamente con líneas a trazos en Ia figura 2. Otra manera de cambiar Ia posición de Ia zona iluminada puede ser apagando algunos elementos y encendiendo elementos emisores de luz de otras filas. La elección puede depender, por ejemplo, del ángulo de iluminación que se desea para una determinada fase de una intervención quirúrgica.Figure 2 illustrates schematically how an array of light emitting elements 1 illuminate an area A on an operating table 6. Each row 11 of elements is mounted on an axis 3 that is rotated by a motor 4 (see figure 1) under the control of the electronic control system. In this way, by rotating or pivoting the elements of two of the rows 11 around their axis of rotation or pivoting, the illuminated area can be moved to the zone B or to the zone C, as schematically illustrated with lines to strokes in Figure 2. Another way to change the position of the illuminated area may be by turning off some elements and turning on light emitting elements of other rows. The choice may depend, for example, on the angle of illumination that is desired for a given phase of a surgical intervention.
Las figuras 3A y 3B ¡lustran esquemáticamente cómo Ia zona iluminada sobre una cama de operaciones 6 se puede trasladar en sentido transversal (es decir, en paralelo a Ia extensión de las filas 11 , en este caso, en sentido transversal de Ia cama); para ello, se modifica el estado de iluminación de los elementos emisores de luz de dos filas 11 de elementos emisores de luz. En Ia figura 3B, se han apagado los elementos 1 que emitían luz en Ia figura 3A, y se han encendido otros elementos en las mismas filas. De esta forma, se ha conseguido desplazar Ia zona iluminada en paralelo con Ia dirección en Ia que se extienden las filas 11.Figures 3A and 3B illustrate schematically how the area illuminated on an operating bed 6 can be transverse (ie, parallel to the extension of rows 11, in this case, transverse of the bed); for this, the lighting status of the light emitting elements of two rows 11 of light emitting elements is modified. In Figure 3B, the elements 1 that emitted light in Figure 3A have been turned off, and other elements have been turned on in the same rows. In this way, it has been possible to move the illuminated area in parallel with the direction in which the rows 11 extend.
Las figuras 4A y 4B ilustran esquemáticamente cómo se puede modificar el área iluminada; en Ia figura 4B se han encendido una serie de elementos adicionales a los que estaban encendidos en Ia figura 4A, con Io que se ha conseguido aumentar el área iluminada.Figures 4A and 4B schematically illustrate how the illuminated area can be modified; in Figure 4B a series of additional elements have been ignited to those that were lit in Figure 4A, whereby the illuminated area has been increased.
Las figuras 5A y 5B ilustran esquemáticamente cómo se puede conseguir un desplazamiento en sentido longitudinal (es decir, en paralelo con Ia dirección de las columnas de la matriz y perpendicularmente a Ia dirección en Ia que se extienden las filas) de Ia zona iluminada en Ia cama 6.Figures 5A and 5B schematically illustrate how a longitudinal displacement can be achieved (that is, in parallel with the direction of the matrix columns and perpendicular to the direction in which the rows extend) of the illuminated area in Ia bed 6.
Concretamente, girando los ejes 3 de las dos filas de elementos que tienen elementos en estado encendido (es decir, emitiendo luz) en Ia figura 5A, se consigue un cambio del ángulo de iluminación y un desplazamiento en sentido longitudinal de Ia zona iluminada. Obviamente, también es posible modificar Ia posición de Ia zona iluminada en sentido longitudinal apagando los elementos de algunas filas y encendiendo los elementos correspondientes de otras filas. En cada momento se puede realizar el desplazamiento de Ia zona iluminada en sentido longitudinal de una forma o de otra, en función de cuáles son, por ejemplo, los ángulos de eliminación que se consideran adecuados para reducir a un mínimo las sombras molestas, reflejos, etc.Specifically, by rotating the axes 3 of the two rows of elements that have elements in the on state (that is, emitting light) in Figure 5A, a change in the lighting angle and a longitudinal movement of the illuminated area is achieved. Obviously, it is also possible to modify the position of the illuminated area longitudinally by turning off the elements of some rows and lighting the corresponding elements of other rows. In each moment, the illuminated area can be displaced longitudinally in one way or another, depending on which are, for example, the elimination angles that are considered adequate to minimize annoying shadows, reflections, etc.
Las figuras 6A y 6B ilustran esquemáticamente cómo el sistema puede servir para iluminar simultáneamente dos zonas iluminadas independientes, y modificar Ia iluminación en correspondencia con cada una de dichas zonas (desplazándolas o, tal y como se ilustra en las figuras 6A yFigures 6A and 6B schematically illustrate how the system can serve to simultaneously illuminate two independent illuminated areas, and modify the lighting in correspondence with each of said zones (moving them or, as illustrated in Figures 6A and
6B, modificando su tamaño).6B, changing its size).
Tal y como se ha sugerido más arriba, el sistema electrónico de control puede tener preprogramadas una serie de secuencias de cambios en Ia iluminación, adaptadas para una o más tipos de intervenciones y que luego pueden ser ejecutadas, por ejemplo, paso por paso (por ejemplo, de acuerdo con un ritmo marcado por uno de los operarios, de forma manual o por voz), durante Ia intervención. Si el sistema incluye el proyector de imágenes y/o datos, Ia invención puede resultar extremadamente útil en el campo de las intervenciones quirúrgicas, como apoyo a los operarios.As suggested above, the electronic control system can have a series of sequences of changes in lighting preprogrammed, adapted for one or more types of interventions and which can then be executed, for example, step by step (by example, according to a rhythm set by one of the operators, manually or by voice), during the intervention. If the system includes the image and / or data projector, the invention can be extremely useful in the field of surgical interventions, in support of the operators.
En este texto, Ia palabra "comprende" y sus variantes (como "comprendiendo", etc.) no deben interpretarse de forma excluyente, es decir, no excluyen Ia posibilidad de que Io descrito incluya otros elementos, pasos etc.In this text, the word "comprises" and its variants (such as "understanding", etc.) should not be interpreted in an exclusive manner, that is, they do not exclude the possibility that the description includes other elements, steps, etc.
Por otra parte, Ia invención no está limitada a las realizaciones concretas que se han descrito sino abarca también, por ejemplo, las variantes que pueden ser realizadas por el experto medio en Ia materia (por ejemplo, en cuanto a Ia elección de materiales, dimensiones, componentes, configuración, etc.), dentro de Io que se desprende de las reivindicaciones. On the other hand, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments that have been described but also covers, for example, the variants that can be made by the average expert in the field (for example, in terms of the choice of materials, dimensions , components, configuration, etc.), within what follows from the claims.

Claims

REIViNDICACiONES RELATIVES
1.- Sistema de iluminación controlable electrónicamente, que comprende: una pluralidad de elementos (1) emisores de luz dispuestos de manera que forman una matriz de elementos emisores de luz que comprende una pluralidad de filas (11 ) y de columnas (12) de dichos elementos (1 ), estando los elementos (1 ) configurados para permitir el control individual de Ia emisión de luz desde cada uno de dichos elementos (1 ), con un sistema electrónico de control (2); caracterizado porque una pluralidad de los elementos (1) están agrupados en grupos, comprendiendo cada grupo una pluralidad de dichos elementos (1), estando cada uno de dichos grupos asociado a medios de orientación configurados para orientar Ia luz emitida por los elementos (1 ) del grupo en una dirección deseada, bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control (2).1. Electronically controllable lighting system, comprising: a plurality of light emitting elements (1) arranged so as to form a matrix of light emitting elements comprising a plurality of rows (11) and columns (12) of said elements (1), the elements (1) being configured to allow individual control of the light emission from each of said elements (1), with an electronic control system (2); characterized in that a plurality of the elements (1) are grouped into groups, each group comprising a plurality of said elements (1), each of said groups being associated with orientation means configured to orient the light emitted by the elements (1) of the group in a desired direction, under the control of the electronic control system (2).
2.- Sistema según Ia reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque cada grupo comprende una fila (11) de elementos.2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that each group comprises a row (11) of elements.
3.- Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, caracterizado porque los medios de orientación están configurados de manera que los elementos (1) de cada grupo están dispuestos de forma pivotable con respecto a un eje, de manera que dichos elementos del grupo pueden pivotar conjuntamente con respecto a dicho eje bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control (2), de manera que el sistema electrónico de control pueda controlar Ia dirección de Ia luz emitida por los elementos del grupo.3. System according to any of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the orientation means are configured so that the elements (1) of each group are pivotally arranged with respect to an axis, so that said elements of the group they can pivot together with respect to said axis under the control of the electronic control system (2), so that the electronic control system can control the direction of the light emitted by the elements of the group.
4.- Sistema según Ia reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque los medios de orientación comprenden, para cada grupo, un motor (4) asociado al grupo y configurado para ser operado por el sistema electrónico de control para hacer pivotar los elementos del grupo con respecto al eje, bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control.4. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the orientation means comprise, for each group, a motor (4) associated to the group and configured to be operated by the electronic control system for swing the elements of the group with respect to the axis, under the control of the electronic control system.
5.- Sistema de acuerdo con Ia reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque cada motor (4) está acoplado a un eje (3) sobre el que están montados los elementos (1) del grupo correspondiente, de manera que el motor pueda hacer girar dicho eje (3) bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control.5. System according to claim 4, characterized in that each motor (4) is coupled to an axis (3) on which the elements (1) of the corresponding group are mounted, so that the motor can rotate said axis (3) under the control of the electronic control system.
6.- Sistema de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque adicionalmente incluye el sistema electrónico de control (2).6. System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally includes the electronic control system (2).
7.- Sistema según Ia reivindicación 6, caracterizado porque el sistema electrónico de control (2) está configurado para determinar una posición y/o extensión de una zona iluminada en una primera dirección paralela a las filas7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the electronic control system (2) is configured to determine a position and / or extension of an illuminated area in a first direction parallel to the rows
(11) de elementos (1) mediante un encendido y apagado selectivo de los elementos (1), y para determinar una posición y/o extensión de Ia zona iluminada en una dirección perpendicular a dichas filas (11) mediante los medios de orientación.(11) of elements (1) by selective switching on and off of the elements (1), and to determine a position and / or extension of the illuminated area in a direction perpendicular to said rows (11) by means of orientation means.
8.- Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 y 7, caracterizado porque el sistema electrónico de control (2) está configurado para controlar individualmente Ia emisión de luz desde cada uno de dichos elementos (1) de manera que el sistema electrónico de control sitúa selectivamente cada elemento en un estado de emisión de luz o en un estado de no emisión de luz.8. System according to any of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the electronic control system (2) is configured to individually control the emission of light from each of said elements (1) so that the electronic control system locates selectively each element in a state of light emission or in a state of non-light emission.
9.- Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6-8, caracterizado porque el sistema electrónico de control (2) está configurado para controlar individualmente el nivel de intensidad de Ia luz emitida desde cada uno de dichos elementos (1 ) de manera que el sistema electrónico de control sitúa selectivamente, para cada elemento (1 ), dicho nivel de intensidad en un valor seleccionado entre una pluralidad de valores entre un valor máximo y un valor mínimo, correspondiendo el valor mínimo a un estado de no emisión de luz desde el elemento.9. System according to any of claims 6-8, characterized in that the electronic control system (2) is configured to individually control the intensity level of the light emitted from each of said elements (1) so that the system electronic control places selectively, for each element (1), said intensity level at a value selected from a plurality of values between a maximum value and a minimum value, the minimum value corresponding to a state of non-emission of light from the element.
10.- Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado. porque el sistema electrónico de control está configurado de manera que permite una iluminación simultánea de una pluralidad de zonas iluminadas separadas por zonas no iluminadas.10. System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized. because the electronic control system is configured so as to allow simultaneous illumination of a plurality of illuminated areas separated by unlit areas.
11.- Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6-10, caracterizado porque el sistema electrónico de control comprende un ordenador.11. System according to any of claims 6-10, characterized in that the electronic control system comprises a computer.
12.- Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque cada elemento comprende al menos una unidad luminiscente de estado sólido.12. System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each element comprises at least one solid state luminescent unit.
13.- Sistema según Ia reivindicación 12, caracterizado porque cada elemento comprende al menos un diodo emisor de luz (LED).13. System according to claim 12, characterized in that each element comprises at least one light emitting diode (LED).
14.- Sistema según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque además comprende un proyector (7) para proyectar datos y/o imágenes.14. System according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a projector (7) for projecting data and / or images.
15.- Sistema según Ia reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque el sistema está configurado para Ia proyección de datos y/o imágenes a través del proyector bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control.15. System according to claim 14, characterized in that the system is configured for the projection of data and / or images through the projector under the control of the electronic control system.
16.- Instalación para una intervención quirúrgica, que comprende una mesa (6) de operaciones y un sistema de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, con los elementos (1 ) situados para iluminar Ia mesa de operaciones bajo el control del sistema electrónico de control.16.- Installation for a surgical intervention, comprising an operating table (6) and a system according to any of the previous claims, with the elements (1) located to illuminate the operating table under the control of the electronic control system.
17.- Método de iluminación de una mesa de operaciones en un quirófano, que comprende los pasos de:17.- Method of lighting an operating table in an operating room, which includes the steps of:
- establecer, con un sistema de iluminación de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-15, una zona iluminada sobre Ia mesa (6) de operaciones.- establishing, with a lighting system according to any one of claims 1-15, an illuminated area on the operating table (6).
18.- Método según Ia reivindicación 17, caracterizado porque adicionalmente comprende los pasos de:18. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that it additionally comprises the steps of:
- modificar la posición y/o extensión de dicha zona iluminada en una primera dirección mediante el encendido y apagado selectivo de elementos (1 ) emisores de luz de dicho sistema de iluminación; y - modificar Ia posición y/o extensión de dicha zona iluminada en una segunda dirección, perpendicular a dicha primera dirección, modificando Ia orientación de Ia luz emitida desde al menos uno de los grupos de elementos- modify the position and / or extension of said illuminated area in a first direction by the selective on and off of light emitting elements (1) of said lighting system; and - modifying the position and / or extension of said illuminated area in a second direction, perpendicular to said first direction, modifying the orientation of the light emitted from at least one of the groups of elements
(1)-(one)-
19.- Método de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 17 y 18, que adicionalmente comprende el paso de proyectar datos y/o imágenes sobre Ia mesa de operaciones. 19. Method according to any of claims 17 and 18, which additionally comprises the step of projecting data and / or images on the operating table.
PCT/ES2006/000287 2005-09-29 2006-05-24 Lighting system, installation for a surgical procedure and method of lighting an operating table in an operating room WO2007036581A1 (en)

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