WO2007083128A1 - Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore - Google Patents
Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007083128A1 WO2007083128A1 PCT/GB2007/000160 GB2007000160W WO2007083128A1 WO 2007083128 A1 WO2007083128 A1 WO 2007083128A1 GB 2007000160 W GB2007000160 W GB 2007000160W WO 2007083128 A1 WO2007083128 A1 WO 2007083128A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ester
- well
- polyester
- treatment composition
- hydrolysis
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/72—Eroding chemicals, e.g. acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to hydrocarbon production, and more particularly to methods and compositions useful in obtaining controlled acidization in a well by placing an aqueous solution comprising one or more esters or polyesters of hydroxy acid or of glycerol in the well at locations where acidization is required.
- Natural resources such as gas, oil, and water i-esiding in a subterranean formation can be recovered by drilling wells into the formation.
- Well drilling involves drilling a wellbore in a formation while circulating a drilling fluid through the wellbore.
- drilling fluids also known as drilling muds, have been used in well drilling such as mineral oil-based fluids and synthetic oil-based fluids.
- drilling fluids typically form a thin, slick filter cake on the formation face that provides for successful drilling of the well bore and that helps prevent loss of fluid to the subterranean formation.
- drilling fluids that produce filter cakes of cellulose and starch derivatives and sized calcium carbonate are often employed.
- the first stage which is known as the primary production stage, allows the oil to flow into a production well (or wells) under natural forces.
- the natural forces may be sufficient to
- a secondary recovery operation thus is typically performed to recover additional amounts of the oil from the reservoir.
- a common secondary recovery operation known as secondary flooding involves injecting a fluid such as water into a so-called injection well (or wells) to drive oil in the formation to the production well (or wells). Secondary flooding usually recovers up to an additional 50% of the original oil in the reservoir.
- Tertiary recovery operations such as tertiary flooding may also be used to drive the remaining oil from the formation to the production well.
- the presence of the filter cake on the face of the subterranean formation may adversely affect the flow of fluid though the injection and production wells.
- the filter cake may occlude the pore structure of the formation.
- the pump pressures e.g., fracturing pressures
- the pump pressures required to inject past the filter cake may be higher than desirable for achieving good sweep efficiency of the oil.
- a procedure known as acidization has been used for filter cake removal for over a century.
- the cellulose of which the filter cake is primarily composed may be decomposed by applying acid to the filter cake.
- the first acidization procedure involved directly injecting strong mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) into the well.
- HCl hydrochloric acid
- the high reactivity of such strong acids commonly result in the rapid consumption of the acid before it can reach the desired treatment region where the filter cake was located.
- such acids are highly corrosive and thus attack the metal parts of the well structure, causing irreversible damage to the well.
- New acidization treatment solutions have been developed to overcome the problems associated with the use of mineral acids alone.
- one such treatment solution includes hydrochloric acid emulsified in crude oil such that the aqueous phase, i.e. the solution of acid in water, is surrounded by a continuous oil phase emulsifier that prevents the acid from adversely affecting the metal parts of the well structure.
- a variation on this treatment solution uses a higher concentration of emulsifier to prolong the stability of the emulsion.
- Another treatment method involves removing any water in contact with the metal parts of the well before introducing HCl gas absorbed in a mineral oil that is practically immiscible with or insoluble in water to insulate the metal of the well from being attacked by the acid.
- Yet another method utilizes both an aqueous fluid and a non-aqueous fluid capable of forming or releasing an acid upon dilution with water.
- the well may be filled with oil to protect the metal from the acid, followed by pumping the aqueous fluid down to the formation.
- the nonaqueous fluid containing the acid-forming substance may then be introduced to the well.
- Another treatment solution uses an ester, such as that derived from glycerol, as an emulsifying agent for an aqueous acid in oil. The ester undergoes hydrolysis to break the emulsion and release the acid.
- a similar solution uses an acid anhydride such as acetic anhydride in a hydrocarbon carrier fluid to release acid upon reaction with water.
- Another treatment solution comprises an anhydrous organic acid, such as formic acid, acetic acid, or propionic acid, in an anhydrous hydrocarbon.
- anhydrous organic acid such as formic acid, acetic acid, or propionic acid
- One modern acidization method involves the generation of acids in the wellbore via the action of enzymes and suitable acid precursors.
- this method is limited by the heat tolerance of the particular enzyme being used and the breakdown temperature of the acid precursor. Treatment at high temperatures results in fast acid exhaustion and enzyme deactivation which results in poor filter cake removal. The enzymes and acid precursors thus need to be stored and handled at the well site carefully to avoid being exposed to relatively high temperatures due to heat and sunlight.
- Another method relies on the triggered release of acid via the lowering of the pH of an aqueous solution comprising an ortho ester to below about 7. Unfortunately, at elevated temperatures this release may occur in a relatively short period of time.
- Yet another method growing in popularity relies on the time-dependent reaction of certain esters, such as diethyleneglycol diformate, in an aqueous solution to generate acid such as formic acid. The esters currently being used for this purpose hydrolyze at relatively slow
- An improved acidization solution may comprise an aqueous medium and one or more esters or polyesters of a hydroxy acid or of a glycerol and may be placed in a well, hi embodiments in which the solution comprises an ester or polyester of a glycerol, the solution is substantially absent of a hydrocarbon such as an oil.
- the hydrolysis of such esters or polyesters occurs at a slower reaction rate than that of other known acidization esters, such as diethyleneglycol diformate, at temperatures higher than 6O 0 C or even higher than 100 0 C.
- the improved acidization solution may be distributed substantially throughout a region in a well where acidization is required before hydrolysis is completed, despite being exposed to relatively high temperatures.
- the hydrolysis may result in the slow release of an acid that is capable of consuming undesirable substances in the well, e.g., a filter cake, without being concerned that this consumption might be localized.
- the strength of this acid may be greater than that of the acid formed by diethyleneglycol diformate, i.e., formic acid. Accordingly, the use of esters or polyesters of hydroxy acid or of glycerol for downhole acidization procedures may provide for the removal of all or most of the filter cake present in the well.
- Figure 1 depicts an ester hydrolysis apparatus used in the examples provided below.
- FIG. 2 illustrates data from the hydrolysis of various esters described herein
- Figure 3 illustrates data from the hydrolysis of various acetins in neutral water at
- Figure 4 illustrates data from the hydrolysis of butyl formate and butyl lactate in
- Figure 5 illustrates data from the hydrolysis of ethyl lactate in neutral water
- Figure 6 illustrates data from the hydrolysis of methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and
- Well treatment compositions particularly compositions for performing downhole acidization. may include water combined with (a) one or more esters or polyesters of a hydroxy acid, e.g., lactic acid, and/or (b) one or more esters or polyesters of a glycerol in the absence of a hydrocarbon such as an oil.
- esters or polyesters exhibit a relatively high solubility in the water and are capable of undergoing hydrolysis to produce an acid when
- lactate esters or polyesters release lactic acid when hydrolyzed.
- the relative amounts of the esters or polyesters and the water in the well treatment compositions may be effective to produce an effective amount of acid to remove most or all of a contaminant in the well such as a filter cake, hi various embodiments, the amount of the esters or polyesters present in the aqueous treatment composition is in the range of from about 10% to about 23% by weight or volume of the composition.
- Suitable hydroxy acid esters or polyesters for use in the well treatment compositions include lactic acid derivatives, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, propyl lactate, butyl lactate, trilactin (a trimester of lactic acid and glycerol), and combinations thereof.
- Ethyl lactate is considered a particularly good lactate ester due to its ability to hydrolyze over
- esters or polyesters of glycerol for use in the well treatment compositions include tripropionin (a triester of propionic acid and glycerol), trilactin, and esters of acetic acid and glycerol such as monoacetrin, diacetin, and triacetin.
- esters or polyesters of hydroxy acid and/or glycerol also may be employed to adjust the half-life of the hydrolysis reaction.
- the water contained in the well treatment compositions may be pure (i.e., neutral) water or salt water, hi various embodiments, the water may comprise one or more brines capable of forming well treatment compositions having pH values in the range of from about 6 to about 8.
- brines include sodium bromide (NaBr) brine, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) brine, sodium formate (NaCOOH) brine, potassium formate (KCOOH) brine, calcium bromide (CaBr 2 ) brine, potassium chloride (KCl) brine, sodium chloride (NaCl) brine, zinc chloride (ZnCl) brine, zinc bromide (ZnBr) brine, and combinations thereof.
- the choice of brine is usually determined primarily by the weight of fluid desired.
- the well treatment compositions may include one or more other types of esters for adjusting the half-life of the hydrolysis reaction.
- diethyleneglycol diformate may be employed in a treatment composition along with an ester or polyester of a hydroxy acid or of a glycerol to reduce the half-life thereof.
- the diethyleneglycol diformate therefore could be used to shorten the completion time of the well. It forms formic acid as a result of hydrolysis and is commercially available from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. under the trade name of BDF-325 diethyleneglycol diformate.
- esters with which the esters or polyesters described herein may be combined include diethyleneglycolmonoformate, monoethyleneglycoldiformate, monoethyleneglycolmonoformate, and combinations thereof.
- esters could be added in conjunction with the esters or polyesters described herein to give faster rates of reaction as necessary.
- the foregoing well treatment compositions may be prepared by mixing the one or more esters or polyesters and any other components with water on-site near the well before the acidization operation is to be performed.
- the components of the treatment compositions could be mixed off-site and transported on-site for storage until its use; however, the extra space required to accommodate the water, both during transport and during storage, makes this option less desirable.
- mixing beforehand would require the components
- Methods of acidizing a well may be performed by pumping a well treatment composition described herein down the well.
- the temperatures in the well may be sufficient to cause the hydrolysis reaction between the one or more esters or polyesters and the water to
- the temperatures may be in the range of from about 60°C to about 15O 0 C.
- the half-life of the one or more lactate esters or polyesters may be effective to allow the treatment composition to be pumped substantially throughout a region in the well where the acidization is required before the hydrolysis is completed.
- the one or more lactate ester or polyester have half-lives in a range of from about 6 hours to about 16 hours, alternatively from about 8 hours to about 13 hours, or alternatively from about 10 hours to about 11 hours, when hydrolyzed with neutral water at 100°C. Particular examples of the
- half-lives of various esters of lactic acid and of glycerol are presented in Table 1 below.
- “half-life” refers to the time it takes for half of the original amount of the ester or polyester to react.
- the half-lives of such esters at relatively high temperatures are longer than that of other known acidization esters, e.g., diethyleneglycol diformate, which produces formic acid.
- the half-life of ethyl lactate may be about 10-11 hours, whereas the half-life of diethyleneglycol diformate may be about only 18-20 minutes in neutral
- the treatment composition to be diverted throughout the entire targeted treatment region in the well before the hydrolysis reaction is completed.
- the production of acid via the hydrolysis reaction occurs during the opportune time at which the acid is in contact with undesirable substances in the well.
- the acid may consume all or most of the undesirable substances before all of the ester or polyester is consumed.
- the choice of which ester or polyester to use in the treatment composition may be based on the application temperature and desired half-life of the ester or polyester.
- the well treatment composition may be used during a well completion operation such as the removal of filter cake from the inner wall of the well.
- the relatively slow reaction rate of the one or more esters or polyesters may permit the treatment composition to be dispersed across the entire filter cake before the hydrolysis ends.
- the acid generated by the hydrolysis may decompose calcium carbonate present in the filter cake, which is a major component in the filter cake.
- the removal of the filter cake ensures that oil, gas, and/or water residing in a subterranean reservoir penetrated by the well can flow into and through the well during production. Otherwise, the filter cake might block migration pathways such as pores in the earth between the reservoir and the interior of the well, thereby preventing the oil, gas, and/or water from permeating through to the well.
- the acidization procedure described herein also may be employed to repair damage to the subterranean formation surrounding the well. This damage may be in the form of hydrocarbon wax deposits and/or inorganic salt deposits, such as calcium carbonate deposits, in the pores of a lime sand, lime stone, calcareous, or magnesium formation.
- Such inorganic salt deposits may occur as a result of subterranean water becoming saturated with alkaline earth carbonates under pressure, followed by the precipitation of the carbonates when the pressure is released after the drill-in of the well.
- the lactic acid produced by the hydrolysis of the lactate ester or polyester may attack and dissolve the wax and salt deposits, thus increasing the porosity of the formation.
- An outlet tube 22 was run from the bottom of a flask 20 to a 1,000 mL graduated cylinder 24.
- the flask 20 was charged with XP-07 base oil, commercially available from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
- the outlet tube 22 served the purpose of discharging the oil into graduated cylinder 24.
- the hydrolysis reaction produced acid in flask 10 that reacted with the CaCO 3 to produce CO 2 gas.
- the gas displaced the oil in flask 20 into graduated cylinder 24.
- the rate of CO 2 evolution thus could be monitored visually by reading of the amount of oil in graduated cylinder 24 per unit of time.
- the differences in rate are the result of a kinetic effect since triacetin has three acetate groups and monoacetin has one.
- the differences in rate may be related to hydrogen bonding.
- methods of acidizing in a well comprise placing an ester or polyester of a hydroxyl acid and water in the well, thereby allowing the ester or polyester to undergo hydrolysis
- methods of acidizing in a well comprise placing an aqueous solution comprising an ester or polyester of glycerol in a well, thereby allowing the ester or polyester to undergo hydrolysis, wherein the aqueous solution is substantially absent of a hydrocarbon
- well treatment compositions for performing acidization in a well comprise an ester or polyester of a hydroxy acid and water
- well treatment compositions for performing acidization in a well comprise an ester or polyester of a glycerol and water.
- the one or more lactate esters or polyesters and water may be added to different types of carrier fluids commonly used in the well.
- suitable carrier fluids include but are not limited to a gravel packing fluid, a drilling fluid, a completion fluid, a displacement fluid, and a work-over fluid, all of which are known in the art.
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK07704940.1T DK1979433T3 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | A process for the acidification in a wellbore |
EP07704940.1A EP1979433B1 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | Methods for acidization in a wellbore |
MX2008009332A MX2008009332A (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore. |
BRPI0707170-1A BRPI0707170B1 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | ACIDIFICATION METHOD IN A WELL |
EA200870184A EA014342B1 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore |
CA2637734A CA2637734C (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore |
AU2007206784A AU2007206784B2 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore |
NO20083043A NO20083043L (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2008-07-09 | Methods and compositions for acid treatment in a borehole |
EG2008071215A EG26613A (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2008-07-20 | Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/336,474 | 2006-01-20 | ||
US11/336,475 US7431088B2 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2006-01-20 | Methods of controlled acidization in a wellbore |
US11/336,474 US20070173416A1 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2006-01-20 | Well treatment compositions for use in acidizing a well |
US11/336,475 | 2006-01-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007083128A1 true WO2007083128A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
Family
ID=37964606
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2007/000160 WO2007083128A1 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2007-01-19 | Methods and compositions for acidization in a wellbore |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US7431088B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1979433B1 (en) |
AR (1) | AR059140A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2007206784B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0707170B1 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2705597C (en) |
DK (1) | DK1979433T3 (en) |
EA (1) | EA014342B1 (en) |
EC (1) | ECSP088637A (en) |
EG (1) | EG26613A (en) |
MX (1) | MX2008009332A (en) |
MY (1) | MY145435A (en) |
NO (1) | NO20083043L (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007083128A1 (en) |
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WO2008038033A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and compositions relating to the control of the rates of acid-generating compounds in acidizing operations |
WO2009074795A1 (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-06-18 | Cleansorb Limited | Process for treatment of underground formations |
WO2015200444A1 (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-30 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Encapsulation of an acid precursor for oil field applications |
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GB2412389A (en) * | 2004-03-27 | 2005-09-28 | Cleansorb Ltd | Process for treating underground formations |
US7906464B2 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2011-03-15 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Compositions and methods for the removal of oil-based filtercakes |
US7833943B2 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2010-11-16 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc. | Microemulsifiers and methods of making and using same |
US7998910B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2011-08-16 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Treatment fluids comprising relative permeability modifiers and methods of use |
US9206673B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2015-12-08 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore servicing fluid system and methods of use |
US9890321B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2018-02-13 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore servicing compositions and methods of making and using same |
US9702238B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2017-07-11 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore servicing methods and compositions comprising degradable polymers |
US9410076B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2016-08-09 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore servicing methods and compositions comprising degradable polymers |
US9951266B2 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2018-04-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Expanded wellbore servicing materials and methods of making and using same |
US8714249B1 (en) | 2012-10-26 | 2014-05-06 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore servicing materials and methods of making and using same |
US20140162910A1 (en) | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-12 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Wellbore Servicing Compositions and Methods of Making and Using Same |
US10023788B2 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2018-07-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Acidizing fluids and methods for use in subterranean formations |
WO2016010548A1 (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-21 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods for increasing the surface area of fractures or to increase the depth of penetration fractures in low permeability oil and gas reservoirs containing shale to increase productivity |
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US20180282609A1 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Titanium Chloride Encapsulation for Acid Generation |
US11390798B2 (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2022-07-19 | Hallburton Energy Services, Inc. | Acidizing and interfacial tension reducing hydrolysable oils for subterranean treatments |
US10934474B2 (en) | 2018-09-13 | 2021-03-02 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Method to generate acidic species in wellbore fluids |
US11098237B1 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2021-08-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Compositions for delayed acid generation for high temperature applications and methods of making and using same |
US11486242B2 (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2022-11-01 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods for targeted chemical treatment of well bores |
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2006
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- 2006-01-20 US US11/336,474 patent/US20070173416A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2007-01-19 AU AU2007206784A patent/AU2007206784B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-01-19 CA CA2705597A patent/CA2705597C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-19 WO PCT/GB2007/000160 patent/WO2007083128A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-01-19 MY MYPI20082658A patent/MY145435A/en unknown
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- 2007-01-19 BR BRPI0707170-1A patent/BRPI0707170B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-01-22 AR ARP070100263A patent/AR059140A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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2008
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WO2008038033A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and compositions relating to the control of the rates of acid-generating compounds in acidizing operations |
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WO2015200444A1 (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2015-12-30 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Encapsulation of an acid precursor for oil field applications |
US9796919B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2017-10-24 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Encapsulation of an acid precursor for oil field applications |
US10093851B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2018-10-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Encapsulation of an acid precursor for oil field applications |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2705597C (en) | 2011-07-12 |
EP1979433B1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
EG26613A (en) | 2014-04-02 |
AR059140A1 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
US7431088B2 (en) | 2008-10-07 |
BRPI0707170B1 (en) | 2019-05-07 |
CA2705597A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
CA2637734C (en) | 2012-06-05 |
AU2007206784A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
EA200870184A1 (en) | 2009-02-27 |
NO20083043L (en) | 2008-08-20 |
CA2637734A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
MX2008009332A (en) | 2009-01-30 |
EA014342B1 (en) | 2010-10-29 |
ECSP088637A (en) | 2008-08-29 |
MY145435A (en) | 2012-02-15 |
US20070173416A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
EP1979433A1 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
BRPI0707170A2 (en) | 2011-04-26 |
US20070169938A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
DK1979433T3 (en) | 2016-04-18 |
AU2007206784B2 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
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