WO2008050043A2 - Method for controlling the charge status of an energy storage means - Google Patents

Method for controlling the charge status of an energy storage means Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008050043A2
WO2008050043A2 PCT/FR2007/052175 FR2007052175W WO2008050043A2 WO 2008050043 A2 WO2008050043 A2 WO 2008050043A2 FR 2007052175 W FR2007052175 W FR 2007052175W WO 2008050043 A2 WO2008050043 A2 WO 2008050043A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
storage means
energy storage
energy
charge
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Application number
PCT/FR2007/052175
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French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008050043A3 (en
Inventor
Eric Condemine
Nicolas Guerin
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA
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Publication date
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Priority to EP07858601A priority Critical patent/EP2084031A2/en
Publication of WO2008050043A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008050043A2/en
Publication of WO2008050043A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008050043A3/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/13—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1446—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle in response to parameters of a vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2510/0638—Engine speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/28—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the regulation of the state of charge of a vehicle energy storage means, and is particularly applicable to vehicles with a heat engine and an electric machine can provide a couple participating in the training of the vehicle, especially during the start-up phase or restart.
  • the - or sometimes the - electric machine of the vehicle is obviously a large energy consumer that it is important to produce and store when the vehicle only works or at least essentially thanks to the engine.
  • the storage of electrical energy is obtained by means of one or more batteries, recharged by a generator driven by the engine. It is also known to store the kinetic energy of the vehicle by means of supercapacities.
  • the object of the present invention is thus to provide an improvement to the management systems of the energy storage means for optimizing the consumption gain.
  • this object is achieved by a method of controlling the charge of an energy storage means for powering an electric machine of a vehicle also equipped with a heat engine, comprising a regulating the load demand to be stored to allow a limitation of the load demand according to at least one dynamic parameter of the vehicle state indicative of a recoverable energy potential in the future conditions of driving the vehicle.
  • the dynamic parameter is selected from the vehicle speed, the engine speed, the gear engaged and the type of driving.
  • the limitation of the load demand is only allowed if the health status of the energy storage means is estimated to be undegraded, this state of health being able to be deduced, for example, from the history of currents / voltages and temperatures. It is also advantageous to allow this regulation of the load demand only if the vehicle is operating normally, therefore excluding a limitation if it is considered to operate in degraded mode (for example if the engine speed is capped by failure or malfunction of certain equipment.
  • the invention is in the context of vehicle architectures equipped with at least one onboard electrical power source. Depending on the various vehicle life phases (accelerations, decelerations, stop, stabilized, start, etc.), it solicits more or less the storer of electrical energy to store or restore electrical energy.
  • the invention is based on a strategy for optimizing the management of the available electrical energy of a means for storing electrical energy in its various life phases as a function of vehicle parameters to optimize the consumption gain. and the ease of use while ensuring the vehicle functions.
  • the deceleration that will follow before going through a complete stop state of the vehicle will recover energy to find the initial state of charge of the storer.
  • the invention can be implemented with energy storage means such as conventional lead-acid batteries, NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydride) batteries, or lithium batteries. It is important, however, that the storage means is compatible with many charging and discharging cycles, which in particular directs the choice towards so-called sealed batteries.
  • the invention can also be implemented with a storage means constituted by a supercapacity, for example of about 50KJ for a mid-range vehicle, as described for example in the French patent application FR 2842144 whose content is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the max and min load difference determines the limits in which the strategy is active and represents the maximum potential of available energy.
  • the computer hosting the electrical management strategy retrieves the vehicle speed information.
  • the said strategy can be activated beyond a certain threshold of vehicle speed.
  • the following parameters enable the strategy:
  • the engine speed The electrical generator of the electrical energy is linked to the engine, it must be ensured that the regime allows to ensure the recovery of energy allowing to return to an initial or minimum storage level to ensure a restart function for example
  • the state of charge of the storer makes it possible to fix the phase of life of the storer (regulation, recharge or discharge) and a reference of state of charge relevant according to the parameters quoted above
  • the computer can identify a type of rolling and thus identify a strategy adapted to the user.
  • the strategy will focus on the energy recovery mode for a driver who will make short deceleration through the intensive use of brakes while we can better exploit the range of electrical energy available from the electric storage during a more flexible rolling ...

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling the charge of an energy storage means used to power an electric machine of a vehicle that is also fitted with a heat engine, characterised in that the request concerning the charge to be stored is controlled according to at least one dynamic parameter of the status of the vehicle that indicates the energy potential which can be recovered in the future driving conditions of the vehicle. The invention is particularly suitable for start/stop vehicles and hybrid vehicles.

Description

Procédé de régulation de l'état de charge d'un moyen de stockage d'énergie Method for regulating the state of charge of an energy storage means
[0001] La présente invention revendique la priorité de la demande française 0654470 déposée le 24/10/2006 dont le contenu (description, revendications et dessins) est incorporé ici par référence.The present invention claims the priority of the French application 0654470 filed on October 24, 2006 whose content (description, claims and drawings) is incorporated herein by reference.
[0002] La présente invention concerne la régulation de l'état de charge d'un moyen de stockage d'énergie embarqué dans un véhicule, et s'applique tout particulièrement aux véhicules dotés d'un moteur thermique et d'une machine électrique pouvant fournir un couple participant à l'entrainement du véhicule, notamment lors de phase de démarrage ou de redémarrage.The present invention relates to the regulation of the state of charge of a vehicle energy storage means, and is particularly applicable to vehicles with a heat engine and an electric machine can provide a couple participating in the training of the vehicle, especially during the start-up phase or restart.
[0003] Pour réduire les consommations et les émissions de polluants des véhicules automobiles, les constructeurs proposent de plus en plus de coupler le moteur thermique avec une machine électrique. Sur les véhicules dits hybrides, cette machine électrique est susceptible d'assister ou de suppléer le moteur thermique dans toutes ses phases de fonctionnement. Sur les véhicules équipés d'une fonction dite « stop and start » ou encore « stop and go », pour reprendre la terminologie anglo-saxonne, la machine électrique permet d'arrêter automatiquement le moteur dans toute phase d'utilisation du véhicule où son fonctionnement n'est pas nécessaire (arrêt à un feu d'intersection par exemple), et de le redémarrer dès que le conducteur marque sa volonté de faire repartir son véhicule.To reduce the consumption and pollutant emissions of motor vehicles, manufacturers offer more and more coupling the heat engine with an electric machine. On so-called hybrid vehicles, this electric machine is likely to assist or supplement the engine in all its operating phases. On vehicles equipped with a function called "stop and start" or "stop and go", to use the English terminology, the electric machine can automatically stop the engine in any phase of use of the vehicle where its operation is not necessary (stop at an intersection light for example), and restart it as soon as the driver indicates his desire to restart his vehicle.
[0004] La - ou parfois les - machine électrique du véhicule est à l'évidence une grande consommatrice d'énergie qu'il est important de produire et de stocker lorsque le véhicule fonctionne uniquement ou du moins essentiellement grâce au moteur thermique. De façon générale, le stockage de l'énergie électrique est obtenu au moyen d'une ou de plusieurs batteries, rechargées par une génératrice entrainée par le moteur thermique. Il est aussi connu de stocker l'énergie cinétique du véhicule au moyen de supercapacités.The - or sometimes the - electric machine of the vehicle is obviously a large energy consumer that it is important to produce and store when the vehicle only works or at least essentially thanks to the engine. In general, the storage of electrical energy is obtained by means of one or more batteries, recharged by a generator driven by the engine. It is also known to store the kinetic energy of the vehicle by means of supercapacities.
[0005] Référence est faite notamment au brevet étatsunien US5318142 qui propose l'usage de moyens de stockage de type supercapacités en associant dans des véhicules hybrides. Il peut également être renvoyé au brevet FR2842144 qui décrit un tel stockage de l'énergie cinétique du véhicule au moyen de supercapacités, et la réutilisation de l'énergie stockée pour fournir de la puissance aux roues en particulier lorsque la vitesse du véhicule est stabilisée et le moteur thermique arrêté. Il doit être par ailleurs souligné que le terme de supercapacité, ou « supercapacitor » en anglais, est parfois remplacé par des expressions françaises ou anglophones telles que « ultracapacitor », capacité à double couche électrique ou capacité électrochimique. Le lecteur trouvera également dans de nombreuses publications des exemples de méthodes de fabrication de telles supercapacités (voir par exemple US20050128684).Reference is made in particular to United States patent US5318142 which proposes the use of storage means of supercapacities type by combining in hybrid vehicles. It can also be referred to patent FR2842144 which describes such storage of the kinetic energy of the vehicle by means of supercapacities, and the reuse of stored energy to provide power to the wheels, especially when the speed of the vehicle is stabilized and the engine stopped. It should also be pointed out that the term supercapacity, or "supercapacitor" in English, is sometimes replaced by French or English expressions such as "ultracapacitor", double-layer capacity or electrochemical capacity. The reader will also find in many publications examples of methods of manufacturing such supercapacities (see for example US20050128684).
[0006] La gestion de cette production et de ce stockage d'énergie est un facteur clé pour ne pas avoir d'une part à sur-dimensionner certains équipements et surtout pour éviter une dégradation de leurs performances, les moyens de stockage de l'énergie étant fragiles et une mauvaise utilisation pouvant se traduire par une dégradation irréversible pouvant nécessiter le remplacement de ces moyens de stockage.The management of this production and energy storage is a key factor for not having to over-size some equipment and especially to avoid a degradation of their performance, the storage means of the energy being fragile and misuse can result in irreversible degradation may require the replacement of these storage means.
[0007] Le but de la présente invention est ainsi de proposer un perfectionnement aux systèmes de gestion des moyens de stockage d'énergie pour optimiser le gain de consommation.The object of the present invention is thus to provide an improvement to the management systems of the energy storage means for optimizing the consumption gain.
[0008] Selon l'invention, ce but est atteint par un procédé de contrôle de la charge d'un moyen de stockage de l'énergie pour alimenter une machine électrique d'un véhicule équipé par ailleurs d'un moteur thermique, comportant une régulation de la demande de charge à stocker pour autoriser une limitation de la demande de charge en fonction d'au moins un paramètre dynamique de l'état du véhicule indicatif d'un potentiel d'énergie récupérable dans les conditions futures de roulage du véhicule.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method of controlling the charge of an energy storage means for powering an electric machine of a vehicle also equipped with a heat engine, comprising a regulating the load demand to be stored to allow a limitation of the load demand according to at least one dynamic parameter of the vehicle state indicative of a recoverable energy potential in the future conditions of driving the vehicle.
[0009] Selon une variante de l'invention, le paramètre dynamique est choisi parmi la vitesse du véhicule, le régime moteur, le rapport engagé et le type de roulage.According to a variant of the invention, the dynamic parameter is selected from the vehicle speed, the engine speed, the gear engaged and the type of driving.
[0010] Avantageusement, la limitation de la demande de charge n'est autorisée que si l'état de santé du moyen de stockage de l'énergie est estimé non dégradé, cet état de santé pouvant être par exemple déduit à partir de l'historique des courants /tensions et des températures. [0011] II est également avantageux de n'autoriser cette régulation de la demande de charge que si le véhicule fonctionne normalement, donc en excluant une limitation s'il est considéré comme fonctionnement en mode dégradé (par exemple si le régime moteur est plafonné du fait du non fonctionnement ou du mauvais fonctionnement de certains équipements.Advantageously, the limitation of the load demand is only allowed if the health status of the energy storage means is estimated to be undegraded, this state of health being able to be deduced, for example, from the history of currents / voltages and temperatures. It is also advantageous to allow this regulation of the load demand only if the vehicle is operating normally, therefore excluding a limitation if it is considered to operate in degraded mode (for example if the engine speed is capped by failure or malfunction of certain equipment.
[0012] L'invention se situe dans le cadre d'architectures véhicules équipés d'au moins une source d'énergie électrique embarquée. En fonction des différentes phases de vie du véhicule (accélérations, décélérations, arrêt, stabilisé, démarrage, etc.), on sollicite plus ou moins le stockeur d'énergie électrique pour emmagasiner ou restituer de l'énergie électrique.The invention is in the context of vehicle architectures equipped with at least one onboard electrical power source. Depending on the various vehicle life phases (accelerations, decelerations, stop, stabilized, start, etc.), it solicits more or less the storer of electrical energy to store or restore electrical energy.
[0013] On considère 4 phases de vie au niveau du stockeur électrique en fonction de son utilisation :We consider 4 phases of life at the level of the electric storage according to its use:
• Soit on régule le stockeur à un état de charge stabilisé,• Either the storer is regulated to a stabilized state of charge,
• Soit on recharge le stockeur par la machine électrique générateur d'énergie électrique,• Either one recharges the storer by the electrical machine generator of electrical energy,
• Soit on décharge le stockeur dans un réseau électrique ce qui permet de délester l'organe électrique de génération, donc de diminuer la charge sur le moteur électrique (donc la consommation du moteur thermique)• Either we unload the storer in an electrical network which allows to unload the electric organ of generation, thus to reduce the load on the electric motor (thus the consumption of the engine)
• Soit on décharge le stockeur par la machine électrique sous forme de couple complémentaire lors de phase d'accélération par exemple• Either we unload the storer by the electric machine in the form of complementary torque during acceleration phase for example
[0014] L'invention repose sur une stratégie d'optimisation de la gestion de l'énergie électrique disponible d'un moyen de stockage de l'énergie électrique dans ses différentes phases de vie en fonction de paramètres véhicules pour optimiser le gain de consommation et le confort d'utilisation tout assurant les fonctions véhicule.The invention is based on a strategy for optimizing the management of the available electrical energy of a means for storing electrical energy in its various life phases as a function of vehicle parameters to optimize the consumption gain. and the ease of use while ensuring the vehicle functions.
[0015] Par exemple, plus la vitesse véhicule est élevé plus on peut diminuer l'état de charge du moyen de stockage de l'énergie électrique. La décélération qui suivra avant de passer par un état arrêt complet du véhicule permettra de récupérer l'énergie pour retrouver l'état de charge initiale du stockeur. [0016] L'invention peut être mise en œuvre avec des moyens de stockage de l'énergie tels par exemple des batteries au plomb conventionnelles, des batteries NiMH (Nickel Métal Hydrure), ou encore des batteries au lithium. Il importe toutefois que le moyen de stockage soit compatible avec de nombreux cycles de charge et de décharge, ce qui oriente en particulier le choix vers des batteries dites étanches.For example, the higher the vehicle speed is higher you can reduce the state of charge of the storage means of the electrical energy. The deceleration that will follow before going through a complete stop state of the vehicle will recover energy to find the initial state of charge of the storer. The invention can be implemented with energy storage means such as conventional lead-acid batteries, NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydride) batteries, or lithium batteries. It is important, however, that the storage means is compatible with many charging and discharging cycles, which in particular directs the choice towards so-called sealed batteries.
[0017] L'invention peut également être mise en œuvre avec un moyen de stockage constitué par une supercapacité, par exemple d'environ 50KJ pour un véhicule de gamme moyenne, comme décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet français FR 2842144 dont le contenu est ici incorporé par référence.The invention can also be implemented with a storage means constituted by a supercapacity, for example of about 50KJ for a mid-range vehicle, as described for example in the French patent application FR 2842144 whose content is hereby incorporated by reference.
[0018] Suivant les différentes phases de vie du véhicule (accélérations, décélérations, arrêt, stabilisé, démarrage, ...) nous pouvons modifier l'état de charge du stockeur électrique de manière en fonction des paramètres véhicules disponibles sur le réseau d'informations véhicule. Suivant le stockeur, la différence d'état de charge max et min (la différence de tension max et min dans le cas de supercapacités) détermine les bornes dans lesquelles la stratégie est active et représente le potentiel maxi d'énergie disponible.According to the different phases of the vehicle life (accelerations, decelerations, stop, stabilized, start, ...) we can change the state of charge of the electrical storer in a manner depending on the vehicle parameters available on the network. vehicle information. Depending on the storer, the max and min load difference (max and min difference in the case of supercapacities) determines the limits in which the strategy is active and represents the maximum potential of available energy.
[0019] Le calculateur hébergeant la stratégie de gestion électrique récupère l'information vitesse véhicule. La dite stratégie peut être activée au-delà d'un certain seuil de vitesse véhicule. Cependant pour assurer un fonctionnement optimal, les paramètres suivants permettent valider la stratégie :The computer hosting the electrical management strategy retrieves the vehicle speed information. The said strategy can be activated beyond a certain threshold of vehicle speed. However, to ensure optimal operation, the following parameters enable the strategy:
• Le régime moteur : L'organe électrique générateur de l'énergie électrique se trouvant lié au moteur thermique, il faut s'assurer que le régime permet d'assurer la récupération d'énergie permettant de revenir à un niveau de stockage initial ou minimum pour assurer une fonction redémarrage par exemple• The engine speed: The electrical generator of the electrical energy is linked to the engine, it must be ensured that the regime allows to ensure the recovery of energy allowing to return to an initial or minimum storage level to ensure a restart function for example
• Et (ou) le régime machine électrique : L'acquisition du régime de l'organe électrique de génération permet valider le niveau d'énergie récupérable. Il peut venir en supplément du régime moteur thermique dans le cas où l'on veut s'assurer de la synchronisation entre le régime du moteur thermique et de la machine électrique • Et (ou) le rapport engagé : Le rapport engagé permet de s'assurer que durant la décélération, le régime du moteur thermique est lié aux roues et que en fonction de la vitesse, on peut estimer le gain en récupération d'énergie électrique• And (or) the electric machine regime: The acquisition of the regime of the electric generating device allows to validate the recoverable energy level. It can come in addition to the thermal engine speed in the case where one wants to ensure the synchronization between the speed of the engine and the electric machine • And (or) gear engaged: The engaged gear makes it possible to ensure that during the deceleration, the speed of the engine is linked to the wheels and that, depending on the speed, the gain in electric energy recovery can be estimated
• Et (ou) l'état de santé du stockeur : L'état de santé (estimé à partir de l'historique des courants / tensions, températures, ...) du stockeur permet de limiter sur une plage restreinte l'énergie transitant dans le stockeur pour optimiser sa durée de vie• And (or) the state of health of the storer: The state of health (estimated from the history of the currents / tensions, temperatures, ...) of the storer makes it possible to limit on a limited range the energy transiting in the storage to optimize its life
• L'état de charge du stockeur : L'état de charge du stockeur permet de fixer la phase de vie du stockeur (régulation, recharge ou décharge) et une consigne d'état de charge pertinente en fonction des paramètres cités ci-dessus• The state of charge of the storer: The state of charge of the storer makes it possible to fix the phase of life of the storer (regulation, recharge or discharge) and a reference of state of charge relevant according to the parameters quoted above
[0020] Ces informations sont interprétées par le calculateur et envoie en sortie :This information is interpreted by the computer and sends output:
• Une phase de vie du stockeur : régulation, recharge ou décharge• A phase of life of the storer: regulation, reloading or unloading
• Une consigne d'état de charge au stockeur (une consigne de tension dans le cas d'Ucaps)• A charge state instruction to the storer (a voltage setpoint in the case of Ucaps)
[0021] D'autre part, après acquisitions des informations ci-dessus le calculateur peut identifier un type de roulage et permettre ainsi d'identifier une stratégie adaptée à l'utilisateur. En résumé, la stratégie va privilégier le mode récupération d'énergie pour un conducteur qui fera de courtes décélération par l'utilisation intensif des freins alors que l'on pourra mieux exploiter la plage d'énergie électrique disponible du stockeur électrique lors d'un roulage plus souples ...On the other hand, after acquisition of the information above the computer can identify a type of rolling and thus identify a strategy adapted to the user. In summary, the strategy will focus on the energy recovery mode for a driver who will make short deceleration through the intensive use of brakes while we can better exploit the range of electrical energy available from the electric storage during a more flexible rolling ...
[0022] Les avantages de cette invention sont notamment les suivants :The advantages of this invention include the following:
• Optimiser l'utilisation d'un stockeur par rapport au roulage véhicule• Optimize the use of a storer in relation to vehicle running
• Réaliser des gains de consommation en sollicitant plus le stockeur et délestant la charge de l'alternateur sur le moteur thermique • Optimiser la durée de vie du stockeur en respectant des cycles de charges / décharges liés aux caractéristiques intrinsèque du stockeur• Achieve consumption gains by increasing the demands on the storer and relieving the load of the alternator on the engine • Optimize the storage life of the storer by respecting load / discharge cycles related to the intrinsic characteristics of the storer
• Préserver des organes électriques en cas de mode dégradés ou de panne avérée sur le véhicule• Preserve electrical devices in case of degraded mode or proven breakdown on the vehicle
• Facilité de mise en œuvre : hébergement d'un soft loi de commande dans un calculateur embarqué (type contrôle moteur) • Ease of implementation: hosting a soft command law in an on-board computer (engine control type)

Claims

Revendications : Claims:
1. Procédé de gestion de la charge d'un moyen de stockage de l'énergie pour alimenter une machine électrique d'un véhicule équipé par ailleurs d'un moteur thermique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une régulation de la demande de charge à stocker pour autoriser une limitation de la demande de charge en fonction d'au moins un paramètre dynamique de l'état du véhicule indicatif d'un potentiel d'énergie récupérable dans les conditions futures de roulage du véhicule.1. A method for managing the charge of an energy storage means for powering an electric machine of a vehicle also equipped with a heat engine, characterized in that it comprises a regulation of the load demand store to allow a limitation of the load demand according to at least one dynamic parameter of the vehicle state indicative of a recoverable energy potential in the future conditions of driving the vehicle.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit paramètre dynamique est choisi parmi : la vitesse du véhicule, le régime moteur, le rapport engagé ou le type de roulage.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said dynamic parameter is chosen from: the speed of the vehicle, the engine speed, the gear engaged or the type of driving.
3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la limitation de la demande de charge n'est autorisée que si l'état de santé du moyen de stockage de l'énergie est estimé non dégradé.3. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the limitation of the load demand is allowed only if the health status of the energy storage means is estimated to be undegraded.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit état de santé moyen de stockage de l'énergie est estimé à partir de l'historique des courants /tensions et des températures.4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that said average state of health of energy storage is estimated from the history of currents / voltages and temperatures.
5. Procédé de gestion selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la régulation de la demande de charge est subordonnée à une condition de mode de fonctionnement non dégradé du véhicule. 5. Management method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the regulation of the load demand is subordinated to a condition of non-degraded mode of operation of the vehicle.
PCT/FR2007/052175 2006-10-24 2007-10-17 Method for controlling the charge status of an energy storage means WO2008050043A2 (en)

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FR0654470A FR2907611B1 (en) 2006-10-24 2006-10-24 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE CHARGE STATE OF AN ENERGY STORAGE MEANS.

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FR2958464B1 (en) * 2010-04-02 2012-10-05 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE CHARGE OF AN ADDITIONAL ENERGY STORER OF A MICRO-HYBRID PROPULSION VEHICLE AND SYSTEM IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD

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EP1538724A2 (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Charging control device with memory for cycle count

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DE10042414A1 (en) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-14 Daimler Chrysler Ag System for operating electrical traction components charges capacitor from battery and returns stored energy to battery depending on capacitor state of charge, characteristic parameter
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EP1538724A2 (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Charging control device with memory for cycle count

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WO2008050043A3 (en) 2008-06-19
FR2907611A1 (en) 2008-04-25
FR2907611B1 (en) 2014-07-11

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