WO2008060682B1 - Cryogenic magnetic resonance coil system - Google Patents

Cryogenic magnetic resonance coil system

Info

Publication number
WO2008060682B1
WO2008060682B1 PCT/US2007/068416 US2007068416W WO2008060682B1 WO 2008060682 B1 WO2008060682 B1 WO 2008060682B1 US 2007068416 W US2007068416 W US 2007068416W WO 2008060682 B1 WO2008060682 B1 WO 2008060682B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
region
sample
module
cryogenic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/068416
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008060682A1 (en
Inventor
Erzhen Gao
Jon T Devries
C Richard Hullihen Iii
Wallace Y Kunimoto
Timothy W James
Original Assignee
M2M Imaging Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by M2M Imaging Corp filed Critical M2M Imaging Corp
Priority to EP07868268A priority Critical patent/EP2033005A1/en
Publication of WO2008060682A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008060682A1/en
Publication of WO2008060682B1 publication Critical patent/WO2008060682B1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/34046—Volume type coils, e.g. bird-cage coils; Quadrature bird-cage coils; Circularly polarised coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/30—Sample handling arrangements, e.g. sample cells, spinning mechanisms
    • G01R33/307—Sample handling arrangements, e.g. sample cells, spinning mechanisms specially adapted for moving the sample relative to the MR system, e.g. spinning mechanisms, flow cells or means for positioning the sample inside a spectrometer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/34015—Temperature-controlled RF coils
    • G01R33/34023—Superconducting RF coils

Abstract

A magnetic resonance coil system (18) allows for the use of modular components and which in one embodiment is particularly well-suited for use with small animals and includes an animal receiving apparatus (202), a transmit coil module (204,) and a receive coil module (206). The receive coil module (206) includes a cryogenic receive coil. The coil system (18) is selectively insertable in the bore of the gradient coil of a magnetic resonance examination system.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 03 June 2008 (03.06.2008)
1. A modular coil system for use with an MR system having a main magnet and a gradient coil, the coil system including: a first RF coil module which includes a cryogenic RF coil carried by the first module and which at least one of excites magnetic resonance in MR active nuclei of a sample and receives magnetic resonance signals from MR active nuclei of the sample; first RF coil electrical circuitry carried by the first RF coil module and operatively electrically connected to the first RF coil; a second module which includes a sample receiving region; a sample support carried by the second module and which supports the sample in the sample receiving region; and a closed-loop cooling system in thermal communication with the cryogenic RF coil, wherein the closed-loop cooling system maintains the cyrogenic RF coil at a cyrogenic temperature; and wherein the first RF coil module and the second module are selectively assembleable by a human user of the MR system so as to form the coil system based on application specific requirements, wherein the coil system is selectively insertable by the human user of the MR system in the examination region of the MR system for conducting an MR examination of the sample.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 45
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the MR system is an animal scanner having a generally cylindrical gradient coil having a bore and wherein the coil system is selectively insertable in the bore.
3. The coil system of claim 1 wherein the first RF coil module includes a first transmit coil module which includes an RF transmit coil which excites magnetic resonance in MR active nuclei in a signal excitation region; a first receive coil module which includes a cryogenic RF receive coil which detects magnetic signals from MR active nuclei in a signal detection region; wherein the first transmit coil module and the first receive coil module are selectively assembleable by a human user so as to form the first RF coil module.
4. The coil system of claim 3 wherein the first transmit coil module and the first receive coil module matingly engage so as to form a unitary assembly, and wherein when the first transmit coil module and the first receive coil module are so mated, the signal excitation region and the signal detection region are coextensive,
5. The coil system of claim 4 wherein the first RF coil module and the second module matingly engage so as to form a unitary assembly, and wherein the MR coil system is selectively removable from the MR system by a human user.
6. The coil system of claim 1 wherein the second module includes an RF transmit coil, the first RF coil module includes a cryogenic RF receive coil, and the first RF coil
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 46 electrical circuitry includes at least one of decoupling circuitry, a quadrature combiner, and a preamplifier.
7. The coil system of claim 1 wherein the RF coil receives MR signals from MR active nuclei in a signal detection region, and wherein the sample support is selectively positionable with respect to the second module for positioning a region of interest of a sample in the signal detection region.
8. The coil system of claim 1 including a third RF coil module which includes a third RF coil having a functional characteristic which is different from that of the first RF coil; third RF coil electrical circuitry operatively connected to the second RF coil and carried by the third RF coil module, wherein either of the first RF coil module or the third RF coil module and the second module are selectively assembleable by a human user so as to form the coil system.
9. The coil system of claim 1 wherein the gradient coil includes a generally cylindrical bore and wherein the coil system includes a generally cylindrical exterior shape, whereby the coil system is selectively insertable in the bore.
10. The coil system of claim 1 wherein sample support is a small animal support.
11. The coil system of claim 1 wherein the sample support includes a bite bar.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
47
12. The coil system of claim 10 including a cover which selectively covers the sample receiving region so as to minimize contamination of an animal supported by the small animal support.
13. The coil system of claim 1 wherein the RF coil is a receive coil which produces a signal which includes sample noise and coil noise, and wherein sample noise predominates over coil noise.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first RF coil module includes an evacuated region and a hermetically sealed, non-magnetic electrical feedthrough extending between the evacuated region and the ambient environment.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first RF coil includes a cryogenic region, and wherein the first RF coil module includes a substantially RF transparent, thermally reflective radiation barrier disposed between the cryogenic region and the ambient environment.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the radiation barrier is fabricated from a metalized polymer having a plurality of microfractures, and wherein the microfractures render the radiation barrier substantially RF transparent.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
17. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the radiation barrier is fabricated from a non- metallic, polymeric thermally reflective film.
18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the coil system includes a variable reactor, a shaft operatively connected to the variable reactor for varying its reactance, and a clutch operatively connected to the rod.
19. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the MR system is one of a hybrid MR/SPECT or a hybrid MR/PET system.
20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the MR system is an animal imaging system.
21. An MR imaging method comprising: initiating a cryogenic cooling of a first cryogenic receive coil to a cryogenic temperature prior to placing the first cryogenic RF receive coil in a coil receiving region; placing the first cryogenic RF receive coil in the coil receiving region of a sample receiving apparatus so that the first receive coil and an RF transmit coil cooperate to define an MR signal excitation and detection region in a sample receiving region of the sample receiving apparatus; placing a sample in the MR signal excitation and detection region; placing the sample receiving apparatus in the examination region of an MR imaging system; conducting an MR imaging examination of the sample;
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 49 removing the sample receiving apparatus from the MR imaging system.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 including removing the sample from the MR signal excitation and detection region; removing the first RF receive coil from the coil receiving region; placing a second, non-cryogenic RF receive coil in the coil receiving region.
23. The method of claim 21 including, prior to placing the first RF receive coil in the coil receiving region of the sample receiving apparatus, placing the first receive coil in a receive coil receiving region of the transmit coil.
24. The method of claim 21 wherein the first cryogenic receive coil produces a signal which includes sample noise and coil nose, and wherein the sample noise predominates over the coil noise.
25. The method of claim 21 wherein initiating the cryogenic cooling of the first cryogenic receive coil includes using a pulse tube to cool the cryogenic receive coil to the cryogenic temperature.
26. The method of claim 21 wherein initiating the cooling includes introducing a cryogen into a dewar which is in thermal communication with the first cryogenic RF receive coil.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
50
27. The method of claim 21 wherein the sample is a small animal.
28. The method of claim 27 including placing the small animal on a small animal support; placing the small animal support in the sample receiving region.
29. The method of claim 21 wherein the sample is a living organism and including heating the sample receiving region during the MR imaging examination.
30. The method of claim 21 including maintaining the sample receiving region at a positive pressure during the MR examination region.
31. The method of claim 30 wherein the sample is an immunocompromised animal.
32. The method of claim 21 wherein the MR imaging system is an animal scanner.
33. The method of claim 21 wherein the MR imaging examination is one of an fMRI or a molecular imaging examination.
34. The method of claim 21 including securing the coil system to the housing of a generally cylindrical gradient coil.
35. An apparatus for use in MR examinations comprising:
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 51 a base; an RF transmit coil; a cryogenic RF receive coil mounted in relation to the transmit coil and the base so as to define an MR signal excitation and detection region; a cryocooler that maintains the cyrogenic RF coil at a cyrogenic temperature; and a sample support carried by the base, which support is adapted to support a sample in the defined signal excitation and detection region; wherein the apparatus is selectively insertable by a human user of the MR system in the examination region of an MR system so that that the MR signal excitation and detection region is located therein.
36. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the receive coil is removably mounted in relation to the base for selective removal by a human user.
37. The apparatus of claim 36 wherein the sample support is a small animal support.
38. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the transmit coil is removably mounted in relation to the base for selective removal by a human user.
39. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the apparatus has a generally cylindrical exterior shape.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
52
40. The apparatus of claim 39 wherein the apparatus has a longitudinal axis and the receive coil is displaced from the longitudinal axis, and wherein the apparatus includes means for urging a region of interest of the animal radially in the direction of the receive coil.
41. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the MR system is an animal imaging system.
42. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the transmit coil and the receive coil matingly engage so as to form a unitary assembly, and wherein the unitary assembly is selectively mountable to the base by a human user.
43. The apparatus of claim 35 including an evacuated region and a non-magnetic, annular dewar disposed in the evacuated region.
44. The apparatus of claim 43 wherein the dewar includes an inner housing portion and a thermally conductive member attached to the inner housing portion and extending downwardly therefrom, wherein the thermally conductive member includes a major surface which extends longitudinally with respect to the dewar, whereby the thermally conductive member provides a thermally conductive path between the inner housing portion and a cryogen disposed below the inner housing portion so as to aid in cooling of the inner housing portion.
45. An apparatus comprising:
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 53 a housing which defines an evacuated region; an MR RF coil disposed in the evacuated region; a cyrocooler in thermal communication with the MR RF coil; and a hermetically sealed, non-magnetic electrical feedthrough extending through the housing.
46. The apparatus of claim 45 wherein the electrical feedthrough includes a sleeve fabricated from a non-magnetic material, at least a first electrical conductor extending through the sleeve, and a potting material which provides a hermetic seal between the at least a first conductor and the sleeve.
47. The apparatus of claim 46 wherein the at least a first electrical conductor is a polyimide insulated, non-magnetic wire.
48. The apparatus of claim 47 including an electrical connector connected to a first end of the wire for providing a removable electrical connection to a mating connector.
49. The apparatus of claim 46 wherein the electrical conductor is generally cylindrical and includes first and second ends, the first end includes a first material free region, the second end includes a second material free region, and the first and second material free regions are adapted to receive the conductors of corresponding first and second male electrical connectors.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 54
50. The apparatus of claim 46 wherein the feedthrough is a coaxial feedthrough having a characteristic impedance of approximately 50 ohms.
51. The apparatus of claim 45 further including a pre-clinical MR system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
52. The apparatus of claim 45 further including a clinical MR system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
53. The apparatus of claim 45 further including an MR imaging system and a second imaging system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
54. An apparatus comprising: a cryogenic region; an MR RF coil disposed in the cryogenic region; a substantially RF transparent, thermally reflective thermal radiation barrier disposed physically between the cryogenic region and the ambient environment.
55. The apparatus of claim 54 wherein the thermal radiation barrier is fabricated from a metalized polymer having a plurality of microfractures formed therein, wherein the microfractures render the radiation barrier substantially transparent to RF energy at an operating frequency of the RF coil.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
55
56. The apparatus of claim 54 wherein the thermal radiation barrier is fabricated from a non-metallic polymeric film.
57. The apparatus of claim 56 wherein the film is a multi-layer polymeric film.
58. The apparatus of claim 57 wherein the film comprises PEN.
59. The apparatus of claim 54 further including a pre-clinical MR system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
60. The apparatus of claim 54 further including a clinical MR system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
61. The apparatus of claim 54 further including an MR imaging system and a second imaging system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
62. An apparatus comprising: an MR RF coil; a closed-loop cooling system in thermal communication with the MR RF coil, wherein the closed-loop cooling system maintains the MR RF coil at a cyrogenic temperature; a variable reactor electrically connected to the RF coil, wherein the variable reactor includes an element which travels over range of motion;
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 56 a rotating shaft electrically connected to the variable reactor for varying the reactance of the reactor. a clutch operatively connected to the rotating shaft, wherein the clutch slips when the variable rector reaches an end of travel.
63. The apparatus of claim 62 wherein the reactor is a variable capacitor.
64. The apparatus of claim 62 further including a pre-clinical MR system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
65. The apparatus of claim 62 further including a clinical MR system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
66. The apparatus of claim 62 further including an MR imaging system and a second imaging system, wherein the RF coil is operatively connected to the MR system.
67. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the closed-loop cooling system is a cryocooler.
68. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the closed-loop cooling system is a pulse tube.
69. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the closed-loop cooling system includes a cold head in thermal communication with the RF coil support 330.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
57
70. The apparatus of claim 69, further including a thermally conductive material, wherein the closed-loop cooling system is in thermal communication with the RF via the thermally conductive material.
71. The apparatus of claim 70, wherein the thermally conductive material is one of sapphire or copper.
AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
58
PCT/US2007/068416 2006-05-05 2007-05-07 Cryogenic magnetic resonance coil system WO2008060682A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07868268A EP2033005A1 (en) 2006-05-05 2007-05-07 Cryogenic magnetic resonance coil system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/418,867 US7378848B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2006-05-05 Magnetic resonance coil system
US11/418,867 2006-05-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008060682A1 WO2008060682A1 (en) 2008-05-22
WO2008060682B1 true WO2008060682B1 (en) 2008-07-24

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US (2) US7378848B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2033005A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008060682A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2033005A1 (en) 2009-03-11
US7378848B2 (en) 2008-05-27
US20070257674A1 (en) 2007-11-08
US7777491B2 (en) 2010-08-17
WO2008060682A1 (en) 2008-05-22
US20080204028A1 (en) 2008-08-28

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