WO2009051360A1 - Method for generating and consuming a file and apparatus thereof and computer readable medium - Google Patents

Method for generating and consuming a file and apparatus thereof and computer readable medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009051360A1
WO2009051360A1 PCT/KR2008/005811 KR2008005811W WO2009051360A1 WO 2009051360 A1 WO2009051360 A1 WO 2009051360A1 KR 2008005811 W KR2008005811 W KR 2008005811W WO 2009051360 A1 WO2009051360 A1 WO 2009051360A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
content
file
location information
identifier
metadata
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2008/005811
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Hui-Young Kim
Seong-Yong Lim
Han-Kyu Lee
Jinwoo Hong
Original Assignee
Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute filed Critical Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute
Priority to CN2008801212490A priority Critical patent/CN101903904A/en
Priority to EP08840458A priority patent/EP2212855A4/en
Publication of WO2009051360A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009051360A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00Commerce
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10Text processing
    • G06F40/103Formatting, i.e. changing of presentation of documents
    • G06F40/114Pagination
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/10Text processing
    • G06F40/103Formatting, i.e. changing of presentation of documents
    • G06F40/117Tagging; Marking up; Designating a block; Setting of attributes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/448Execution paradigms, e.g. implementations of programming paradigms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/448Execution paradigms, e.g. implementations of programming paradigms
    • G06F9/4494Execution paradigms, e.g. implementations of programming paradigms data driven
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/451Execution arrangements for user interfaces
    • G06F9/453Help systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/235Processing of additional data, e.g. scrambling of additional data or processing content descriptors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/435Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data, reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/84Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/85Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
    • H04N21/854Content authoring
    • H04N21/85406Content authoring involving a specific file format, e.g. MP4 format

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods for generating and consuming a file, apparatuses therefor, and a computer-readable recording medium.
  • a content identifier of each metadata should be sought for individually and transformed into a locator capable of finding the location of the content within a file, when metadata using a content identifier (ID) are stored with contents.
  • ID content identifier
  • Metadata should be updated when the location of the content within a file is not accurately figured out or whenever the location of a content changes. This is inconvenient.
  • a content identifier such as contents reference identifier (CRID)
  • CRID contents reference identifier
  • the present invention stores matching relationship information between location information of a content and a content identifier together in a file, when metadata are stored xn the file.
  • a method for generating a file including: generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content; and generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.
  • an apparatus for generating a file including: an information generator for generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content; and a file generator for generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.
  • a method for consuming a file including: selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content; acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content; and acquiring the content based on the location information, wherein the metadata and the matching relationship information are included m a file.
  • an apparatus for consuming a file including: a location resolution unit for selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content and acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content; and a content acquisition unit for acquiring the content based on the location information, wherein the metadata and the matching relationship information are included in a file.
  • a computer-readable recording medium which defines a format to generate a file including metadata on a content and matching relationship information between a content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and stores a file capable of acquiring the content corresponding to the content identifier based on the matching relationship information.
  • the technology of the present invention can separately process authoring metadata and generating a file from each other. Also, when the location of a content is changed, the technology of the present invention can cope with the change by simply modifying a table without updating the metadata .
  • Fig. 1 is a block view illustrating a file format structure and a process of generating and consuming a file in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 exemplarily illustrates information transmitted to a file handler in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 exemplifies information included m matching relationship information in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • matching relationship information is stored together m the file.
  • the matching relationship information is information mapping a content identifier for a content to be stored to a locator for positioning the content in the file.
  • the matching relationship information included m the file is used to determine location the location of the content stored m the file. This is referred to as location resolution. Therefore, it is possible to access to the content m the file by using a content identifier.
  • matching relationship information in the file may include current location information of a content corresponding to a content identifier. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a case that a content is stored m a file together.
  • a file format is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) base media file format
  • metadata are TV-Anytime metadata
  • a content identifier used in the TV-Anytime metadata is CRID.
  • ISO base media file format An ISO base media file is formed of objects called boxes, and all data are described m the boxes.
  • a box object includes size information and type information. Size represents the size of data included in a box in a byte number. Type denotes a box identifier formed of four letters. Therefore, it is possible to easily search for the location of a box including desired information by the size information and the type information.
  • a box includes a moov box and an mdat box. The moov box and the mdat box include metadata and media data, respectively. Metadata do not include media data and it is referred to for description.
  • An ISO base media file includes a moov type box having metadata for media stream and an mdat type box having actual media data.
  • An ISO base media file format defines a track and a sample. Track represents temporal flow of media and it is formed of sample and sample description. Sample denotes a small unit such as a frame of video. Sample description defines information on how samples are to be decoded. The kinds of tracks are divided into video track, audio track and hint track. Video track and audio track include metadata for video and audio, respectively.
  • Hint track describes information on how a streaming server will perform streaming or packetizmg on video and audio samples when the ISO base media file is streamed through streaming protocol. When the video and audio samples are restored, the hint track may be disregarded. Fig.
  • FIG. 1 is a block view illustrating a file format structure and a process of generating and consuming a file m accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a collector 104 collects resources resl and res2 101 and 102 and metadata 103, which constitute a content.
  • the resources 101 and 102 and the metadata 103 collected by the collector 104 are inputted to a file handler 105.
  • the metadata 103 may be represented in an Extensible Markup Language (XML) .
  • CRID Content Reference Identifier
  • URL Uniform Resource Locator
  • the resources 101 and 102 and the metadata 103 transmitted to the file handler 105 are stored in an ⁇ mdat' box (not shown) and an ⁇ xml' box 108 of the ISO base media file format, respectively.
  • the file handler 105 generates matching relationship information between the content identifier CRID and an item identifier, a track identifier or a byte position of a resource (which is a content), as shown in Fig. 3. Also, it may generate matching relationship information between a content identifier CRID and a URL, which represents a location where a content is stored.
  • the URL may include information on a world wide web (Web) address .
  • the matching relationship information may be generated m an information generator of a file generating apparatus.
  • the generated matching relationship information is stored in a ⁇ c ⁇ d' box 107.
  • the matching relationship information may be formed in the form of a matching table showing relationship among CRID, an item identifier, a track identifier, or a byte position of a resource (which is a content) .
  • matching relationship information is generated between CRID and an item identifier or a track identifier, the location of the resource is indirectly indicated.
  • matching relationship information is generated between CRID and the byte position of the resource (which is the content), the location of the resource is directly indicated .
  • the file handler 105 generates an ⁇ xml' box 108 including the metadata 103 and a ⁇ c ⁇ d' box 107 including a content described by the metadata 103 and the resources 101 and 102 contained by the content as one file 106, and stores and manages the file 106.
  • a file generator of the file generating apparatus may generate the file 106.
  • the file generating apparatus may be a terminal or a server, and the generated file 106 may be stored in and managed by the terminal or the server.
  • Information in the ⁇ crid' box 107 can be transmitted to a location resolution service entity 113 based on TV-Anytime.
  • Information in the ⁇ xml' box 108 can be transmitted to a metadata service entity 112 and used for consumption of the file 106.
  • the file 106 can include the ⁇ crid' box 107 having the matching relationship information and the ⁇ xml' box 108 having the metadata, as described above.
  • the file may be generated through a process of packaging the v c ⁇ d' box
  • the generated file 106 may be stored in and managed by a terminal or a server.
  • the followings are exemplar syntax that can be stored m the ⁇ crid' box 107.
  • item count specifies the number of item ID pairs and CRID to be stored
  • track_count specifies the number of track ID pairs and CRID to be stored.
  • str_len specifies byte length of a CRID string.
  • CRID string specifies actually stored CRID string.
  • item_ID is a value of item_ID related to its paired CRID string
  • track_ID is a value of track_ID related to its paired CRID string.
  • a user acquires metadata included m the ⁇ xml' box 108 and selects a desired content identifier (CRID) (see 109) .
  • the information in the ⁇ xml' box 108 is transmitted to the metadata service entity 112 based on TV-Anytime, and the user acquires metadata from the metadata service entity 112 based on TV-Anytime and selects a desired content identifier.
  • the metadata service entity 112 based on TV- Anytime may be included m a terminal or a server that generates the file 106, or it may be managed by a separate object.
  • the selected content identifier is transformed into a locator indicating the location of a content or a resource included in the content (see 111) .
  • the locator indicating the location of the resource can be acquired or transformed by using the matching relationship information included in the ⁇ crid' box 107. Also, the information in the ⁇ c ⁇ d' box 107 is transmitted to the location resolution service entity 113 based on TV- Anytime, and a locator indicating the location of a content or a resource included in the content corresponding to the content identifier selected by using the matching relationship information.
  • the locator can be generally represented as a Uniform Resource Identifier
  • Identification scheme to identify a plurality of contents or resources existing in the file 106 is carried out in a location resolution unit of a file consuming apparatus.
  • the acquired locator includes actual physical location information, such as location of the file 106, an item identifier (item ID), a track identifier (track_ID) or byte position which corresponds to a specific content within the file 106.
  • the user can access to the specific content or resource within the file 106 by using the information (see 110) .
  • Accessing to a specific content or resource by using the acquired locator can be performed in a content acquisition unit of the file consuming apparatus.
  • the file consuming apparatus is a device for consuming a content, such as a terminal .
  • DMB-AF Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Application Format
  • the player searches the ⁇ crid' box 107 of the DMB-AF file for an CRID associated with a media track or an item.
  • the player searches TV-Anytime metadata, and displays descriptions related to the CRID.
  • the player suggests content descriptions to the user and the user browses metadata by using Graphic User Interface (GUI) of the player and selects a content the user wants to consume.
  • GUI Graphic User Interface
  • the player searches the ⁇ crid' box to find out an item identifier or a track identifier related to the CRID of the selected content.
  • the method of the present invention described above can be realized as a program and stored m a computer-readable recording medium such as CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks and the like. Since the process can be easily implemented by those skilled m the art to which the present invention pertains, further description will not be provided herein. While the present invention has been described with respect to the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined m the following claims.
  • block diagrams of the present invention should be understood to show a conceptual viewpoint of an exemplary circuit that embodies the principles of the present invention.
  • all the flowcharts, state conversion diagrams, pseudo codes and the like can be expressed substantially in a computer-readable media, and whether or not a computer or a processor is described distinctively, they should be understood to express various processes operated by a computer or a processor.
  • Functions of various devices illustrated in the drawings including a functional block expressed as a processor or a similar concept can be provided not only by using hardware dedicated to the functions, but also by using hardware capable of running proper software for the functions.
  • a function When a function is provided by a processor, the function may be provided by a single dedicated processor, single shared processor, or a plurality of individual processors, part of which can be shared.
  • the file includes the metadata and the matching relationship information.
  • the content may include resources, and the matching relationship information may include a locator.
  • the metadata and the matching relationship information may be generated as files through a packaging process.
  • the matching relationship information includes the content identifier and the location information of the content in the form of a mapping table.
  • the file includes the content, the metadata, and the matching relationship information .
  • the present invention may be applied to general metadata identifying a content by using a URI.
  • Metadata mentioned in the present specification include metadata used m TV-Anytime, MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration
  • IPMP Property Management and Protection
  • a computer-readable recording medium of the present invention defines a format to generate a file including metadata on a content and matching relationship information between a content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and stores a file that can acquire the content corresponding to the content identifier based on the matching relationship information.
  • the file may be generated by using a method of packaging metadata and matching relationship information.
  • a content may include resources and metadata may include a content identifier.
  • the content identifier may be a Contents Reference Identifier (CRID) or a Universal Unique Identifier (UUID) .
  • CRID Contents Reference Identifier
  • UUID Universal Unique Identifier
  • the matching relationship information stores information on a content identifier and location information of a content corresponding to the content identifier in a mapped form.
  • the location information of the content may include current location information of the content, and it may be stored m the form of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) .
  • URL Uniform Resource Locator
  • the file may further include the content.
  • a method of packaging the content, metadata, and matching relationship information into one file is used to generate the file.
  • Location information may include an item identifier (item_ID) or a track identifier (track ID) of an ISO base media file format for a content. In case where an item identifier (item ID) or a track identifier (track_ID) is used, the location of the content can be identified indirectly.
  • the location information may include byte position information for the content. Byte position information is used to directly identify the location of the content or resources included m the file. Byte position information may include offset information for specifying the starting position of a corresponding content or resource and length information for specifying the length from the starting position.
  • the matching relationship information stores a mapping table including a content identifier and an item identifier, a track identifier, or byte position information .
  • a file generation method of the present invention includes generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content and generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.
  • the location information may include current location information of the content.
  • the file may further include the content.
  • the location information may include an item identifier or a track identifier of an ISO base media file format for the content. Also, the location information may include byte position information for the content.
  • a file generating apparatus of the present invention includes information generator for generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content and a file generator for generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.
  • the location information may include current location information of the content .
  • the file may further include the content.
  • the location information may include an item identifier or a track identifier of an ISO base media file format for the content. Also, the location information may include byte position information for the content. Since details related to the generation of a file have been explained in the ⁇ Structure of File Format> part, they will not be described herein.
  • a file consuming method of the present invention includes selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content, acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and acquiring the content based on the location information.
  • the metadata and the matching relationship information are included in a file.
  • the location information may include current location information of the content.
  • the file may further include the content.
  • a method of identifying the content included in the file such as MPEG-21 Part 17 Fragment Identification scheme, may be used to acquire the location information of the content.
  • the location information may include an item identifier or a track identifier of an ISO base media file format for the content.
  • the location information may include byte position information for the content.
  • a file consuming apparatus of the present invention includes a location resolution unit for selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content and acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and a content acquisition unit for acquiring the content based on the location information.
  • the metadata and the matching relationship information are included in a file.
  • the location information may include current location information of the content.
  • the present invention is used for generation and consumption of a file that can detect the location of a content by using metadata using a content identifier.

Abstract

Provided are file generating and consuming methods and apparatuses, and a computer-readable recording medium. The method for generating a file includes: generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content; and generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.

Description

DESCRIPTION
METHOD FOR GENERATING AND CONSUMING A FILE AND APPARATUS THEREOF AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to methods for generating and consuming a file, apparatuses therefor, and a computer-readable recording medium.
This work was supported by the IT R&D program of MIC/IITA [2006-S-082-02, "Development of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting Technology for Personalized Broadcasting"] .
BACKGROUND ART According to conventional technology, a content identifier of each metadata should be sought for individually and transformed into a locator capable of finding the location of the content within a file, when metadata using a content identifier (ID) are stored with contents. This is the case where a content identifier like TV-Anytime is used in a file format such as an
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) file.
With the conventional technology, metadata should be updated when the location of the content within a file is not accurately figured out or whenever the location of a content changes. This is inconvenient. Moreover, in case of metadata standard where a content identifier, such as contents reference identifier (CRID) , should be necessarily used m a metadata schema like TV-Anytime, there is a problem in that a metadata document cannot be stored in a file without violating a schema grammar.
DISCLOSURE TECHNICAL PROBLEM In order to overcome the problem of the conventional technology, the present invention stores matching relationship information between location information of a content and a content identifier together in a file, when metadata are stored xn the file. Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood by the following description, and become apparent with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Also, it is obvious to those skilled in the art of the present invention that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means as claimed and combinations thereof.
TECHNICAL SOLUTION In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for generating a file, including: generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content; and generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for generating a file, including: an information generator for generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content; and a file generator for generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for consuming a file, including: selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content; acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content; and acquiring the content based on the location information, wherein the metadata and the matching relationship information are included m a file.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for consuming a file, including: a location resolution unit for selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content and acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content; and a content acquisition unit for acquiring the content based on the location information, wherein the metadata and the matching relationship information are included in a file.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable recording medium, which defines a format to generate a file including metadata on a content and matching relationship information between a content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and stores a file capable of acquiring the content corresponding to the content identifier based on the matching relationship information.
The advantages, features and aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, which is set forth hereinafter. Accordingly, the technological concept of the present invention can be easily implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Also, when it is considered that detailed description on a related art may obscure a point of the present invention, the description will not be provided herein. Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings .
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS
The technology of the present invention can separately process authoring metadata and generating a file from each other. Also, when the location of a content is changed, the technology of the present invention can cope with the change by simply modifying a table without updating the metadata .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a block view illustrating a file format structure and a process of generating and consuming a file in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 exemplarily illustrates information transmitted to a file handler in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 exemplifies information included m matching relationship information in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
BEST MODE
Hereafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings .
In the specific embodiments of the present invention, when a content and metadata for the content are stored together in a file, matching relationship information is stored together m the file. The matching relationship information is information mapping a content identifier for a content to be stored to a locator for positioning the content in the file. The matching relationship information included m the file is used to determine location the location of the content stored m the file. This is referred to as location resolution. Therefore, it is possible to access to the content m the file by using a content identifier.
However, even when a content is not stored in a file, matching relationship information in the file may include current location information of a content corresponding to a content identifier. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a case that a content is stored m a file together.
In the embodiments of the present invention, it is assumed that a file format is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) base media file format, and metadata are TV-Anytime metadata, and a content identifier used in the TV-Anytime metadata is CRID. First, the core concept of the ISO base media file format will be briefly described. An ISO base media file is formed of objects called boxes, and all data are described m the boxes. A box object includes size information and type information. Size represents the size of data included in a box in a byte number. Type denotes a box identifier formed of four letters. Therefore, it is possible to easily search for the location of a box including desired information by the size information and the type information. A box includes a moov box and an mdat box. The moov box and the mdat box include metadata and media data, respectively. Metadata do not include media data and it is referred to for description.
An ISO base media file includes a moov type box having metadata for media stream and an mdat type box having actual media data. An ISO base media file format defines a track and a sample. Track represents temporal flow of media and it is formed of sample and sample description. Sample denotes a small unit such as a frame of video. Sample description defines information on how samples are to be decoded. The kinds of tracks are divided into video track, audio track and hint track. Video track and audio track include metadata for video and audio, respectively. Hint track describes information on how a streaming server will perform streaming or packetizmg on video and audio samples when the ISO base media file is streamed through streaming protocol. When the video and audio samples are restored, the hint track may be disregarded. Fig. 1 is a block view illustrating a file format structure and a process of generating and consuming a file m accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 1, a collector 104 collects resources resl and res2 101 and 102 and metadata 103, which constitute a content. The resources 101 and 102 and the metadata 103 collected by the collector 104 are inputted to a file handler 105. The metadata 103 may be represented in an Extensible Markup Language (XML) .
In Fig. 1, when the resources 101 and 102 and the metadata 103 are delivered to the file handler 105, a Content Reference Identifier (CRID) , which is a content identifier, and a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), which indicates the location where the content is stored, are transmitted together to supplement the operation of the file handler 105.
The resources 101 and 102 and the metadata 103 transmitted to the file handler 105 are stored in an Λmdat' box (not shown) and an λxml' box 108 of the ISO base media file format, respectively. Herein, the file handler 105 generates matching relationship information between the content identifier CRID and an item identifier, a track identifier or a byte position of a resource (which is a content), as shown in Fig. 3. Also, it may generate matching relationship information between a content identifier CRID and a URL, which represents a location where a content is stored. In this case, the URL may include information on a world wide web (Web) address .
The matching relationship information may be generated m an information generator of a file generating apparatus. The generated matching relationship information is stored in a λcπd' box 107. The matching relationship information may be formed in the form of a matching table showing relationship among CRID, an item identifier, a track identifier, or a byte position of a resource (which is a content) . When matching relationship information is generated between CRID and an item identifier or a track identifier, the location of the resource is indirectly indicated. When matching relationship information is generated between CRID and the byte position of the resource (which is the content), the location of the resource is directly indicated .
The file handler 105 generates an λxml' box 108 including the metadata 103 and a λcπd' box 107 including a content described by the metadata 103 and the resources 101 and 102 contained by the content as one file 106, and stores and manages the file 106. A file generator of the file generating apparatus may generate the file 106. The file generating apparatus may be a terminal or a server, and the generated file 106 may be stored in and managed by the terminal or the server. Information in the λcrid' box 107 can be transmitted to a location resolution service entity 113 based on TV-Anytime. Information in the λxml' box 108 can be transmitted to a metadata service entity 112 and used for consumption of the file 106.
When the content or the resources 101 and 102 included in the content are positioned in the file 106, the file 106 can include the Λcrid' box 107 having the matching relationship information and the λxml' box 108 having the metadata, as described above. The file may be generated through a process of packaging the vcπd' box
107 and the Λxml' box 108. The generated file 106 may be stored in and managed by a terminal or a server.
The followings are exemplar syntax that can be stored m the λcrid' box 107.
aligned(δ) class CridBox extends Box ('uuid', 'crid') { int i ; uns i gned i nt ( 16 ) it em_count ; unsigned int (16) track_count; for (i=0; i<item_count; i++) { unsigned int (16) item_ID; // item_ID associated with the CRID unsigned int (16) str_len; // byte length of the
CRID string byte[str_len] CRID_string; // CRID string
} for (i=0; i<track_count ; i++) { unsigned int (32) track_ID; // track_ID associated with the
CRID unsigned int (16) str_len! // byte length of the
CRID string byte[str_len] CRID_string; // CRID string }
I
Herein, item count specifies the number of item ID pairs and CRID to be stored, and track_count specifies the number of track ID pairs and CRID to be stored. Also, str_len specifies byte length of a CRID string. CRID string specifies actually stored CRID string. In addition, item_ID is a value of item_ID related to its paired CRID string, and track_ID is a value of track_ID related to its paired CRID string.
Hereafter, consumption of the generated file 106 will be described.
In the first place, a user acquires metadata included m the λxml' box 108 and selects a desired content identifier (CRID) (see 109) . Herein, the information in the Λxml' box 108 is transmitted to the metadata service entity 112 based on TV-Anytime, and the user acquires metadata from the metadata service entity 112 based on TV-Anytime and selects a desired content identifier. The metadata service entity 112 based on TV- Anytime may be included m a terminal or a server that generates the file 106, or it may be managed by a separate object.
The selected content identifier is transformed into a locator indicating the location of a content or a resource included in the content (see 111) . The locator indicating the location of the resource can be acquired or transformed by using the matching relationship information included in the λcrid' box 107. Also, the information in the λcπd' box 107 is transmitted to the location resolution service entity 113 based on TV- Anytime, and a locator indicating the location of a content or a resource included in the content corresponding to the content identifier selected by using the matching relationship information. The locator can be generally represented as a Uniform Resource Identifier
(URI) , but it is possible to use a scheme such as Moving
Picture Experts Group (MPEG) 21 Part 17 Fragment
Identification scheme to identify a plurality of contents or resources existing in the file 106. Location resolution is carried out in a location resolution unit of a file consuming apparatus.
The acquired locator includes actual physical location information, such as location of the file 106, an item identifier (item ID), a track identifier (track_ID) or byte position which corresponds to a specific content within the file 106. The user can access to the specific content or resource within the file 106 by using the information (see 110) . Accessing to a specific content or resource by using the acquired locator can be performed in a content acquisition unit of the file consuming apparatus. The file consuming apparatus is a device for consuming a content, such as a terminal . To take a usage example, when a user wants to see information describing a media being shown in a Digital Multimedia Broadcasting-Application Format (DMB-AF) player, the player searches the Λcrid' box 107 of the DMB-AF file for an CRID associated with a media track or an item. The player searches TV-Anytime metadata, and displays descriptions related to the CRID.
When TV-Anytime metadata included in the DMB-AF file are used, the player suggests content descriptions to the user and the user browses metadata by using Graphic User Interface (GUI) of the player and selects a content the user wants to consume. The player searches the λcrid' box to find out an item identifier or a track identifier related to the CRID of the selected content.
The method of the present invention described above can be realized as a program and stored m a computer-readable recording medium such as CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, floppy disks, hard disks, magneto-optical disks and the like. Since the process can be easily implemented by those skilled m the art to which the present invention pertains, further description will not be provided herein. While the present invention has been described with respect to the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined m the following claims.
MODE FOR THE INVENTION
Following description exemplifies only the principles of the present invention. Even if they are not described or illustrated clearly in the present specification, one of ordinary skill in the art can embody the principles of the present invention and invent various apparatuses within the concept and scope of the present invention. The use of the conditional terms and embodiments presented in the present specification are intended only to make the concept of the present invention understood, and they are not limited to the embodiments and conditions mentioned in the specification. Also, all the detailed description on the principles, viewpoints and embodiments and particular embodiments of the present invention should be understood to include structural and functional equivalents to them. The equivalents include not only currently known equivalents but also those to be developed m future, that is, all devices invented to perform the same function, regardless of their structures.
For example, block diagrams of the present invention should be understood to show a conceptual viewpoint of an exemplary circuit that embodies the principles of the present invention. Similarly, all the flowcharts, state conversion diagrams, pseudo codes and the like can be expressed substantially in a computer-readable media, and whether or not a computer or a processor is described distinctively, they should be understood to express various processes operated by a computer or a processor.
Functions of various devices illustrated in the drawings including a functional block expressed as a processor or a similar concept can be provided not only by using hardware dedicated to the functions, but also by using hardware capable of running proper software for the functions. When a function is provided by a processor, the function may be provided by a single dedicated processor, single shared processor, or a plurality of individual processors, part of which can be shared.
The apparent use of a term, 'processor' , 'control' or similar concept, should not be understood to exclusively refer to a piece of hardware capable of running software, but should be understood to include a digital signal processor (DSP), hardware, and ROM, RAM and non-volatile memory for storing software, implicatively . Other known and commonly used hardware may be included therein, too. In the claims of the present specification, an element expressed as a means for performing a function described in the detailed description is intended to include all methods for performing the function including all formats of software, such as combinations of circuits for performing the intended function, firmware/microcode and the like.
To perform the intended function, the element is cooperated with a proper circuit for performing the software. The present invention defined by claims includes diverse means for performing particular functions, and the means are connected with each other in a method requested xn the claims. Therefore, any means that can provide the function should be understood to be an equivalent to what is figured out from the present specification. The objects, features and advantages of the present invention described above may be apparent from the following detailed description. Accordingly, those skilled m the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement the technological concept of the present invention. Also, when it is considered that detailed description of a related art may obscure a point of the present invention, the description will not be provided. Hereafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings .
According to the present invention, when metadata using a content identifier (ID) of a content is stored in a file, matching relationship information between the content identifier and location information of the content is stored together in the file to directly or indirectly inform the content identifier used m the metadata and the location where the content is stored. In this case, the file includes the metadata and the matching relationship information. The content may include resources, and the matching relationship information may include a locator. The metadata and the matching relationship information may be generated as files through a packaging process. The matching relationship information includes the content identifier and the location information of the content in the form of a mapping table.
Meanwhile, when metadata using a content identifier is stored in a file along with a content, matching relationship information having information on the relationship between a content identifier and location information of the content are stored m the file to directly or indirectly inform the content identifier used in the metadata and the location where the content is stored. In this case, the file includes the content, the metadata, and the matching relationship information .
The present invention may be applied to general metadata identifying a content by using a URI. Metadata mentioned in the present specification include metadata used m TV-Anytime, MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration
(DID), Rights Expression Language (REL), Intellectual
Property Management and Protection (IPMP) and the like.
Hereafter, a structure of a file format, generation of a file, and consumption of a file will be described m accordance with the present invention.
<Structure of File Format>
A computer-readable recording medium of the present invention defines a format to generate a file including metadata on a content and matching relationship information between a content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and stores a file that can acquire the content corresponding to the content identifier based on the matching relationship information. The file may be generated by using a method of packaging metadata and matching relationship information. A content may include resources and metadata may include a content identifier. The content identifier may be a Contents Reference Identifier (CRID) or a Universal Unique Identifier (UUID) . When the content is positioned out of the file, the file includes metadata and matching relationship information. The matching relationship information stores information on a content identifier and location information of a content corresponding to the content identifier in a mapped form. Herein, the location information of the content may include current location information of the content, and it may be stored m the form of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) . If the matching relationship information is stored in a file along with the metadata for a content, a process of finding a content identifier existing m the metadata individually and transforming the content identifier into a locator whose form is identifiable m the file can be omitted. Also, even though the location of the content is changed, the method of the present invention can cope with the change by simply modifying a table, discarding a difficulty of updating the metadata one by one.
The file may further include the content. In this case, a method of packaging the content, metadata, and matching relationship information into one file is used to generate the file. Location information may include an item identifier (item_ID) or a track identifier (track ID) of an ISO base media file format for a content. In case where an item identifier (item ID) or a track identifier (track_ID) is used, the location of the content can be identified indirectly. When the file includes the content, the location information may include byte position information for the content. Byte position information is used to directly identify the location of the content or resources included m the file. Byte position information may include offset information for specifying the starting position of a corresponding content or resource and length information for specifying the length from the starting position.
Therefore, it is possible to store a metadata document following a schema grammar in a file along with a content in conformity to the metadata standard where a content identifier should be used in metadata schema.
The matching relationship information stores a mapping table including a content identifier and an item identifier, a track identifier, or byte position information .
<Generation of File>
A file generation method of the present invention includes generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content and generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information. Herein, the location information may include current location information of the content.
Meanwhile, the file may further include the content. In this case, the location information may include an item identifier or a track identifier of an ISO base media file format for the content. Also, the location information may include byte position information for the content.
The generation of the file may be performed m a terminal or a server. A file generating apparatus of the present invention includes information generator for generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content and a file generator for generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information. Herein, the location information may include current location information of the content .
Meanwhile, the file may further include the content. In this case, the location information may include an item identifier or a track identifier of an ISO base media file format for the content. Also, the location information may include byte position information for the content. Since details related to the generation of a file have been explained in the <Structure of File Format> part, they will not be described herein.
<Consumption of File> A file consuming method of the present invention includes selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content, acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and acquiring the content based on the location information. The metadata and the matching relationship information are included in a file. Herein, the location information may include current location information of the content.
Meanwhile, the file may further include the content. A method of identifying the content included in the file, such as MPEG-21 Part 17 Fragment Identification scheme, may be used to acquire the location information of the content. In this case, the location information may include an item identifier or a track identifier of an ISO base media file format for the content. Also, the location information may include byte position information for the content. A file consuming apparatus of the present invention includes a location resolution unit for selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content and acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and a content acquisition unit for acquiring the content based on the location information. The metadata and the matching relationship information are included in a file. Herein, the location information may include current location information of the content.
Meanwhile, the file may further include the content. A method of identifying the content included in the file, such as MPEG-21 Part 17 Fragment Identification scheme, may be used to acquire the location information of the content. In this case, the location information may include an item identifier or a track identifier of an ISO base media file format for the content. Also, the location information may include byte position information for the content.
Since and details related to the consumption of a file have been explained in the <Structure of File Format> part, they will not be described herein.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The present invention is used for generation and consumption of a file that can detect the location of a content by using metadata using a content identifier.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS
1. A method for generating a file, comprising: generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content; and generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the location information includes current location information of the content .
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the file further includes the content.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the location information includes an item identifier or a track identifier of an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Base Media File Format for the content.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the location information includes byte position information for the content .
6. An apparatus for generating a file, comprising: an information generator for generating matching relationship information between a content identifier of a content and location information of the content; and a file generator for generating a file including metadata for the content and the matching relationship information.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the location information includes current location information of the content .
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the file further includes the content.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the location information includes an item identifier or a track identifier of an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Base Media File Format for the content .
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the location information includes byte position information for the content .
11. A method for consuming a file, comprising: selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content; acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content; and acquiring the content based on the location information, wherein the metadata and the matching relationship information are included in a file.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the location information includes current location information of the content .
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the file further includes the content, and a method of identifying the content included in the file is used to acquire the location information of the content.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the location information includes an item identifier or a track identifier of an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Base Media File Format for the content .
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the location information includes byte position information for the content.
16. An apparatus for consuming a file, comprising : a location resolution unit for selecting a content identifier of a content from metadata of the content and acquiring location information of the content corresponding to the content identifier by using matching relationship information between the content identifier of the content and location information of the content; and a content acquisition unit for acquiring the content based on the location information, wherein the metadata and the matching relationship information are included m a file.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the location information includes current location information of the content.
18. The apparatus of claxm 16, wherein the file further includes the content, and the location resolution unit uses a method of identifying the content included in the file.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the location information includes an item identifier or a track identifier of an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Base Media File Format for the content .
20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the location information includes byte position information for the content .
21. A computer-readable recording medium, which defines a format to generate a file including metadata on a content and matching relationship information between a content identifier of the content and location information of the content, and stores a file capable of acquiring the content corresponding to the content identifier based on the matching relationship information.
22. The computer-readable recording medium of claim 21, wherein the location information includes current location information of the content.
23. The computer-readable recording medium of claim 21, wherein the file further includes the content.
24. The computer-readable recording medium of claim 21, wherein the location information includes an item identifier or a track identifier of an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Base Media File Format for the content .
25. The computer-readable recording medium of claim 21, wherein the location information includes byte position information for the content.
PCT/KR2008/005811 2007-10-16 2008-10-02 Method for generating and consuming a file and apparatus thereof and computer readable medium WO2009051360A1 (en)

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CN101903904A (en) 2010-12-01

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