WO2010045097A1 - Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations - Google Patents
Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010045097A1 WO2010045097A1 PCT/US2009/060090 US2009060090W WO2010045097A1 WO 2010045097 A1 WO2010045097 A1 WO 2010045097A1 US 2009060090 W US2009060090 W US 2009060090W WO 2010045097 A1 WO2010045097 A1 WO 2010045097A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- conduit
- heat transfer
- transfer fluid
- heater
- formation
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2401—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection by means of electricity
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
- E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C3/00—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2405—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection in association with fracturing or crevice forming processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
- H05B2214/03—Heating of hydrocarbons
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
- Y10T29/49083—Heater type
Definitions
- treating a subsurface formation is performed using any of the methods, systems, or heaters described herein.
- additional features may be added to the specific embodiments described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
- FIG. 3 depicts a schematic representation of an embodiment of an L-shaped heater for use with a heat transfer fluid circulation system for heating a portion of a formation.
- FIG. 7 depicts a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a conduit-in-conduit heater adjacent to the overburden.
- a "heater” is any system or heat source for generating heat in a well or a near wellbore region.
- Heaters may be, but are not limited to, electric heaters, burners, combustors that react with material in or produced from a formation, and/or combinations thereof.
- Heavy hydrocarbons may be found in a relatively permeable formation.
- the relatively permeable formation may include heavy hydrocarbons entrained in, for example, sand or carbonate.
- "Relatively permeable” is defined, with respect to formations or portions thereof, as an average permeability of 10 millidarcy or more (for example, 10 or 100 millidarcy).
- "Relatively low permeability” is defined, with respect to formations or portions thereof, as an average permeability of less than about 10 millidarcy.
- One darcy is equal to about 0.99 square micrometers.
- An impermeable layer generally has a permeability of less than about 0.1 millidarcy.
- Hydrocarbon fluids may include, entrain, or be entrained in non- hydrocarbon fluids such as hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, water, and ammonia.
- An "in situ conversion process” refers to a process of heating a hydrocarbon containing formation from heat sources to raise the temperature of at least a portion of the formation above a pyrolysis temperature so that pyrolyzation fluid is produced in the formation.
- Pyrolyzation fluids or "pyrolysis products” refers to fluid produced substantially during pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. Fluid produced by pyrolysis reactions may mix with other fluids in a formation. The mixture would be considered pyrolyzation fluid or pyrolyzation product.
- pyrolysis zone refers to a volume of a formation (for example, a relatively permeable formation such as a tar sands formation) that is reacted or reacting to form a pyrolyzation fluid.
- “Upgrade” refers to increasing the quality of hydrocarbons. For example, upgrading heavy hydrocarbons may result in an increase in the API gravity of the heavy hydrocarbons.
- “Visbreaking” refers to the untangling of molecules in fluid during heat treatment and/or to the breaking of large molecules into smaller molecules during heat treatment, which results in a reduction of the viscosity of the fluid.
- the pressure in the heated portion may increase as a result of thermal expansion of in situ fluids, increased fluid generation and vaporization of water. Controlling rate of fluid removal from the formation may allow for control of pressure in the formation. Pressure in the formation may be determined at a number of different locations, such as near or at production wells, near or at heat sources, or at monitor wells. [0071] In some hydrocarbon containing formations, production of hydrocarbons from the formation is inhibited until at least some hydrocarbons in the formation have been mobilized and/or pyrolyzed. Formation fluid may be produced from the formation when the formation fluid is of a selected quality. In some embodiments, the selected quality includes an API gravity of at least about 20°, 30°, or 40°.
- heat transfer fluid circulation system 202 may include heat supply 204, first heat exchanger 206, second heat exchanger 208, and fluid movers 210.
- Heat supply 204 heats the heat transfer fluid to a high temperature.
- Heat supply 204 may be a furnace, solar collector, chemical reactor, nuclear reactor, fuel cell, and/or other high temperature source able to supply heat to the heat transfer fluid. If the heat transfer fluid is a gas, fluid movers 210 may be compressors. If the heat transfer fluid is a liquid, fluid movers 210 may be pumps.
- first heat exchanger 206 transfers heat between heat transfer fluid exiting formation 212 and heat transfer fluid exiting fluid movers 210 to raise the temperature of the heat transfer fluid that enters heat supply 204 and reduce the temperature of the fluid exiting formation 212.
- Second heat exchanger 208 further reduces the temperature of the heat transfer fluid.
- second heat exchanger 208 includes or is a storage tank for the heat transfer fluid.
- the temperature of the molten salt solution is raised to above 100 0 C.
- substantially or all of the remaining secondary heat transfer fluid for example, water
- the temperature of the molten salt solution during the evaporation process ranges from 100 0 C to 250 0 C.
- inner conduit 304 may be made of a relatively inexpensive material such as carbon steel. In some embodiments, inner conduit 304 is made of material that survives through an initial early stage of the heat treatment process. Outer conduit 302 may be made of material resistant to corrosion by the molten salt and formation fluid (for example, P91 steel).
- heating the treatment area using liquid heat transfer fluid flowing in annular region 306 between outer conduit 302 and inner conduit 304 may have certain advantages over flowing the liquid heat transfer fluid through a single conduit.
- Flowing secondary heat transfer fluid through inner conduit 304 may pre-heat heater 200 and ensure flow when liquid heat transfer fluid is first used and/or when flow needs to be restarted after a stop of circulation.
- the large outer surface area of outer conduit 302 provides a large surface area for heat transfer to the formation while the amount of liquid heat transfer fluid needed for the circulation system is reduced because of the presence of inner conduit 304.
- the circulated liquid heat transfer fluid may provide a better power injection rate distribution to the treatment area due to increased velocity of the liquid heat transfer fluid for the same mass flow rate.
- flow switchers 310 to pass the fluid through the annular region while the fluid is adjacent to treatment area 300 promotes increased heat transfer to the treatment area due in part to the large heat transfer area of outer conduit 302.
- Using flow switchers 310 to pass the fluid through the inner conduit when adjacent to overburden 218 may reduce heat losses to the overburden.
- heaters 200 may be insulated adjacent to overburden 218 to reduce heat losses to the formation.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
RU2011119096/03A RU2537712C2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Heating of underground hydrocarbon formations by circulating heat-transfer fluid |
CA2738804A CA2738804A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations |
EP09821044A EP2361342A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations |
JP2011531189A JP5611961B2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Heating of a circulating heat transfer fluid in a subsurface hydrocarbon formation. |
CN200980140452.7A CN102187054B (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations |
AU2009303604A AU2009303604B2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations |
IL211950A IL211950A (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2011-03-27 | Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10497408P | 2008-10-13 | 2008-10-13 | |
US61/104,974 | 2008-10-13 | ||
US16849809P | 2009-04-10 | 2009-04-10 | |
US61/168,498 | 2009-04-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010045097A1 true WO2010045097A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
Family
ID=42097829
Family Applications (7)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2009/060092 WO2010045098A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Circulated heated transfer fluid systems used to treat a subsurface formation |
PCT/US2009/060162 WO2010045115A2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations and the systems, methods, and processes utilized |
PCT/US2009/060100 WO2010045103A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Systems and methods for treating a subsurface formation with electrical conductors |
PCT/US2009/060097 WO2010045101A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Using self-regulating nuclear reactors in treating a subsurface formation |
PCT/US2009/060093 WO2010045099A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Using self-regulating nuclear reactors in treating a subsurface formation |
PCT/US2009/060099 WO2010045102A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Systems and methods of forming subsurface wellbores |
PCT/US2009/060090 WO2010045097A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Circulated heated transfer fluid heating of subsurface hydrocarbon formations |
Family Applications Before (6)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2009/060092 WO2010045098A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Circulated heated transfer fluid systems used to treat a subsurface formation |
PCT/US2009/060162 WO2010045115A2 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Treating subsurface hydrocarbon containing formations and the systems, methods, and processes utilized |
PCT/US2009/060100 WO2010045103A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Systems and methods for treating a subsurface formation with electrical conductors |
PCT/US2009/060097 WO2010045101A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Using self-regulating nuclear reactors in treating a subsurface formation |
PCT/US2009/060093 WO2010045099A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Using self-regulating nuclear reactors in treating a subsurface formation |
PCT/US2009/060099 WO2010045102A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2009-10-09 | Systems and methods of forming subsurface wellbores |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (14) | US8281861B2 (en) |
EP (6) | EP2334900A1 (en) |
JP (6) | JP2012509418A (en) |
CN (5) | CN102187053A (en) |
AU (6) | AU2009303610A1 (en) |
BR (2) | BRPI0920141A2 (en) |
CA (6) | CA2738939A1 (en) |
IL (5) | IL211950A (en) |
RU (6) | RU2518700C2 (en) |
WO (7) | WO2010045098A1 (en) |
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WO2013123488A1 (en) * | 2012-02-18 | 2013-08-22 | Genie Ip B.V. | Method and system for heating a bed of hydrocarbon- containing rocks |
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