WO2011010274A1 - Device for controlling an air cylinder - Google Patents

Device for controlling an air cylinder Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011010274A1
WO2011010274A1 PCT/IB2010/053276 IB2010053276W WO2011010274A1 WO 2011010274 A1 WO2011010274 A1 WO 2011010274A1 IB 2010053276 W IB2010053276 W IB 2010053276W WO 2011010274 A1 WO2011010274 A1 WO 2011010274A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
rod
valve
bolt
chisel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2010/053276
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Bunel
Thierry Duffour
Jacques Libet
Original Assignee
Asco Joucomatic Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=41693127&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2011010274(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Asco Joucomatic Sa filed Critical Asco Joucomatic Sa
Priority to IN556DEN2012 priority Critical patent/IN2012DN00556A/en
Priority to AU2010274613A priority patent/AU2010274613B2/en
Priority to CA2767588A priority patent/CA2767588C/en
Priority to EP10740381.8A priority patent/EP2456986B2/en
Priority to CN2010800328340A priority patent/CN102472302A/en
Publication of WO2011010274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011010274A1/en
Priority to ZA2012/00414A priority patent/ZA201200414B/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/14—Devices for feeding or crust breaking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/26—Locking mechanisms
    • F15B15/261—Locking mechanisms using positive interengagement, e.g. balls and grooves, for locking in the end positions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for controlling a pneumatic cylinder.
  • the context of the invention is that of pneumatic automatisms for the manufacturing industry and the process industries, in particular for aluminum smelters.
  • the invention relates to a control device of a jack and more particularly to a control device of a crusher breaking cylinder.
  • Such crush-breakers are used in steel and aluminum plants to break the surface crust formed on the surface of a molten metal, the break crusher cylinder is then used to form a hole in this crust allowing incorporate additives.
  • the efforts involved can be significant, depending on the thickness and stiffness of the crust formed, it is the same during the ascent of the cylinder to "unhook" the slag and residues glued to the chisel, which requires the use of a large cylinder. If the crust formed is less thick or more friable the maximum breaking stress, or cleaning, will not be reached. As a result, the maximum pressurization will not be necessary in this case and a lower pressure will allow a reduction in consumption and thus a significant source energy saving.
  • AU 27128/84 describes such a control device using a 5/2 distributor, a pressure reduction valve and a 3/2 valve controlled directly by a programmable industrial controller.
  • a sensor can detect the end of the thrust and inform the controller.
  • the present invention aims in particular to provide a control device of a cylinder for achieving energy savings, including the adaptation of the feed pressure to the effort just needed to break the crust and back up the cylinder by cleaning the chisel.
  • a device for controlling a crusher-breaking pneumatic cylinder comprising a distributor and a valve, the jack being arranged vertically, above the surface of a molten metal, the rod of the jack equipped with a pointerolle being arranged facing the surface of the metal, is characterized in that it comprises a mechanical locking means of the cylinder rod in the upper position, allowing maintenance of the rod of the cylinder without the use of pneumatic energy.
  • the mechanical locking means may comprise a bolt adapted to cooperate with a stop means provided on a finger integral with the rod of the jack.
  • the stop means may be a groove or a shoulder.
  • the bolt may include an orifice in which can penetrate the finger.
  • the device also comprises a valve equipped with a mechanical sensor.
  • the mechanical sensor may be a feeler.
  • the probe can cooperate with an inclined surface provided on a trigger adapted to cooperate with the rod.
  • the device is integrated in the cylinder body.
  • the device can allow the adaptation of the supply pressure to the force just needed to break a resistance and reassemble the cylinder by breaking any friction forces of the application.
  • the device may comprise means for detecting the low position of the rod by electrical contact between the chisel and the metal.
  • the exhaust valve can include a flow limiter.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of the connections of the elements of a device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the bottom of a cylinder according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III of FIG. 2 illustrating an embodiment of the locking device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2 illustrating an embodiment according to the invention of a 3/2 valve and its mechanical trigger finger, and
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the cylinder bottom of FIG. 2.
  • the control device is shown schematically in FIG. 1. It is possible to see the jack 1 comprising a rod 2 integral with a piston 3.
  • the jack comprises in the lower part an orifice 4 and in the upper part an orifice 5.
  • the lower end 2 of the rod is integral with a chisel 6.
  • the upper part of the piston 3 comprises a finger 7 provided with a groove 7a.
  • the groove 7a is adapted to cooperate with the bolt 8a mu by the spring 15 of a locking device 8.
  • the chisel is above the surface M of the molten metal.
  • the surface M of the molten metal is electrically connected to the control part of a control device 10 via an automaton A.
  • the control device also comprises a 5/2 type distributor 9.
  • a 5/2 type distributor 9 In the position shown in FIG. 1, where the slide is in the position 9b, the pressure inlet of the distributor 9 feeds a 3/2 valve 11, whereas the orifice 5 of the cylinder 1 is connected to the exhaust valve of the distributor 9 In the other position 9a of the distributor 9, the pressure inlet supplies the orifice 5, the orifice 4 being exhausted.
  • the valve 11 is shown in a position where the slide is in a position 11c allowing the exhaust of the lower chamber of the cylinder 1 through the orifice 4
  • the distributor 9, the locking device 8 and the valve 11 are controlled by the control device 10.
  • the cylinder is then at rest in the high position.
  • the control device is shown in FIG. 1 with its drawer in a position 10b where the pressure supply is blocked while the pipe to the locking device 8, the distributor 9 and the valve 11 is exhausted. In another position 10a, the pipe towards the locking device 8, the distributor 9 and the valve 11 is connected to the pressure inlet.
  • valve 11 can also be controlled mechanically by means of a probe 11a.
  • the control device 10 makes it possible to cause the slide of the valve 11 to be lowered, but the probe 11a is able, in contact with the piston 3, to control the raising of the slide of the valve 11.
  • the piston 3 is represented at the end of the upward stroke and therefore actuates the probe 11a causing the displacement of the slide of the valve 11 towards the position 11c.
  • the orifice 4 is connected to the exhaust valve 11 and the pressure from the distributor 9 is blocked.
  • unlocking causes the lowering of the rod 2 and the chisel 6 under the action of their own weight;
  • valve spool 9 passes to position 9a which allows the upper chamber of the cylinder 1 to be pressurized via the orifice 5.
  • the cylinder 1 is exhausted through the valve 11, the drawer goes to position 11b, connected to the atmosphere by the distributor 9;
  • a second step when the chisel 6 comes into contact with the molten aluminum M, the jack in contact with the aluminum behaves as an electrical contact.
  • the cylinder 1 is made in such a way that there is electrical continuity between the chisel 6 and the rear bottom of the cylinder.
  • a metal bearing not shown, is used and when the chisel 6 comes into contact with the aluminum M, an electrical signal can feed a controller A and cause the shutdown of the control device 10 and its passage in position 10b .
  • the orifice 4 is then connected to the supply of the distributor 9 through the valve 11.
  • the rod 2 and the chisel 6 then begin their ascent.
  • the piston 3 causes the probe 11 to come back in. Arriving at the top, during the rise, the piston 3 and the rod 7 slightly exceed the engagement of the bolt 8a to ensure the complete tilting of the valve 11 in the position 11 c. This change of state causes the atmosphere of the lower chamber of the breaker cylinder to be vented.
  • control device can be integrated with the cylinder 1.
  • Figures 2 to 5 illustrate an embodiment of the bottom of the cylinder 1, modified to accommodate the control device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 have can see the finger 7, slidably mounted in a housing 13 provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1, which has a thread in its upper part for attachment to the piston 3.
  • the lower part of the finger 7 has a shoulder 7b which makes as a means of arrest.
  • the bolt 8a is made in the form of a slide guided in translation, orthogonal to the direction of movement of the finger 7, in a second housing 14 provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1 and made in the form of a blind cylindrical orifice.
  • a spring 15 is interposed between the wall of the housing 14 and the bolt 8a while the housing 14 is closed by a plug 16.
  • the bolt 8a comprises an orifice 8b in which can penetrate the finger
  • the orifice 8b has an inner lip 8c adapted to cooperate with the shoulder 7b.
  • Fig. 4 one can see the valve 11 integrated in the bottom of the cylinder 1.
  • the slide valve 20 of the valve 11 and the probe 11a are slidably mounted in a housing provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1 and closed by a plug 21. The probe is not in direct contact with the piston 3 here.
  • a trigger 12 is installed in a housing provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1 and closed by a plug 19 having an orifice allowing the passage of one end of the trigger 12.
  • a spring 18 exerts a force on the trigger 12 tending to maintain the trigger 12 against the plug 19 so that the end of the trigger 12 slightly exceeds the plug 19.
  • the displacement of the trigger is a translational movement along an axis parallel to the direction of movement of the piston 3.
  • the trigger 12 comprises an inclined surface 12a adapted to cooperate with the rounded end of the probe 11a. In this way, when the piston 3 comes into contact with the end of the trigger 12 and causes the trigger 12 to come into its housing, the surface 12a exerts a force on the probe 11a which causes the slide 20 to move. valve 11.
  • This mechanism thus allows the detection of the arrival of the piston 3 in the high position and thus causes the change of state of the valve 11 and the depressurization of the inlet 4 of the piston 1.
  • the exhaust cylinder 1 is oversized.
  • the pressure inlet has a low flow rate so as to avoid a too high pressure rise in the drive chambers. In this way, full pressure can be reached in about 7 seconds. The maximum pressure is about 7 bars. Nevertheless, during the ascent and following the degree of soiling of the chisel, this pressure is often not necessary. Indeed, 1 bar is sufficient for the lift of the cylinder given the weight hitched to the rod. In the descent phase, the rise in pressure takes place only if the resistance of the crust requires it.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for controlling a crust breaker air cylinder (1), said device including a distributor (9) and a valve (11), the cylinder (1) being vertically arranged above the surface (M) of a molten metal, the shaft (2) of the cylinder (1) being provided with a wedge (6) that is arranged opposite the surface (M) of the metal, the device including a means (8) for mechanically locking the shaft (2, 3, 7) of the cylinder (1).

Description

DISPOSITIF DE COMMANDE D'UN VERIN PNEUMATIQUE  DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A PNEUMATIC CYLINDER
La présente invention est relative à un dispositif de commande d'un vérin pneumatique. The present invention relates to a device for controlling a pneumatic cylinder.
Le contexte de l'invention est celui des automatismes pneumatiques pour l'industrie manufacturière et les industries de procédés en particulier pour les alumineries.  The context of the invention is that of pneumatic automatisms for the manufacturing industry and the process industries, in particular for aluminum smelters.
L'invention concerne un dispositif de commande d'un vérin et plus particulièrement un dispositif de commande d'un vérin briseur de croûte. De tels vérins briseurs de croûte sont utilisés dans les installations sidérurgiques et alumineries afin de pouvoir briser la croûte superficielle se formant à la surface d'un métal en fusion, le vérin briseur de croûte est alors utilisé pour former un trou dans cette croûte permettant d'incorporer des additifs. Les efforts mis en œuvre peuvent être importants, suivant l'épaisseur et la rigidité de la croûte formée, il en est de même lors de la remontée du vérin pour « décrocher » les scories et résidus collés à la pointerolle, ce qui nécessite l'utilisation d'un vérin de grande taille. Si la croûte formée est moins épaisse ou plus friable l'effort maximum de rupture, ou de nettoyage, ne sera pas atteint. En conséquence la mise en pression maximum ne sera, dans ce cas, pas nécessaire et une pression moindre permettra une diminution de consommation donc une économie d'énergie source importante.  The invention relates to a control device of a jack and more particularly to a control device of a crusher breaking cylinder. Such crush-breakers are used in steel and aluminum plants to break the surface crust formed on the surface of a molten metal, the break crusher cylinder is then used to form a hole in this crust allowing incorporate additives. The efforts involved can be significant, depending on the thickness and stiffness of the crust formed, it is the same during the ascent of the cylinder to "unhook" the slag and residues glued to the chisel, which requires the use of a large cylinder. If the crust formed is less thick or more friable the maximum breaking stress, or cleaning, will not be reached. As a result, the maximum pressurization will not be necessary in this case and a lower pressure will allow a reduction in consumption and thus a significant source energy saving.
AU 27128/84 décrit un tel dispositif de commande utilisant un distributeur 5/2, une vanne de réduction de pression et une vanne 3/2 pilotés directement par un automate industriel programmable. Un capteur permet de détecter la fin de la poussée et d'en informer l'automate.  AU 27128/84 describes such a control device using a 5/2 distributor, a pressure reduction valve and a 3/2 valve controlled directly by a programmable industrial controller. A sensor can detect the end of the thrust and inform the controller.
Le maintien sous pression d'un tel vérin en permanence engendre donc une consommation très importante de ressources notamment en cas de fuites.  Keeping under pressure such a cylinder permanently generates a very significant consumption of resources especially in case of leaks.
La présente invention a pour but notamment de fournir un dispositif de commande d'un vérin permettant de réaliser une économie d'énergie, notamment par l'adaptation de la pression d'alimentation à l'effort juste nécessaire pour rompre la croûte et remonter le vérin en nettoyant la pointerolle.  The present invention aims in particular to provide a control device of a cylinder for achieving energy savings, including the adaptation of the feed pressure to the effort just needed to break the crust and back up the cylinder by cleaning the chisel.
Selon l'invention, un dispositif de commande d'un vérin pneumatique briseur de croûte comprenant un distributeur et une vanne, le vérin étant disposé verticalement, au dessus de la surface d'un métal en fusion, la tige du vérin équipée d'une pointerolle étant disposée face à la surface du métal, est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moyen de verrouillage mécanique de la tige du vérin en position haute, permettant un maintien de la tige du vérin sans utilisation de l'énergie pneumatique. According to the invention, a device for controlling a crusher-breaking pneumatic cylinder comprising a distributor and a valve, the jack being arranged vertically, above the surface of a molten metal, the rod of the jack equipped with a pointerolle being arranged facing the surface of the metal, is characterized in that it comprises a mechanical locking means of the cylinder rod in the upper position, allowing maintenance of the rod of the cylinder without the use of pneumatic energy.
Le moyen de verrouillage mécanique peut comprendre un pêne apte à coopérer avec un moyen d'arrêt prévu sur un doigt solidaire de la tige du vérin.  The mechanical locking means may comprise a bolt adapted to cooperate with a stop means provided on a finger integral with the rod of the jack.
Le moyen d'arrêt peut être une cannelure ou un épaulement.  The stop means may be a groove or a shoulder.
Le pêne peut comprendre un orifice dans lequel peut pénétrer le doigt.  The bolt may include an orifice in which can penetrate the finger.
Avantageusement le dispositif comprend également une vanne équipée d'un capteur mécanique.  Advantageously, the device also comprises a valve equipped with a mechanical sensor.
Le capteur mécanique peut être un palpeur.  The mechanical sensor may be a feeler.
Le palpeur peut coopérer avec une surface inclinée prévue sur une gâchette apte à coopérer avec la tige.  The probe can cooperate with an inclined surface provided on a trigger adapted to cooperate with the rod.
De manière plus avantageuse, le dispositif est intégré dans le corps du vérin.  More advantageously, the device is integrated in the cylinder body.
Le dispositif peut permettre l'adaptation de la pression d'alimentation à l'effort juste nécessaire pour rompre une résistance et remonter le vérin en rompant les éventuelles forces de frottement de l'application.  The device can allow the adaptation of the supply pressure to the force just needed to break a resistance and reassemble the cylinder by breaking any friction forces of the application.
Le dispositif peut comporter un moyen de détection de la position basse de la tige par contact électrique entre le pointerolle et le métal.  The device may comprise means for detecting the low position of the rod by electrical contact between the chisel and the metal.
L'échappement de la vanne peut comporter un limiteur de débit. The exhaust valve can include a flow limiter.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation préféré avec référence aux dessins annexés mais qui n'a aucun caractère limitatif. Sur ces dessins : Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings but which has no limiting character. On these drawings:
Fig. 1 est un schéma des branchements des éléments d'un dispositif selon l'invention.  Fig. 1 is a diagram of the connections of the elements of a device according to the invention.
Fig. 2 est une vue de dessous du fond d'un vérin selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.  Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the bottom of a cylinder according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 est une coupe transversale selon la ligne Ill-lll de Fig. 2 illustrant un mode de réalisation du dispositif de verrouillage selon l'invention.  Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III of FIG. 2 illustrating an embodiment of the locking device according to the invention.
Fig. 4 est une coupe transversale selon la ligne IV-IV de Fig. 2 illustrant un mode de réalisation selon l'invention d'une vanne 3/2 et de son doigt de déclenchement mécanique, et  Fig. 4 is a cross-section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2 illustrating an embodiment according to the invention of a 3/2 valve and its mechanical trigger finger, and
Fig. 5 est une vue en perspective du fond de vérin de Fig. 2.  Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the cylinder bottom of FIG. 2.
Dans toute la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif selon l'invention, les termes relatifs tels que « supérieur », « inférieur », « avant », « arrière », « horizontal » et « vertical » sont à interpréter lorsque le vérin associé au dispositif D selon l'invention est installé verticalement, la pointerolle étant orientée vers le bas, en situation de fonctionnement. Throughout the following description of an embodiment of a device according to the invention, the relative terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "horizontal" and "vertical" are to be interpreted when the cylinder associated with the device D according to the invention is installed vertically, the chisel pointing downwards, in the operating situation.
Le dispositif de commande est représenté schématiquement sur la figure 1. On peut voir le vérin 1 comportant une tige 2 solidaire d'un piston 3. Le vérin comporte en partie inférieure un orifice 4 et en partie supérieure un orifice 5. L'extrémité inférieure de la tige 2 est solidaire d'une pointerolle 6. La partie supérieure du piston 3 comporte un doigt 7 muni d'une cannelure 7a. La cannelure 7a est apte à coopérer avec le pêne 8a mu par le ressort 15 d'un dispositif de verrouillage 8.  The control device is shown schematically in FIG. 1. It is possible to see the jack 1 comprising a rod 2 integral with a piston 3. The jack comprises in the lower part an orifice 4 and in the upper part an orifice 5. The lower end 2 of the rod is integral with a chisel 6. The upper part of the piston 3 comprises a finger 7 provided with a groove 7a. The groove 7a is adapted to cooperate with the bolt 8a mu by the spring 15 of a locking device 8.
La pointerolle se trouve au dessus de la surface M du métal en fusion. La surface M du métal en fusion est reliée électriquement à la partie commande d'un dispositif de pilotage 10 par l'intermédiaire d'un automate A.  The chisel is above the surface M of the molten metal. The surface M of the molten metal is electrically connected to the control part of a control device 10 via an automaton A.
Le dispositif de commande comporte également un distributeur 9 de type 5/2. Dans la position représentée figure 1 où le tiroir se trouve dans la position 9b, l'arrivée de pression du distributeur 9 alimente une vanne 3/2 11 , tandis que l'orifice 5 du vérin 1 est relié à l'échappement du distributeur 9. Dans l'autre position 9a du distributeur 9, l'arrivée de pression alimente l'orifice 5, l'orifice 4 étant mis à l'échappement.  The control device also comprises a 5/2 type distributor 9. In the position shown in FIG. 1, where the slide is in the position 9b, the pressure inlet of the distributor 9 feeds a 3/2 valve 11, whereas the orifice 5 of the cylinder 1 is connected to the exhaust valve of the distributor 9 In the other position 9a of the distributor 9, the pressure inlet supplies the orifice 5, the orifice 4 being exhausted.
La vanne 11 est représentée dans une position où le tiroir se retrouve dans une position 11 c permettant la mise à l'échappement de la chambre inférieure du vérin 1 par l'intermédiaire de l'orifice 4  The valve 11 is shown in a position where the slide is in a position 11c allowing the exhaust of the lower chamber of the cylinder 1 through the orifice 4
. Le distributeur 9, le dispositif de verrouillage 8 ainsi que la vanne 11 sont commandés par le dispositif de pilotage 10. Le vérin est alors au repos en position haute.  . The distributor 9, the locking device 8 and the valve 11 are controlled by the control device 10. The cylinder is then at rest in the high position.
Le dispositif de pilotage est représenté Fig. 1 avec son tiroir dans une position 10b où l'arrivée de pression est bloquée tandis que la conduite vers le dispositif de verrouillage 8, le distributeur 9 et la vanne 11 est mise à l'échappement. Dans une autre position 10a, la conduite vers le dispositif de verrouillage 8, le distributeur 9 et la vanne 11 est reliée à l'arrivée de pression.  The control device is shown in FIG. 1 with its drawer in a position 10b where the pressure supply is blocked while the pipe to the locking device 8, the distributor 9 and the valve 11 is exhausted. In another position 10a, the pipe towards the locking device 8, the distributor 9 and the valve 11 is connected to the pressure inlet.
Néanmoins, la vanne 11 peut également être pilotée de manière mécanique par l'intermédiaire d'un palpeur 11 a. En effet, le dispositif de pilotage 10 permet de provoquer la descente du tiroir de la vanne 11 mais le palpeur 11 a est apte, au contact du piston 3, à commander la remontée du tiroir de la vanne 11. Sur Fig.1 , le piston 3 est représenté en fin de course ascendante et de ce fait actionne le palpeur 11 a provoquant le déplacement du tiroir de la vanne 11 vers la position 11 c. Dans la position 11 c l'orifice 4 est relié à l'échappement de la vanne 11 et la pression en provenance du distributeur 9 est bloquée. Nevertheless, the valve 11 can also be controlled mechanically by means of a probe 11a. Indeed, the control device 10 makes it possible to cause the slide of the valve 11 to be lowered, but the probe 11a is able, in contact with the piston 3, to control the raising of the slide of the valve 11. In FIG. 1, the piston 3 is represented at the end of the upward stroke and therefore actuates the probe 11a causing the displacement of the slide of the valve 11 towards the position 11c. In the position 11c the orifice 4 is connected to the exhaust valve 11 and the pressure from the distributor 9 is blocked.
Le fonctionnement s'effectue de la manière qui suit.  Operation is as follows.
Dans la position repos, il n'y a pas de pression dans les chambres du vérin. La mise sous tension du dispositif de pilotage 10 et le passage de son tiroir en position 10a a pour conséquence :  In the rest position, there is no pressure in the cylinder chambers. Turning on the control device 10 and the passage of its drawer in position 10a results in:
a) le déverrouillage du dispositif de verrouillage 8 par l'arrivée de pression et la compression du ressort 15 ; ici il faut remarquer que le dispositif est dimensionné de telle manière que ce déverrouillage soit prioritaire, les canaux d'acheminement intégrés dans le fond du vérin 1 sont donc dessinés spécialement afin de permettre ce fonctionnement prioritaire. Le déverrouillage provoque la descente de la tige 2 et de la pointerolle 6 sous l'action de leur propre poids ;  a) unlocking the locking device 8 by the pressure inlet and the compression of the spring 15; here it should be noted that the device is dimensioned such that this unlocking is a priority, the routing channels integrated into the bottom of the cylinder 1 are designed specifically to allow this priority operation. Unlocking causes the lowering of the rod 2 and the chisel 6 under the action of their own weight;
b) le tiroir du distributeur 9 passe en position 9a ce qui permet la mise sous pression de la chambre supérieure du vérin 1 par l'intermédiaire de l'orifice 5. L'échappement du vérin 1 se fait à travers la vanne 11 , dont le tiroir passe en position 11 b, reliée à l'atmosphère par le distributeur 9 ;  b) the valve spool 9 passes to position 9a which allows the upper chamber of the cylinder 1 to be pressurized via the orifice 5. The cylinder 1 is exhausted through the valve 11, the drawer goes to position 11b, connected to the atmosphere by the distributor 9;
c) la tige 2 et la pointerolle 6 poursuivent donc leur descente sous pression dans ce cas comme la chambre inférieure n'est soumise qu'à la pression atmosphérique, la pression dans la chambre supérieure est extrêmement faible.  c) the rod 2 and the chisel 6 therefore continue their descent under pressure in this case as the lower chamber is subjected to atmospheric pressure, the pressure in the upper chamber is extremely low.
Dans un second temps, lorsque la pointerolle 6 vient au contact de l'aluminium M en fusion, le vérin au contact de l'aluminium se comporte comme un contact électrique. En effet, le vérin 1 est réalisé de telle manière qu'il y a continuité électrique entre la pointerolle 6 et le fond arrière du vérin. A cet effet, un palier métallique, non représenté, est utilisé et lorsque la pointerolle 6 arrive au contact de l'aluminium M, un signal électrique peut alimenter un automate A et provoquer la coupure du dispositif de pilotage 10 et son passage en position 10b.  In a second step, when the chisel 6 comes into contact with the molten aluminum M, the jack in contact with the aluminum behaves as an electrical contact. Indeed, the cylinder 1 is made in such a way that there is electrical continuity between the chisel 6 and the rear bottom of the cylinder. For this purpose, a metal bearing, not shown, is used and when the chisel 6 comes into contact with the aluminum M, an electrical signal can feed a controller A and cause the shutdown of the control device 10 and its passage in position 10b .
Ce passage en position 10b provoque le changement d'état du distributeur 9 en position 9b et la mise au repos du dispositif de verrouillage 8. Le dispositif de verrouillage 8 revient donc en position verrouillée où le pêne 8a est sorti sous l'action du ressort 15. La vanne 11 reste en position 11 b.  This passage in position 10b causes the change of state of the distributor 9 in position 9b and the quitting of the locking device 8. The locking device 8 therefore returns to the locked position where the bolt 8a is released under the action of the spring 15. The valve 11 remains in position 11 b.
L'orifice 4 est alors relié à l'alimentation du distributeur 9 à travers la vanne 11. La tige 2 et la pointerolle 6 entament ensuite leur remontée. The orifice 4 is then connected to the supply of the distributor 9 through the valve 11. The rod 2 and the chisel 6 then begin their ascent.
Dans ce cas, comme la chambre supérieure du vérin n'est soumise qu'à une faible pression, la pression dans la chambre inférieure est faible. En fin de course supérieure, la partie supérieure du doigt 7 escamote le pêne 8a du fait de sa forme. Ceci permet la coopération du pêne 8a avec la cannelure In this case, as the upper chamber of the cylinder is subjected to a low pressure, the pressure in the lower chamber is low. At the end of the upper stroke, the upper part of the finger 7 retracts the bolt 8a because of its shape. This allows the cooperation of the bolt 8a with the groove
7a et le blocage de la tige du vérin. 7a and the locking of the cylinder rod.
Par ailleurs, le piston 3 provoque la rentrée du palpeur 11 a. En arrivant en haut, lors de la montée, le piston 3 et la tige 7 dépassent légèrement l'enclenchement du pêne 8a pour assurer le basculement complet de la vanne 11 dans la position 11 c. Ce changement d'état provoque la mise à l'atmosphère de la chambre inférieure du vérin briseur.  On the other hand, the piston 3 causes the probe 11 to come back in. Arriving at the top, during the rise, the piston 3 and the rod 7 slightly exceed the engagement of the bolt 8a to ensure the complete tilting of the valve 11 in the position 11 c. This change of state causes the atmosphere of the lower chamber of the breaker cylinder to be vented.
Puis le piston 3 et la tige 7 effectuent une légère descente pour l'accrochage du pêne qui s'effectue sans choc car un limiteur de débit L prévu sur l'échappement évite une descente brutale du piston 3 jusqu'à la butée de la cannelure 7a contre le pêne.  Then the piston 3 and the rod 7 make a slight descent for the hooking of the bolt which is effected without shock because a flow limiter L provided on the exhaust prevents a sudden lowering of the piston 3 to the stop of the groove 7a against the bolt.
Le système est maintenant stable sans pression et prêt pour la prochaine manœuvre.  The system is now stable without pressure and ready for the next maneuver.
De manière avantageuse, le dispositif de commande peut être intégré au vérin 1. Les figures 2 à 5 illustrent un mode de réalisation du fond du vérin 1 , modifié pour accueillir le dispositif de commande selon l'invention.  Advantageously, the control device can be integrated with the cylinder 1. Figures 2 to 5 illustrate an embodiment of the bottom of the cylinder 1, modified to accommodate the control device according to the invention.
Dans un tel cas, des modes de réalisation respectivement du dispositif de verrouillage 8 et de la vanne 9 sont illustrés Fig 3 et 4.  In such a case, embodiments respectively of the locking device 8 and the valve 9 are illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.
Fig. 3 ont peut voir le doigt 7, monté coulissant dans un logement 13 prévu dans le fond du vérin 1 , qui comporte un filetage dans sa partie supérieure permettant sa fixation sur le piston 3. La partie inférieure du doigt 7 comporte un épaulement 7b qui fait office de moyen d'arrêt.  Fig. 3 have can see the finger 7, slidably mounted in a housing 13 provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1, which has a thread in its upper part for attachment to the piston 3. The lower part of the finger 7 has a shoulder 7b which makes as a means of arrest.
Le pêne 8a est réalisé sous la forme d'un tiroir guidé en translation, orthogonalement à la direction de déplacement du doigt 7, dans un second logement 14 prévu dans le fond du vérin 1 et réalisé sous la forme d'un orifice cylindrique borgne.  The bolt 8a is made in the form of a slide guided in translation, orthogonal to the direction of movement of the finger 7, in a second housing 14 provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1 and made in the form of a blind cylindrical orifice.
Un ressort 15 est interposé entre la paroi du logement 14 et le pêne 8a tandis que le logement 14 est fermé par un bouchon 16. Un pion 17, solidaire du bouchon 16 et monté coulissant dans le pêne 8a, empêche la rotation du pêne 8a.  A spring 15 is interposed between the wall of the housing 14 and the bolt 8a while the housing 14 is closed by a plug 16. A pin 17, integral with the plug 16 and slidably mounted in the bolt 8a, prevents the rotation of the bolt 8a.
Le pêne 8a comprend un orifice 8b dans lequel peut pénétrer le doigt The bolt 8a comprises an orifice 8b in which can penetrate the finger
7. L'orifice 8b présente une lèvre interne 8c apte à coopérer avec l'épaulement 7b. Fig. 4, on peut voir la vanne 11 intégrée dans le fond du vérin 1. Le tiroir 20 de la vanne 11 et le palpeur 11 a sont montés coulissants dans un logement prévu dans le fond du vérin 1 et fermé par un bouchon 21. Le palpeur n'est pas ici en contact direct avec le piston 3. 7. The orifice 8b has an inner lip 8c adapted to cooperate with the shoulder 7b. Fig. 4, one can see the valve 11 integrated in the bottom of the cylinder 1. The slide valve 20 of the valve 11 and the probe 11a are slidably mounted in a housing provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1 and closed by a plug 21. The probe is not in direct contact with the piston 3 here.
Une gâchette 12 est installée dans un logement prévu dans le fond du vérin 1 et fermé par un bouchon 19 comportant un orifice permettant le passage d'une extrémité de la gâchette 12. Un ressort 18 exerce un effort sur la gâchette 12 tendant à maintenir la gâchette 12 contre le bouchon 19 de telle sorte que l'extrémité de la gâchette 12 dépasse légèrement du bouchon 19. Le déplacement de la gâchette est un mouvement de translation selon un axe parallèle à la direction de déplacement du piston 3.  A trigger 12 is installed in a housing provided in the bottom of the cylinder 1 and closed by a plug 19 having an orifice allowing the passage of one end of the trigger 12. A spring 18 exerts a force on the trigger 12 tending to maintain the trigger 12 against the plug 19 so that the end of the trigger 12 slightly exceeds the plug 19. The displacement of the trigger is a translational movement along an axis parallel to the direction of movement of the piston 3.
La gâchette 12 comprend une surface inclinée 12a apte à coopérer avec l'extrémité arrondie du palpeur 11 a. De cette façon lorsque le piston 3 vient au contact de l'extrémité de la gâchette 12 et provoque la rentrée de la gâchette 12 dans son logement, la surface 12a exerce un effort sur le palpeur 11 a qui provoque le déplacement du tiroir 20 de la vanne 11.  The trigger 12 comprises an inclined surface 12a adapted to cooperate with the rounded end of the probe 11a. In this way, when the piston 3 comes into contact with the end of the trigger 12 and causes the trigger 12 to come into its housing, the surface 12a exerts a force on the probe 11a which causes the slide 20 to move. valve 11.
Ce mécanisme permet donc la détection de l'arrivée du piston 3 en position haute et provoque ainsi le changement d'état de la vanne 11 et la mise hors pression de l'entrée 4 du piston 1.  This mechanism thus allows the detection of the arrival of the piston 3 in the high position and thus causes the change of state of the valve 11 and the depressurization of the inlet 4 of the piston 1.
On constate donc l'intérêt de ce dispositif qui permet d'éviter que le système soit maintenu sous pression en dehors des phases de fonctionnement. De manière à éviter toute montée en pression, l'échappement du vérin 1 est surdimensionné. De la même façon, l'arrivée de pression comporte un faible débit de manière à éviter une montée de pression trop importante dans les chambres motrices. De cette façon, on peut atteindre la pleine pression en environ 7 s. La pression maximum est d'environ 7 bars. Néanmoins, lors de la remonté et suivant le degré de salissure de la pointerolle, cette pression n'est souvent pas nécessaire. En effet, 1 bar est suffisant pour la remontée du vérin compte tenu du poids attelé à la tige. En phase de descente, la montée en pression n'a lieu que si la résistance de la croûte le nécessite.  We therefore note the interest of this device that prevents the system is kept under pressure outside the operating phases. In order to avoid any increase in pressure, the exhaust cylinder 1 is oversized. In the same way, the pressure inlet has a low flow rate so as to avoid a too high pressure rise in the drive chambers. In this way, full pressure can be reached in about 7 seconds. The maximum pressure is about 7 bars. Nevertheless, during the ascent and following the degree of soiling of the chisel, this pressure is often not necessary. Indeed, 1 bar is sufficient for the lift of the cylinder given the weight hitched to the rod. In the descent phase, the rise in pressure takes place only if the resistance of the crust requires it.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de commande d'un vérin pneumatique (1 ) briseur de croûte comprenant un distributeur (9) et une vanne (11 ), le vérin (1 ) étant disposé verticalement, au dessus de la surface (M) d'un métal en fusion, la tige (2) du vérin (1 ) équipée d'une pointerolle (6) étant disposée face à la surface (M) du métal, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moyen de verrouillage mécanique (8) de la tige (2, 3, 7) du vérin (1 ) permettant un maintien de la tige du vérin en position haute sans utilisation de l'énergie pneumatique. 1. Control device for a crust breaking pneumatic cylinder (1) comprising a distributor (9) and a valve (11), the cylinder (1) being arranged vertically, above the surface (M) of a metal in fusion, the rod (2) of the jack (1) equipped with a chisel (6) being arranged facing the surface (M) of the metal, characterized in that it comprises a mechanical locking means (8) of the rod (2, 3, 7) of the cylinder (1) for maintaining the cylinder rod in the high position without the use of pneumatic energy.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le moyen de verrouillage mécanique (8) comprend un pêne (8a) apte à coopérer avec un moyen d'arrêt prévu sur un doigt (7) solidaire de la tige (2) du vérin (1 ). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical locking means (8) comprises a bolt (8a) adapted to cooperate with a stop means provided on a finger (7) integral with the rod (2) of the cylinder (1).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'arrêt est une cannelure (7a) ou un épaulement. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the stop means is a groove (7a) or a shoulder.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le pêne (8a) comprend un orifice (8b) dans lequel peut pénétrer le doigt (7). 4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the bolt (8a) comprises an orifice (8b) in which can penetrate the finger (7).
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également une vanne (11 ) équipée d'un capteur mécanique. 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it also comprises a valve (11) equipped with a mechanical sensor.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le capteur mécanique est un palpeur (11 a). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the mechanical sensor is a probe (11a).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le palpeur (11 a) coopère avec une surface inclinée (12a) prévue sur une gâchette (12) apte à coopérer avec la tige (2). 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the probe (11a) cooperates with an inclined surface (12a) provided on a trigger (12) adapted to cooperate with the rod (2).
8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif est intégré dans le corps du vérin (1 ). 8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device is integrated in the body of the cylinder (1).
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif permet l'adaptation de la pression d'alimentation à l'effort juste nécessaire pour rompre une résistance et remonter le vérin (1 ) en rompant les éventuelles forces de frottement de l'application. 9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device allows the adaptation of the supply pressure to the effort just needed to break a resistance and reassemble the cylinder (1), breaking any friction forces of the application.
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un moyen de détection de la position basse de la tige (2) par contact électrique entre le pointerolle (6) et le métal (M). 10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for detecting the lower position of the rod (2) by electrical contact between the chisel (6) and the metal (M).
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'échappement de la vanne (11 ) comporte un limiteur de débit. 11. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust valve (11) comprises a flow limiter.
PCT/IB2010/053276 2009-07-21 2010-07-19 Device for controlling an air cylinder WO2011010274A1 (en)

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AU2010274613A AU2010274613B2 (en) 2009-07-21 2010-07-19 Device for controlling an air cylinder
CA2767588A CA2767588C (en) 2009-07-21 2010-07-19 Device for controlling an air cylinder
EP10740381.8A EP2456986B2 (en) 2009-07-21 2010-07-19 Pneumatic actuator control device
CN2010800328340A CN102472302A (en) 2009-07-21 2010-07-19 Device for controlling an air cylinder
ZA2012/00414A ZA201200414B (en) 2009-07-21 2012-01-18 Device for controlling an air cylinder

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FR0903581A FR2948426B1 (en) 2009-07-21 2009-07-21 DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A PNEUMATIC CYLINDER

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CN (2) CN102472302A (en)
AU (1) AU2010274613B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2767588C (en)
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EP2456986A1 (en) 2012-05-30
IN2012DN00556A (en) 2015-06-12
CN102472302A (en) 2012-05-23
EP2456986B2 (en) 2018-08-29
ZA201200414B (en) 2012-09-26
AU2010274613B2 (en) 2016-03-24
AU2010274613A1 (en) 2012-02-02
CA2767588C (en) 2017-12-05
CN106835198A (en) 2017-06-13
CN106835198B (en) 2021-01-15
CA2767588A1 (en) 2011-01-27
FR2948426A1 (en) 2011-01-28
FR2948426B1 (en) 2011-09-02
EP2456986B1 (en) 2014-02-26

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