WO2012001447A1 - A device that enables deaf people to perceive sound - Google Patents

A device that enables deaf people to perceive sound Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012001447A1
WO2012001447A1 PCT/IB2010/001673 IB2010001673W WO2012001447A1 WO 2012001447 A1 WO2012001447 A1 WO 2012001447A1 IB 2010001673 W IB2010001673 W IB 2010001673W WO 2012001447 A1 WO2012001447 A1 WO 2012001447A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
audio signal
sound
skin
user
analog audio
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2010/001673
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Timothy J. Kingman
Original Assignee
Kingman Timothy J
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kingman Timothy J filed Critical Kingman Timothy J
Priority to PCT/IB2010/001673 priority Critical patent/WO2012001447A1/en
Publication of WO2012001447A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012001447A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Processing of the speech or voice signal to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/06—Transformation of speech into a non-audible representation, e.g. speech visualisation or speech processing for tactile aids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F11/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the ears or hearing sense; Non-electric hearing aids; Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense; Protective devices for the ears, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F11/04—Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense, e.g. through the touch sense
    • A61F11/045—Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense, e.g. through the touch sense using mechanical stimulation of nerves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/016—Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B21/00—Teaching, or communicating with, the blind, deaf or mute
    • G09B21/009—Teaching or communicating with deaf persons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Processing of the speech or voice signal to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/06—Transformation of speech into a non-audible representation, e.g. speech visualisation or speech processing for tactile aids
    • G10L2021/065—Aids for the handicapped in understanding

Definitions

  • a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound
  • the invention involves a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound. In particular, it enables deaf children to hear their own vocal utterances. It thus provides the auditory feedback essential to learning how to produce intelligible speech.
  • a sensorineural deaf child may be enabled to hear sound with a cochlear implant.
  • the quality of the sound transmitted to a deaf person via a cochlear implant lacks the clarity enjoyed by people with normal hearing ability.
  • Implantation requires surgery by a specialist in this field. The surgery is followed by an extended period of speech therapy to accustom the recipient to the sound characteristics of the implant. The cost of the implants is very high (US$30,000 - 50,000).
  • the primary advantage of mis prosthetic approach is the mobility it offers to the recipient.
  • An example of electro-tactile stimulation is the Tickle-Talker. This device relies on electric stimulation of the fingers of the hand. The user must learn to associate the electric stimulations with different frequency ranges of sound in his/her surroundings. The same is true of current vibro-tactile devices.
  • Neither type of tactile hearing aid converts the analog auditory input into a form that a sensorineural deaf person can perceive in the brain as sound.
  • the present invention is a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound which comprises: a microphone configured to receive the analog audio signal from the user and from his or her teacher and output the said analog audio signal; an audio signal processing circuit configured to receive the said analog audio signal and covert it into a time domain amplified signal; at least two piezoelectric transducers configured to receive said time domain amplified signal and by means of which said piezoelectric disks create minute vibrations of the user's skin, which stimulate the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin;
  • the nerve impulses from the Pacinian corpuscles are transmitted to the brain. As the impulses are in the form recognized by the brain as sound, they are perceived by the user as sound.
  • said time domain amplified signal may be modulated onto a carrier wave.
  • the dielectric constant of said piezoelectric transducers is the same as human skin.
  • the transducers are in the shape of a disk, a ball or a cup.
  • Said piezoelectric transducers are made of zirconium titanate ceramic.
  • the device enables deaf people to perceive sound and is used in speech training of a sensorineural deaf child.
  • the present invention enables deaf children to hear their own vocal utterances and thus provides the auditory feedback essential to learning how to produce intelligible speech.
  • deaf children can learn to communicate verbally with the hearing population using a low cost alternative to the cochlear implant.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the essential components of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a detailed example of an example circuit used in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Table 1 lists the values of components used in the example circuit. Description of Preferred Embodiments
  • a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound comprises a microphone 1, an audio signal processing circuit 2 and at least two piezoelectric transducers 3.
  • the microphone 1 receives the analog audio information from the user and from his or her teacher. It outputs an analog signal to an audio signal processing circuitry 2.
  • the audio signal processing circuitry 2 converts the incoming non-linear acoustic information into a time domain amplified signal.
  • audio signal processing circuitry 2 processes the incoming complex non-linear waveform to remove the frequency component and leave only the time rate of change information contained in the analog signal. Thus, the frequency domain is suppressed and the time rate of change of the incoming signal is amplified.
  • the amplified signal may be modulated onto a carrier wave.
  • Methods for accomplishing this conversion are known in the art (see US Patent Nos. 3,647,970; 4,545,065; 4,819,199; 4,860,356).
  • Figure 3 illustrates a representative example of a signal processing circuit.
  • This signal is then transmitted to piezoelectric transducers 3 which create minute vibrations of the user's skin stimulating the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin.
  • Said transducers 3 are made of zirconium titanate ceramic and the dielectric constant of said transducers 3 is the same as human skin.
  • Said transducers 3, usually two in number and usually disk-shaped, may be placed anywhere on the bare skin of the listener.
  • the transducers 3 create minute vibrations of the skin which stimulate the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin.
  • the transducers may be in the shape of a ball or a cup.
  • the Pacinian corpuscle is a nerve ending in the skin that transforms mechanical vibrations or pressures into nerve impulses.
  • Research by Fernando Grandori and Antonio Pedotti of Milan, Italy demonstrated that the Pacinian corpuscle can react to very high frequencies, and responds best to a square wave stimulus.
  • rate of change is more important than the amplitude of the pressure applied to the corpuscle. This skin receptor detects time significance first, and pressure significance secondly.
  • the nerve impulses from the Pacinian corpuscles are transmitted to the brain.
  • the impulses are in the form recognized by the brain as sound, they are perceived by the user as sound.
  • the present invention receives analog auditory information and delivers it to the brain in the form required for perception of sound. It enables children with sensorineural deafness to hear their own vocalizations (and those of their teachers) and, thus, to learn to speak.

Abstract

The invention involves a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound which comprises: a microphone configured to receive the analog audio signal from the user and from his or her teacher and output the said analog audio signal; an audio signal processing circuit to covert said analog audio signal into a time domain amplified signal; at least two piezoelectric transducers configured to receive said time domain amplified signal and by means of which said piezoelectric transducers create minute vibrations of the user's skin, which stimulate the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin. The nerve impulses from the Pacinian corpuscles are transmitted to the brain and recognized by the brain as sound. It enables deaf children to hear their own vocal utterances and thus provides the auditory feedback essential to learning how to produce intelligible speech.

Description

A device that enables deaf people to perceive sound
Technical field of the Invention
The invention involves a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound. In particular, it enables deaf children to hear their own vocal utterances. It thus provides the auditory feedback essential to learning how to produce intelligible speech.
Background of the Invention
Children who are born deaf or have become deaf prior to learning how to speak do not ordinarily speak intelligibly because they can not hear the sounds they utter. Unable to hear the sound of their own voice, they don't learn how to form the sounds of their language.
At present, a sensorineural deaf child may be enabled to hear sound with a cochlear implant. The quality of the sound transmitted to a deaf person via a cochlear implant lacks the clarity enjoyed by people with normal hearing ability. Implantation requires surgery by a specialist in this field. The surgery is followed by an extended period of speech therapy to accustom the recipient to the sound characteristics of the implant. The cost of the implants is very high (US$30,000 - 50,000). The primary advantage of mis prosthetic approach is the mobility it offers to the recipient.
Attempts have been made to develop tactile hearing aids, using either electro-tactile or vibro-tactile contact with the user's skin. An example of electro-tactile stimulation is the Tickle-Talker. This device relies on electric stimulation of the fingers of the hand. The user must learn to associate the electric stimulations with different frequency ranges of sound in his/her surroundings. The same is true of current vibro-tactile devices. Neither type of tactile hearing aid converts the analog auditory input into a form that a sensorineural deaf person can perceive in the brain as sound.
Apart from the present invention, there is not a low cost alternative to the cochlear implant. Consequently, the vast majority of deaf children, particularly in developing countries, do not learn to communicate verbally with the hearing population. The result is a lifelong handicap that usually prevents the deaf child from developing to his or her full potential.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention is a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound which comprises: a microphone configured to receive the analog audio signal from the user and from his or her teacher and output the said analog audio signal; an audio signal processing circuit configured to receive the said analog audio signal and covert it into a time domain amplified signal; at least two piezoelectric transducers configured to receive said time domain amplified signal and by means of which said piezoelectric disks create minute vibrations of the user's skin, which stimulate the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin;
the nerve impulses from the Pacinian corpuscles are transmitted to the brain. As the impulses are in the form recognized by the brain as sound, they are perceived by the user as sound.
More specifically, said time domain amplified signal may be modulated onto a carrier wave. The dielectric constant of said piezoelectric transducers is the same as human skin. The transducers are in the shape of a disk, a ball or a cup. Said piezoelectric transducers are made of zirconium titanate ceramic.
The device enables deaf people to perceive sound and is used in speech training of a sensorineural deaf child.
The present invention enables deaf children to hear their own vocal utterances and thus provides the auditory feedback essential to learning how to produce intelligible speech. By means of the present invention deaf children can learn to communicate verbally with the hearing population using a low cost alternative to the cochlear implant.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Figure 1 illustrates the essential components of the present invention; Figure 2 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a detailed example of an example circuit used in an embodiment of the present invention.
Table 1 lists the values of components used in the example circuit. Description of Preferred Embodiments
Referring to Fig.l and Fig.2, a device that enables deaf people to perceive sound comprises a microphone 1, an audio signal processing circuit 2 and at least two piezoelectric transducers 3. The microphone 1 receives the analog audio information from the user and from his or her teacher. It outputs an analog signal to an audio signal processing circuitry 2. The audio signal processing circuitry 2 converts the incoming non-linear acoustic information into a time domain amplified signal. In operation, audio signal processing circuitry 2 processes the incoming complex non-linear waveform to remove the frequency component and leave only the time rate of change information contained in the analog signal. Thus, the frequency domain is suppressed and the time rate of change of the incoming signal is amplified. The amplified signal may be modulated onto a carrier wave. Methods for accomplishing this conversion are known in the art (see US Patent Nos. 3,647,970; 4,545,065; 4,819,199; 4,860,356). Figure 3 illustrates a representative example of a signal processing circuit.
This signal is then transmitted to piezoelectric transducers 3 which create minute vibrations of the user's skin stimulating the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin. Said transducers 3 are made of zirconium titanate ceramic and the dielectric constant of said transducers 3 is the same as human skin. Said transducers 3, usually two in number and usually disk-shaped, may be placed anywhere on the bare skin of the listener. The transducers 3 create minute vibrations of the skin which stimulate the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin. The transducers may be in the shape of a ball or a cup.
The Pacinian corpuscle is a nerve ending in the skin that transforms mechanical vibrations or pressures into nerve impulses. Research by Fernando Grandori and Antonio Pedotti of Milan, Italy (IEEE Transaction on Biomedical Engineering,, Vol BME-27, #10, Oct 1980) demonstrated that the Pacinian corpuscle can react to very high frequencies, and responds best to a square wave stimulus. Their work revealed that rate of change is more important than the amplitude of the pressure applied to the corpuscle. This skin receptor detects time significance first, and pressure significance secondly.
When the transducers 3 are in contact with the skin, the nerve impulses from the Pacinian corpuscles are transmitted to the brain. As the impulses are in the form recognized by the brain as sound, they are perceived by the user as sound.
In conclusion, the present invention receives analog auditory information and delivers it to the brain in the form required for perception of sound. It enables children with sensorineural deafness to hear their own vocalizations (and those of their teachers) and, thus, to learn to speak.
Table 1: The values of electronic components in Figure 3:
R1, R9 68 Ω
R2, R4, R5, R8 10 ΚΩ
R3, R12, R15 100 ΚΩ
R6 470 ΚΩ
R7 33 ΚΩ
R10 47 ΚΩ
Rll 100 Ω
R13 5.6 ΚΩ
R14 4.7 ΚΩ CI 100 uF
C2, C5 0.1 uF
C3 0.0047 uF
C4 0.001 uF
C6 0.01 uF
C7 33 pF
All transistors 2N3904 Choke coil (CC) 2 H
Input 8 Ω

Claims

What is claimed is:
1. A device that enables deaf people to perceive sound comprising:
a microphone configured to receive the analog audio signal from the user and from his or her teacher and output the said analog audio signal; an audio signal processing circuit configured to receive the said analog audio signal and covert it into a time domain amplified signal; at least two piezoelectric transducers configured to receive said time domain amplified signal and by means of which said piezoelectric transducers create minute vibrations of the user's skin, which stimulate the Pacinian corpuscles in the skin;
the nerve impulses from the Pacinian corpuscles are transmitted to the brain and, as the impulses are in the form recognized by the brain as sound, they are perceived by the user as sound.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said time domain amplified signal may be modulated onto a carrier wave.
3. The device of claim 1 wherein said piezoelectric transducers are made of zirconium titanate ceramic.
4. The device of claim 1 used in speech training for a sensorineural deaf child.
5. The device of claim 1 wherein the dielectric constant of said piezoelectric transducers is the same as human skin.
6. The device of claim 1 wherein the transducers are in the shape of a disk, a ball or a cup.
PCT/IB2010/001673 2010-07-02 2010-07-02 A device that enables deaf people to perceive sound WO2012001447A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2010/001673 WO2012001447A1 (en) 2010-07-02 2010-07-02 A device that enables deaf people to perceive sound

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2010/001673 WO2012001447A1 (en) 2010-07-02 2010-07-02 A device that enables deaf people to perceive sound

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012001447A1 true WO2012001447A1 (en) 2012-01-05

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107638245A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-01-30 电子科技大学 A kind of glove-type deafness people perception of sound device
CN113763783A (en) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-07 成都视海芯图微电子有限公司 Deaf-mute auxiliary system and method based on brain-computer interface
WO2022126295A1 (en) * 2020-12-19 2022-06-23 Universidad Diego Portales System and method for kinesthetic auditory transduction

Citations (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3647970A (en) 1968-08-29 1972-03-07 Gillis P Flanagan Method and system for simplifying speech waveforms
US4250637A (en) * 1979-06-13 1981-02-17 Scott Instruments Company Tactile aid to speech reception
EP0144774A2 (en) * 1983-11-07 1985-06-19 Navot Technology Ltd. Audiotactile communication system
US4545065A (en) 1982-04-28 1985-10-01 Xsi General Partnership Extrema coding signal processing method and apparatus
US4581491A (en) * 1984-05-04 1986-04-08 Research Corporation Wearable tactile sensory aid providing information on voice pitch and intonation patterns
US4791620A (en) * 1985-03-22 1988-12-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tactile hearing aid
US4819199A (en) 1987-04-24 1989-04-04 Extrema Systems International Corporation Extrema coder employing noisy limiting amplifier stages
US4860356A (en) 1988-02-22 1989-08-22 Extrema Systems International Corp. Adaptive extrema coding signal processing system
DE3834442C1 (en) * 1988-10-10 1989-11-09 Hortmann Gmbh, 7449 Neckartenzlingen, De Device for multi-channel transmission of information via the sense of touch
US5035242A (en) * 1990-04-16 1991-07-30 David Franklin Method and apparatus for sound responsive tactile stimulation of deaf individuals
WO2001087014A2 (en) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-15 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Intrabody communication for a hearing aid
US20040034535A1 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-02-19 Belenger Robert V. Speech to touch translator assembly and method

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3647970A (en) 1968-08-29 1972-03-07 Gillis P Flanagan Method and system for simplifying speech waveforms
US4250637A (en) * 1979-06-13 1981-02-17 Scott Instruments Company Tactile aid to speech reception
US4545065A (en) 1982-04-28 1985-10-01 Xsi General Partnership Extrema coding signal processing method and apparatus
EP0144774A2 (en) * 1983-11-07 1985-06-19 Navot Technology Ltd. Audiotactile communication system
US4581491A (en) * 1984-05-04 1986-04-08 Research Corporation Wearable tactile sensory aid providing information on voice pitch and intonation patterns
US4791620A (en) * 1985-03-22 1988-12-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Tactile hearing aid
US4819199A (en) 1987-04-24 1989-04-04 Extrema Systems International Corporation Extrema coder employing noisy limiting amplifier stages
US4860356A (en) 1988-02-22 1989-08-22 Extrema Systems International Corp. Adaptive extrema coding signal processing system
DE3834442C1 (en) * 1988-10-10 1989-11-09 Hortmann Gmbh, 7449 Neckartenzlingen, De Device for multi-channel transmission of information via the sense of touch
US5035242A (en) * 1990-04-16 1991-07-30 David Franklin Method and apparatus for sound responsive tactile stimulation of deaf individuals
WO2001087014A2 (en) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-15 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Intrabody communication for a hearing aid
US20040034535A1 (en) * 2002-08-19 2004-02-19 Belenger Robert V. Speech to touch translator assembly and method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FERNANDO GRANDORI; ANTONIO PEDOTTI, IEEE TRANSACTION ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, vol. BME-27, no. #10, October 1980 (1980-10-01)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107638245A (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-01-30 电子科技大学 A kind of glove-type deafness people perception of sound device
WO2022126295A1 (en) * 2020-12-19 2022-06-23 Universidad Diego Portales System and method for kinesthetic auditory transduction
CN113763783A (en) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-07 成都视海芯图微电子有限公司 Deaf-mute auxiliary system and method based on brain-computer interface

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