WO2012045263A1 - 一种中央控制刹车系统及推车型可移动式医疗设备 - Google Patents

一种中央控制刹车系统及推车型可移动式医疗设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012045263A1
WO2012045263A1 PCT/CN2011/080148 CN2011080148W WO2012045263A1 WO 2012045263 A1 WO2012045263 A1 WO 2012045263A1 CN 2011080148 W CN2011080148 W CN 2011080148W WO 2012045263 A1 WO2012045263 A1 WO 2012045263A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reversing
hook
pedal
relative position
plate beam
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/080148
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈绪贵
胡敏
周明钊
Original Assignee
深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012045263A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012045263A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B33/00—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors
    • B60B33/0078—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the wheel braking mechanism
    • B60B33/0092—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by details of the wheel braking mechanism actuated remotely, e.g. by cable or electrically
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/002—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame
    • A61G7/018—Control or drive mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G13/00—Operating tables; Auxiliary appliances therefor
    • A61G13/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G13/104—Adaptations for table mobility, e.g. arrangement of wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/0528—Steering or braking devices for castor wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • A61G7/104—Devices carried or supported by
    • A61G7/1046—Mobile bases, e.g. having wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
    • B62B5/00—Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts
    • B62B5/04—Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement
    • B62B5/0433—Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement foot operated

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to a central control brake system and a cart type movable medical device.
  • Brakes for various types of mobile medical devices such as pushers, carts, etc. usually use a centrally controlled brake system, compared to the traditional brake system that uses different brake mechanisms to control different casters, the central control brake system Using a brake mechanism to simultaneously control multiple casters to brake or brake at the same time, The operation is more convenient.
  • the central control brake system includes a two-pedal brake system and a single-pedal brake system. The former uses one pedal to control the caster brakes, and the other pedal controls the casters to brake. The latter uses the different pedals to control the caster brakes and brakes. The caster brakes when the pedal is lowered, and the caster releases the brake when the pedal is hooked.
  • the double-pedal brake system For the double-pedal brake system, the operator needs to separately control the brakes and brakes of the casters through different pedals. This structure will cause confusion to the operator. It is necessary to accurately distinguish which pedal is controlling the brake and which pedal is to control the brake. of. Moreover, this structure takes up a lot of space and constrains the design of the product.
  • the double-pedal brake system also has a deformed structure, which adopts a lever structure to control the pedal shaft to rotate back and forth. The operator can control the pedal shaft to rotate in different directions by stepping on different ends of the pedal. This structure has only one surface. The pedal, but still belongs to the double pedal in essence, is still not conducive to the human-computer interaction, layout and design of the product.
  • the brakes and brakes of the casters are separately controlled by two different actions of stepping and hooking.
  • this structure can avoid the confusion of the pedals, the action of hooking the pedals is very laborious to operate. Moreover, if the operator's instep is not protected, it may cause pain or even scratch on the instep of the operator.
  • the single-pedal type central brake system still needs the operator to recognize the next step in the operation. The action is also a hook action control pedal, so there is still a problem of inconvenience in use.
  • the main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem of inconvenient and laborious operation of the existing central control brake system, and to provide a central control brake system that is easy to operate.
  • the present invention provides a central control brake system
  • the base frame includes at least one caster mounted on the bottom of the base frame, a brake drive shaft for controlling the caster, and the system further includes a plate beam movably coupled to the base frame and fixed to the plate beam a pedal, and a reversing rotating assembly connecting the plate beam and the brake drive shaft, the reversing drive assembly reversing the brake drive shaft under the control of the pedal.
  • One end of the plate beam is rotatably connected to the base frame, and the other end is connected to the pedal.
  • the plate beam and the base frame form a moving pair that moves vertically up and down.
  • the reversing rotation assembly includes a first reversing hook and a second reversing hook movably coupled to the plate beam, and is fixed to the brake transmission shaft and located at the first reversing hook And a steering wheel between the second reversing hook; the first reversing hook or the second reversing hook abutting the diverting wheel under the control of the pedal.
  • the reversing rotating assembly has alternating first and second relative positions under control of the pedal, the first reversing hook abutting the diverting wheel in a first relative position, in a second relative The second reversing hook is against the reversing wheel when in position.
  • At least one pedal resetting member is further connected between the plate beam and the base frame, and after the pedal is released, the pedal resetting member drives the pedal and the plate beam to be reset, so that the reversing rotating component is The first relative position transitions to a second relative position or from a second relative position to a first relative position.
  • a steering reset member is disposed between the first reversing hook and the plate beam, and between the second reversing hook and the plate beam.
  • the first reversing hook and the second reversing hook are respectively coupled to the plate beam by a first pivot and a second pivot.
  • the upper end of the first reversing hook is provided with a first engaging hook, and the lower end is provided with a first abutting portion on the same side as the first engaging hook.
  • a second engaging hook is disposed on the upper end of the second reversing hook, and a second resisting portion is disposed on the same side of the second engaging hook;
  • the first end of the reversing wheel is respectively provided with a first engaging portion and a second nip portion, and a bottom of the reversing wheel is provided with a telescopic rod; in the first relative position, the telescopic rod abuts above the first abutting portion, in the second relative position, The telescopic rod abuts above the second abutting portion.
  • the telescopic rod includes a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod respectively disposed at two ends of the bottom of the reversing wheel, and in the first relative position, the first telescopic rod abuts above the first resisting portion In the second relative position, the second telescopic rod abuts above the second abutting portion.
  • the reversing wheel further includes a wheel body
  • the telescopic rod includes a pin and a spring sleeved on the pin, the pin end has a flange; the pin extends out The bottom of the wheel body and the spring is sandwiched between the flange and the bottom of the wheel body.
  • the present invention also provides a cart type mobile medical device comprising the centrally controlled brake system described above.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that in the central control brake system provided by the invention, the operator can control the caster brake and the brake release only by pedaling, so that the operation is more convenient and labor-saving, and the instep is not damaged.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a central control brake system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a central control brake system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view showing the reversing rotating assembly in a first relative position according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reversing wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reversing rotating assembly in a first relative position
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a reversing rotating assembly is switched from a first relative position to a second relative position;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another state in which the reversing rotating assembly is switched from the first relative position to the second relative position;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the reversing rotating assembly in a second relative position
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the reversing rotating assembly is switched from the second relative position to the first relative position;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another state in which the reversing rotating assembly is switched from the second relative position to the first relative position;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a reversing rotating assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the reversing rotating assembly in a first relative position according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the central control brake system of the present embodiment includes a base frame (not shown), a caster 4, a brake drive shaft 1, a plate beam 3, a pedal 2, and a reversing drive assembly.
  • the base frame is connected with the vehicle body
  • the plate beam 3 and the caster 4 are installed at the bottom of the base frame
  • the plate beam 3 is movably connected with the base frame
  • the pedal 2 is fixed on the plate beam 3
  • the reversing rotating component is connected to the plate beam 3
  • the brake rotating shaft 1 is used for reversing the brake transmission shaft 1 under the control of the pedal 2.
  • the number of the casters 4 may be one or more, and the brake transmission shaft 1 and the casters 4 are connected by a link structure. When the brake transmission shaft 1 rotates in the forward or reverse direction under the driving of the reverse rotation assembly, the brakes of the casters 4 are respectively controlled. Or solve the brakes.
  • the reversing rotation assembly comprises a steering wheel 7, a first reversing hook 5 and a second reversing hook 6, wherein the first reversing hook 5 and the second reversing hook 6 are movably connected to the plate beam 3, and the steering wheel 7 is fixed Connected to the brake transmission shaft 1 and located between the first reversing hook 5 and the second reversing hook 6, under the control of the pedal 2, the first reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6 resists the reversing Round 7.
  • the reversing rotating assembly has alternating first and second relative positions under the drive of the pedal 2.
  • the first reversing hook 5 In the first relative position, the first reversing hook 5 abuts against the reversing wheel 7, and when the reversing rotating assembly is switched from the first relative position to the second relative position, the first reversing hook 5 rotates synchronously with the reversing wheel 7.
  • the second reversing hook 6 In the second relative position, the second reversing hook 6 abuts against the reversing wheel 7, and when the second relative position is switched to the first relative position, the second reversing hook 6 rotates synchronously with the reversing wheel 7.
  • the two different relative positions correspond to different working states of the central control brake system, that is, the brake lock state or the brake lock lock state, for example, the first relative position corresponds to the brake lock state, and the second relative position corresponds to the brake lock lock state, the reverse direction
  • the process of switching the rotating assembly from the first relative position to the second relative position effects to understand the braking action, and conversely, the process of switching the reversing rotating assembly from the second relative position to the first relative position effects the braking action.
  • a pedal resetting member 12 is further connected between the plate beam 3 and the base frame.
  • the pedal 2 moves downward by a certain distance under the action of an external force, and the plate beam 3 moves downward relative to the base frame until The pedal 2 is limited by the base frame and cannot continue to move.
  • the pedal resetting member 12 drives the pedal 2 and the plate beam 3 back to the initial position before the pedal 2 is depressed, so that the reversing rotating assembly is from the first relative position. Switching to a second relative position or transitioning from a second relative position to a first relative position.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the first reversing hook 5 is provided with a first engaging hook 51 at the upper end, and a first abutting portion 52 on the same side as the first engaging hook 51 at the lower end, correspondingly, the second reversing hook
  • the second end of the reversing wheel 7 is provided with a second engaging portion 61 and a second engaging portion 72 respectively.
  • the bottom of the reversing wheel 7 is provided with a telescopic rod 73.
  • the first change The first engaging hook 51 on the hook 5 and the first engaging portion 71 on the deflecting wheel 7 bite and rotate synchronously.
  • the pedal 2 and the plate beam 3 are reset by the pedal resetting member 12.
  • the telescopic rod 73 is transferred from above the first abutting portion 52 to above the second abutting portion 62, and the reversing rotating assembly is switched from the first relative position to the second relative position.
  • the reversing rotation assembly is in the second relative position, the telescopic rod 73 abuts against the second abutting portion 62.
  • the second reversing hook 6 When the operator depresses the pedal 2 again and moves it downward by a certain distance, the second reversing hook 6
  • the pedal 2 and the plate beam 3 are reset by the pedal resetting member 12, so that the telescopic rod 73 is
  • the upper portion of the second abutting portion 62 is transferred above the first abutting portion 52, and the reversing rotating assembly is also switched from the second relative position to the first relative position.
  • the reversing wheel 7 of the present embodiment further includes a wheel body 74.
  • the first engaging portion 71 and the second engaging portion 72 are respectively located at the top ends of the wheel body 74.
  • the telescopic rod 73 includes a pin 731 and is sleeved on the pin 731.
  • the spring 732, the pin 731 can be fixed through the through hole in the wheel body 74, and the upper and lower ends of the pin 731 can respectively protrude from the top and bottom of the wheel body 74.
  • the bottom end of the pin 731 also has a flange 733, and the spring 732 is sandwiched between the flange 733 and the bottom of the wheel body 74, when the reversing wheel 7 abuts against the first reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6, or During the synchronous rotation of the first reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6, the spring 732 undergoes compression deformation to apply a downward force to the pin 731, so that the reversing wheel 7 and the first reversing hook 5 or The two reversing hooks 6 are not easily separated from the first reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6 before being engaged.
  • the bottom of the wheel body 74 is also fixed with a guide plate 75.
  • the guide plate 75 is provided with a guide hole, and the pin 731 is located at a portion below the flange 733. hole.
  • the number of the telescopic rods 73 may be set as needed, and may include only one or more than two.
  • the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod may be disposed at the two ends of the bottom of the reversing wheel 7, respectively, in the first relative position.
  • the first telescopic rod abuts the first abutting portion 52, and in the second relative position, the second telescopic rod abuts against the second abutting portion 62.
  • the first reversing hook 5 and the second reversing hook 6 are respectively connected to the plate beam 3 through the first pivot 8 and the second pivot 9, respectively, the first reversing hook 5 and the plate beam 3
  • a steering reset member is disposed between the second reversing hook 6 and the plate beam 3, and the first reversing hook 5 can be rotated in a direction away from the reversing wheel 7 without being engaged with the reversing wheel 7, for example,
  • the first reversing hook 5 is driven to rotate in the direction of the arrow A to drive the second reversing hook 6 to rotate in the direction of the arrow B.
  • the steering reset member may be a first torsion spring 81 sleeved on the first pivot shaft 8 and a second torsion spring 91 sleeved on the second pivot shaft 9 (shown in FIG. 2), and other parts may be used instead.
  • the steering reset member may adopt a spring 93 as shown in FIG.
  • the spring 93 is connected at one end to the outer side of the first reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6, and the other end is connected to the plate beam 3, when the first When the reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6 is engaged with the reversing wheel 7, the spring 93 is in a stretched state, and when the reversing wheel 7 is transferred over a reversing hook, the other reversing hook will be in the spring 93.
  • the pulling force is rotated in the direction away from the reversing wheel 7.
  • the steering reset member may also be a member such as a weight provided on the first reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6 to drive the steering under gravity.
  • the central control brake system of the embodiment realizes a single pedal brake, and the operator can control the brake and brake of the caster 4 only by pressing the pedal 2, so that the operation is more labor-saving and the back of the foot is not damaged.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the manner in which the plate beam 3 is coupled to the base frame, and the position at which the pedal 2, the first reversing hook 5, and the second reversing hook 6 are disposed on the plate beam 3 can be determined as needed.
  • one end of the plate beam 3 is rotatably connected to the base frame through the base frame rotating shaft 10, and the other end is fixed to the pedal 2, and the first reversing hook 5 and the second reversing hook 6 are rotatably connected to the middle of the plate beam 3.
  • the entire plate beam 3 can rotate the reversing wheel 7 by a certain angle by the first reversing hook 5 or the second reversing hook 6 to enable the pedal 3 Moving a large distance downwards, the commutation rotation assembly is switched to a different state, and therefore, the movement trajectory of the pedal 2 is close to a straight line, and the trajectory of the pedal 2 is slanted in the prior art during braking or braking. In contrast, the manner of this embodiment is more convenient for the operator's foot to focus.
  • the plate beam 3 and the base frame form a moving pair that moves vertically up and down.
  • two members which are disposed at two ends of the plate beam 3, or a pull plate at the center of the plate beam 3, may be used to connect the plate beam 3 to the bottom of the base frame.
  • the frame moves vertically downwards.
  • two guide rails extending in the vertical direction can also be arranged on the base frame, and the plate beam 3 can be smoothly moved along the guide rail.
  • a limiting portion for limiting the vertical movement of the plate beam 3 is further disposed on the guide rail.
  • the pedal 2 can be fixed at the end or the middle of the plate beam 3. In order to achieve effective resetting of the plate beam 3 and the pedal 2, it is preferable to respectively provide a pedal on the plate beam 3 at positions on both sides of the reversing transmission assembly. Reset member 12. In the present embodiment, when the operator steps on the pedal 2, the trajectory of the pedal 2 is completely straight, so that it is very convenient for the footsteps to be exerted, and the operation mode is more humanized.
  • the pedal resetting member 12 can only adopt the return spring 123 connected to the base frame, and the return spring 123 is stretched each time the pedal 2 is depressed.
  • the return spring 123 drives the pedal 2 and the plate beam 3 to be reset, so that the commutation
  • the rotating assembly effects a transition between the first relative position and the second relative position.
  • the pedal resetting member 12 includes a reset lever 121, a limiting plate 122 with a through hole, and a return spring 123.
  • the limiting plate 122 is fixed on the base frame, and the bottom end of the resetting rod 121 passes through the limiting plate.
  • the through hole on the 122 is fixed on the plate beam 3.
  • the return spring 123 is sleeved on the reset rod 121 and connected between the top end of the reset rod 121 and the limiting plate 122. In this embodiment, each time the pedal 2 is depressed The return spring is compressed between the reset lever 121 and the limit plate 122. When the pedal 2 is released, the return spring 123 drives the plate beam 3 to reset, so that the reverse rotation assembly realizes the conversion between the first relative position and the second relative position.
  • the centrally controlled brake system of the present embodiment can be widely applied to a cart type movable medical device that is braked by a pedal, such as an anesthesia machine, a ventilator, or the like.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种中央控制刹车系统和推车型可移动式医疗设备，中央控制刹车系统包括基架、安装在所述基架底部的至少一个脚轮(4)、用于控制所述脚轮(4)的刹车传动轴(1)，所述系统还包括与所述基架活动连接的板梁(3)、固定在所述板梁(3)上的踏板(2)，以及连接所述板梁(3)和刹车传动轴(1)的换向转动组件，所述换向转动组件在所述踏板(2)的控制下使所述刹车传动轴(1)换向转动。本发明提供的中央控制刹车系统中，由于操作者只需通过踩踏板即可控制脚轮刹车和解刹车，因此操作更加方便和省力。

Description

一种中央控制刹车系统及推车型可移动式医疗设备 技术领域
本发明属于医疗设备领域，尤其涉及一种中央控制刹车系统及一种推车型可移动式医疗设备。
背景技术
用于推床、推车等各类可移动式医疗设备的制动装置通常都采用中央控制刹车系统，与传统刹车系统中利用不同的刹车机构分别控制不同脚轮的方式相比,中央控制刹车系统采用一个刹车机构同时控制多个脚轮同时刹车或者解刹车， 操作更加方便。中央控制刹车系统包括双踏板式刹车系统和单踏板式刹车系统，前者采用一个踏板控制脚轮刹车，另一个踏板控制脚轮解刹车；后者采用同一个踏板的不同操作方式控制脚轮刹车和解刹车，踩下踏板时脚轮刹车，钩起踏板时脚轮解刹车。
对于双踏板式刹车系统，操作者需要通过不同的踏板分别控制脚轮的刹车和解刹车，这种结构会给操作者带来混淆，需要准确分辨出哪个踏板是控制刹车的，哪个踏板是控制解刹车的。并且，这种结构占用空间大，约束了产品的设计。双踏板式刹车系统还有一种变形结构，采用杠杆式结构控制踏板轴来回转动，操作者通过踩动踏板的不同端，可控制踏板轴向不同的方向转动，这种结构虽然表面上看只有一个踏板，但是从本质上仍属于双踏板，仍然不利于产品的人机交互、布局、造型设计。对于单踏板式中央刹车系统，通过踩和钩两个不同动作分别控制脚轮的刹车和解刹车，这种结构虽然能够避免踏板混淆，但是钩起踏板的动作操作起来十分费力。并且，如果操作者的脚背未保护好，则还有可能造成操作者脚背疼痛甚至刮伤，另外，这种单踏板式中央刹车系统在操作过程中仍然需要操作者辨别接下来是要采取踩的动作还是钩的动作控制踏板,因此仍然存在使用不便的问题。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的主要技术问题是克服现有中央控制刹车系统操作不便、费力的问题，提供一种便于操作的中央控制刹车系统。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种中央控制刹车系统, 包括基架、安装在所述基架底部的至少一个脚轮、用于控制所述脚轮的刹车传动轴，所述系统还包括与所述基架活动连接的板梁、固定在所述板梁上的踏板，以及连接所述板梁和刹车传动轴的换向转动组件，所述换向传动组件在所述踏板的控制下使所述刹车传动轴换向转动。
所述板梁一端与所述基架转动连接，另一端与所述踏板连接。或者，所述板梁与所述基架形成上下竖直运动的移动副。
具体地，所述换向转动组件包括与所述板梁活动连接的第一换向钩和第二换向钩，以及固接在所述刹车传动轴上，且位于所述第一换向钩和第二换向钩之间的转向轮；在所述踏板的控制下，所述第一换向钩或第二换向钩抵住所述换向轮。
所述换向转动组件在所述踏板的控制下具有交替的第一相对位置和第二相对位置，在第一相对位置时所述第一换向钩抵住所述换向轮，在第二相对位置时所述第二换向钩抵住所述换向轮。
进一步地，所述板梁与所述基架之间还连接至少一个踏板复位件，释放所述踏板后，所述踏板复位件带动所述踏板和板梁复位，使所述换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置、或从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置。
所述第一换向钩与所述板梁之间、所述第二换向钩与所述板梁之间均设置转向复位件。
所述第一换向钩和第二换向钩分别通过第一枢轴和第二枢轴连接在所述板梁上。
所述第一换向钩上端设有第一咬合钩，下端设有与所述第一咬合钩同侧的第一抵挡部， 所述第二换向钩上端设有第二咬合钩，下端设有与所述第二咬合钩同侧的第二抵挡部；所述换向轮的顶部两端分别设有第一咬合部和第二咬合部，且所述换向轮的底部设有伸缩杆；在所述第一相对位置时，所述伸缩杆抵在所述第一抵挡部上方，在所述第二相对位置时，所述伸缩杆抵在所述第二抵挡部上方。
优选地，所述伸缩杆包括分别设置在所述换向轮底部两端的第一伸缩杆和第二伸缩杆，在第一相对位置，所述第一伸缩杆抵在所述第一抵挡部上方，在第二相对位置，所述第二伸缩杆抵在所述第二抵挡部上方。
进一步地，所述换向轮还包括轮体，所述伸缩杆包括销杆和套在所述销杆上的弹簧，所述销杆底端带有凸缘；所述销杆伸出所述轮体底部，且将所述弹簧夹在所述凸缘与所述轮体底部之间。
本发明还提供了一种推车型可移动式医疗设备，包括以上所述的中央控制刹车系统。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提供的中央控制刹车系统中，操作者只需通过踩踏板即可控制脚轮刹车和解刹车，因此操作更加方便和省力，且不会损伤脚背。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施例的中央控制刹车系统立体图；
图2为本发明一种实施例的中央控制刹车系统俯视图；
图3为本发明一种实施例的换向转动组件处于第一相对位置的放大示意图；
图4为本发明一种实施例的换向轮示意图；
图5为换向转动组件处于第一相对位置的剖面示意图；
图6为换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置的一种状态剖面示意图；
图7为换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置的另一种状态剖面示意图；
图8为换向转动组件处于第二相对位置的剖面示意图；
图9为换向转动组件从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置的一种状态剖面示意图；
图10为换向转动组件从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置的另一种状态剖面示意图；
图11为本发明另一种实施例的换向转动组件的示意图；
图12为本发明另一种实施例的换向转动组件处于第一相对位置的剖面示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例一：
请参考图1至图3，本实施方式的中央控制刹车系统包括基架（图中未画出）、脚轮4，刹车传动轴1、板梁3、脚踏2和换向传动组件。其中，基架与车体连接，板梁3和脚轮4安装在基架底部,且板梁3与基架活动连接，脚踏2固定在板梁3上，换向转动组件连接板梁3和刹车转动轴1，用于在踏板2的控制下使刹车传动轴1换向转动。脚轮4的数量可为一个或者多个，刹车传动轴1与脚轮4采用连杆结构相连，当刹车传动轴1在换向转动组件的带动下正向或反向旋转时，分别控制脚轮4刹车或解刹车。
换向转动组件包括转向轮7、第一换向钩5和第二换向钩6，其中，第一换向钩5和第二换向钩6活动连接在板梁3上，转向轮7固接在刹车传动轴1上，且位于第一换向钩5和第二换向钩6之间，在踏板2的控制下，第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6抵住换向轮7。换向转动组件在踏板2的驱动下具有交替的第一相对位置和第二相对位置。在第一相对位置时，第一换向钩5抵住换向轮7，换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置时，第一换向钩5与换向轮7同步旋转；在第二相对位置时，第二换向钩6抵住换向轮7，从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置时，第二换向钩6与换向轮7同步旋转。两种不同的相对位置对应于中央控制刹车系统的不同工作状态，即刹车锁定状态或解刹车锁定状态，例如第一相对位置对应刹车锁定状态，第二相对位置对应解刹车锁定状态时，换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置的过程实现了解刹车动作，相反地，换向转动组件从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置的过程实现了刹车动作。
板梁3与基架之间上还连接踏板复位件12，当操作者踩下踏板2后，踏板2在外力作用下向下移动一定距离，板梁3整体相对于基架向下移动，直到踏板2被基架限位而无法继续移动，当释放踏板2时，踏板复位件12带动踏板2和板梁3回到踩下踏板2之前的初始位置，使换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置，或从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置。
实施例二：
请参考图3和图4，第一换向钩5的上端设有第一咬合钩51，下端设有与第一咬合钩51同侧的第一抵挡部52，对应地，第二换向钩6上端设有第二咬合钩61，下端设有与第二咬合钩61同侧的第二抵挡部62；换向轮7的顶部两端分别设有第一咬合部71和第二咬合部72，且换向轮7的底部设有伸缩杆73。操作者踩下踏板2之前，换向转动组件处于第一相对位置，伸缩杆73抵在第一抵挡部52上方,当操作者踩下踏板2并使其向下移动一定距离后，第一换向钩5上的第一咬合钩51与换向轮7上的第一咬合部71咬合并同步旋转，当操作者释放踏板2后，在踏板复位件12的作用下踏板2和板梁3复位，使伸缩杆73从第一抵挡部52上方转移至第二抵挡部62上方，换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置。换向转动组件处于第二相对位置时，伸缩杆73抵在第二抵挡部62上方,当操作者再次踩下踏板2并使其向下移动一定距离后，第二换向钩6上的第二咬合钩61与换向轮7上的第二咬合部72咬合并同步旋转，当操作者释放踏板2后，在踏板复位件12的作用下踏板2和板梁3复位，使伸缩杆73从第二抵挡部62上方转移至第一抵挡部52上方，换向转动组件也从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置。
本实施例的换向轮7还包括轮体74，第一咬合部71和第二咬合部72可分别位于轮体74的顶部两端，伸缩杆73包括销杆731和套在销杆731上的弹簧732，销杆731可穿过轮体74上的通孔进行固定，销杆731的上、下端可分别伸出轮体74顶部和底部。销杆731底端还带有凸缘733，弹簧732夹在凸缘733与轮体74底部之间，当换向轮7抵住第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6，或者随同第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6同步旋转的过程中，弹簧732发生压缩形变而对销杆731施加向下的作用力，使换向轮7与第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6咬合前不易与第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6脱离。进一步地，为了避免销杆731在伸缩运动过程中发生位置偏移，轮体74底部还固定导向板75，导向板75上设有导向孔，销杆731位于凸缘733以下的部分穿出导向孔。
伸缩杆73的数量可根据需要而设置，可只包括一个，或者包括两个以上，例如可分别在换向轮7底部两端设置第一伸缩杆和第二伸缩杆，在第一相对位置，第一伸缩杆抵住第一抵挡部52，在第二相对位置，第二伸缩杆抵住第二抵挡部62。
请参考图5，第一换向钩5和第二换向钩6可分别通过第一枢轴8和第二枢轴9连接在板梁3上，第一换向钩5与板梁3之间、第二换向钩6与板梁3之间均设置转向复位件，能够使第一换向钩5在不与换向轮7咬合的状态下向脱离换向轮7的方向旋转，例如驱动第一换向钩5沿箭头A方向旋转，驱动第二换向钩6沿箭头B方向旋转。例如转向复位件可为套在第一枢轴8上的第一扭簧81和套在第二枢轴9上的第二扭簧91（如图2所示），也可采用其他零件代替。例如转向复位件可采用如图11所示的弹簧93，所述弹簧93一端连接在第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6的外侧，另一端连接在板梁3上，当第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6与换向轮7咬合时，弹簧93处于拉伸状态，当换向轮7转移至某一换向钩上方时，另一换向钩将在弹簧93的拉力作用下向脱离换向轮7的方向旋转。另外，转向复位件还可采用设在第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6上、驱动其在重力作用下实现转向的重锤等零件。
本实施例的中央控制刹车系统实现了单踏板刹车，操作者只需通过踩踏板2即可控制脚轮4刹车和解刹车，因此操作更加省力，且不会损伤脚背。
实施例三：
板梁3与基架的连接方式，以及踏板2、第一换向钩5和第二换向钩6设置在板梁3上的位置可根据需要而定。图5所示的实施方式中，板梁3一端通过基架转轴10与基架转动连接，另一端固定踏板2，第一换向钩5和第二换向钩6转动连接在板梁3中部，由于板梁3较长，当操作者踩下踏板2时，整个板梁3通过第一换向钩5或第二换向钩6带动换向轮7旋转一定的角度，就能够使踏板3向下移动较大的距离，实现换向转动组件转换至不同的状态，因此，踏板2的运动轨迹接近直线，与现有技术中刹车或解刹车过程中踏板2的运动轨迹呈斜线的方式相比，本实施例的方式更加便于操作者的脚部着力。
如图12所示的另一种连接方式中，板梁3与基架形成上下竖直运动的移动副。例如可采用设置在板梁3两端的两个拉杆、或者位于板梁3中部的一个拉板等部件将板梁3连接在基架底部，操作者踩下踏板2时带动板梁3相对于基架向下竖直运动。为了保证运动的稳定性，基架上还可设置沿竖直方向延伸的两条导轨，板梁3可沿该导轨平稳运动。进一步地，导轨上还设置对板梁3的竖直运动进行限位的限位部。本实施方式中，踏板2可固定在板梁3的端部或者中部，为了实现板梁3和踏板2的有效复位，优选在板梁3上位于换向传动组件两侧的位置分别设置一个踏板复位件12。本实施方式中，当操作者踩下踏板2时，踏板2的运动轨迹完全为直线，因此非常便于脚步着力，操作方式更加人性化。
踏板复位件12可仅采用与基架连接的复位弹簧123，每次踩下踏板2时复位弹簧123被拉伸，松开踏板2时复位弹簧123带动踏板2和板梁3复位，使换向转动组件实现第一相对位置与第二相对位置之间的转换。一种优选的方式中，踏板复位件12包括复位杆121、带有通孔的限位板122和复位弹簧123，限位板122固定在基架上，复位杆121底端穿过限位板122上的通孔固定在板梁3上，复位弹簧123套在复位杆121上，且连接在复位杆121的顶端与限位板122之间，本实施方式中，每次踩下踏板2时复位弹簧被压缩在复位杆121与限位板122之间，松开踏板2时复位弹簧123带动板梁3复位，使换向转动组件实现第一相对位置与第二相对位置之间的转换。
本实施例的中央控制刹车系统的控制过程包括以下步骤：
如图5所示，换向转动组件处于第一相对位置时，换向轮7的伸缩杆73抵住第一换向钩5的第一抵挡部52；如图6所示，操作者踩下踏板2使其向下移动一定距离时，板梁3绕基架转轴10旋转，带动第一换向钩5向下运动，使第一咬合钩51与换向轮7的第一咬合部71咬合并同步旋转，从而驱动刹车传动轴1旋转而控制脚轮4刹车；如图7所示，当踏板2踩到底时，伸缩杆73转移至第二换向钩6的第二抵挡部62上方，而第一换向钩5在转向复位件的作用下复位，操作者松开踏板2后，板梁3在踏板复位件12的作用下复位，伸缩杆73仍然抵住第二换向钩6的第二抵挡部62，并转换至图8所示的第二相对位置。如图9所示，操作者再次踩下踏板2时，板梁3绕基架转轴10旋转，带动第二换向钩6向下运动，使第二咬合钩61与换向轮7的第二咬合部72咬合并同步旋转，从而驱动刹车传动轴1反向旋转而控制脚轮4解刹车，如图10所示，当踏板2踩到底时，伸缩杆73转移至第一换向钩5的第一抵挡部52上方，而第二换向钩6在转向复位件的作用下复位，操作者松开踏板2后，板梁3在踏板复位件12的作用下复位，伸缩杆73仍然抵住第二换向钩6的第二抵挡部62，转换至图5所示的第一相对位置。
本实施例的提供中央控制刹车系统可广泛用于通过踏板制动的推车型可移动式医疗设备，例如麻醉机、呼吸机等。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种中央控制刹车系统, 包括基架、安装在所述基架底部的至少一个脚轮（4）、用于控制所述脚轮（4）的刹车传动轴（1），其特征在于，所述系统还包括与所述基架活动连接的板梁（3）、固定在所述板梁（3）上的踏板（2），以及连接所述板梁（3）和刹车传动轴（1）的换向转动组件，所述换向传动组件在所述踏板（2）的控制下使所述刹车传动轴（1）换向转动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述板梁（3）一端与所述基架转动连接，另一端与所述踏板（2）连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述板梁（3）与所述基架形成上下竖直运动的移动副。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述换向转动组件包括与所述板梁（3）活动连接的第一换向钩（5）和第二换向钩（6），以及固接在所述刹车传动轴（1）上，且位于所述第一换向钩（5）和第二换向钩（6）之间的转向轮（7）；在所述踏板（2）的控制下，所述第一换向钩（5）或第二换向钩（6）抵住所述换向轮（7）。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述换向转动组件在所述踏板（2）的控制下具有交替的第一相对位置和第二相对位置，在第一相对位置时所述第一换向钩（5）抵住所述换向轮（7），在第二相对位置时所述第二换向钩（6）抵住所述换向轮（7）。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的系统，其特征在于，所述板梁（3）与所述基架之间还连接至少一个踏板复位件（12），释放所述踏板（2）后，所述踏板复位件（12）带动所述踏板（2）和板梁（3）复位，使所述换向转动组件从第一相对位置转换至第二相对位置、或从第二相对位置转换至第一相对位置。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一换向钩（5）与所述板梁（3）之间、所述第二换向钩（6）与所述板梁（3）之间均设置转向复位件。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一换向钩（5）和第二换向钩（6）分别通过第一枢轴（8）和第二枢轴（9）连接在所述板梁（3）上。
  9. 如权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一换向钩（5）上端设有第一咬合钩（51），下端设有与所述第一咬合钩(51)同侧的第一抵挡部（52）， 所述第二换向钩（6）上端设有第二咬合钩（61），下端设有与所述第二咬合钩（61）同侧的第二抵挡部（62）；所述换向轮（7）的顶部两端分别设有第一咬合部（71）和第二咬合部（72），且所述换向轮（7）的底部设有伸缩杆（73）；在所述第一相对位置时，所述伸缩杆（73）抵在所述第一抵挡部（52）上方，在所述第二相对位置时，所述伸缩杆（73）抵在所述第二抵挡部（62）上方。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述伸缩杆（73）包括分别设置在所述换向轮（7）底部两端的第一伸缩杆和第二伸缩杆，在第一相对位置，所述第一伸缩杆抵在所述第一抵挡部（52）上方，在第二相对位置，所述第二伸缩杆抵在所述第二抵挡部（62）上方。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述换向轮（7）还包括轮体（74），所述伸缩杆（73）包括销杆（731）和套在所述销杆（731）上的弹簧（732），所述销杆（731）底端带有凸缘(733)；所述销杆（731）伸出所述轮体（74）底部，且将所述弹簧（732）夹在所述凸缘（733）与所述轮体（74）底部之间。
  12. 一种推车型可移动式医疗设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至10任一项所述的中央控制刹车系统。
PCT/CN2011/080148 2010-10-09 2011-09-26 一种中央控制刹车系统及推车型可移动式医疗设备 WO2012045263A1 (zh)

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