A bandwidth-efficient concatenated trellis-coded modulation (TCM) decoder which is realized by combining turbo codes having an advantage of coping effectively with a fading channel with TCM having an advantage of bandwidth efficiency, and a decoding method thereof are provided. A conventional TCM method...http://www.google.de/patents/US6816556?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6816556 - Bandwidth-efficient concatenated trellis-coded modulation decoder and decoding method thereof