A method for fabricating titanium-indiffusion waveguides in optical modulators and other optical waveguide devices includes disposing titanium, strips in a waveguide pattern on the surface of a crystalline substrate, such as lithium niobate or lithium tantalate, and indiffusing the titanium atoms into...http://www.google.de/patents/US6856746?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6856746 - Titanium-indiffusion waveguides and methods of fabrication