Apparatus and methods of obtaining information concerning a substance (57) is provided by applying pulses (91, 92, 93) of electromagnetic energy to the substance (57) and evaluating the response of the substance to the electromagnetic energy. The pulses (91, 92, 93) generated by a source (51) are of...http://www.google.de/patents/US6987393?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US6987393 - Ultra-wide band pulse dispersion spectrometry method and apparatus providing multi-component composition analysis