Hawaii

Location
Flag
Quick Facts
Capital	Honolulu
Government	U.S. State
Currency	US dollar (USD)
Area	28,311 km2
Population	1,430,000 (2022 est.)
Language	Official:English, Hawaiian Regionally spoken:Japanese
Religion	Unaffiliated 51.1%, Christianity 28.9%, other 19.8%
Electricity	120V/60Hz (North American plug)
Time Zone	UTC -10 year round. Hawaii does not observe daylight saving time.

Hawaii [1] (Hawaiian: Hawaiʻi, sometimes pronounced ha-VAI-ee by locals) is the 50th state of the United States of America. Situated nearly at the center of the north Pacific Ocean, Hawaii marks the northeast corner of Polynesia. While it was once a major hub for the whaling, sugar, and pineapple industries, it is now economically dependent on tourism and the U.S. military. The natural beauty of the islands continues to be one of Hawaii's greatest assets. Honolulu is the state's capital, largest city, and cultural hub. Hawaiian and English are the official languages.

Islands

Map of Hawaii

Hawaii is an archipelago of over nineteen distinct volcanic islands located over a geological "hot spot" in the Central Pacific. The Pacific plate on which the islands ride moves to the northwest, so in general, the islands are older and smaller (due to erosion) as you move from southeast to northwest. There are eight major islands, six of which are open to tourism.

• Oahu (Oʻahu), nicknamed "the Gathering Place," is the most famous and developed island.Oahu is the largest island by population size. More than 900,000 Hawaii residents live on Oahu with thousands of tourist visiting Oahu each year. Its southern shore is home to the city of Honolulu, the state capital and largest city; four out of every five kama'aina (Hawaii residents) call it home. It is the governmental and commercial center of the state, and Waikiki Beach is arguably the best-known tourist destination in Hawaii. Outside the city are pineapple fields, and the North Shore of Oahu, which is known each winter as the home of some of the largest waves in the world. The USS Arizona National Memorial at Pearl Harbor is also a very popular visitor destination.
• Big Island (Hawaiʻi) – called the Big Island to avoid confusion – is the biggest of the islands and home to Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa (the largest and one of the most active volcanoes on Earth), Hawaii Volcanoes National Park [2], coffee and macadamia nut plantations, working ranches, and even green sand beaches which are very good for swimming. Kailua-Kona is the busiest part of the island on the drier, leeward side, and near the mega-resort Kohala Coast area with nearly zero annual precipitation. The saddle road (quite passable and a must-see--despite what rental car companies say) passes between the massive volcanoes and connects Kohala with Hilo, the largest town on the windward side with annual precipitation of more than 180 inches per year. Unlike anywhere else on Earth and definitely worth a look.
• Kauai (Kauaʻi), the "Garden Isle," is home to several natural wonders, such as the Wailua River, Waimea Canyon, and the Na Pali Coast. Mount Waialeale is known as one of the rainiest spots in the world.
• Maui is the second biggest island in the chain and is home to a 10,023 foot (3,055 m) tall volcanic mountain crater of Haleakala. It is nicknamed "the Valley Isle" for the narrow plain between Haleakala and the West Maui mountains. On the west side of the island are the resort areas of Lahaina, Kaanapali and Kapalua, while the south side is home to Kihei, and Wailea. On the east side is the tiny village of Hana, reached by one of the most winding and beautiful roads in the world.
• Molokai (Molokaʻi),the "Friendly Isle," is one of the least developed islands in the chain. It is home to Kalaupapa, the leper colony on Molokai's north shore that was the home of Father Damien.
• Lanai (Lānaʻi) was at one time completely owned by Dole Foods and was the largest pineapple plantation in the world; it is now home to several exclusive resorts.
• Niihau (Niʻihau) this is a private island. Native Hawaiian own and live on this island. The Robinson Family is the sole owner of the island. The island is closed to all non-native Hawaiians and tourists. There are however tour companies that take you to Niihau island however you are limited by what you can see. There is a helicopter tour that flies around the island and even spends time on the beach. You can also go on a hunting safari and hunt for animals. These companies are owned by the Robinson Family and are the only way you can visit Niihau. Don't expect to see any of the natives on your trip because access to many parts of the island is strictly controlled. The other way that you are permitted on the island is by invite either by the Robinson Family or a native resident. There is no electricity, cars, paved roads, police, or plumbing on the island
• Kahoolawe (Kahoʻolawe), is an uninhabited island formely used by the military as their base. Due to the marine ecosystem as well as dangers of unexploded ordinance and harsh environment, terrain access is strictly prohibited and controlled at all times. This is enforced by the State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Conservation and Resources Enforcement (DOCARE), as well as KIRC and the U.S. Coast Guard. Unauthorized entry can result in your boat being intercepted by the coast guard, law enforcement or military and can result in an arrest.

Cities

• Honolulu - state capital and most-populous city
• Hilo - largest city on the Big Island
• Kahuku - on Oahu
• Kahului - on Maui
• Kailua - on Oahu
• Kailua-Kona - on the Big Island
• Lahaina (Hawaiian: Lāhainā) - on Maui
• Lihue (Hawaiian: Līhuʻe) - on Kauai
• Wailuku - on Maui

Other Destinations

• Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail on the Big Island.
• Haleakala National Park on Maui
• Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on the Big Island
• Kalaupapa National Historical Park on Molokai
• NaPali Coast on Kauai
• Pu'uhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park on the Big Island
• USS Arizona National Memorial on Oahu
• Waikiki on Oahu
• Waimea Canyon on Kauai

Understand

The name game The reef triggerfish (Rhinecanthus rectangulus), the state fish of Hawaii, is known in the Hawaiian language as the humu­humu­nuku­nuku­āpuaʻa, which means "triggerfish with a snout like a pig". It is not the longest Hawaiian fish name, as is often thought; that distinction instead goes to the lauwiliwilinukunukuʻoiʻoi ("long-snouted fish shaped like a wiliwili leaf"), the butterflyfish (Forcipiger longirostris).

Where tourism is concerned, Hawaii has something for everyone. The island of Oahu, the most populous and home to the state capital and largest city of Honolulu, is great for people who wish to experience the islands and still keep the conveniences of a large city. Rainforests and hiking trails are located just minutes from Waikiki Beach, one of the world's best tourist destinations. In the winter, large waves on Oahu's north shore turn the normally sleepy area into the surfing capital of the world.

On the other hand, those who wish to experience Hawaii at a slower pace would do well to visit one of the Neighbor Islands (the other, less populated islands around Oahu). All the neighboring islands offer opportunities to relax and enjoy the sun and scenery. Many of the natural wonders of the Islands are located on the Neighbor Islands, from Waimea Canyon on Kauai to Haleakala on Maui, to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on the Big Island of Hawaii. Numerous waterfalls and rainforests evoke memories of what the islands might have looked like before major corporations set their sights on Hawaii. The road to Hana is one of the most scenics on Maui, as you manipulate many turns overlooking the Eastern coast of the island. It leads you over bridges and past beautiful waterfalls. Ultimately, you can end up at the Oheo Gulch Pools (which are not sacred and there's more than seven, but are also known by the name of Seven Sacred Pools), where the hiking is quite the experience.

History

Father Damien On 11 October 2009, Father Damien de Veuster (1840-1889), a Belgian priest who came to the island of Molokai in 1864 to treat victims of leprosy - and eventually succumbed to the disease - was canonized by Pope Benedict XVI.

Polynesians migrated to, and established communities on, the islands of Hawaii before the arrival of Captain James Cook in 1778, who is widely credited as the first European visitor to the islands. At that time, each island was a separate kingdom. With the support of western advisors and weapons, Kamehameha I of the island of Hawaii conquered all the islands except Kauai, which acquiesced to his rule in 1810.

After Kamehameha II abolished the kapu (taboo) system, American missionaries came to the islands to spread Christianity and quickly began establishing imperial enterprise and amassing political power on the islands. Their children would later become successful businessmen in the Islands and still own entire islands to this day. Pineapple and sugar cane plantations were established, and workers from other countries (in particular Japan, the Philippines, China, and Korea) were imported as contract laborers. Later, their descendants would also become established as successful professionals.

The Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown in 1893 by a group of American businessmen. While the U.S. administration at the time refused to annex the former sovereign nation, in 1898 the United States did annex the islands, which became a territory in 1900, and a state of the United States in 1959.

Hawaii also became an important outpost for the U.S. military through the 20th century, and Pearl Harbor was the site of the Japanese attack on December 7, 1941, that resulted in the U.S. joining World War II. Today, the military maintains its presence here, with several major military bases on the island of Oahu alone; Pearl Harbor remains the headquarters of the U.S. Pacific Fleet.

Over the years, many major retail chains have expanded their presence in Hawaii, making the Islands look more and more like the continental United States, often at the expense of local businesses. Nevertheless, Hawaii remains culturally vibrant. Its population, descended from the Native Hawaiians, the original plantation workers, and more recent arrivals, and in which no one group has a majority, is often cited as an example of multiculturalism at its best. There is a strong commitment to perpetuating native Hawaiian cultural traditions, as well as the cultural heritage of Hawaii's many immigrant communities from the Pacific, Asia, and Europe. And certainly, the environment is conducive to longevity...Hawaii has the longest predicted life expectancies of any U.S. state.

Weather

Depending on where you're located in Hawaii, the weather can be very different over even short distances. On the same day, on Oahu, you might find sun over the beaches in Waikiki and rain only a few miles away in Manoa Valley.

Although the islands receive abundant amounts of both sunshine and rain, rain is more likely on the north and east sides of the islands, which face the prevailing northeasterly tradewinds (the "windward" side of the island), as well as the mountain peaks and valleys. The moist tropical air carried by the tradewinds is forced upward by the mountains, resulting in clouds and rain. Rain is less likely on the coastal areas of the "leeward" sides (the south and west sides) of the islands.

Although there are no true "seasons" in the islands in the same sense as the rest of the U.S., the climate does go through annual cycles based on rainfall. The "wet" season in Hawaii (cooler temperatures and more rainfall) runs roughly from October to March and the "dry" season (warmer temperatures and less rainfall) from April to September. There is therefore a higher probability of rain if you visit during the peak of tourist season in late December or January.

Hurricane season in the islands runs from June to November. Although Hawaii's relative isolation means that it is affected only rarely by tropical cyclones, a destructive storm will occasionally hit the Islands, such as Hurricanes Iwa and Iniki hit Kauai in 1982 and 1992 respectively.

Overall, Hawaii is warm and balmy — when you step out of the plane you'll immediately notice that the air is soft and humid — and during the summer months the tradewinds provide a pleasant breeze. Daytime temperatures generally range from the low 80s (27°C) in "winter" to the high 80s (31°C) in "summer". Very rarely does the air temperature exceed 90°F (32°C) even in the hottest part of summer; however, the humidity will make it feel as if it were a few degrees hotter. Ocean temperatures range between 77°F (25°C) degrees in the winter to 82°F (28°C) in the summer. There is usually no more than a 20°F (12°C) difference between daytime high and nighttime low temperatures.

Consequently, besides your driver's license, credit card, camera, binoculars, and other essentials, it's best to keep your clothes to a minimum... a jacket, sweater, one or two pairs of washable slacks/shorts, walking shoes, sandals, and swim gear. Sunscreen is essential since Hawaii's close proximity to the Equator translates into very strong sun radiation. The suitcase space you save can be used to fill up on island purchases.

Get in

Foreign travelers entering Hawaii directly from another country are subject to the same entry requirements as for the United States in general with the exception of Canadian visitors. See the Get in section of the United States article.

As Hawaii is one of the 50 United States, flights to Hawaii from the U.S. Mainland (that is, all of the U.S. outside of the state) are considered domestic flights. Therefore, it is not necessary for U.S. citizens or legal immigrants to show a passport (or any documentation of U.S. citizenship or immigration status) when entering Hawaii from the U.S. Mainland. Foreign visitors arriving from the U.S Mainland or Canada( US Custom Preclearance) are not required to show passports upon arrival to Hawaii. Customs checks are done at ports of entry. All other foregin visitors

While in flight all passengers will be given an agricultural declaration form while on your flight. Upon arrival to any Hawaiian major airport agriculture workers with agriculture, dogs patrol the arrival baggage claims looking for violators. The form must be completed upon arrival to Hawaii and is mandatory by the US and Hawaii State Department of Agriculture to prevent harmful pests and diseases from entering Hawaii. Fresh or cut flowers, plant seeds, soil root plants and plant cuttings, live seafood any cultures of bacteria insects live fish. Food items such as fish, fresh fruits, and vegetables along with meat products are also required to be declared. Pets and any animal coming into Hawaii must be declared upon arrival into Hawaii. Intentional smuggling of any restricted or prohibited items, articles into Hawaii will result in a fine, seizure of the article, in certain cases arrest. Agricultural checkpoints are set up at baggage claims at all major airports in Hawaii. Honolulu International Airport is the only airport in the state that has a port of entry for animals. Hawaii is the only US State that remains rabies-free and there are strict laws for those that attempt to bring in illegal animals. If traces of rabies are found it will not only be a danger to public safety but also costly and will have an adverse effect on tourism, economy, and the lifestyle and would be costly for the citizens of the state. Pet importing and exporting laws are strict. Your pet must be micro-chipped. The pet must have at least 2 rabies shot in its lifetime and the second one must be done 30 days after the first shot. The recent vaccination must be no less than 30 days and no more than 12 months prior to arrival to Hawaii. In order to get 5 days or less of quarantine approval, you must wait for 120 days pre waiting before arriving to Hawaii. Penalties for non-compliance are stiff. It's not worth the hassle. (On the reverse side of this declaration is a Hawaii Tourism Authority questionnaire that asks for information about your stay. You are encouraged but not required to complete this questionnaire.) Be sure to bring a pen on your inbound flight to Hawaii.

Flights from Guam, Samoa Island, and all other international countries will go through U.S Customs and Border Inspection upon arrival.

When leaving Hawaii for the U.S. Mainland, all baggage must be inspected by U.S. Department of Agriculture inspectors at the airport. Be advised that fresh fruits (with the exception of pineapples and treated papayas) are prohibited from leaving the islands to prevent the spread of fruit flies. Consult the U.S. Department of Agriculture for more details. Bags are inspected by X-ray, so depending on the airport you leave from and the airline, be prepared to submit to as many as three checkpoints on the way to your Mainland flight: having your checked bags X-rayed in the ticket lobby, the TSA security checkpoint, and perhaps a separate agricultural inspection for your carry-on bags on the way to your gate.

Hawaii is the only state where the whole entire state is on one time year-round. Hawaii does not observe DST. In the winter Hawaii would be 1 hour behind Alaska and 2 Hours behind Pacific Time. In the summer Hawaii would be 2 hours behind Alaska and 3 hours behind Pacific Time. Arizona also does not observe DST with the exception of the Navajo Nation which does observe DST.

By plane

Most flights from the mainland US and almost all international flights land in Honolulu on the island of Oahu. From here, passengers destined for a Neighbor Island will connect to an interisland flight (see By plane in Get around below). Direct service from the mainland is also available to Kahului on Maui, Kona and Hilo on the Big Island, and Lihue on Kauai as well.

Depending on the airline, nonstop flights to Honolulu leave from most major gateway airports on the West Coast (as well as some smaller ones), as well as many major airports in the Midwest and East Coast. The flight from Los Angeles or San Francisco takes about 5 hours, comparable to a flight between the West and East Coasts. Thus, a flight from New York can take about 10.5 hours. Foreign carriers such as Korean, Philippine Airlines, Asiana, Japan Airlines, etc. cannot sell tickets just to Hawaii from the mainland but they can if originating from outside the United States or to passengers who are ticketed for onward travel (usually to Asia, Australia, New Zealand or elsewhere in the South Pacific) from the mainland as a stopover for free or for an extra fare.

Jetstar [3] is a budget Australian airline that recently started connecting Honolulu to several cities in Australia. Also Hawaiian Airlines, United, Delta, and several other carriers have several direct flights to Honolulu from Canada, Japan, South Korea, China, Taiwan, The Philippines, Australia, and New Zealand.

United Airlines does special island hopper flights and direct flights to/from Guam and Honolulu. UA 154 goes from Honolulu to Guam -Daniel K Inouye Airport, Honolulu Hawaii USA -Marshall Island Airport Majuro Atolls -Bucholz Army Airfield Kwajalein Atolls -Kosrae International Airport Kosrae Atolls -Pohnpei International Airport Pohnpei -Chuuk International Airport Weno Chuuk -Guam Airport Guam United 155 does the exact reverse. Passengers can disembark and visit Majuro, Kosrae, Pohnpei, Weno and see the island, hang out at the terminals. Fire trucks are usually there on the runways due to the runways being short and cooling down the brakes if needed. Bucholz Army Airfield located on the Kwajalein Atolls is an active United States Military Base. Passengers are prohibited from disembarking the aircraft at this airport unless they are authorized by the US Government. Passengers are also advised not to take photos/videos of the island. Kosrae Airport is a twice-weekly flight Passengers will go through Guam Quarantine and Inspection on Arrival Passengers transiting from Honolulu to CNMI or from CNMI to Honolulu will transit through Guam and do not have to be re-screened as airport security is TSA. Passengers' final destination or transiting through Honolulu will be required to pass US Customs and Border Protection.

By boat

While the days where everyone arrived in Hawaii by boat are long gone, there are limited numbers of trans-Pacific cruises to Hawaii that leave from ports on the West Coast. However, one fascinating way to experience Hawaii is by taking a cruise ship between the islands (see Get around: By boat).

There are limited freighter services [4], but if you are an American citizen embarking in the USA and wishing to travel to Hawaii then you cannot travel this way (because of the U.S. Passenger Vessel Services Act of 1886, which says foreign-flagged ships cannot carry passengers from one U.S. port to another unless they stop in a foreign country - try cruises from Ensenada, Baja California or Vancouver, British Columbia).

International Charter Group: [5]. Yacht charter and sailing, one of the world's largest yacht charter companies, can take care of all charter requirements, from bareboat to crewed in Hawaii. Operating from nine offices worldwide (USA, Spain, UK, Germany, Italy, France, Spain, Switzerland, Caribbean, Hong Kong, and Dubai).

Visa

Citizens from an ESTA Visa Waiver Country who wish to travel to the United States must apply for an ESTA authorization by completing the ESTA visa online form.

Get around

By plane

Because Hawaii is an archipelago, air travel is, by and large, compulsory for traveling within the state. Travelers can choose from either a scheduled or unscheduled air carrier. Both scheduled and unscheduled air carriers are regulated by the Federal Aviation Administration via the state's local Flight Standards District Office.

Six scheduled inter-island air carriers, Hawaiian Airlines [6], Mokulele Airlines [7], provide set scheduled flights between the islands. Travelers can save money and time by planning "triangle routes" that arrive in Hawaii on one island and leave on another.

Hawaiian Airlines and Southwest Airlines are the only two major US airlines that serve inter-island Hawaiian flights. Scheduled flight times run anywhere from 20 minutes to one hour and can usually be purchased a day or two before departure, although this may increase the cost of traveling.

Visitors wanting to fly according to their own demand (as opposed to pre-set published times) should consider flying on an unscheduled air carrier also known as an air taxi service. Passengers can simply contact the air carrier direct and arrange a time and place for pick up. Iolani Air [8] is one such air carrier. Big Island Air [9] is another.

The Hawaiian islands are populated with airstrips that some carriers choose not to service due to economic or operational considerations that make flights not feasible. In some instances, air taxi companies may be the only means of reaching a certain location or airstrip.

Hunters and campers with cumbersome gear planning trips to remote island regions and also visitors wishing to "island hop", should consider an air taxi service to meet their demands.

By boat

Charter boats sail and motor between some islands, especially the Maui-Molokai-Lanai area. But, crossing the channels between islands can be extremely rough going. Because of this, a few charter companies specialize in having boats delivered inter-island and can meet you at your destination.

By bus

On Oahu there is an excellent public transportation system on the "The Bus" for travel between Honolulu, Waikiki, Makaha, Schofield Barracks, and around the island. You can buy a booklet called "TheBus" at local ABC Stores [10] giving route information on how to get around the island. Route Schedules are also available on The Bus Website [11].

The other islands are rural and offer limited bus services. The available bus services operate within and between populated areas are:

• Hele-On (Hilo, Kona, Waimea and around the big island of Hawai'i)
• Kaua'i Bus (Kauai)
• Maui Bus (Kahului, Wailuku, Lahaina, and other places in western Maui. No service to the Haleakala NP on the eastern part of the island).

No regular bus services on Molokai or Lanai.

By car

If you want to take your car to Hawaii, it will either need to be amphibious or freighted by ship, making this infeasible unless you plan a long-term stay in Hawaii. However, Hawaii is the only state that honors all other U.S. state vehicle licenses until they expire, provided you apply for a permit within 10 days of the car's arrival. (Incidentally, Hawaii is also the only state that does not require intended residents to exchange their out-of-state driver's licenses.) When shipping your vehicle to Hawaii it must be clean and washed to prevent any soil or foreign substance from entering Hawaii and damaging its agriculture even if it's shipped from the US mainland. Valid License and registration are required. Insurance is also required and you must apply for Hawaii Insurance. Be sure to wax your vehicle to prevent rust from forming while on the ship. Car rentals should be booked as soon as possible as the price charged is based on a supply/demand basis. The exception is Waikiki where you will not need a car on a permanent basis so just rent a car the day before you want one. Collision insurance coverage is very expensive through car rental companies (it can easily double your daily rate or more). Consider using a credit card with collision coverage. All U.S.-issued consumer Visa credit (but not debit) cards, many MasterCard cards, and some American Express cards include secondary collision coverage; some American Express, Visa business, and Diners Club cards offer primary coverage. Alternatively or additionally, prior to your trip, verify that both collision and liability (also called third-party) coverage from your own auto insurance company extends to rental cars. Car rental rates for 5- or 6-day periods are often the same as 7-day rentals. Use a credit card that includes medical and trip cancellation insurance benefits; if you cannot, consider buying trip insurance from your flight travel agent. Also, be aware some hotels may charge you for car parking; check with your hotel for a parking fee before you book your car. International tourists with non-U.S. credit cards are not covered by the above. By clicking on your country of origin when obtaining a quote from the car rental company's website, often an inclusive quote with loss damage waiver and supplemental liability insurance is provided. Otherwise using a travel agent website within your country e.g. your local Expedia website or local car hire broker will often also include insurance in their quote.

In the state of Hawaii gas prices are higher than on the mainland

Oahu is the only island that has federal highways.

Hawaii does not have any toll roads all highways are free. State Highway Numbers vary on island Number beginning with 1-2 would be state routes on Big island Number beginning with 3 is in Maui Number beginning with 4 is on Molokai and Lanai Number beginning with 5 is on Kauai Number beginning from 6-9 is on Oahu. Be aware that outside of the major highways (H1, H2, and H3) most locals refer to the roads not by number but by name, and will likely not understand if you ask for a road by number. For example, you would never hear someone refer to Kalanianiole highway as "route 72" or "highway 72." H3 begins on exit 13B off-ramp of H1. H3 will take you to the north end of the island. This highway will take you to Kaneohe Bay Hawaii.

If you ask for directions, they will likely not be given in terms of compass direction. Instead, you will probably receive relative directions based on landmarks. Common landmarks include mauka (toward the mountains), makai (toward the ocean), and on Oahu, ʻEwa (toward Ewa Beach, roughly west) and Diamond Head (toward Diamond Head, roughly east). So a query for a grocery store might be met with "go two blocks makai, turn right on King and it's half a mile up on the mauka side of the street."

By moped/scooter/motorcycle

Scooters are also an excellent alternative to getting around the islands. Rental rates are fairly cheap (about $50/day, or $135 for three days). The scooters are also fun to ride and are cheap on gas (typical mileage is 100-130mpg). For scooters that can go over 35mph or have an over 49cc engine, you'll need a motorcycle license. Mopeds don't require a license, but the driver must be over 15, and under Hawaii law having two or more people on a moped is illegal, although this may not be enforced in more remote areas such as Big Island. On most islands, you can also rent out Harley-Davidson motorcycles.

Talk

Hawaiian and English are the official languages of Hawaii. However English is by far the main spoken language. There are some subtle differences in usage (see below), but standard English is universally understood in Hawaii. Hawaiian "pidgin" English, spoken by many locals, incorporates bits of Hawaiian, Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Portuguese, and many other languages, in addition to its own unique idioms. As Japan is the most important international tourist market in Hawaii, many tourist destinations offer information in Japanese and have personnel who can speak Japanese. There are also many ethnic communities that speak languages such as Mandarin, Cantonese, Tagalog, Ilocano, Vietnamese, Korean, Samoan, and the native Hawaiian language.

Learning a few words of Hawaiian can be fun and useful. Some signs in Hawaii use Hawaiian words, and most street signs use Hawaiian names. The following is a brief primer on Hawaiian pronunciation:

a as in father

e as in buffet

i as in machine

o as in phone

u as in fruit

ai, ae roughly like the igh in high

au, ao roughly like the ow in cow

ei roughly the ay in hay

ou roughly like the o sound in boat.

The Hawaiian alphabet consists of 13 characters: all 5 vowels plus 8 consonants (h, k, l, m, n, p, w, and the apostrophe) which are generally pronounced in Hawaiian as they are in English, except that w can also take on the sound of v in certain words. The apostrophe is actually not an apostrophe but an ʻokina, and represents a glottal stop: the following vowel is pronounced with a catch in the throat, much like the sounds in "uh-oh" are separated. A line above a vowel means that the vowel is extended and stressed. Before the Hawaiian language was standardized, the alphabet consisted of sounds from all 26 English phonetic syllables. Some words included "s", and "b", such as "Boki" for "boss", and "Iesu", for "Jesus", when Christianity was introduced to the Hawaiian islands.

Each vowel or diphthong is pronounced separately. For instance, the highway connecting Honolulu and Kaneohe on Oahu is called the Likelike Highway, and is pronounced LEE-keh-LEE-keh, not like-like.

Some useful words include:

Hello.

Aloha. (ah-LOH-hah)

Goodbye.

Aloha. (ah-LOH-hah)

Love

Aloha (ah-LOH-hah) (So you indirectly refer to "love" when you first see someone and when they have to go)

Thank you.

Mahalo. (mah-HAH-loh). (Although this word is found on fast food trash receptacles around the islands, it does not mean "trash".)

Finished, done

Pau. (pa-oo)

Help

kokua (koh-KOO-ah)

Woman

wahine (wah-HEE-ne)

Man

kāne (KAH-ne)

Child

keiki (KAY-kee)

Local resident

kamaʻaina (kah-mah-EYE-nah)

Toward the mountains

mauka (ma-OO-kah)

Toward the ocean

makai (mah-KIGH)

Bathroom

Lua (LOO-ah)

Avoiding misunderstandings

As mentioned above, standard English is understood in Hawaii, and Hawaii residents are generally very friendly. However, there are some subtle differences in word usage. When talking with Hawaii residents, be aware of the following differences in word usage to avoid miscommunications. Also see Respect below.

• Always refer to the continental United States as "the Mainland" rather than "the States." For instance, say "Back on the Mainland..." instead of "Back in the States..." Hawaii has been one of "the States" since 1959, and the Hawaiian sovereignty movement notwithstanding (see Respect below), most Hawaii residents are proud to be part of the United States. Using the term "the States" (implying that Hawaii is somehow foreign) may be seen as naive at best and condescending at worst. However, don't be surprised if some local people are condescending towards you because you are from the mainland. The "local" vs. "mainland" difference is something local people are only too happy to point out. Also, "mainland" includes places like Manhattan, Key West, Long Island, and Bar Harbor, even though those locations are all on islands themselves.
• Residents of Hawaii do not necessarily consider themselves "Hawaiian." For instance, when asking a Hawaii resident, "Are you a native Hawaiian?" don't be surprised if his reply is "No, I'm Japanese." On the Mainland, for example, a Californian means any person who lives in (or has ties to) California. However, in Hawaii, the terms "Hawaiian" or "native Hawaiian" are reserved to mean someone who is descended from the aboriginal people of Hawaii. This definition even appears in state laws. Because Hawaii is made of people of various ethnicities, someone whose family may have lived in Hawaii for generations may still not be Hawaiian by the above definition. To avoid misunderstanding, it is best to refer to Hawaii residents as such, or as Islanders, "locals", or kamaʻaina (as above), unless you know for a fact that they are of native Hawaiian descent.

See

• Heritage Center at North Hawaii Education and Research Center on the Big Island

Do

The Hawaiian islands offer a vast number of activities. Hula dance lessons and Ukulele lessons are popular among tourists. Hiking and eco tours are popular on most islands, with opportunities for horseback riding, ATV, air tours, and other methods of exploring the landscape. Museums and historical sites such as Pearl Harbor are also to be found throughout the islands. Cultural activities such as the Polynesian Cultural Center on Oahu also make for interesting day-long activities.

Oahu is famous not only for Pearl Harbor tours[12] but also popular are shark snorkel dives in cages, Waikiki snorkel tours as well as around Oahu Tours where you will see all the major highlights of Oahu including Diamond Head, the North Shore and Dole Plantation where you can sample menu items made from freshly picked pineapples.

Maui is the location for humpback whale watching from December 15 to April 15 each year as the massive humpbacks migrate to Hawaii's warm waters to bear their calves. Also famous from Maui is the Molokini Crater which is a partially submerged volcano crater that you can snorkel at.

Kauai is untamed and beautiful. It has been featured in many major motion pictures over the past two decades. See this island by land or by air to take in the true beauty of this island.

The Big Island is the volcano island where you can take a land tour or fly over the incredible huge volcano on a helicopter tour. Doors off flights allow you to feel the heat from the volcano, an amazingly unique experience. Also on the Big Island, you have the rare opportunity to swim with wild dolphins, not captive ones.

Hawaii is best known for its beaches and water activities. Surfing is practically a religion in Hawaii, and scuba diving and snorkeling opportunities exist nearly everywhere. In addition, jet skiing, parasailing, and kayaking are available in tourist areas.

Also, this is a great place, where you might be lucky enough to experience the wonder of rainbows, the great creation of water and light. The mountainous area in Hawaii produces sharp changes in the value of temperature, pressure, concentration in the clouds, and rainfall, which are key to abundant rainbow sightings in the clear sky.

Hawaii is a popular destination for cruises. They're offered by Norwegian Cruise Line, Celebrity Cruises, MSC Cruises, Oceania Cruises, Holland America Line, Princess Cruises, Cunard and Lifeaboard.

Learn

Tourists who want to get a taste of Hawaiian culture can sign up for classes in hula, surfing, and lei-making at most tourist destinations.

There are also a number of cultural and historical centers on Oahu well worth your time, such as the Bishop Museum and Iolani Palace.

If you have the money, the time, and the inclination, the Polynesian Cultural Center provides a window into Polynesian culture. As its name implies, the Polynesian Cultural Center covers not just Hawaii but also the cultures of Tahiti, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Easter Island, and the Maori people of New Zealand.

The outer islands also have destinations such as Maui Center for Culture and the Arts and the Big Island has the Hilo Art Museum. the Lyman House Museum and the Pacific Tsunami Museum as well as the University of Hawaii's ʻImiloa Astronomy Center and Kula Kai Caverns.

Work

Given the current economic boom, the unemployment rate in Hawaii is at its lowest point in many years and at 2%, among the lowest nationwide. Hawaii is not an easy place to legally find casual work for non-US work permit holders. To apply for a local government job, by law you must be a Hawaii resident. This is changing though. Currently, police officer applicants do not have to be residents.

Volunteering

Volunteering in Hawaii is very common for many visitors interested in eco-tourism. More and more people every year sign up with an organization called WWOOF Hawaii [13], to be a part of the organic movement in Hawaii. Through WWOOF Hawaii, members can get in touch with over 280 organic farms throughout 5 of the main Hawaiian islands and volunteer anywhere from a couple of weeks up to a year. Not only do members get to learn about organic farming in Hawaii, but they also receive fresh organic food and get to live on a farm.

Buy

As in the rest of the United States, U.S. dollars are the local currency. There are plenty of banks, ATMs, and money change offices in all cities. ATMs are scarcer on the North Shore of Oahu and other rural areas.

For a number of reasons, prices for most goods are more expensive than on the mainland, which means foreign visitors should focus on buying made-in-Hawaii goods. First, Hawaii is an island chain in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, which means most goods (and raw materials) must be transported there over great distances at enormous expense. Second, most goods are manufactured nowadays in East Asia, but thanks to certain U.S. federal laws, foreign-flagged container ships are prohibited from stopping at Honolulu to unload goods bound for Hawaii and load goods bound for the mainland. Instead, those ships proceed directly eastbound from East Asia (passing Hawaii in the process) to the West Coast of the United States, where distributors then repack Hawaii-bound goods and send them westbound on domestic-flagged container ships. Once those goods finally reach Hawaii, their retail prices must necessarily include all those additional ocean transportation costs.

Hawaii has a 4% general excise tax (GET) statewide on the gross receipts of all businesses, which is generally visibly passed on the consumer as a de facto 4.166% "sales tax." As of 2007, the City and County of Honolulu add an additional half-percent on the excise tax rate, making the "sales tax" rate on Oahu 4.712%. Unlike a true sales tax, the GET is levied on the gross receipts of all businesses, not just consumer-facing ones. This means the GET is like a value-added tax in that it targets every segment in the supply chain, but it is actually much broader than a value-added tax in that it is levied on the entire final price at every segment. A true value-added tax targets only the value added by each segment. Even worse, the GET is actually levied on itself (in the sense that it is levied on the final price, but then the final price goes up because the tax has been added, and so on in circles), leading to the strange percentages noted above.

Clothing

Other than the stereotypical grass skirt (which is not generally worn in Hawaii except by hula dancers), no pieces of clothing are more associated with the Islands than the aloha shirt and the muʻumuʻu ("muumuu" in English).

The ever-present aloha shirt comes in a wide variety of designs. On one end, there are the brightly colored, tourist-oriented, polyester aloha shirts that many tourist-oriented stores throughout the Islands carry. On the other end of the spectrum is the type of aloha shirts that have become standard business attire among businessmen in Hawaii, in the same way, that the business suit is on the mainland. These aloha shirts are usually cotton-polyester blend and are "reverse print." Reverse print means that the design is printed on the inside of the shirt, resulting in a more muted, businesslike look. This kind of aloha shirt can be found in department stores.

For women, the muʻumuʻu is a long Hawaiian dress, usually made of cotton, that hangs loosely from the shoulder.

A special note on shoes: The item commonly referred to on the Mainland as a "sandal" or "flip-flop" (or more limited "thong") are called on the islands a "slipper" or "slippa". Using a mainland term for the shoe will get you a quizzical look from locals. Call them by their island name and they will instantly know what you are talking about.

Made in Hawaii

One of the most popular souvenirs to buy in Hawaii are locally made bath & body products. The islands feature some of the most unique and refreshing fragrances in the world which you can easily find in Hawaiian shampoos, body lotions, soaps, oils, incense, floating candles, and much more.

Eat

Plate lunch, with ahi poke, lomi lomi salmon, kalua pork, pork lau lau, steamed rice, haupia

Taro, poi, steamed rice and lomi lomi salmon during Makahiki festival

Seared ahi and wasabi beurre blanc sauce

Saimin

SPAM musubi

Chocolate-covered macadamia nuts

Contemporary food in Hawaii, like the language and popular culture, is a medley of traditional Hawaiian, Asian, and Portuguese. Pacific "fusion" cuisine was largely invented in Hawaii. Well-known local chefs include Sam Choy, Alan Wong, Russell Siu, Roy Yamaguchi, and George "Chef Mavro" Mavrothalassitis. Seafood is, of course, fresh and tasty. Local beef comes from ranches on Maui and coffee is grown on the Big Island. Tropical fruits such as pineapple, mango, bananas, guavas, and papaya, as well as fresh sugar cane, can be bought in most corner stores (although you may be surprised to learn that many of those fruits are now imported from distant locales such as The Philippines & Brazil).

One of the most common ways that local food is served is in the form of plate lunch, usually meat or fish with two scoops of rice and macaroni salad. It's always a good deal at any lunch wagon, mall, or outside the food court. L&L Drive Inn [14] and Zippy's [15] are probably the most widely distributed chain of plate lunch spots in the Hawaiian islands. Branches of L&L are in some locations on the Mainland as well (as L&L Hawaiian Barbecue).

Another way of enjoying local food when roaming around the island is to keep an eye out for the converted trucks/vans that are parked in their regular spots in gas station parking lots, some parks, and a variety of places on the island. They offer the "plate lunches", are popular with the locals and provide great meals (on plastic plates} at very reasonable prices. There is no reason to fear them, they are very common and popular.

Perhaps the best setting for tourists to enjoy traditional Hawaiian food is at a luau (lū‘au), a traditional Hawaiian feast. Tourists can find luaus at various locations in the Islands, including many of the major resort hotels. At a modern luau traditional Hawaiian favorites are served buffet style, and there is also Hawaiian music, hula, and other Polynesian entertainment. The downside is that they can be pricey and prices can vary widely; expect to pay between USD $50 and $90 per adult and about half that per child.

Dishes that are often found at luaus include:

• Lomi salmon, salted salmon hand-mixed (lomi-lomi means "to massage") with tomatoes, onions, and pepper; like an island salsa
• Kālua pig, pork wrapped in banana leaves and steamed inside an imu (ground boiler); similar to pulled pork
• Pipi kāula, Hawaiian style beef jerky
• Poi, ground and boiled taro root paste
• Laulau, pork & butterfish (black cod) wrapped in ti leaves then steamed
• Lū‘au, taro leaves baked with coconut cream and usually octopus (this dish inspired the modern name of the Hawaiian feast)
• Haupia, a gelatin-like dessert prepared from thickened coconut milk; famous for being a mild laxative

Other local dishes include favorites such as the following:

• Ahi, yellowfin tuna, excellent as sashimi (Japanese style sliced raw fish) or as poke (chopped and seasoned raw fish).
• Mahimahi, dolphin fish, served as a steak, sandwich, or in almost-raw thin strips.
• Ono, a type of fish also known as wahoo. Not coincidentally, the name resembles the Hawaiian word for "delicious," ʻono.
• Shave ice, an island version of snow cones made from finely shaved ice, comes in lots of ʻono colors and flavors. Order your shave ice with azuki beans and/or a scoop of ice cream.
• Saimin, Hawaii's version of noodle soup or ramen. Hawaii is also known for its high-quality noodle houses which offer all the Japanese noodle staples (udon, ramen, soba, etc.).
• Malasada, Fried bread rolled in plenty of sugar, often sold at special events. Portuguese origin.
• Manapua, the local name for a popular type of Chinese dim-sum otherwise known as char siu bao. Cured sweet pork wrapped in soft white bread.
• Spam musubi, an unorthodox variant of Japanese riceballs (musubi), composed of salted rice formed into a rectangular shape and topped with spam, wrapped in seaweed. Popular enough to be sold in every Hawaiian 7-11.
• Chicken/pork adobo, a Filipino dish widely offered and appreciated in Hawaii.
• Loco moco, this local specialty consists of a hamburger patty on rice, topped with over-easy egg and gravy. Excellent with tabasco sauce. Can be eaten for breakfast or lunch.
• Chicken katsu, fried chicken cutlet with savory sauce. Usually served with rice and mac salad.

If you are roaming the island away from tourist areas, you may find restaurants are scarce. Many of the numerous golf courses have dining rooms open to the public that offer great meals at very good prices. They seem to welcome the non-golfer. For specific places at which to eat, see the individual island or city articles. Be sure to check the coupon books that are available at display stands for meal specials.

Popular local snacks are also heavily influenced by the large mix of cultures present in Hawaii, primarily the Chinese and Japanese. Since many of these snacks are unique to Hawaii and cannot be found anywhere else, consider purchasing a few bags from any grocery store to bring on your travels. A large portion of local snacks fall under the category known as "Crack Seed" which refers to a variety of pickled, candied, and dehydrated fruit snacks of Chinese origin.

The most popular iterations of Crack Seed snacks are:

• Li hing mui - Salted dried plums that are especially popular with the younger locals. Li Hing Mui is known for its unique sweet, salty, and sour flavor. It is commercially sold either with the plum seed intact or seedless and also in a powdered form that can be sprinkled onto rare, fruits, gummy bears, and many other snacks.

• Pickled or dried fruits - Mangoes are usually dehydrated for a sweet snack or kept wet and flavored with Li Hing Mui powder. Lemon and orange peels are also salted and dried for a salty/sour snack.

Other popular local snacks include:

• Arare - Japanese rice crackers flavored with soy sauce that come in many different shapes and sizes. Arare is commonly paired with dried seaweed, li hing mui powder, or popcorn. Also commonly referred to as "Kaki Mochi" or "Mochi Crunch".

• Dried Seafood - Dried cuttlefish and octopus strips, known by their Japanese names "Ika" and "Tako", are very popular snacks. Tuna, or "Ahi", is also dried and made into Ahi Jerky.

• Macadamia nuts - Sweet nuts commonly associated with Hawaii as a whole. Dry roasted macadamia nuts are commercially sold plain, with flavoring, or in chocolate. Macadamia nuts in snack form are more popular with tourists than with locals and are usually given as gifts.

Drink

The legal drinking and purchasing age of alcoholic beverages is 21 same with US Mainland. However, Hawaii is one of the 26 states that allow underage consumption of alcohol for religious purposes, only if the minor is authorized. [16]

Beer: there are a number of excellent local brewpubs in Hawaii. Mehana, Sam Choy's, Honu, Waimea Brewing Company, Liz's Pub, Keoki's, and Kona Brewing Company all brew beer in Hawaii or brew it on the mainland and ship it to the islands. The largest of the group is Kona Brewing, which has won several national awards and runs two brew pub restaurants in the islands (one in Kailua Kona, the other in Hawaii Kai on Oahu).

Stay safe

Law Enforcement in Hawaii

Hawaii is the only US state to not have a state police agency. Therefore all law enforcement is served by county police and the state sheriffs.

Hawaii State Sheriffs has jurisdiction statewide. State sheriffs also are tasked with manning courthouses, prisons, and correctional facilities, law enforcement at Honolulu Airport protecting all the state and government buildings along with governor protection detail. Hawaii State Sheriffs' cars are white with yellow markings and their uniforms are dark brown. Hawaii State Sheriff utilizes red and blue lights on their vehicles.

Hawaii has county-wide police serving for each island, unlike other US states which each city and town has its own police and county sheriff.

All county-wide police agencies Maui, Hawaii County, and Kauai law enforcement agencies marked cars are white. Each department's vehicle differs from the other. County Police utilize blue lights only on their vehicles and while on patrol they have their steady cruise blue lights activated to further promote active police presence. Cruise lights will remain lit but not flashing. Whenever the blue lights are not flashing, they are on duty patrolling. When they are flashing they are either responding to an emergency call, pulling you over, or stopped at a scene.

The Honolulu Police Department serves the entire island of Oahu. Honolulu Police marked cars are white with blue stripes a badge on the front door and "Honolulu Police" insignia on it.

Maui Police is the only law enforcement agency that has jurisdiction over three different islands. Maui Police serves Maui, Lanai, and Molokai islands. All other county police are assigned to one island.

Hawaii County Police serves the Big Island.

Kauai Police serves Kauai Island.

The Honolulu Police and Hawaii County Police are the only two law enforcement agencies in Hawaii and the US to have a subsidized vehicle option. Officers of a certain rank can purchase a personal vehicle for private and police usage. The car model can be any make or model but it is required to meet department guidelines and regulations. Subsidized vehicles are unmarked cars however they can be easily identified with a small blue LED light on the roof of the vehicles. Some subsidized vehicles may have interior blue lighting as well.

Crime

Theft is a big problem in cities as well as beaches and parks. If you are camping on a beach, keep bags locked in a car (but don't assume that they are safe in the trunk, especially if you are driving a rental) and keep valuables in a hidden money belt. Although Hawaii is generally considered relatively safe, it does have some violent crime, especially in Honolulu. Consequently, women should not walk alone in unlit areas. Although Honolulu has one of the lowest violent crime rates of metro areas in the U.S., low crime doesn’t mean no crime. Use caution in major cities and avoid deserted areas. Stay smart and act as if you were in your own home city: lock doors, lock cars and don't leave valuables lying around.

In general, do not bring anything to the beach that you will not use. If you absolutely must, keep valuables to a minimum (such as money), and bring a friend. If you are using a rental car and do not have valuables in it, leaving the window open can ward off window damage from break-ins. Purchasing local bumper stickers and placing them on your car can also ward off would-be thieves, who may mistake your car for being a local's.

Gambling

Hawaii isn't the best place in the U.S. for gambling. Unlike most of the lower 48s, Hawaii is one of the few U.S. jurisdictions with a strictly enforced law against gambling of any type. All forms of gambling are illegal in Hawaii, and it isn't recommended to get involved in any activity of the sort. In fact, promoting gambling to any degree is a class C felony in the state.[17].

Military Bases In Hawaii

Due to its present location in the pacific ocean between the U.S Mainland and Asia the state of Hawaii has several military bases on Oahu and the big island Hickam AFB is located northwest of Honolulu International Airport. The base utilizes the same runways as the airport. Marine Corps Base Hawaii is located north of Honolulu. Only military members current and retired, immediate family members, and civilian employees authorized by DOD or another military/government agencies are permitted on base. There is also an army base in the center of the Big Island

Natural Disasters

Hawaii is located in the middle of the pacific ocean and is the only U.S state comprised of islands and completely surrounded by water. Any natural disaster that hit the island will have a devastating effect on the islands and due to its geographical location, it could be weeks until help arrives depending on the natural disaster. Each county has an emergency preparedness plan and instructions on what do to in a natural disaster. In the event of a natural disaster the statewide emergency alert system will be activated including sirens depending on type of emergency and if it's feasible to warn the public. For a natural disaster a steady 3 minute tone will sound.

Hurricanes

while not common and rarely hit Hawaii can have an effect on the islands. High winds can cause damage along with heavy rains and flooding. A hurricane watch means conditions are favorable for a hurricane to develop. A hurricane warning means a hurricane has developed and is an imminent threat and you must take action.

Earthquakes

Earthquakes are common in and around the Hawaiian Islands (most occur on the Big Island, it is rare on other islands) as it is located in the center of the pacific rim. Most earthquakes that occur are usually small to medium size earthquakes however a large earthquake while rare can still be a possibility. Also be mindful that if an earthquake does occur that a tsunami can and will most likely occur after an earthquake depending on size, timing, and location Several safety tips for earthquakes If indoors get to the floor and get under a sturdy object like a table. If unable to do get as low as possible If you are outdoors find a clear spot with no trees, power lines, or high rise buildings If you are in a vehicle pull over and stop. Avoid overpasses, trees, power lines and traffic lights, steep cliffs, and road cuts. Stay in the vehicle parked until shaking stops and it is safe to drive. If you are located close to the shoreline or the waterfront evacuate and get to higher ground as a tsunami may be generated.

Tsunami

Tsunamis while uncommon have happened before and are a constant threat to the islands. The Pacific Tsunami Watch Center located in Honolulu monitors tsunami buoys surrounding the ocean of the State of Hawaii and other Pacific Islands including Guam. Any signs of a tsunami warning or natural disaster will be broadcast on TV, emergency alert system and tsunami sirens, public PA on emergency vehicles. In the rare event during a tsunami that the PTWC is unable to broadcast important tsunami messages the National tsunami warning center (Alaska) will serve as backup.

Tsunami Watch - A tsunami watch is issued when a tsunami event is possible and arrival time is usually hours away Stay alert for more information.

Tsunami Advisory- A tsunami advisory is issued when conditions are favorable for a tsunami such as strong waves and dangerous currents. Stay out of water and away from shore lines

Tsunami Warning - A Tsunami warning is issued when a Tsunami threat is imminent and is either about to occur or is occurring. Evacuate and get to the high ground now.

If a tsunami is a locally generated one-off a Hawaiian island or areas close to Hawaii you may have less than 30 minutes to prepare as the first waves can hit any island under 45 minutes depending on where this occurred, the location of the tsunami size, and speed.

If a tsunami comes from the US West Coast, Alaska you will have approximately 5 hours depending on size and speed to prepare.

If a tsunami comes from the South Pacific or Asia you will have approximately 5 hours depending on size and speed to prepare.

If a tsunami is coming from Chile you will have approximately 14 hours depending on size and speed to prepare

If you are located within a tsunami evacuation zone, get to higher ground. If you are not located within a tsunami evacuation zone stay off the road so that the streets and highways remain clear for evacuees and emergency personnel assisting with the evacuation. Evacuation routes are posted on roadways. For those not in a tsunami evacuation zone but received a warning stay where you are unless officials say you are not safe there.( You may have to use your own judgement as well). Be aware that evacuation can depend on where you are located and the size and speed of the tsunami and where did the tsunami generate. Tsunamis can be generated by earthquakes, underwater and land volcano eruptions, shifts in earth crust and structures, and underwater landslides.

Natural Tsunami Warning Signs are a strong or local earthquake; a sudden rise or fall of the ocean; a loud roar of the ocean; ocean water receding such as a very low tide exposing reefs and the ocean floor. If one or any of these things occur get to higher ground immediately and do not wait for an official evacuation order or warning sirens. A tsunami may be seconds if not minutes from impact.

A tsunami can last anywhere between a few minutes to several hours. Serious tsunamis events may last days. Do not assume that the first wave is the dangerous one as it could be followed by a series of other waves. If you are swept by a tsunami look for anything that can help you stay afloat and avoid any objects. If you are located in a major city with tall buildings (Honolulu) and are unable to get out of the evacuation zone quickly you may have to evacuate vertically. Find a tall sturdy building and get above the fourth floor of the building that has more than 10 floors. Do not return back to the area affected by a tsunami until instructed by emergency officials. Follow local emergency procedures along with state guidelines. Always have a plan in place. Hotels, businesses, and schools all have an emergency plan on how to deal with natural disasters. Follow their procedures should you be in any one of these buildings.

Volcanoes

Volcanoes are also a common occurrence on the big islands and Maui. Although volcanic eruption can be a beautiful sight it can also be deadly as it will release hot lava temps of 2,000 Fahrenheit or more and will also release toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide.

In an event of a volcano eruption follow local authority advice and take all essential items such as nonperishable food, medical equipment, water, and flashlights, working crank, or handheld radio. You may be evacuated via aircraft to different islands depending on the situation.

Wildfires

Due to the aftermath of August 2023 wildfires in western Maui, the town of Lahaina is currently closed to the general public. Only local residents and emergency personnel may enter the area.

While unlikely man made threats are still a possibly. In the unlikely event of a civil emergency such as a mass incident activity, air raid or missile such as the false missile alert that occurred a few years ago the emergency warning sirens will sound a wailing tone. If this wailing tone is heard be prepared to stay indoors for a period up to 14 days or more and have all necessary items with you. On every working day of the first month, the Hawaii Civil Emergency Agency will test all Emergency Air Sirens.

Stay healthy

Hospitals in Hawaii meet U.S. standards for care and can be found in the urban areas of each island. The hospitals on the island of Oahu are bigger and have more sophisticated technology and equipment; the hospitals on the neighboring islands often have limited facilities. Depending on where you are and the seriousness of your condition you might need to be medically evacuated to Oahu for proper treatment.

The main tourist areas of each island have walk-in urgent care clinics where you can receive non-emergency treatment for whatever ails you. Some clinics even make hotel room calls. Check with the local phone book or your hotel. In Waikiki, try Doctors on Call (808-971-6000). The clinic is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

If you plan to go hiking in the backcountry or go swimming in freshwater pools in Hawaii, be advised of the risk of catching leptospirosis. Leptospirosis generally causes flu-like symptoms; in rare cases, it can be fatal; the incubation period can be from 2-30 days after exposure. Do not swim in freshwater pools if you have open sores; see a doctor if you develop flu-like symptoms after hiking or swimming.

Be sure to have travel health insurance. If you are a U.S. resident with private health insurance, you should consult your insurance carrier to determine what copayments apply and to what extent your insurance is accepted in Hawaii by doctors and hospitals in the event you need health care while on your trip. See Stay healthy in United States of America for more information.

When going to the beach/swimming or spending extended periods in the sun, always wear suntan lotion or sun guard to protect your skin from burns. Do not underestimate the Hawaiian sun, the UV ray index gets extremely high throughout the year. UV rays also pass right through clouds, so you can get still get sunburned on cloudy or overcast days.

Be aware that box jellyfish arrive near offshore on beaches throughout the state about 7 to 10 days after the full moon every month. Box jellyfish stings are incredibly venomous and painful, but rarely kill humans. Always listen to lifeguards as they will know about jellyfish conditions and are trained to render first aid for stings. You can also check for box jellyfish warnings ahead of time on Hawaii government websites and local news stations.

Volcanoes can be nice to look at but beware of the risk of them possibly erupting and stay far away from the top of it unless you want to fall in.

Cope

Dress

Hawaii's laid back reputation extends to dress with ideal weather year-round in most places, shorts are common around the islands. Long pants are fine, too, and you will still be quite comfortable. You do normally need to wear a shirt in public; going bare-chested is for the beach, although businesses near the beach are tolerant of it, particularly outside of the city. Sandals and flip-flops are very common, but note that they're always called slippers or slippa by locals.

For the beach or pool, boardshorts or swimming trunks for men are the most popular, though, with so many visitors from Asia, speedos are welcome too. Female toplessness is legal in Hawaii, if uncommon. Swimming nude is illegal, although there are a few isolated beaches on each island where people risk it. Unless you're spending the day trekking from beach to beach, save beachwear for the beach and wear regular street clothes.

Businessmen in Hawaii have the rare distinction of forgoing suits and wearing slacks with muted aloha shirts. As a visitor, you would probably be overdressed in a suit; a dress shirt (with or without a tie) and slacks would be fine. If you do wear an aloha shirt for business, wear it like you would any other button-up shirt for business: tuck it in, button all but the top button, and wear an undershirt if that's your style.

The business aloha shirt extends also to dressing up for fine dining, entertainment, and even church; some preachers wear business aloha shirts for church services. As a visitor, just put on a collared shirt, shoes, and, depending on the restaurant you're going to, either shorts or slacks. Ties and jackets will never be necessary.

Respect

In general, American standards of etiquette (see Respect in United States of America) apply in Hawaii. Hawaii, however, has certain cultural differences, owing to the Native Hawaiians and the large population of Asians and people of Asian descent.

• As is the custom in many Asian countries, always remove your footwear when entering the home of an island resident, if so invited.

• Hawaiian culture should be respected and travelers should be sensitive to the state's rich cultural heritage and diversity - and the fact that the tourist experience of Hawaiian culture may only scratch the surface. For instance, there is many heiau (temples) in the Islands, where the ancient Hawaiian religion was practiced. Some of these have become tourist attractions in their own right, but visitors should nevertheless treat these places with the same level of respect one would show at a place of worship.

• If you visit Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, you will no doubt hear about Pele, the Hawaiian goddess of volcanoes. An urban legend has it that people who have taken volcanic rock from the slopes of Mauna Loa or Kilauea have suffered various misfortunes; it is believed that it is the wrath of Pele. In any case, it is illegal to take rocks or other material from a national park.

• Also, the status of Native Hawaiians vis-a-vis the U.S. federal government has become a hot topic in recent years, with some Native Hawaiian groups seeking a degree of sovereignty for the Hawaiian people as redress for the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy and U.S. annexation in the 1890s. (Honolulu is home to the only royal palace on U.S. soil.) There is currently no consensus among Native Hawaiians on what form this sovereignty should take, with some preferring the status quo of ordinary citizenship, some seeking a status similar to that of Native Americans, and some wanting complete independence and secession from the Union. In addition, private and government programs that benefit Native Hawaiians have been called into question via a series of lawsuits that have received extensive coverage in local media. Discussions of Hawaiian sovereignty and programs can arouse a variety of strong opinions (both in support and in opposition) among Hawaii residents of all ethnicities, and the uninitiated visitor would be wise to avoid bringing up these topics in casual conversation.

Some Native Hawaiians may attribute accidents caused by nature (such as a landslide at Sacred Falls that killed several people) to the Menehune punishing tourists disrespecting the land. Menehune or not, Hawaii is one of the most beautiful places in the world and its sites deserve our respect. Bottom line: respect the land and the people; there may be more there than meets the eye.

Contact

Hawaii use the U.S. postal system [18] with zip/postcodes ranging from 96701 to 96899. Internet access can be found in most tourist areas and many hotels. General wi-fi access is available only at select hotels and cafes. The public libraries offer Internet access, but only for library cardholders. Visitors may purchase a 3-month library card for $10.00.

Hawaii's area code is 808. When dialing any off island number (U.S mainland, Canada) dial 1 + area code + phone number, otherwise dial 011 + country code + city/area code + phone number. You must include the 808 area code when calling another island.

Get out

Located in the middle of the Pacific Ocean Hawaii has few nearby neighbors.

• California - The point of departure for many visitors from the continental United States.
• Oceania - Hawaii can be a stepping-off point to explore the many islands of the Pacific as well as the countries of Australia and New Zealand.
• Japan

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