reißen
German edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German rizen, from Old High German rīzan (“to scratch”), from a conflation of two similar verbs:.
- Proto-West Germanic *wrītan, from Proto-Germanic *wrītaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cut, scratch, tear, sketch an outline”)
- Proto-West Germanic *hrītan, from Proto-Germanic *hrītaną.
Cognate with English rat (“to rip up, tear, rend”), Dutch rijten (“to rip up, tear, rend”), Low German riten (“to rip, tear, rend”), Luxembourgish räissen (“to scratch, tear, rip apart”), Hunsrik reise, Saterland Frisian riete (“to rip, tear”).
Compare also Dutch wrijten (“to argue, quarrel”), English write (“to inscribe, engrave, imprint”), Swedish rita (“to draw, design, delineate, model”), Icelandic ríta (“to cut, scratch, write”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
reißen (class 1 strong, third-person singular present reißt, past tense riss, past participle gerissen, auxiliary haben or sein)
- (transitive) to tear (something); to pull (something) apart; to rip (something) [auxiliary haben]
- 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, “Aus dem Lande der Ostseeritter”, in Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun., page 100:
- Es war als rängen beständig zwei Mächte um sie, als würde sie wehrlos von ihnen hin und her gerissen.
- It was as if two powers struggled over her continuously, as if she was torn to and fro by them defenselessly.
- (intransitive) to break; to become torn apart [auxiliary sein]
- (transitive) to snatch; to wrench; to yank; to drag; to tug; to pull on (something) [auxiliary haben]
- (transitive, of animals) to kill a prey animal [auxiliary haben]
Conjugation edit
infinitive | reißen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | reißend | ||||
past participle | gerissen | ||||
auxiliary | haben or sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich reiße | wir reißen | i | ich reiße | wir reißen |
du reißt | ihr reißt | du reißest | ihr reißet | ||
er reißt | sie reißen | er reiße | sie reißen | ||
preterite | ich riss | wir rissen | ii | ich risse1 | wir rissen1 |
du rissest du risst |
ihr risst | du rissest1 du risst1 |
ihr risset1 ihr risst1 | ||
er riss | sie rissen | er risse1 | sie rissen1 | ||
imperative | reiß (du) reiße (du) |
reißt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
- abreißen, anreißen, aufreißen, einreißen, entreißen, hinreißen, losreißen, mitreißen, zusammenreißen
- Reißbahn, Reißbrett, reißfest, Reißleine, Reißnagel, Reißverschluss, Reißwolf, Reißzug, Reißzwecke
- Riss
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “reißen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “reißen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “reißen” in Duden online
- “reißen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “reißen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891