CA1252538A - Data communication system - Google Patents

Data communication system

Info

Publication number
CA1252538A
CA1252538A CA000508182A CA508182A CA1252538A CA 1252538 A CA1252538 A CA 1252538A CA 000508182 A CA000508182 A CA 000508182A CA 508182 A CA508182 A CA 508182A CA 1252538 A CA1252538 A CA 1252538A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
station
signal
control unit
repeater
main control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000508182A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jeremy R. Trask
Anthony Wiener
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAINSBORNE COMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL Ltd
EMI Ltd
Original Assignee
EMI Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EMI Ltd filed Critical EMI Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1252538A publication Critical patent/CA1252538A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
    • H02J13/00009—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission using pulsed signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00034—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission

Abstract

: 9 :

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The signalling network has a main control unit which can communicate with any of a number of home units each associated with a separate household. Some home units have signal-repeater facilities. Each of the control units and the home units has an address identity unique in the network.
When a signal is sent out targeted at a specific home unit, the main control unit monitors for acknowledgement of reaching its destination. If no such acknowledgement is received, the main control unit sends out the signal again, but re-routed via an intermediate home unit with a repeater facility.

Description

~S~53~

DATA COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a data communication3 Qystem3 e~pecially but not eolely to a mainsborne signalling ~ystem which makes use of the electrical supply wiring.
A typic~l sy~tem, for utility telemetry, ha3 a central controller located at a distribution sub~tation and a large number of home unit~ each sited at the premi~e3 of a consumer adjacent the electricity meter. Communication between the central controller and the home units is achieved by sending spread spectrum signsl~ via the mains ele¢tricity circuit wiring. Clearly many ~ource3 of noi~e and attenuation (inter alia normal domestic equipment) are connected intermittently and randomly into the system9 thereby producing unprediotable degrees of line attenuation and of inter~erance with the ~yst0m signals at any given time. Accordlngly the range oE a signal emitted from the central control tor from a home unit) tends to vary 31gnificantly, dependent on the time of day and on the time of day and on the season of the year.
An obJect of the present invention i~ to provide a data communicatlons system which i8 not ~ub~ect to the disadvantages associated ~ith the variability of sienal range.
The present invention provides a co~munications system having a main control unit and a plurality of ~tations, one or more of the station~ having signal-repeater mean~, the systsm having means to ~electively use the repeater mean~ of one or ~ZS~5~8 : 2 more station~ in the routing of a slgnal between the control unit and a station.
The present invention al30 pro~ide~ a communlcationQ ~y~tem having a main control unit and a plurality of ~tatlons~ one or more of the ~tation3 having ~ignal repeater mean~, the ~y3tem having means to detect that a 3ignal has not reached itQ
intended station(s) and mean~ to direct the ~ignal to an intermediate station for ~ub~equent routing to it3 intended ~tation( ).
Thu~, for example~ when a aystem 3ignal is unable to reach its de~tination ~tation(~) 9 it can be routed via one or more intermediate 3tations which act, in this circumstance, as a repeater.
Preferably~ the main control meanq incorporate~ mean3 to modify the Aignal to addres~ it to an intermediate ~tation for 3ubsequent routing to the intended station(s).
Preferably the main control mean3 ha~ mean3 to monitor for the launch of the 3ignal from the intermediate ~tation towards the intended 3tation(~).
Preferably the ~y3tem utilize~ a Aignal which include~ a section identifying the target ~tation(~) which is or are the intended de~tination of the ~ignal, and a 3ection identifying any intermediate ~tation which i~ to act a~ a repeater in a re-routing operation.
Preferably a ~tation ha~ mean3 to proces~ a received ~ignal to locate and inqpect any target identity and/or repeater identity contained within the received ~ignal; the station may al30 have mean~ to compare any identity of a received ~ignal with that of the 3tation identity and mean3 to effect appropriate action Preferably a ~tation ha~ a target identity which i~ for u~e when that 3tation i3 the intended de~tination of a ~ignal, and a repeater identity (different to the target identity) which i~
for u3e ~hen that 3tation i~ to operate on the 3ignal a3 a repeater.

~S~53 3:

In ordar that the invantion may more readily be understood, a desoription is now given, by ~ay oP example only, referenoe being made to the aocompanylng drawings, in which:
Figure 1 iA a schematic diagram of part oP a data communications system embodying the present invention; and Figure 2 is a ~chematic diagram of the format of a ~ignal used in the system of Figure 1.
The mainsborne ~ignalling networ~ 1 illu3trated in Figure 1 has a main control unit 2 located at a di~tribution sub~tation; this control unit 2 can communicate with any of a number of home units 3 by mean~ of ~ienals ~ent along the electrical main~ wiring 4. Each home unit 3 i~ a~ociated with a separate household and iq located at the respective electricity meter such that it can provide information on the meter reading (and optionally on the condition of the meter) and other information whenever polled by the control unit 2. In Figure 1) the home units are labelled '~HU 1~ ~HU 2" and 90 on, in order to clarify distinction between individual units; ~ome of the home unit~ 3 (namely HU 2, HU 4 and HU 6) have signal-repeater facilitie~, whose use will be de~oribed in greater detail belowO Each of the control unit 2 and of the home unitq 3 ha~ an addre~s identity unique in the network 1;
for simplicity, the address identity for control unit 2 is referred to a~ A~ that for HU 1 a~ B, that for HU 2 a~ C and ~o on.
Consider the situation in w~ich control unit 2 requires to determine the electricity meter reading for the property at which HU 7 is looated. Accordingly control unit 2 applies, to the main~ wiring 4, a ~ignal R targeted at HU7 and instruoting it to send a return signal indicating the respeotive meter reading. Thereafter, oontrol unit 2 ~onitors the mains wiring 4 for any acknowledgement signals or return ~ignal~ ~rom HU 7.
If the line attenuation or interference on mains wiring cir¢uit i~ substantial~ it may reduce the range of any signal output Prom oontrol unit 2 to ~uoh an extent that it would not reach : 4 HU 7. Thu~, if a~ter a predetermined time the oontrol unit haq not detected any such acknowledgement or return aignal, it re-route3 the ~ignal R to an intermediate home unit which has a repeater facility, for example HU 6. After ~ending out the re-routed ~ignal ~, it monitors the wiring 4 for any acknowledgement signal from HU6 or for launch of the signal from HU 6 toward~ HU 7; ifg after a predetermined time, control unit
2 ha~ not detected any 3uch signal from HU 6, it re-route~ the signal R to a closer home unit with a ~ignal-repeater facilityt for example HU 4. If the signal R reaches HU 4~ then the latter clean~ up and ampliries the signal R before launching it again onto mains wiring 4 towards HU 7; HU 4 attempt~ to send the ~ignal directly to HU 7, but if thi3 fail~ it re-route~ it via an intermediate home unit with a signal-repeater facility, i.e. au 6. Alternatively~ HU 4 notes the range of the signal R
already achieved ti.e. in thi~ ca~e from central control unit 2 to HU 4) and plan the continued path to HU 7 accordingly.
A ~ignal to be 3ent on the network 1 ha~ the for~at as illustrated in Figure 2. The ~ign~1 ha3 three 3ections. One ~ection define~ the home unit which i~ to be u~ed a~ an intermediate in a re-routing operation, this qection con~i~ting of two bytes for the addre~q of the re~pective home unit acting as the intermediate, one byte indicating the identity o~ the central control unit (nece~sary when a number of network~, each with their own central control, are connected together), and one byte for control in~ormation. Another qection de~ine~ the home unit(s) which i~ or are the intended destiDation ~or the ~ignal~
thi~ section con~i3ting of two bytes for the address of tha target home unit(~), one byte for the identity of the central control unit and one byte for control information. The remaining section con~i~t3 o~ n byte~ Or data information to be 3upplied to the target home unit(~) to in3truct whatever operation is appropriate.
Returning to the ~ituation of control unit 2 needing to communicate with HU 7~ the following table li3t~ the neces~ary ~5~5~8 : 5 ~tages when the line attenuatlon and/or inter~erence is such that the range of the signal output by control unit 2 is le~s than the distance between three home units, a~Y~uming (for the purpose of this ~implified example) that they are all equi-Ypaced.

STAGE SIGNAL SENT OUT (BYTE NOS) RESPONSE
T~ANSMITTIN& UNIT 0/1 2 3 4/5 6 7 8 X

1 Control Unit 1 - - - H A ~ Z None 2 Control Unit 1 G A Y H A W Z None
3 Control Unit 1 E A Y H A W Z None
4 Control Unit 1 C A Y H A ~ Z Received Ho~e Unit 2 - - - H C ~ Z None 6 Home Unit 2 G C Y H C ~ Z None 7 Home Urit 2 E C Y H C W Z Received 8 Home Unit 4 - - - H ~ ~ Z None 9 Home Unit 4 G ~ Y H E ~ Z Received 15 10 Home Unit 6 - - - H G W Z Received In thi~ table~ Y repre~ents the control information for any home unit acting as an intermediate, ~ represents the oontrol irformation for the target home unit HU 7, and Z repre~ent the data information Por the target home unit HU 7. Thus at the start of the transmis~ion operation, main control unit 2 applies to the wiring 4 a signal R which has byte numbers 1 to 4 blank, byte number3 4 and 5 oontaining identity H, byte number 6 containing identity A, byte number 7 containing ~ and byte numbers 8 to X containing Z. Once control unit 2 has applied thi~ ~ignal to wiring 4, the control unit monitors wiring 4 Por any respon~e from HU 7, but none is Porthcoming. Thereafter it proceeds to the second 3tage indicated in the table, and so on.

~;~S2 In one form o~ home unit for u~e in the network 1~ eaoh home unit has the abillty to functlon either in normal mode or in repeater mode. The repeater capability of the ho~e unit i8 achieved by the provision of programmed procedure~ held in memory devices; operation of the~e procedures is implementad when the home unit detects a repeater command in any rece~ved signal. The home unit uses a single set Or acce~ protocals both for its normal mode and for it~ repeater mode. The home unit consi3ts of an interface connected to a control bus, which also functions a~ a ~ystem addre~ bu~ and a ~ystem data bu~
The control bu~ is connected to a proce~sing block which incorporates a central processing unit, a clock and ROM and RAM
qtorage which include~ the normal mode procedures and the repeater mode procedure. The control bu~ is also connected to a power supply unit and to control unitq with interface~ to the user .

Claims (7)

: 7 :

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A communications system comprising a main control unit, a plurality of stations spaced apart along a common transmission path, signal-repeater means in each of one or more of said stations, means to selectively effect use of the repeater means of one or more of said stations in sending a signal along the common transmission path between the control unit and a station on the common transmission path, the means to selectively effect use of the repeater means comprising:
means to determine that a signal has not reached its intended destination station;
means to modify the signal to address it to a station on the common transmission path intermediate the main control unit and the intended destination station, for subsequent passage to the intended destination station; and means to direct the signal to said intermediate station corresponding to the modified address for subsequent passage to its intended destination station.
2. A communications system according to Claim 1, characterised by the main control means having means to monitor for the launch of the signal from the intermediate station towards the intended station(s).
3. A communications system according to Claim 1, characterised by the system utilizing a signal which includes a section identifying the target station(s) which is or are the intended destination of the signal, and a section identifying any : 8 :

intermediate station which is to act as a repeater.
4. A communications system according to Claim 1, characterised by a station having means to process a received signal to locate and inspect any target identity and/or repeater identity contained within the received signal.
5. A communications system according to Claim 1, characterised by a station having a target identity which is for use when that station is the intended destination of a signal, and a repeater identity (different to the target identity) which is for use when that station is to operate on the signal as a repeater.
6. A main control unit for a communications system with a plurality of stations spaced apart along a common transmission path, one or more of said stations having signal-repeater means, the main control unit comprising means to selectively effect use of the repeater means of one or more of said stations in sending a signal along the common transmission path between the control unit and a station on the common transmission path, means to determine that a signal has not reached its intended destination station, means to modify a signal to address it to a station on the common transmission path intermediate the main control unit and the intended destination station for subsequent passage to the intended destination, and means to direct the signal to said intermediate station corresponding to the modified address for subsequent passage to its intended destination station.
7. A control unit according to Claim 6, characterised by means to monitor for the launch of the signal from the intermediate station towards the intended station(s).
CA000508182A 1985-05-09 1986-05-02 Data communication system Expired CA1252538A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB858511758A GB8511758D0 (en) 1985-05-09 1985-05-09 Data communications systems
GB8511758 1985-05-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1252538A true CA1252538A (en) 1989-04-11

Family

ID=10578872

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000508182A Expired CA1252538A (en) 1985-05-09 1986-05-02 Data communication system

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4937569A (en)
EP (1) EP0201253B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1252538A (en)
DE (1) DE3682936D1 (en)
GB (1) GB8511758D0 (en)

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US5818821A (en) 1994-12-30 1998-10-06 Intelogis, Inc. Universal lan power line carrier repeater system and method
US5978371A (en) * 1997-03-31 1999-11-02 Abb Power T&D Company Inc. Communications module base repeater
US20020120569A1 (en) * 1997-10-16 2002-08-29 Day Mark E. System and method for communication between remote locations
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0201253B1 (en) 1991-12-18
DE3682936D1 (en) 1992-01-30
GB8511758D0 (en) 1985-06-19
EP0201253A3 (en) 1988-06-08
US4937569A (en) 1990-06-26
EP0201253A2 (en) 1986-11-12

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