EP1482464A1 - Bifunctional presence detector, management system and method using such detectors - Google Patents

Abstract

The sensor (20) has a piezoelectric sensor (21) associated with a presence detection module (23) and a slow and weak movement detection module (22). A regulation module eliminates the influence of thermal environment and its time variations. The sensor produces two outputs (SD, SP) for detecting a passive presence and a movement of an intruder, respectively. The sensor (20) is bolometric or thermopile sensor. Independent claims are also included for the following: (a) a management system implementing the sensors for detecting presence of an intruder; and (b) a management process implementing the sensors for detecting presence of an intruder.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a sensor of bi-functional presence, a system and a method of management using such sensors.

The invention applies more particularly home automation and domain tertiary.

STATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Home automation refers to all of techniques put at the service of users in their home and in non-residential premises. These techniques can be automatisms or intra or extra-localization information systems.

Such automatisms can be based on the use of various sensors, distributed in premises, measuring physical characteristics or physicochemical, and operating, in relation to setpoints, heating equipment, lighting, security and / or other equipment servants.

Such information systems have for aim to tend to remove tedious tasks programming for the user, forcing him to memorize operating modes whose practice is onerous.

Occupants of residential premises or not can be brought, in fact, because of the repetitivity of their activities, to achieve the programming of equipment contributing to the creation ambiances and security. Such programming is often difficult to achieve. The development of electronics and IT allows us to offer solutions based on a prediction of the states of this equipment, which first involves forecasting periods of occupation of these premises.

Known art systems do the most often call for fixed programming in setting performs functions managing comfort and safety. Such programming requires planning temporal according to the needs that we anticipate. So, you can program to turn on the heating at a time given in the afternoon if we estimate to be present at the house at this time. Such systems are restrictive because the programming of an equipment supposes, even if they are simple procedures, a knowledge of how this equipment and knowledge of its man-machine interface. Such a constraint can be even more strong if we consider that we must, following a lifestyle change, correct programming initial.

A document of known art, the request for patent FR 0 883 050, describes a manager autoconfigurable which performs the learning alone thermal characteristics of a building, presence and comfort needs of its occupants and of their occupation times. This manager of energy comprises means for controlling a room conditioning generator to control the amount of energy that the generator must supply to reach a certain temperature.

In such an application, the detection of presence must prioritize comfort. Indeed, the user prefers that the heating system works during his absence to avoid having to enter a cold room or apartment and uncomfortable. Any oversensing error is not consequence that an increase in expenditure, which remains low compared to the gains obtained by stopping automatic heating during periods absence. But such an application requires the use of particularly sensitive detectors able to react to immobile people and lying in a bed.

The security of goods, and in particular the detection of any intrusion into the premises, is a other application, where presence sensors are indispensable. Commonly, such detection uses presence sensors placed at points such as entry, access to floors or other. These sensors are connected to a system alarm that can alert the environment or specialized centers.

• les insuffisances en termes de couverture de l'espace et de sensibilité et insuffisances fonctionnelles des capteurs. Autant la première insuffisance est perfectible à l'installation, autant l'insuffisance fonctionnelle nécessite de rechercher des capteurs nouveaux. Ainsi, les capteurs piézoélectriques actuels ne sont sensibles qu'au mouvement mesuré par la dérivée de l'énergie thermique reçue en fonction du temps. Dans ces conditions, un mouvement effectué très lentement n'est pas détecté.
• les erreurs liées à l'insuffisance « d'intelligence » du capteur qui peut, par exemple, prendre un occupant habituel d'une habitation pour un intrus ou le contraire. L'usage d'un capteur unique fonctionnant en mode local n'a que la faculté de détecter une présence sans pouvoir l'attribuer à un habitué ou à un intrus. Seule la centralisation et le traitement d'une installation multicapteurs peuvent permettre la mise en oeuvre d'une base de données indispensable à l'interprétation d'un signal capteur.

Such an application has drawbacks well identified with current technologies, in particular the existence of detection errors or clumsy manipulations by the user. Detection errors can be over-detections, or detection faults of multiple origins, mainly:

• shortcomings in terms of space coverage and sensitivity and functional shortcomings of the sensors. As much as the first insufficiency can be improved during installation, the functional insufficiency requires looking for new sensors. Thus, current piezoelectric sensors are only sensitive to the movement measured by the derivative of the thermal energy received as a function of time. Under these conditions, a movement made very slowly is not detected.
• errors linked to the insufficient "intelligence" of the sensor which can, for example, take a usual occupant of a house for an intruder or the opposite. The use of a single sensor operating in local mode only has the ability to detect a presence without being able to attribute it to a regular or an intruder. Only the centralization and processing of a multi-sensor installation can allow the implementation of a database essential for the interpretation of a sensor signal.

So there is an improvement solution of the function of unitary sensors by making them smarter or more selective, and a choice of construction of active systems, overall more intelligent.

The presence sensors currently most used are piezoelectric sensors. Of such sensors cover a secure space more important than infrared barriers and are more generic than detectors with placed contacts in doors and windows. However, such sensors have the disadvantage of being only sensors of movement. The amplitude of the detection signal depends of course the energy emitted by a moving body but also its speed of movement. So a stationary target is not detected. It's a significant disadvantage as well in managing the comfort when the seated or lying occupants remain immobile only in security management when intruder moves very slowly.

The object of the invention is therefore to achieve bringing together the two services of comfort and security, and to solve the above problems using a single sensor.

STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

• une sortie présence pour détecter une présence passive,
• une sortie déplacement pour détecter un mouvement,

caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un capteur de présence sensible à l'énergie du rayonnement reçu associé à un module de mesure de l'énergie reçue, et à un module de détection du mouvement, et en ce que le capteur de présence est un capteur bolométrique ou un capteur à thermopile. The invention relates to a bi-functional presence sensor comprising two separate outputs:

• a presence output to detect a passive presence,
• a displacement output to detect a movement,

characterized in that it comprises a presence sensor sensitive to the energy of the received radiation associated with a module for measuring the energy received, and with a motion detection module, and in that the presence sensor is a bolometric sensor or thermopile sensor.

The presence sensors currently most used are piezoelectric sensors. However, they have the disadvantage of being only motion sensors. They are sensitive to variation in time flow and therefore at the speed of displacement of a body. Bolometric sensors or thermopiles are basically sensitive to a flow permanent radiative. They directly measure the temperature using, for example, a sensor thermopile and give an image of it in the field of vision. The added value of a thermopile lies in its ability to detect the radiative flux from of a person whatever his attitude / behavior, unlike a pyroelectric sensor which does not know detect that a variation in radiative flux of a individual in motion.

An originality of the invention lies in the fact of associating with the sensor two algorithms of processing: one using the amplified raw signal and measuring the static presence, the other performing the derived from the raw signal and detecting movement. A originality also lies in the fact of using displacement detection to calibrate detection by erasing the influence of the thermal environment and of its temporal variations.

In a first embodiment each sensor includes a motion detector associated with a presence detection module and a detection of weak and slow movements. This detector motion can then be a sensor piezoelectric.

In a second embodiment each sensor includes a zero adjustment module eliminating the influence of the environment thermal and its temporal variations.

• un ensemble de capteurs,
• des moyens de traitement principal des données mesurées par ces capteurs,
• des moyens de mémorisation des données ainsi traitées,
• des premiers moyens de traitement secondaire des données traitées mettant en oeuvre un premier algorithme propre, par exemple, à une gestion de confort,
• de seconds moyens de traitement secondaire des données traitées mettant en oeuvre un second algorithme propre, par exemple, à une gestion de sécurité.

The invention also relates to a system for managing such sensors, distributed in several zones of residential premises or not, comprising:

• a set of sensors,
• main processing means for the data measured by these sensors,
• means for storing the data thus processed,
• first means for secondary processing of the data processed using a first algorithm specific, for example, to comfort management,
• second means for secondary processing of the processed data using a second algorithm specific, for example, to security management.

• des moyens de décision temps réel de déclenchement d'une alarme en tenant compte des résultats obtenus en sortie de ces premiers et seconds moyens de traitement secondaire,
• des moyens de supervision de ces moyens de décision effectuant une analyse des habitudes d'occupation desdites zones par lesdits occupants en partant des données mémorisées pour obtenir un historique de ces habitudes, et comparant les données mesurées en cours avec cet historique des habitudes pour établir une analyse de vraisemblance permettant de piloter ces moyens de décision pour confirmer ou temporiser toute décision.

This system may further include:

• real-time decision-making means for triggering an alarm, taking into account the results obtained from these first and second secondary processing means,
• means for supervising these decision means carrying out an analysis of the occupancy habits of said zones by said occupants on the basis of the stored data to obtain a history of these habits, and comparing the measured data in progress with this history of habits to establish a Likelihood analysis to steer these decision means to confirm or delay any decision.

• une première étape de traitement secondaire des données traitées mettant en oeuvre un premier algorithme propre, par exemple, à une gestion de confort,
• une seconde étape de traitement secondaire des données traitées mettant en oeuvre un second algorithme propre, par exemple, à une gestion de sécurité,
• une étape de décision temps réel de déclenchement d'une alarme en tenant compte des résultats obtenus en sortie de ces première et seconde étapes de traitement secondaire,
• une étape de supervision de l'étage de décision effectuant une analyse des habitudes d'occupation desdites zones par lesdits occupants en partant des données mémorisées, pour obtenir un historique de ces habitudes, et comparant les données mesurées en cours avec cet historique des habitudes pour établir une analyse de vraisemblance permettant de piloter l'étape de décision pour confirmer ou temporiser toute décision.

The invention also relates to a management method using such sensors, distributed in several zones of residential premises or not, which comprises the following steps:

• a first step of secondary processing of the processed data using a first algorithm specific, for example, to comfort management,
• a second step of secondary processing of the processed data using a second algorithm specific, for example, to security management,
• a step of real-time decision to trigger an alarm, taking into account the results obtained at the output of these first and second steps of secondary processing,
• a stage of supervision of the decision stage carrying out an analysis of the habits of occupation of said zones by said occupants on the basis of stored data, to obtain a history of these habits, and comparing the measured data in progress with this history of habits for establish a likelihood analysis allowing the decision stage to be piloted to confirm or delay any decision.

• une gestion de confort dans le domaine domotique,
• une sécurité anti-intrusion dans le domaine domotique,
• le maintien à domicile de personnes âgées ou malades,
• la surveillance d'animaux, par exemple dans un zoo ou à la maison,
• la surveillance passive quel que soit le domaine : banques, musées...

The bi-functional sensor of the invention can be used in many applications, and mainly in:

• comfort management in the home automation field,
• anti-intrusion security in the home automation field,
• home care for elderly or sick people,
• animal surveillance, for example in a zoo or at home,
• passive surveillance whatever the field: banks, museums ...

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 illustrates a first example of the bi-functional sensor of the invention.

Figure 2 illustrates a second example of the bi-functional sensor of the invention.

Figure 3 illustrates an example of creation of a management system implementing such sensors of the invention.

DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

• une sortie présence (SP), par exemple pour des applications de confort,
• une sortie déplacement (SD), par exemple pour les applications de détection anti-intrusion.

The sensor of the invention has two separate outputs:

• a presence output (SP), for example for comfort applications,
• a displacement output (SD), for example for anti-intrusion detection applications.

In a first example of realization, illustrated in FIG. 1, the sensor 20 of the invention includes a motion sensor, such as a sensor piezoelectric 21, to which a first module is associated very sensitive processing 22 to detect weakest and slowest movements (exit SD) and a second, less sensitive processing module 23 integrating the energy received over long periods for access the presence (SP output).

In a second embodiment example, illustrated in FIG. 2, the sensor of the invention 30 includes a bolometric or thermopile 31, which is fundamentally sensitive to the radiation energy received (input E), to which combines two processing modules 32 and 33, one amplifying the raw signal and measuring the energy received (signal SP), the other realizing the derivative of the signal raw to detect movement (SD signal). A module zero adjustment 34, which uses the detection signal of displacement SD, allows to realize a zero of this detection by eliminating the influence of the environment thermal and its temporal variations.

Presence sensors can be used of the same type for both comfort and security.

Presence sensors may or may not be placed in all areas or rooms of the premises and inform a central system at any time situation of the rooms occupied. These real-time data can be associated with historical data: dates, timetables and, if necessary, additional data useful depending on the purpose of the service like the instant energy cost, temperature Outdoor ...

• l'un qui traite, par exemple, du confort,
• l'autre qui traite de la sécurité, par exemple la détection d'intrusion.

On the basis of such common sensors, two data processing systems can therefore be combined:

• one that deals, for example, with comfort,
• the other which deals with security, for example intrusion detection.

• un ensemble 10 de capteurs C1, C2...Cn, permettant de détecter la présence d'un individu, répartis dans plusieurs zones ou pièces desdits locaux,
• des moyens 11 de traitement principal des données mesurées par ces capteurs C1, C2...Cn,
• des moyens 12 de mémorisation des données ainsi traitées,
• des premiers moyens 13 de traitement secondaire des données traitées mettant en oeuvre un algorithme propre, par exemple, à une gestion de confort,
• de seconds moyens 14 de traitement secondaire des données traitées mettant en oeuvre un algorithme propre, par exemple, à une gestion de sécurité.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, a system implementing such sensors comprises:

• a set 10 of sensors C1, C2 ... Cn, making it possible to detect the presence of an individual, distributed in several zones or rooms of said premises,
• means 11 for main processing of the data measured by these sensors C1, C2 ... Cn,
• means 12 for storing the data thus processed,
• first means 13 for secondary processing of the processed data using an algorithm specific, for example, to comfort management,
• second means 14 for secondary processing of the processed data using an algorithm specific, for example, to security management.

• des moyens 15 et 16 de décision temps réel de déclenchement d'une alarme (signal S2) et de l'affichage éventuel d'une température (signal S1) en tenant compte des résultats obtenus en sortie de ces premiers et seconds moyens de traitement secondaire 13 et 14,
• des moyens 17 de supervision de ces moyens de décision 15 et 16 effectuant une analyse des habitudes d'occupation desdites zones par lesdits occupants en partant des données mémorisées, pour obtenir un historique de ces habitudes, et comparant les données mesurées en cours avec cet historique des habitudes pour établir une analyse de vraisemblance permettant de piloter ces moyens de décision 15 et 16 pour confirmer ou temporiser toute décision.

It can also include:

• means 15 and 16 for real-time decision to trigger an alarm (signal S2) and the possible display of a temperature (signal S1) taking into account the results obtained at the output of these first and second secondary processing means 13 and 14,
• means 17 for supervising these decision means 15 and 16 carrying out an analysis of the habits of occupation of said zones by said occupants on the basis of stored data, to obtain a history of these habits, and comparing the measured data in progress with this history habits to establish a likelihood analysis to control these decision means 15 and 16 to confirm or delay any decision.

The invention also relates to a method using such means.

In the invention, any decision is based trigger an alarm (signal S2) on an analysis specifies the occupancy habits of the different areas or rooms of said premises to diagnose any characterized abnormal behavior of an individual.

The means of supervision of the two comfort and safety functions realize filtering using a likelihood analysis. So for security, several factors are used: the decision to start a security surveillance, presence detection for the sensors and said supervision that is to say the constitution of a likelihood analysis based on occupant habits.

Claims (9)

Bi-functional presence sensor with two separate outputs: a presence output (SP) to detect a passive presence, a displacement output (SD) to detect a movement, characterized in that it comprises a presence sensor (31) sensitive to the energy of the received radiation associated with a module (32) for measuring the received energy, and with a module (33) for detecting movement, and in that the presence sensor (31) is a bolometric sensor or a thermopile sensor. Sensor according to claim 1 including a presence output for applications of comfort. Sensor according to any one of Claims 1 or 2 comprising a displacement output for anti-intrusion detection applications. A sensor according to claim 1, which comprises a motion detector (21) associated with a presence detection module (23) and a module (22) for detecting weak and slow movements. Sensor according to claim 4, in which the motion detector (21) is a sensor piezoelectric. A sensor according to claim 1, which includes a zero adjustment module (34) for to eliminate the influence of the thermal environment and of its temporal variations. Management system using sensors according to any one of the preceding claims, distributed in several zones of residential premises or not, comprising: a set (10) of sensors (C1, ... Cn,), means (11) for main processing of the data measured by these sensors, means (12) for memorizing the data thus processed, first means (13) for secondary processing of the processed data using a first algorithm, second means (14) for secondary processing of the processed data using a second algorithm. The system of claim 7, which further comprises: means (15, 16) of real-time decision to trigger an alarm, taking into account the results obtained at the output of these first and second secondary processing means, means (17) for supervising these decision means carrying out an analysis of the occupancy habits of said zones by said occupants on the basis of stored data, to obtain a history of these habits, and comparing the measured data in progress with this history of habits to establish a likelihood analysis allowing to pilot these decision means (15,16) to confirm or delay any decision. Management method using sensors according to any one of claims 1 to 6, distributed in several zones of residential premises or not, comprising the following steps: a first step of secondary processing of the processed data using a first algorithm, a second step of secondary processing of the processed data using a second algorithm, a step of real-time decision to trigger an alarm, taking into account the results obtained at the output of these first and second steps of secondary processing, a stage of supervision of this decision stage carrying out an analysis of the habits of occupation of said zones by said occupants on the basis of the stored data, to obtain a history of these habits, and comparing the measured data in progress with this history of habits to establish a likelihood analysis to steer this decision stage to confirm or delay any decision.

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