US4630166A - A.C. power control for D.C. solenoid actuators - Google Patents
A.C. power control for D.C. solenoid actuators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4630166A US4630166A US06/791,171 US79117185A US4630166A US 4630166 A US4630166 A US 4630166A US 79117185 A US79117185 A US 79117185A US 4630166 A US4630166 A US 4630166A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- power
- triac
- circuit
- control circuit
- rectified
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
- H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/223—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil adapted to be supplied by AC
Definitions
- the present invention relates to solenoid actuators. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an A.C. power control circuit for direct current solenoid valves.
- Alternating current (A.C.) operated solenoid valves have functional characteristics that make them acceptable for long stroke operation.
- This long stroke capability is a result of low open gap inductance which means low impedence and a high initial current.
- the inductance increases to increase the impedence and produce a low holding current.
- This operation occurs automatically during the seating of the plunger.
- the solenoid coil current remains high and coil burnout is possible.
- the direct current (D.C.) operated solenoid requires large power for producing large strokes.
- D.C. direct current
- An object of the present invention is to provide an improved A.C. power circuit for operating a D.C. solenoid actuator.
- an A.C. circuit having a triac which is turned on to apply the line voltage for actuating the valve, a circuit for changing from full power to low power mode by applying a portion of the positive half of the input sine wave to the valve solenoid.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example of a A.C. circuit used for operating a D.C. valve and embodying the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a modified A.C. circuit for operating a D.C. valve and also incorporating the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a waveshape diagram showing high and low current operation in the solenoid coils shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- an A.C. power control circuit for operating a D.C. valve having a center tapped solenoid coil 2.
- the center tap of the coil 2 is connected to a common ground while the end of a first half 2A of the solenoid coil 2 is connected through a first diode 4 to the output electrode 5 of a first triac 6.
- the end of the other half 2B of the solenoid coil 2 is connected through an oppositely poled diode 8 to the same output electrode of the first triac 6.
- the end of the second half 2B of the solenoid coil 2 is connected through a third diode 10 and a pair of series connected resistors 12 and 14 to the gate electrode 16 of a second triac 18.
- the junction between the first and second resistors 12 and 14 is connected by a first capacitor 20 to a common ground connection.
- An output electrode 22 of the second triac 18 is connected to a ground connection while the input electrode 24 of the second triac is connected through a pair of series connected resistors, i.e., third and fourth resistors 26 and 28, to an A.C. input terminal 30.
- the A.C. input terminal 30 is also connected to the input electrode 32 of the first triac 6.
- the gate electrode 34 of the first triac is connected through a pair of series connected resistors, i.e., fifth and sixth resistors 36 and 38, to the junction between the third and fourth resistors 26 and 28 while the junction between the fifth and sixth resistors 36 and 38 is connected by a second capacitor 40 to a common ground connection.
- the first and second diodes 4,8 provide current paths for the positive and negative "half" waves of the A.C. signal to energize the halves of the solenoid coil to a common ground.
- the magnetic flux in the coil halves 2A, 2B is in the same direction to produce a magnetic flux which is the same as that which would be produced with a full wave bridge circuit and a single continuous coil circuit.
- the first triac is turned on as a result of the A.C. power applied through resistors 28, 38 and 36 to the gate electrode 34 of the first triac 6. When the first triac 6 is turned on, it applies the full A.C. line voltage from input terminal 30 to the diodes 4 and 8 to energize the solenoid coils to a common ground.
- the solenoid coils 2A,2B are each energized with a respective one of the A.C. half waves to produce a unidirectional magnetic flux to operate the solenoid valve.
- the circuit subsequently changes the current through the coils 2A,2B from a full power pull-in level to a low power hold-in level.
- This change is achieved by the components forming an RC timing network including the second diode 10, the first resistor 12, the second resistor 14, the third resistor 26 and the first capacitor 20 which are used to turn-on the second triac 18.
- the first capacitor 20 will charge to a D.C. voltage level through the first diode 10 and the first resistor 12 after the A.C. power is applied to the second coil half 2B.
- FIG. 3 A waveshape diagram showing the aforesaid pull-in and hold-in currents for the solenoid coil 2 is illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the solenoid valve plunger In this reduced power state, the solenoid valve plunger is assumed to be seated and only the hold-in power is required. A selection of the value of the third resistor 26 is used to selectively adjust this hold-in power for a particular solenoid valve.
- the operation of this circuit does not rely on plunger position feedback whereby the delay between switching from the high power mode to the low power mode in independent of the solenoid plunger position. If for some reason the plunger did not seat within the valve, the solenoid control circuit would still switch to the low power mode to prevent burn out of the solenoid coil 2.
- the pull-in power can be whatever is required and by selecting the value of the third resistor 26, the hold-in power can be selected to be compatible with whatever is required by a particular valve.
- the electronic circuit provides the advantages of both A.C. and D.C. solenoid operation whereby A.C. operation from an A.C. line is achieved without a shading ring on the valve while having a no "buzz" D.C. operation.
- the circuit provides all the characteristics of a "full" wave bridge D.C. operated circuit with the additional capability of high power "pull-in” and low power "hold-in” which is an A.C. solenoid characteristic brought about by the impedance change in A.C. operated solenoids between the opened and closed positions.
- the circuit minimizes heating of the solenoid coil which may be reduced in size and powe requirements.
- FIG. 2 A second embodiment of the A.C. power control circuit is shown in FIG. 2.
- This circuit has a full 180° phase angle control as well as dissipating less power in the control circuit. Similar reference numbers have been used in FIG. 2 to denote components similar to those described above with respect to FIG 1.
- the solenoid coil 2 is center-tapped with a first half coil 2A and a second half coil 2B.
- First and second diodes 4,8 are arranged to supply current paths to respective halves of the coil halves 2A,2B.
- the first and second diodes 4,8 are supplied with current from an electrode of a first triac 6.
- An input electrode for the first triac 6 is connected to an A.C. input line 50 connected to an A.C. input terminal 52.
- a input terminal 54 is connected to a common ground line 56.
- a series connection of a first capacitor 58, a first resistor 60 and a second resistor 62 is connected between the first and second A.C. lines 50,56.
- a connection betwee the first capacitor 58 and the first resistor 60 is connected by a bilateral switch diode 64 providing a voltage reference to the gate electrode of the first triac 6.
- This connection is also connected through a third resistor 70 to an input electrode of a second triac 72 in the form of a photo-triac.
- a connection between the first and second resistors 60,62 is connected by a fourth resistor 74 to the first A.C. line 50.
- An output electrode of the second triac 72 is connected to the second A.C. line 56.
- a photo-diode within the photo-triac 72 is connected across the collector and emitter electrodes of a first transistor 76 by a series resistor 78.
- the collector electrode of the transistor 76 is connected through a sixth resistor 80 to a D.C. supply line 82.
- the emitter of the first transistor 76 is connected to the negative D.C. supply line 84.
- a series connection of a seventh resistor 86 and a second capacitor 88 is connected between the positive and negative D.C.
- a full-wave rectifier bridge 92 is connected between the A.C. supply lines 50,56 and is arranged to provide a D.C. output voltage at output terminals 94 and 96.
- a pair of series connected resistors 98 and 100 are connected across the output terminals 94,96 to provide a voltage division therebetween. The junction between the resistors 98,100 is connected to the positive D.C. supply line 82.
- the circuit as shown in FIG. 2 performs the same functions as described for the circuit in FIG. 1 in providing a high pull-in current for the solenoid coils 2A,2B and, subsequently, switching to a lower hold-in current.
- a photo-triac 72 and a bilateral switch diode 64 a much larger range of a phase control can be realized with the range increasing from 90° to approximately 180° of phase control.
- the rectifier bridge 92 and a low power D.C. circuit delays are obtainable without large electrolytic capacitors providing proved reliability as well as some cost saving and smaller package size.
- the delay between high and low power states is also more controllable due to the full-wave bridge 92 and the timing circuit operating in the base circuit of the transistor 76.
- the initial pull-in current is obtained from the full A.C. applied to the solenoid coil halves 2A,2B while the timing capacitor 88 in the base circuit of the transistor 76 is charging.
- this timing capacitor 88 reaches a D.C. charge level, the transistor 76 is turned on to deenergize the photo-triac 72.
- the timing circuit is floating off the full-wave bridge rectifier 92 and is isolated by means of the photo-triac 72.
- the bilateral switch diode 64 provides a voltage reference for the gate of the first triac 6.
- the circuit operates to provide full wave A.C.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 The following is a detailed list of the circuit components used in a preferred construction of the illustrated example of the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2:
Abstract
Description
______________________________________ Triac 6,18 (FIG. 1) Type 5605 Triac 6 (FIG. 2)Type 2N6073A Triac 72 I.C.4,8,10,92 Type H11J3 Diodes 1N4006 Diode 64 2N6073A Resistor 12 1.5K14,36 150 Resistor Resistor 26 680Resistor 28,80 4.7KResistor 38 3.3K Resistor 60 68.1KResistor 62180K Resistor 70 10K Resistor 74,10027K Resistor 86 1.5 M -Resistor 90100K Resistor 9815K Capacitor 20 25 μfd Capacitor 40 .1μfd Capacitor 58 .047 μfd Capacitor 88 .47 μfd ______________________________________
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/791,171 US4630166A (en) | 1985-10-17 | 1985-10-17 | A.C. power control for D.C. solenoid actuators |
CA000518463A CA1248579A (en) | 1985-10-17 | 1986-09-18 | A.c. power control for d.c. solenoid actuators |
EP86113948A EP0223042A1 (en) | 1985-10-17 | 1986-10-08 | A method for supplying AC power to a DC operated electromagnetic solenoid and control circuit for implementing said method |
JP61245612A JPS6295809A (en) | 1985-10-17 | 1986-10-17 | Control of ac power supplied to dc operated electromagnetic colenoid actuator and apparatus for the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/791,171 US4630166A (en) | 1985-10-17 | 1985-10-17 | A.C. power control for D.C. solenoid actuators |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4630166A true US4630166A (en) | 1986-12-16 |
Family
ID=25152883
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/791,171 Expired - Lifetime US4630166A (en) | 1985-10-17 | 1985-10-17 | A.C. power control for D.C. solenoid actuators |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4630166A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0223042A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6295809A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1248579A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5072328A (en) * | 1990-09-27 | 1991-12-10 | Square D Company | Power control relay for electrical outlets which maintains position in absence of solenoid energization |
US5486972A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1996-01-23 | Eaton Corporation | AC powered electrical control device with logic level control |
US5835331A (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1998-11-10 | Abb Power T&D Company Inc. | Half-wave drive circuit for meter disconnect switch |
US5870270A (en) * | 1997-10-13 | 1999-02-09 | Bachmann Industries, Inc. | Non-burnout controller for a switching coil |
US5982605A (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 1999-11-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Solenoid driver circuit for use with digital magnetic latching solenoids |
US6046900A (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 2000-04-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Solenoid driver circuit for use with digital magnetic latching valves |
US20070279828A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Andrea Brundisini | Control device for driving AC solenoids and DC bistable solenoids, specifically for electrovalves of irrigation systems |
US20080266742A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Apparatus and method for increasing switching life of electromechanical contacts in a hybrid power switching device |
US20090309054A1 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-17 | Automatic Switch Company | System and method of operating a solenoid valve at minimum power levels |
US10236108B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2019-03-19 | Target Rock Division Of Curtiss-Wright Flow Control Corporation | Solenoid coil discharging circuit |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008078680A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2008-04-03 | Komatsu Ltd | Solenoid drive device |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3689808A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1972-09-05 | Lucifer Sa | Control system for an electromagnet |
US3699399A (en) * | 1968-09-30 | 1972-10-17 | Singer Co | Circuits for controlling solenoid energization to reduce heating |
US3940634A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1976-02-24 | Rockwell International Corporation | Solid state AC power relay |
US4517620A (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1985-05-14 | J. Wagner Gmbh | Electrical feed and control circuit for the pump piston of a spray gun |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2062387B2 (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1972-11-16 | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR QUICK EXCITATION AND QUICK EXCITATION OF A DC-SUPPLIED ELECTROMAGNET WITH ARMATURE | |
DE3213515A1 (en) * | 1982-04-10 | 1983-10-20 | Honeywell and Philips Medical Electronics B.V., 5611 Eindhoven | EXCITATION CIRCUIT FOR SOLENOID VALVES |
-
1985
- 1985-10-17 US US06/791,171 patent/US4630166A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1986
- 1986-09-18 CA CA000518463A patent/CA1248579A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-10-08 EP EP86113948A patent/EP0223042A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-10-17 JP JP61245612A patent/JPS6295809A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3699399A (en) * | 1968-09-30 | 1972-10-17 | Singer Co | Circuits for controlling solenoid energization to reduce heating |
US3689808A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1972-09-05 | Lucifer Sa | Control system for an electromagnet |
US3940634A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1976-02-24 | Rockwell International Corporation | Solid state AC power relay |
US4517620A (en) * | 1981-10-06 | 1985-05-14 | J. Wagner Gmbh | Electrical feed and control circuit for the pump piston of a spray gun |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5072328A (en) * | 1990-09-27 | 1991-12-10 | Square D Company | Power control relay for electrical outlets which maintains position in absence of solenoid energization |
US5486972A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1996-01-23 | Eaton Corporation | AC powered electrical control device with logic level control |
US5870270A (en) * | 1997-10-13 | 1999-02-09 | Bachmann Industries, Inc. | Non-burnout controller for a switching coil |
US5835331A (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1998-11-10 | Abb Power T&D Company Inc. | Half-wave drive circuit for meter disconnect switch |
US5982605A (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 1999-11-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Solenoid driver circuit for use with digital magnetic latching solenoids |
US6046900A (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 2000-04-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Solenoid driver circuit for use with digital magnetic latching valves |
US20070279828A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Andrea Brundisini | Control device for driving AC solenoids and DC bistable solenoids, specifically for electrovalves of irrigation systems |
EP1863042A3 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-06-03 | Claber S.P.A. | A control device for driving AC solenoids and DC bistable solenoids, specifically for electrovalves of irrigation systems. |
US7701691B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2010-04-20 | Claber S.P.A. | Control device for driving AC solenoids and DC bistable solenoids, specifically for electrovalves of irrigation systems |
CN101097800B (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2012-01-04 | 客来博股份公司 | A control device for driving AC solenoids and DC bistable solenoids, specifically for electrovalves of irrigation systems |
US20080266742A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Apparatus and method for increasing switching life of electromechanical contacts in a hybrid power switching device |
US20090309054A1 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-17 | Automatic Switch Company | System and method of operating a solenoid valve at minimum power levels |
US10236108B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2019-03-19 | Target Rock Division Of Curtiss-Wright Flow Control Corporation | Solenoid coil discharging circuit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1248579A (en) | 1989-01-10 |
JPS6295809A (en) | 1987-05-02 |
EP0223042A1 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
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Owner name: HONEYWELL INC., HONEYWELL PLAZA, MINNEAPOLIS, MN.5 Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:D'ONOFRIO, ANTHONY;REEL/FRAME:004473/0193 Effective date: 19851004 |
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