WO2004095327A2 - System for the real-time management of a plurality of electronic meters used to measure energy and/or effluent consumed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for the real-time management of a group of meters used to measure energy and/or effluent consumed, said system supplying metering data on a local network. The inventive system comprises: a module (1) ensuring temporary and/or essentially permanent connection to, and interfacing with, the local network, enabling said metering data to be transmitted on a wide area network; a database (2) which is connected to the wide area network and enables the metering data to be archived; and a module (3) for managing the metering data by subscriber or group of subscribers, enabling consumption behaviour profiles to be established for each subscriber and/or group of subscribers. The invention can be applied to the management of electrical energy and all types of effluent.

Description

 SYSTEM FOR REAL-TIME MANAGEMENT OF A PLURALITY OF ELECTRONIC ENERGY AND / OR EFFLUENT METERS

CONSUMED

The present invention relates to a system for real-time management of a unit which can be unitary, of energy meters and / or of effluents consumed.

With the advent of the so-called "globalization" phenomenon, the various human groupings

I all aspire to well-being, essentially linked to better comfort, with maximum respect for the living environment. Lasting improvements in comfort, at the widest level, necessarily require only better use of the energy and / or effluents consumed by individuals, but also

I I complete control of these consumptions, with a view, if necessary, to the majority of these individuals in addition controlling their consumer behavior and their actual consumption of energy and / or effluents.

Such objectives require a precise global and individual knowledge of consumption and corresponding consumption habits of each in real time, in order to allow, on the one hand, the monitoring of consumption behavior, and, on the other hand, the voluntary modification suggested or ultimately constrained by the above behaviors.

At present, the management of all the energy and / or effluent meters consumed in Western societies is still carried out very often in an artisanal manner, at least as far as the reading of these counters, by the passage of an attendant responsible for recording the counting position of each on the date of the reading.

A more integrated solution called "Téléreport" was developed in France by Electricité de

France to ensure more quickly, and more reliably, the reading of electricity meters from the same perimeter, that is to say from the same housing complex. For this purpose, the housing complex equipped, for each identified consumption point or entity, with an electric energy meter, is also equipped with a specific BUS, EURIDIS BUS according to standard CEI-1142, connecting each counter and making it possible to ensure the count reading, in the vicinity of the aforementioned perimeter, from

I of a dedicated microcomputer type reading instrument enabling interrogation of each electronic counter, via the connection BUS.

Such a Telereport operation is satisfactory, insofar as the attendant, responsible for carrying out the survey at the foot of the building, can perform the latter in a few minutes, without however being forced to enter the perimeter and therefore into the accommodation . Such a process is satisfactory insofar as it makes it possible to significantly reduce the time spent by the attendant reading, without disturbing the customers.

However, it does not allow the frequency of electronic meter readings to be increased sufficiently for sampling purposes. real-time consumption measured by each electronic meter due, in particular, to the necessary physical movement of the attendant, the number of attendants also being unable to be increased accordingly. In addition, automatic measurement of the consumption of such electronic meters, by Télérelève, from a centralized management center cannot be envisaged from a new installation independent of the Téléreport installation due to a on the one hand, the volume of additional costs necessary, and on the other hand, the respect of the acquired rights of subscribers who are not beneficiaries of such automatic measurement and the necessary compatibility of the telereport process and the remote reading process. The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the telereport process of the prior art, by implementing a real-time management system for a set of electronic energy meters and / or d 'effluent consumed fully compatible in material and / or functional terms with existing "Teleport" systems in the context of electronic meter reading systems at the foot of existing buildings.

Another object of the present invention is, because of the aforementioned hardware compatibility and / or functional, the implementation of a real-time management system of a set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters fully integrated and allowing, due to this integration, to keep the previous minimal management process, called Teleport, electronic energy meters and / or of effluents consumed, in particular of electrical energy, as a minimum management process available to the choice of subscribers, taking into account their acquired rights. Another object of the present invention is, also, because of the aforementioned hardware and / or functional compatibility, the implementation of a real-time management system for a set of electronic energy meters and / or d '' fully integrated and open effluents, in which the real-time sampling of the measurement values of the energy and / or effluents consumed also allows the implementation of specific modular related services, on the one hand , the nature of the effluents or energy consumed, and secondly, the consumption circumstances and / or at the request of the aforementioned subscribers.

Another object of the present invention is, finally, the implementation of a real-time management system for a set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters in which the sampling of metering data or From this data, it is possible to establish behavioral consumption profiles by subscriber and / or by groups of subscribers, which authorizes the authority managing or regulating the consumption of energy and / or effluents to take any advertising, incentive or even restrictive measure to regulate and optimize the consumption process.

The real-time management system for a set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters consumed by subscribers belonging to an entity determined by a perimeter. common, these electronic meters delivering metering data on a local data transmission network located in this common perimeter, object of the present invention, is remarkable in that it comprises at least one temporary interconnection and interfacing circuit and / or substantially permanent to this network, arranged in the vicinity of this perimeter and allowing the controlled reception and transmission of this metering data over a wide area network, a database interconnected to this wide area network and allowing at least the archiving of this metering data, a unit for managing this metering data by subscriber or by groups of subscribers and making it possible, from this metering data to establish behavioral consumption profiles by subscriber and / or by groups of subscribers .

The real-time management system for a set of electronic energy and / or effluent consumed meters, object of the present invention, finds application in the management of the consumption of any type of energy and / or effluent, such as electrical energy, natural or artificial gas, water from urban or industrial distribution installations, for example. The concept of effluent also covers that of flows, such as digital data flows exchanged and billed according to billing on time or at volume of consumption or use.

It will be better understood on reading the description and on observing the drawings below in which: - Figure la shows, by way of illustration, a block diagram of the real-time management system for a set of energy and / or effluent meters in accordance with the object of the present invention; FIG. 1b represents, by way of illustration, a specific implementation detail of a temporary and / or substantially permanent interconnection and interfacing module allowing the implementation of the system object of the invention, as shown in figure la; FIG. 2a represents, by way of illustration, a state diagram of the service groups implemented at

from behavioral consumption profiles by subscriber and / or by subscriber groups, by the system which is the subject of the present invention, FIG. 2b represents, by way of illustration, a specific operating mode of a module for managing metering data, constituting the system object of the present invention; - Figure 3a shows a load curve for determining the power of an electric water heater; FIGS. 3b and 3c represent, by way of illustration, a process for determining the power of an electric water heater respectively of a controlled electric water heater; FIG. 3d represents a load curve allowing the determination of the delay, in number of delays in periods of sampling of the counting data, of switching on of an electric water heater; FIG. 4a represents the load curve of the appliances of an electrical installation during the full hours in solid line, respectively during the off-peak hours in dotted line, allowing the supply of services belonging to the group of diagnostic services, group of alerts, behavior monitoring group, service groups based on the triggering of a control system for the supply of energy or effluents; - Figures 4b to 4d show, by way of illustration, a process for evaluating the consumption of electricity linked to the production of domestic hot water ¹ , calculating the residual power, respectively verifying the correct servo control of the devices during off-peak hours; FIGS. 4e and 4f represent, by way of illustration, specific installations allowing the implementation of electrical energy supply services with prepayment and energy maintenance, thanks to the system which is the subject of the present invention.

A more detailed description of a real-time management system for a set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters consumed by subscribers belonging to an entity determined by a common perimeter will now be given in conjunction with the figures. la and lb and the following figures.

In general, it is indicated that the notion of entity, determined by a common perimeter to which the subscribers equipped with electronic meters belong, forming the set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters consumed by the latter,> concerns any entity formed by an industrial or commercial enterprise, a private dwelling, a building complex comprising several apartments, such as a building, a building complex or subdivision for example.

It is understood under these conditions that the set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters consumed by these subscribers may include either a set of independent electronic meters in the case of a subdivision, or a set of electronic meters allocated to one and the same natural person in the case in particular of a private dwelling comprising two or three meters with which the corresponding subscriptions are associated, respectively one. legal person such as an industrial or commercial enterprise for example. We also understand that the notion of perimeter

The common term then designates either an administrative and legal delimitation, or, also, a material delimitation in the case of an immovable or a grouped subdivision. The system, object of the invention, finally relates to a set of electronic counters, which deliver metering data on a local data transmission network located in the aforementioned common perimeter. In particular, and in a nonlimiting manner, when the management system which is the subject of the present invention relates to a private dwelling, the set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters consumed by the subscribers may include one or more meters ensuring the counting of the consumption of electrical energy, water, gas or any other effluent for example. With regard to the ¹ notion of electronic meter, it is indicated that this notion covers any energy and / or effluent meter making it possible, thanks to electronic modules integrated into this meter, to ensure the metering reading of the energy and / or effluents consumed according to a set of values coded from a specific code, not accessible to the public, and, of course, to transmit these metering values on the local transmission network ensuring the connection of this or these electronic meters to a management center for example. The aforementioned local network can be constituted by a wired network, by carrier current or radio frequencies.

In FIG. 1a, the system, object, of the present invention is shown. As comprising, without limitation, four electronic meters denoted ECi to EC ₄ , these meters being interconnected to a local network denoted LAN.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1a, the system which is the subject of the invention comprises at least one module 1 for interconnection and for temporary and / or substantially permanent interfacing to this local network. This interconnection module is arranged in the vicinity of the perimeter to allow reception and controlled transmission of metering data over a wide area network.

Referring to FIG. 1 a, it is understood that the module 1 for temporary and / or substantially permanent interconnection and interfacing is interconnected to a wide area network designated by .AN In addition, the system which is the subject of the invention comprises a database module 2 interconnected to wide area network via a gateway. The database module 2 allows, on the one hand, the interrogation of the temporary and / or substantially permanent interconnection and interfacing module 1, and,

5 of course, at least the archiving of the metering data ι with a determined periodicity. We understand in

, particular that the database module 2 is constituted by a server allowing, thanks to the establishment of a client server type protocol between each

10 interconnection and interfacing module 1, a temporary and / or substantially permanent interconnection and interfacing module 1 being associated with each entity determined by a common perimeter, ensuring an automatic reading at variable frequency of each meter

15 electronic energy and / or effluents consumed, within the common perimeter considered.

Finally, the system which is the subject of the present invention comprises a module 3 for managing metering data by subscriber, or by group of subscribers, which is

20 interconnected, for example, directly to the database module 2 via an INTRANET network, corporate network, or via the INTERNET network, or, if necessary, directly to the gateway previously mentioned in the description .

In accordance with a particularly remarkable aspect of the system which is the subject of the present invention, the module 3 for managing the counting data by subscriber, or by group of subscribers, makes it possible, from the aforementioned counting data, to establish profiles behavioral

30 consumption per subscriber and / or per group of subscribers, as will be described later in the description.

A more detailed description of a particular embodiment of the interconnection module 1 and

5 of temporary and / or substantially permanent interfacing to the local L.A.N. network. will now be given in conjunction with

, Figure lb, in the non-limiting context where the electronic meters are electrical energy meters for example. These counters can match

10 to the notion of electronic blue meters installed in France by the holder of this request, ELECTRICITE DE FRANCE.

In such a context, it is indicated that, and according to installations already carried out by the holder in order to ensure meter reading operations by telereport, the aforementioned meters are interconnected to a local network of the serial link type, in particular by a local network formed by a EURIDIS BUS, which makes it possible to route metering data from a

20 specific transmission protocol. This specific protocol, known from the state of the art, will not be described in detail for this reason. It simply indicates that the counting data is data coded in hexadecimal values and transmitted over the local network

25 in the form of frames comprising at least one meter identification number, allowing the identification of the subscriber and, of course, of the common perimeter to which this meter belongs, as well as one or more consumption index values corresponding to the pricing structure

30 applied for example. Referring to FIG. 1b, it is indicated that the interconnection and interfacing module 1 comprises a circuit 10 for temporary connection of a meter reading data device by telereport. Temporary connection circuit 10 is connected to the local network

I via an automatic switch, noted

, 10a, comprising two positions I and II and to a connection port noted 10b of the metering data reading device, not shown in the drawing. To ensure the statement. from Téléreport, it is indicated that the metering data reading device can be constituted by a portable microcomputer for example, used by the attendant. Thus, the connection port 10b can be constituted by a serial link port, the attendant ensuring the connection of a corresponding serial link port of the microcomputer constituting the metering data reading device to the aforementioned connection port 10b.

The automatic switch 10a can be constituted by a controlled switch, which makes it possible to ensure the switching of the connection of the local BUS, the EURIDIS BUS, on the connection port 10b, in order to ensure in position II, the connection of the micro- computer constituting the metering data reading device at the aforementioned local BUS, and, ultimately, to all of the electronic counters connected to the latter.

On the contrary, when the automatic switch 10a is not controlled to ensure the aforementioned connection, as shown in FIG. 1b, the switching position of the automatic switch 10a, position I, makes it possible to ensure the connection of the local BUS, the BUS EURIDIS outwards, and in particular towards the wide area network as will be described below.

For this purpose, the interconnection and interfacing module 1 also comprises a interfacing module 11 which is substantially permanent to the local network, the interfacing module 11 possibly comprising, as shown in FIG. 1b, a formatting unit for the count data with reference lia. This formatting unit is interconnected to the local network by means of the automatic switch 10a, in particular in the position shown in FIG. 1b. The substantially permanent interfacing module 11 further comprises a connecting member denoted 11b which may consist of a modem or a network expansion card for example. This link member 11b is interconnected, to the formatting unit 11a and to the wide area network .A.N. via an IF port or interface, as shown in Figure 1b and Figure 4e.

In general, it is indicated that the concept of substantially permanent interfacing relating to module 11 naturally covers the interconnection of the aforementioned interfacing module 11 to the local BUS L.A.N. during almost all of the time, apart from the switching of the automatic switch 10a during the connection of the laptop computer constituting the metering data reading device by the attendant at the interface 10b for reading by telereport.

It is understood in particular that such readings by Téléreport are currently carried out every six months in the case of the reading of electrical energy meters for example, and that, consequently, the Connection of the interface module 11 to the local BUS is substantially permanent except during the interventions of the attendant. In fact, the automatic switch 10a under these conditions is actuated by the presence of the metering data reading device, that is to say the microcomputer, to ensure the connection of the metering data reading device to the network. local LAN in the presence of the meter reading device, and, on the contrary, the connection of the substantially permanent interfacing module 11 to the local LAN otherwise, that is to say in the absence of connection of the data reading device of counting by Téléreport by the attendant.

Preferably, the automatic switch 10a is a switch with magnetic control for example.

For this purpose, there is shown in Figure 1b, a magnetic loop 10c and the computer constituting the metering data reading device, when the latter is interconnected to the serial link port 10b by the attendant, due to the proximity a specific magnetic part such as a permanent magnet or the like, for example equipping the aforementioned microcomputer. This specific magnetic part ensures the tilting of the automatic switch 10a in position II of FIG. 1b. Preferably, and for security reasons, it is understood that the magnetic loop 10c can be accompanied by a security circuit activated by a code transmitted by the serial link port 10b and making it possible to activate only the aforementioned magnetic loop, and finally the switching of the automatic switch 10a from position I to position II, when the only effective transmission of the code by the computer constituting the metering data reading device. Any other type of automatic switch, other than magnetic, ⁰ can also be used. The mode of implementation of the module, 1 of interconnection and temporary interfacing and / or ,; substantially permanent as described above in connection with FIG. 1b gives all satisfaction insofar as it ensures, on the one hand, the automatic interconnection of the meter reading data device by telereport inserted by the attendant, and, on the other hand, the automatic disconnection of the substantially permanent interfacing module 11 to the local network during this operation. It therefore avoids any risk of collision on the local BUS between transmission of metering data collected by Téléreport by the attendant and transmission of metering data transmitted by Télérelève, in accordance with the implementation of the real-time management system, object of the present invention. Indeed, in the most unfavorable case, and, in particular during the implementation of a local BUS via a EURIDIS BUS and for a number of electric energy meters for example equal to 100, it is possible to send requests to consult each counter with a high frequency of the order of every ten minutes, or six times an hour, for example. The probability that a metering data reading process by remote reading conflicts with a metering reading process by telereport, semi-annually or monthly, is then likely to become very high in the absence of switching devices such as as provided by the module for temporary and / or substantially permanent interconnection and interfacing in accordance with the object of the present invention, since the interrogation + response time of the electronic meters 5 interrogated exceeds the period of availability of the BUS. The

, circuit 10 of temporary connection can advantageously

_! be constituted by a so-called Téléreport box comprising a flexible blade switch or ILS constituting the automatic switch 10a. The reed switch

10 flexible has the property of tilting from one position to another when a permanent magnet is approached. It is for example a permanent magnet secured to the portable microcomputer to temporarily fix it on a metallic structure which supports the module 1.

Differently, the automatic switch 10a can also be controlled by the variation of the current and the voltage of the Euridis BUS, when the portable microcomputer is connected.

Regarding the formatting unit of

20 counting data 11a, it is indicated that this can advantageously consist of a software module for decoding the hexadecimal codes constituting the fields of the frames transmitted on the EURIDIS BUS constituting the local network, and in another software module making it possible to

25 translate the decoded values of the corresponding fields into text files for example. The choice of transforming the decoded values into text files is guided by the fact that. corresponding character strings, representative of the information contained in the fields

30 of the constituent frames of the counting data can then be used, interpreted and ultimately easily processed using powerful database manager software such as SQL Server 8.0 or ACCESS 2002 marketed by MICROSOFT.

A more detailed description of the implementation of management services from behavioral consumption profiles per subscriber and / or by subscriber groups in accordance with the system which is the subject of the present invention will now be given in conjunction with FIGS. 2a, 2b and following. In general, it is indicated that the aforementioned services correspond to the definition of behavioral consumption profiles by subscriber and / or by groups of subscribers, so as to allow the communication of these profiles or of the essential results relating to these profiles ^ consumption either to the subscribers themselves, in order to allow them to correct their consumption pattern on their own initiative, or to the regulatory authorities and / or managers of the relevant effluent or energy distribution services, in order to allow the latter to issue or promote any incentive and / or promotional, or even coercive, measure that they deem necessary in order to optimize the consumption process and in particular to minimize energy losses and / or of effluents by uncontrolled consumption.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 2a, the services, linked to the aforementioned behavioral consumption profiles, may include at least one GSD group of diagnostic services comprising at least the evaluation of consumption by use, and, for example the evaluation domestic hot water consumption, a alert service group designated GSA, the alert being established on the basis of consumption values per use, a group of behavior monitoring services GSC, this group including, for example, consumption history services, consumption between two dates, detection of the start-up date and extinction of a

I electric heating, detection of periods of absence

I of the subscriber and those close to him, an electrical heating programming control service and

Finally, a group of GSCD services based on the triggering of a control system for the supply of energy or effluents.

, All the services linked to the aforementioned behavioral consumption profiles, in accordance with

A particularly remarkable aspect of the system for real-time management of a set of electronic energy and / or effluent consumed meters, object of the present invention, can be implemented in a particularly advantageous manner from module 3 0 for managing metering data and / or module 2 of the database interconnected to the wide area network under the conditions below.

In general, it will be recalled that the wide area network can be constituted by any type of data transmission network and in particular by the switched telephone network PSTN or a specific AN network

(Internet...) . In addition, depending on the specific modes of implementation, it is indicated that the control of the data collection by remote reading process conforms to the object of the present invention, that is to say when the automatic switch 10a is in position I on the FIG. 1b, can be carried out either directly by the module 3 for managing the counting data, or, on the contrary, directly by means of the module 2 of the database for example, which can then play the role of a station of autonomous call or controlled by the module 3 _ι counting data management by subscriber or

, by groups of subscribers. In particular, and according to a particularly advantageous specific operating mode, it is indicated that the module 3 for managing the counting data can comprise a software module for controlling the reception of the counting data according to a controlled sampling frequency of the aforementioned counting data. . To ensure the process of reading metering data by remote reading, in accordance with the object of the present invention, it is indicated that the sampling frequency, that is to say of reading these metering data, can be established. at a value close to ten minutes for each electronic counter. The aforementioned ten-minute value makes it possible to ensure a real-time reading and therefore to ensure a vision of the behavioral consumption profiles to the nearest sampling period, that is to say period close to ten minutes, which of course justifies the concept of real-time management to the value of the aforementioned sampling period.

The concept of real-time management is therefore completely justified from the point of view of the manager of the energy and / or effluent distribution using the system which is the subject of the present invention. In addition, the module 3 for managing the counting data may include, in particular advantageous, a software module for adjusting the frequency of controlled sampling of the counting data as a function of the service provided, that is to say of the profile corresponding to the service, as mentioned previously in the description of a leaves and

I

, electronic meter and / or subscriber, on the other hand.

, Thus, with reference to FIG. 2b, we consider a set of N electronic counters belonging to the same common perimeter, each electronic counter being

10 designated by EC. The aforementioned software modules then make it possible to carry out a sampling of the counting data at the basic frequency, that is to say every ten minutes for example, for all the counters whose index i, that is to say - say the identification number, is

_: 15 such that i ≠ p. These counters can be sampled at the frequency F0, that is to say every ten minutes corresponding to a controlled basic sampling frequency, but one of the counters, for example the electronic counter EC _P , is on the contrary sampled

20 with an adjusted frequency, the frequency FI, in order to make it possible to obtain more information on the consumption habits of the subscriber holder of the aforementioned counter EC _P. In the example given in FIG. 2b, it is indicated that the frequency Fl = 2F0, the sampling frequency of the

25 counting data for the electronic counter EC _P being reduced to a sampling period of five minutes for example. This operating mode makes it possible, in a particularly advantageous manner, to ensure for some of the counters a reading of counting data, nested by

30 compared to the others in order, in particular, to make it possible to establish consumption signatures, a set of signatures consumption constituting a consumption profile for the subscriber holding the corresponding electronic counter with identification number p. During the time ^{'availability} BUS LAN between two statement of operations was not above the base frequency, the substantially continuous connection system performs a very common statement, every 10 seconds, for example, a counter of a customer particular to characterize the devices or the consumption uses of the effluent measured by the meter, by comparing them to signature databases.

For other effluents (Sanitary Cold Water, Sanitary Hot Water, City Gas ...), the sampling frequency can be reduced to two readings per 24 hours, during periods of absence, presumed to be of voluntary consumption, every night at 3 o'clock and 3.30 a.m. for example, which makes it possible, among other things, to detect possible water leaks or to characterize the presence of a gas appliance equipped with a pilot light. In addition, it is recalled that the metering data are available in the form of metering data frames comprising at least, after translation in the form of a text file, an index of energy consumption and / or effluents. These data frames are identified by an identification code specific to each electronic meter. These files memorized and stored for example at the level of database module 2 interconnected to the wide area network can correspond to a format file according to the table below:

, The format of the aforementioned data may include, by way of non-limiting example, the following data fields: date field: DATE; read time field: H_LECT; writing time field: H_ECR; Tariff option field: OPTARIF if the subscriber has selected a tariff; maximum intensity value field: IMAX 'corresponding to the contract signed by the subscriber, value corresponding to the' maximum current in amps for example; - consumption index fields index 1 and index 2; voltage field: tensSl; consumption index fields in Watt / hour: I1ICC and 12ICC, which express consumption in Watt / hour when in off-peak hours, respectively in peak hours, these last two fields corresponding to continuously increasing values.

With reference to the above table, it is indicated that the module 3 for managing metering data by subscriber or by groups of subscribers comprises a software calculation module, based on all of the energy consumption indexes and / or of effluents, and by meter or by groups of meters, that is to say ultimately by subscriber or by group of subscribers, of a load curve relating to each electronic meter over a determined measurement period and a software calculation module from the curve of charge of at least one consumption signature established between two separate moments of the period. measure 'determined above. It is thus understood that the consumption profiles can be established from a set of consumption signatures as will be described below in the description.

. With regard to the concept of consumption signature, it is indicated that this concept covers within the framework of the system, object of the present invention, any structure of consumption data, that is to say of energy, of electric power. called, intensity and / or phase shift, over a fixed period, that is to say

I ι in a context of consumption corresponding to the aforementioned duration.

Of course, the measurement or calculation time is left to the initiative of the system user manager, object of the present invention, because this time, depending on the relative place thereof by, compared to the consumption process substantially of each subscriber, is indicative of a specific consumption mode of the latter and therefore constitutes a signature of consumption.

Some examples of signature calculations from data frames as represented by the above table will now be given purely by way of illustration: a) calculation of the active power between two sampling instants:

By definition, between two successive moments of sampling n and n + 1 the active power is given by the relation (1):

P ACTIVE

In this relation, the ICC index designates one of the consumption indexes taken into account and Δt designates the time step which is substantially constant in seconds. The difference in index to numerator 'corresponds to a

1 consumption of energy expressed for example in hours and the division of this energy by a time, that is to say a duration makes it possible to obtain a power in Watts.

The summation of 1 = 1 to 6 corresponds, by way of nonlimiting example, to the summation of the consumption indexes by tariff range for the tariff subscribed by the subscriber, a number of six tariff ranges being taken as an example in particular. under the tariffs applied by the holder Electricité de France.

From the successive active power values it is possible to obtain the signature of a so-called switching power, defined as the difference between the powers previously calculated in order to determine which are the steps of greatest increase in power, this difference between two successive active powers being called the switching power. The switching power is significant and ¹ therefore represents a signature at the instant of engagement considered corresponding to two successive moments of sampling of the type of apparatus engaged and thus constitutes a signature of consumption. In general, it is indicated that the successive frames converted to text mode have ever increasing consumption indexes. However, careful> experimentation has shown that these indexes could present outliers from the decoding of hexadecimal values, or due to an untimely power outage.

It is then advisable to make tests of consistency on the data and to remove any outlier from the consumption index (example Non-increasing index, 'Impossible powers'), these outliers can ultimately only distort the calculations ι ι and the profiles corresponding consumption.

A particularly advantageous method consists in traversing the load curve, defined as the value of the instantaneous power called over a measurement period, the instantaneous power being calculated as previously indicated with reference to relation (1), and, in comparing the value of the relevant index, i.e. the I1ICC or I2ICC index at the previous value of this index at the time of the previous sampling. Due to the fact that these index values are always increasing, any index whose value is lower than the previous value is then deleted, as are all the values whose indexes are lower than the last largest index stored. The corrected index values can then be stored according to a diagnostic file on which the calculations of consumption signatures and therefore of consumption profiles can then be performed. 5 b) Another example of signature calculation concerns the calculation of total monthly consumption

I for a subscriber or an electronic counter equipping this

I last.

At this stage of the calculation of the signatures of

10 consumption aforementioned, it is recalled that the outliers of index have been removed.

Under these conditions, and in order to obtain the monthly consumption, the module 3 for managing the metering data may include a software calculation module.

, 15 used to calculate the difference between the index corresponding to the date of the beginning of the month and the consumption index corresponding to the date of end of the month. Such a calculation allows, for example, to offer a monthly consumption history service, the

20 consumers or subscribers are always in high demand.

Two examples of major interest for the implementation of the system, object of the present invention, examples of calculation of signatures, will be given in connection with FIG. 3a, signature relating to the determination of the

25 power of an electric water heater, respectively FIG. 3d, signature relating to the number of delays in switching on an electric water heater.

Determining the power of an electric water heater 30 Process 1: This process consists in detecting the days for which the load curve of the meter electronics considered is not disturbed by multiple uses, that is to say around 11 p.m. These days correspond ^'virtually days away occupant dwelling subscriber. Indeed, such days have the particularity of having a charge curve whose power is very low or almost zero during the day, which nevertheless presents a revival of the electric water heater at night, in particular around the time of switch to off-peak pricing. Such a situation is represented in FIG. 3a where the ordinate axis is graduated in power in Watts and the abscissa axis in hours.

Under these conditions, the process consists, as illustrated in FIG. 3b: - of choosing A the days of absence from among all the days available in the load curve of the electronic counter considered. These days are determined by selecting the days when the power P is less than a threshold value P _σ of the order of 50 Watts for example, between 10 pm and 11 pm, and when this power called is also less than this same value threshold the next day; the values of power called, that is to say active power, are isolated and stored in memory B to obtain the load curve corresponding to the nights obtained over several nights if these are multiple; we determine C the maximum value of the active power or power called during this time slot and we obtain for the electronic meter considered several Pj values when several days of absence are highlighted>; we calculate D the power of the electric water heater by calculating the average value of the maximum power values called for. the electronic counter

considered, PQE

Such a process gives satisfaction, provided that the occupants of the accommodation of 1. ' subscriber considered to be absent once during the period of time subject to investigation.

Process 2: for a servo-controlled electric water heater, that is to say the switch-on command of which is automatic and controlled for example by means of control orders transmitted on the power supply line and always in reference with FIG. 3a, such a process can consist as illustrated in FIG. 3c:

- to select E from the active power values called in the load curve the values corresponding to the transition to off-peak hours, that is to say for example 23 hours; calculating F the difference between the power of the next frame and the previous frame to calculate the so-called switching power;

- G is then assigned to the power P _CE of the electric water heater the switching power calculated between the two successive frames mentioned above since the switching power corresponds to the nominal power of the electric water heater, because the latter is slaved to the order of engagement at the scheduled 23 hour engagement time.

This process can be carried out satisfactorily, but the switching power can, however, be disturbed by the simultaneous switching on or off of devices other than the electric water heater itself, due to the fact that the aforementioned processing actually requires two time steps, that is to say two data sampling steps as mentioned previously. in the description.

Finally, it should be noted that this second process is only justified when the electric water heater is slaved but that, however, shifts in the switch-on time can also be programmed for reasons of operating requirements.

A final example of calculation of specific consumption signatures will now be given in connection with FIG. 3d with regard to the calculation of the number of delays in switching on a controlled electric water heater.

Referring to Figure 3d, in which the ordinate axis is graduated in called powers expressed in Watts and the abscissa axis in hours, minutes and seconds, the process of diagnosing the number of delays in switching on the water heater , this number being able to be expressed in periods of sampling of the counting data, can consist in comparing the active power called with a threshold value PI. The power of the most common electric water heaters being around 2000 Watts, the aforementioned threshold value can be chosen equal to 1500 Watts. In FIG. 3d, the active power or power called in peak hours is represented, that is to say during the activity of the occupants of the dwelling up to 23 hours 01 minute, 19 seconds in solid line and the power 'called in off-peak hours in dotted lines. The comparison of the power demand in off-peak hours with the threshold value of 1500 Watts shows that at 23 hours the 'electric water heater is not in operation and ¹ that the switch-on of the latter has been shifted at approximately 0 hours 16 minutes, when the power demand has become greater than 1500 Watts.

For the implementation of the calculation of the signatures for determining the power of an electric water heater described previously in conjunction with FIG. 3a and if necessary to calculate the number of delays in switching on an electric water heater by compared to the usual presumed switch-on time, it is advantageous to carry out a sampling of the count values at an adjusted sampling frequency, that is to say in accordance with the sampling mode of the Ecp counter at doubled IF frequency, as well as. described previously in the description in conjunction with Figure 2b. It is understood in particular that the zoom effect obtained allows at least, in the case of determining the power of the electric water heater, to benefit from the effect due to the oversampling of the aforementioned count values.

Specific examples of implementation of the various services previously described in conjunction with Figure 2a will now be given below in the description in conjunction with Figures 4a to 4c.

^D consumption estimation service by usage of the GSD diagnostic services group:

Subscribers wish to know, even approximately, the parts of their bill linked to the main uses of electricity with reasonable accuracy, of the order of 10%, 'with regard to: - DHW hot water; ₍ heating when electric heating is installed, - cooking in particular when electric ovens are installed; - cold, cold corresponding to the use of devices with almost continuous consumption, such as, freezers or refrigerators; the rest, the rest comprising the consumption of electrical energy in lighting, that of televisions, alarm clocks or the like.

The system which is the subject of the present invention proposes to offer a service for estimating consumption by use on the basis of an evaluation of the consumption of controlled domestic hot water, hereinafter referred to as DHW consumption. This evaluation makes it possible, by subtraction, to then deduct the heating consumption in particular from an estimate of the residual power called up as will be described below. Assessment of DHW-A consumption: The process consists, from the load curve of the electronic meter in question and the power drawn by the electric water heater, to detect the operating time of the electric water heater in hours hollow, that is to say during the night, then to estimate the consumption by evaluation of the corresponding area.

Thus, and taking into account the start time of the electric water heater which coincides with the time of transition to off-peak hours, that is to say at 11 pm or an hour programmed in accordance with operating requirements , the process consists, as shown in Figure 4b:

- to select H on the load curve, the power values' corresponding to the ON instants of the electric water heater, ie around 11 pm;

- we take into account I the power values two sampling steps after the switch-on time in order to give the electric water heater time to give its full power because the rise in power of this type of equipment can be do it over two sampling periods for example. These successive power values make it possible to determine an average power designated Piateau which corresponds to the electric power called by the electric water heater during its operating time;

- The instant Tl of the electric water heater is estimated by the instant when the 'power demand has dropped to a level significantly lower than the power P plateau; this significant value can be taken equal to piateau -0.7 x [PECS_A] or ultimately to a value. corresponding to PtO corresponding to the switching power of the electric water heater + 0.3 x [PECS_A] or PECSA designates the power of the electric water heater considered. Remember that the power of the water heater

I electrical could be measured according to the process described above in the description. we calculate K the area AR = Ppiaeau x (Tl-TO) the consumption of domestic hot water verifying the relationship C _DHW - _A = AR.

"Service relating to the calculation of the minimum residual power of the investigation period.

The evaluation or calculation of such a residual power appears particularly interesting since this power corresponds to that of the devices on standby in the subscriber's accommodation and with substantially continuous operation such as a video recorder, television set, radio alarm clocks, heating pumps. central for example. A process making it possible to provide a service for evaluating and calculating the residual power for a period of investigations can then consist of as shown in FIG. 4c: counting L the number N of time ranges for which the power called is totally zero , these ranges being likely to represent a tripping of the circuit breaker; to sort M by increasing values the power values of the charge curve and discard the values for which the power called is zero then delete the first N values, which may correspond to resetting of the circuit breaker; to calculate N the average of the following R values with R = number of sampling steps of counting values of the series divided by 1000.

At the end of the calculation process, the following elements and calculation results are available: average residual power: average of the R values expressed in Watts; - value of the first residual power, ie the minimum RI; - value of the residual power of rank R, that is to say the maximum R.

"Service of alert service groups:

In general, it is indicated that the alert services are also very popular with subscribers. The alerts are consecutive to the detection of a malfunction in the private parts of housing or common buildings, dysfunction such as prolonged shutdown of an elevator, controlled mechanical ventilation or other.

Firstly, we can cite as an alert service the alert in the event of overconsumption. Such a service requires, at most, one statement per month and can consist in comparing the consumption value calculated over this period with an average consumption value for the electric meter considered. Average value calculated on successive monthly actual consumption values. Another alert service may consist in indicating the residual power of the investigation period.

The calculation of the residual power has been described previously in the description. This value indicates to the subscriber the continuous operation of devices.

Given the definition of residual power, such a parameter corresponds, in fact, to an indication of the power called by the standby devices with substantially continuous operation. For example, a VCR commonly consumes ten times more in standby time than in use time. Thus, statistically, it is almost certain that during a consumption period, such as the year for example, for a subscriber considered there is at least one investigation period, corresponding for example to the sampling duration. count values, during which all the interlocking devices, that is to say with discontinuous operation, are obviously switched off. If, in such an assumption, the residual power is higher than an alert threshold value designated S10A this threshold value being able to be taken equal to 200 Watts then it is necessary to suggest to the subscriber to have a thorough analysis of its electrical installation and the equipment fitted to it. Appliances such as the fridge or freezer may run too frequently or stop turning, a bulb or a convector may remain in service in adjoining rooms for example. Of course, other alert services such as the indication of the subscribed power reserve can be provided.

Another service belonging to the group of alert services is of major interest, this service consisting in verifying the correct enslavement of the devices when passing during off-peak hours.

Control centers for switching to off-peak pricing of the installations send groups of orders on the supply network constituted by signals, at 175 Hertz to spread out, for example, the start-up of electric water heaters or to control switching to specific tariffs, such as EJP days, TEMPO days, blue, white and red tariffs promoted in France by ELECTRICITE DE FRANCE.

In particular, there are two types of devices

II controlled: electric water heaters producing a lot of domestic hot water, with a capacity greater than 150 liters, and storage heaters. Such devices must be enslaved because putting them into operation outside off-peak hours ^• has very harmful consequences on the amount consumed and billed.

The good control of the aforementioned devices can be demonstrated by the detection of the switching power called by them. Thus, the alert service for verifying the correct servo-control of the devices during the off-peak hours can consist, as shown in FIG. 4d: - of detecting O the frames which frame the interlocking tariff orders; to check P that the corresponding increase in power after the off-peak switching time corresponds to the switching power of these devices. 5 Remember that the switch-on time is

I ι known in the EURIDIS frame for example. ι The operating time of this type of device is most often less than one hour and in particular of the order of thirty minutes for an electric water heater 0 which, in the absence of drawing domestic hot water, would only have to compensate for the energy losses of the day.

Under these conditions, such a service can be implemented from a period of sampling the counting data corresponding to the ten minutes previously mentioned in the description.

The second type of slave device corresponds to devices which are sometimes slave like washing machines, dishwashers or dryers. For the latter 0 devices, a similar principle can be envisaged but the enslavement of the latter is more difficult to characterize, in particular when the subscribed client has used a start-up timer or scheduler.

Other services belonging to the group of 5 alert services can of course be implemented without major difficulty and in particular an indirect verification of the operation of a freezer. Such a verification can be carried out by highlighting a significant consumption after four hours, at least 40 watt hours because a new freezer consumes from 310 watt hours to 860 watt hours per twenty-four hours. per 100 liters of ¹ capacity of frozen food. If after a period of four hours of investigation period no consumption is highlighted, it is because of a problem, such as a breakdown in connection or counting, of tripping of the circuit breaker linked to a storm has faulted the freezer

I considered. Finally, we cite for memory the detection of electrical dysfunction of vital apparatuses in high-risk patients.

To implement such a service, it is necessary to have a sufficient frequency of sampling of the counting data.

Under these conditions, it is possible to modulate the sampling frequency or to adjust it, as described previously in the description, to arrive at sampling frequencies of the order of six minutes or less by doubling the frequency. and sampling every three minutes for example. Such sampling frequencies are sufficient for devices, such as respirators, dialysis devices for example, which are normally provided with an inverter.

To implement the aforementioned malfunction detection services, it is possible to perform, in accordance with the implementation of the system which is the subject of the present invention: detection upstream of the circuit breaker; calculating the electronic signature of the vital device, this type of device having, for example, a substantially constant power = 100 Watts. Any variation by reduction of the power called on the load curve of the aforementioned value corresponds to a shutdown of the vital apparatus considered.

The alert device includes a backup inverter and, using voice functions of a modem, identifies the address and contact details of the dependent subscriber. It will not be described in detail since it is not as such part of the system which is the subject of the present invention.

"Services belonging to the tracking service group.

Monitoring services are of interest not only to subscribers, who wish to control their consumption, but also to distributors of electrical energy or effluents and, where appropriate, their regulatory authorities where these exist. Such follow-up services may include:

- a consumption history service annexed to the invoice sent to the subscriber for the investigation period considered and for the past rolling year;

- a consumption service between two dates, such a service which may be particularly interesting for owners or rental agencies who wish to make temporary fixed-term rentals as well as services for detecting daily and / or annual periods of absence.

Indeed, the daily or annual absence periods can be highlighted and characterized, significantly, by a lack of use of receivers with manual activation such as lighting, television receivers, washing machines, ovens.

Among the services belonging to the monitoring service group, one service of major interest consists in verifying the favorable impact of the programming of electric heating for example.

With reference to energy saving regulations, any new home is normally equipped with a heating programmer. Consequently, all new dwellings belonging to the same perimeter are equipped with the same type of programmer.

In such a context, the process of verifying the favorable impact of the heating schedule can consist, over the heating period, of the winter months Ir, in detecting in the set of stored data the instant corresponding to the maximum variation in power demand on the load curve and to compare the value of these switching instants with a margin of uncertainty at. a specific schedule. If the switch-on time corresponds to more than 90% at the same switch-on time, then this is an automatic switch-on. For subscribers whose number of days of coincidence of activation is less than 10%, the activation of heating is random. It is possible to recommend any measure adapted to the destination of the subscribers considered. ^π Services belonging to the group of services based on the triggering of a control system for the supply of energy or effluents.

A particularly advantageous service will now be described when. the energy supply control system ¹ is a circuit breaker controlling the; supply of electrical energy.

Such a service corresponds to the prepayment service or to the energy maintenance services, which require being able to cut the electricity at the subscriber.

When invoicing is not honored by the subscriber in question, the management system which is the subject of the invention makes it possible to allocate to the latter a so-called back-up credit allowing him to consume his energy ¹ for a number of sampling periods by example, without additional billing. When this emergency credit is exceeded, the comparison being carried out on the basis of the load curve relating to the electronic counter. Of the subscriber considered, the management system, object of the invention, makes it possible to launch via the module 2 of the database for example, playing the role of call station, a cut-off order for the circuit breaker by means of the module 2 of the database and / or of the module 1 of interconnection and of temporary interfacing and / or substantially permanent, from a metering data reading device, object of the invention, to the counter, the counter EC4 represented in FIG. 4e.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the module 1 for temporary and / or substantially permanent interconnection and interfacing of a metering data reading device can advantageously be consisting of a microcomputer • for example, equipped with a card implementing the circuit 10 for temporary connection of a device for reading metering data. 5 Furthermore, as shown in the figure

_! aforementioned, the module 1 constituted by the microcomputer _t is equipped with a cut-off control module bearing the reference 12, which is, of course, connected to the microcomputer and in particular to the link member 11b, 0 by l via the microcomputer central unit. In this situation, the cut-off order is then transmitted to the cut-out control card of the circuit breaker considered, which, after transposition of _. the cut-off order makes it possible to route a current of 5 imbalance, release of the differential circuit breaker D4 associated with. EC4 electronic counter to trip the aforementioned circuit breaker.

In particular, it is understood that the circuit breaker cut-out control module, connected to a 0 connector of the microcomputer forming the module 1, drives as many relays as there are electronic counters managed by the corresponding module 1. Each of the relays is connected by a trigger wire to the circuit breaker associated with the electronic counter EC1 to EC4 shown in FIG. 4f. 5 It makes it possible to trip this circuit breaker remotely from the above-mentioned breaking order.

A specific wiring allowing to carry out such a function is represented in the aforementioned FIG. 4f, in which a control output. of the 0 cut-out control card 12 allows a very low voltage to be reinjected on the neutral output of the circuit breaker. The wire junction pilot, or trigger wire, connecting the circuit breaker to the output of the aforementioned card is made via a so-called tangent connection, for example by a Ferrel terminal, under the panel of the circuit breaker and therefore inaccessible to fraudsters. The tripping of the circuit breaker takes place due to the imbalance of the scale.

I differential of the differential circuit breaker, imbalance introduced when the cut command command is received by the computer constituting the 'module 1 decoded and sent to the cut control card. This card allows, from a current generator powered by a very low voltage, to generate a current of 650 milliamps maximum at 24 volts maximum on the neutral output of the circuit breaker, which causes the latter to tip over and the power cut. Indeed, due to the potential difference of a few volts linked to the slight increase in potential of the neutral since the neutral is earthed at the power transformer, a current greater than the tripping threshold of the circuit breaker, is established in the trigger wire considered and provokes. its trigger.

The cut-off command can be issued when the credit runs out or when an energy holding power is exceeded. The management system, object of the invention, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4e and 4f then makes it possible to set up an electrical energy distribution system with prepayment. The subscription to the service can be materialized by a prepaid card recharged by simple telephone call for example. Cutting off the supply of electrical energy to the subscriber by prepayment being 'made when the prepaid credit and the emergency credit are exhausted.

To offer more services around the use of different effluents, (consumption estimate by use, alarms, appearance of a new use or abandonment of a use ...), for each effluent, the system previously described makes it possible to carry out the following two actions:

1) CHARACTERIZE the different uses, by memorizing their signatures through the flow of the effluent and its evolution, during use, (by adding the phase difference between the intensity and the voltage with regard to the electricity effluent ). For this, it is to read for several days representative of a week and the year, the effluent counter of each customer, in a very frequent way, enabled by the reading system, (six seconds minimum , for example, for the succession of Electronic Electricity Meters), so that the probability that there is only one event between two reliefs, is high. For each client, this phase of learning uses is renewed each year, for example when a new client moves in. 2) INTEGRATE the effluent consumption of each use

(detected by its signature, defined above), during each period, for each Customer. To do this, the system performs frequent readings at fixed times (every 10 minutes, for example). It is desirable to dissociate very frequent reliefs from frequent reliefs because a few days per year and per customer, very frequent changes are sufficient to characterize its uses. It is not necessary to carry them beyond because they generate a large amount of data and this avoids saturating the backup system, in a collective building where the number of customers is

I important.

So that very-frequent readings do not disturb frequent readings, a reading automaton interposes them between two frequent readings, using the availability time of the reading system.

For each effluent, in order to discover the signatures of the uses reserved only for certain periods of the week or the year, a succession strategy is developed based on the number of clients in the building, the availability of the recovery system , the relative importance between the sampling of the week and the year, the minimum frequency of sampling necessary for the discrimination of uses and the response capacity of the meters of the effluent considered.

For example, when the LAN bus is the Euridis bus, the interfacing module 11 makes it possible to take a meter reading every six seconds. For a set of fifty meters read each in a first cycle of ten minutes, it is enough to make a meter reading every twelve seconds. For a period of for example three weeks, the references of for example three counters, are then communicated to the interfacing module .11 so that the latter reads, within six seconds following each reading of the first cycle, successively one of the par example three counters whose references are 'communicated. Thus, each of the three counters is read in a second cycle of thirty-six seconds, interlaced with the first cycle. This makes it possible to make a sufficiently fine reading of three meters over a period of three weeks, to detect and memorize an electrical signature of the main uses of devices such as water heaters, convectors, washing machines,

I refrigerator, linked to a counter without disturbing the user. By communicating ¹ different references of three counters for different periods of three weeks, it is possible to analyze in detail the uses linked to these counters for fifty counters over a period of fifty weeks, that is to say substantially one year. Any combination of interlacing is possible. For example, by changing the meter references communicated every week, it is

It is possible to detect signatures of uses linked to a counter over three different periods of the year. This makes it possible to carry out weekly and annual statistical signature studies or to update customary signatures that would result from a possible change of device. We understand that by focusing on one or two counters respectively instead of three, we can obtain a reading respectively every twelve or every twenty-four seconds, more finely for a counter in turn and less finely for the other counters with a step of ten minutes sufficient to assess consumption. The division into one year can be done by day instead of by week. When installing a frequent backup system, depending on the characteristics of the building and effluent, we define a succession strategy and then we calculate a succession table which implements it and which loops back on itself, at least, over a year. The reading table is downloaded to the reading system which will execute this table. The relief table has the form

I Date-Time => Number of the counter to be read.

The teaching of the invention is not limited to

I previously described examples. The interface module 11 can federate other types of L.A.N. network. that the bus

10 Euridis, such as for example a CPL (Current Line Carrier) BD (low speed) or HD (high speed) network, an HF radio network (high frequency) or an Ethernet network.

It is also possible to count and trace events other than those specifically linked to a flow of energy, matter or information. For example, by connecting to the real-time management system, electrical, mechanical, magnetic, light sensors or a camera (WebCam) and image variation detection software make it possible to record

20 events in a geographic location (room in an individual apartment or pavilion, or common place in a collective building) linked to a meter.

Claims

1. Real-time management system for a set of electronic energy and / or effluent meters ¹ consumed by subscribers belonging to an entity - determined by ^• a perimeter. common, these electronic meters delivering metering data on a 'local data transmission network located within this common perimeter, characterized in that it comprises at least: - means of temporary interconnection and interfacing and / or substantially permanent (1) to said local area network, arranged in the vicinity of said perimeter and allowing the controlled reception and transmission of said metering data over a wide area network; - database means (2) interconnected to said wide area network and allowing at least archiving

I I of said counting data; means for managing (3) said metering data by subscriber or by groups of subscribers and making it possible, on the basis of said metering data, to establish behavioral consumption profiles by subscriber and / or by groups of subscribers.

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that said means of interconnection and of temporary and / or substantially permanent interfacing to said local network comprise: means of temporary connection of a device for reading metering data, said means of temporary connection being connected to said local area network by means of an automatic switch (10) and to a connection port of said meter data reading device; substantially permanent interfacing means (11) to said local area network comprising at least one unit for formatting metering data interconnected to the local area network via said automatic switch and a connecting member interconnected to said formatting unit and to said network extended, said automatic switch being actuated by the presence of said metering data reading device, to ensure the connection of said metering data reading device to said local network in the presence

. of said metering data reading device and the connection of said substantially permanent interfacing means to said local area network otherwise.

3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that said automatic switch is a magnetically controlled switch

4. System according to claim 2, characterized in that said automatic switch is sensitive to a detection of variation of current and voltage of the local bus.

5. System according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said behavioral consumption profiles by subscriber and / or by groups of subscribers comprise at least:

- a group of diagnostic services comprising at least the assessment of consumption by use, the assessment of consumption of domestic hot water; - a group of alert services, the alert being established on the basis of consumption values by use; - a 'group of. behavior monitoring services, such as consumption history services, consumption between two dates, detection of the date of switching on and off of an electric heating, detection of periods of absence, control of the programming of Electric heating ; a group of services based on the triggering of a

I energy or effluent supply control system.

6. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said means for managing said counting data comprise at least: means for controlling the reception of said counting data according to a controlled sampling frequency of said data count ; means of adjustment _! of said controlled sampling frequency of said counting data as a function of the service provided, on the one hand, and of the electronic counter and / or of the subscriber, on the other hand.

7. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said means for managing said metering data by subscriber or by groups of subscribers comprises, said metering data being available in the form of counting data frames comprising at least one energy and / or effluent consumption index, these data frames being identified by an identification code specific to each electronic meter: - means of calculation from all the consumption indices d energy and / or effluents, charge rate relating to each electronic sensor over a given measurement period; means for calculating from said load curve, at least one consumption signature established at times distinct from the determined measurement period, said behavior profiles μm being established from a set of consumption signatures.

8. Method for evaluating the consumption of domestic hot water supplied by an electric water heater supplied with electrical energy by an electronic counter delivering counting data stored according to a load curve making it possible to detect the operating time of this electric water heater during off-peak hours, characterized in that it consists, from the start time of the electric water heater:

- to select on the data of the load curve the power values corresponding to the instants of engagement of the electric water heater; - determining an average power designated Ppiateau corresponding to the electric power called by the electric water heater during its operating time; estimating the instant of activation of the electric water heater by the instant when the power demand fell to a level significantly lower than the average power Ppiaeau;

- to calculate the consumption of domestic hot water defined as the value of the area of the average power maintained between the switching instants triggering of the electric water heater respectively.

9. Method for calculating the residual power consumed by an installation supplied with energy

5 electric by a counter delivering counting data, sampled according to a sampling step and stored according to a load curve, characterized in

I what it consists of: counting the number N of time ranges for 0 for which the power demand is completely zero, capable of representing tripping of the circuit breaker;

-. sorting the power values of the load curve by increasing values and discarding the values 5 for which the power demand is zero, then deleting the N first values, likely to correspond to resetting of the circuit breaker;

- calculating the average of the following R values, R denoting the number of sampling steps of the 0 count values.

10. Method for verifying the good enslavement of electrical apparatuses during the off-peak hours by means of interlocking tariff orders, these apparatuses being supplied with electrical energy by a counter 5 delivering counting data in the form of frames with a step determined sampling, characterized in that it consists in: detecting the frames which frame the closing tariff orders; 0 - to check that the corresponding increase in power after the hour for switching on the hours hollow corresponds to the switching power of these devices, the switching power, being defined as the difference of the active powers between two successive sampling instants.