WO2011058327A4 - Method and apparatus for noise reduction and data compression - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for noise reduction and data compression Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011058327A4
WO2011058327A4 PCT/GB2010/002092 GB2010002092W WO2011058327A4 WO 2011058327 A4 WO2011058327 A4 WO 2011058327A4 GB 2010002092 W GB2010002092 W GB 2010002092W WO 2011058327 A4 WO2011058327 A4 WO 2011058327A4
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measurements
array
coefficients
parameter values
values
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2010/002092
Other languages
French (fr)
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WO2011058327A3 (en
WO2011058327A2 (en
Inventor
Jose Manuel Sanchez Loureda
Adam Richard Westbrooke
Clarke Brunt
Original Assignee
Onzo Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0919785.6A external-priority patent/GB2476927B/en
Priority claimed from GB0922164.9A external-priority patent/GB2476456B/en
Application filed by Onzo Limited filed Critical Onzo Limited
Priority to US13/061,003 priority Critical patent/US8843332B2/en
Priority to EP10796093.2A priority patent/EP2531818B1/en
Publication of WO2011058327A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011058327A2/en
Publication of WO2011058327A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011058327A3/en
Publication of WO2011058327A4 publication Critical patent/WO2011058327A4/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
    • G01D3/028—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
    • G01D3/032—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure affecting incoming signal, e.g. by averaging; gating undesired signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D4/00—Tariff metering apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D4/00—Tariff metering apparatus
    • G01D4/002—Remote reading of utility meters
    • G01D4/004—Remote reading of utility meters to a fixed location
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/14—Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations, e.g. Laplace, Hilbert, Karhunen-Loeve, transforms
    • G06F17/148—Wavelet transforms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/40—Data acquisition and logging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2204/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of tariff-metering apparatus
    • G01D2204/20—Monitoring; Controlling
    • G01D2204/24—Identification of individual loads, e.g. by analysing current/voltage waveforms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4463—Signal correction, e.g. distance amplitude correction [DAC], distance gain size [DGS], noise filtering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/30—Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading

Abstract

A method and apparatus for carrying out noise reduction in data regarding parameter values comprising the steps of, making a series of measurements of parameter values at times separated by predetermined time intervals, forming a plurality of successive measurements into an array of measurements, performing n successive wavelet transforms on the array of measurements to produce an array of coefficients, comparing the values of the array of coefficients to a threshold value and, selectively changing the values of said coefficients based on their relationship to the threshold, to produce an array of filtered coefficients, and performing n successive inverse wavelet transforms on the array of filtered coefficients to produce an array of filtered measurements.

Claims

AMENDED CLAI MS received by the International Bureau on 05 September 201 1 (05.09.201 1 ) Claims:
1.A method of noise reduction in data regarding parameter values comprising the steps of: making a series of measurements of parameter values at times separated by predetermined time intervals;
forming an array of measurements of parameter values comprising plural successive measurements of parameter values;
performing a plurality n of successive wavelet transforms on the array of measurements of parameter values to produce an array of coefficients;
comparing the values of the array of coefficients to a threshold value and, selectively changing the values of said coefficients based on their relationship to the threshold, to produce an array of filtered coefficients;
performing n successive inverse wavelet transforms on the array of filtered coefficients to produce an array of filtered measurements.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the array of measurements of parameter values, the array of coefficients, the array of filtered coefficients and the array of filtered measurements all have the same number of entries.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein each of said arrays has 2n entries.
4. The method of any preceding claim, wherein the values of all of the wavelet coefficients of the array of coefficients are compared to the threshold value and selectively changed.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the values of all of the wavelet coefficients of the array of coefficients are compared to the threshold value and, for each wavelet coefficient having an absolute value smaller than the threshold value, setting the value of said coefficients to be zero, to produce the array of filtered coefficients.
6. The method of any preceding claim, wherein each wavelet transform is a Haar discrete wavelet transform.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein each inverse wavelet transform is an inverse Haar discrete wavelet transform.
8. The method according to any preceding claim, where the threshold is derived from the wavelet coefficients produced by the first of the n successive wavelet transforms.
9. The method according to claim 8, where the threshold is derived from the scaled median absolute deviation of the wavelet coefficients produced by the first of the n successive wavelet transforms.
10. The method accordin to claim 9, where the threshold value T is defined by the equation T =
Figure imgf000003_0001
, where m is the number of measurements in the original array of measurements, and SMAD (i ; n l)is the scaled median absolute deviation computed from the wavelet coefficients produced by the first of the successive wavelet transforms.
11. The method according to any preceding claim, where the series of measurements of parameter values are formed into a series of arrays of measurements of parameter values, each of 2n successive measurements of parameter values.
12. The method according to claim 1 1 , where one or more final measurements of parameter values in each array of measurements of parameter values are duplicated as the one or more beginning measurements of parameter values in the next successive array of measurements of parameter values .
13. The method according to claim 12, where two final measurements of parameter values in each array of measurements of parameter values are duplicated as the two beginning measurements of parameter values in the next successive array of measurements of parameter values.
14. The method according to any preceding claim, and further comprising the step of:
processing the array of 2n filtered measurements to identify events at different times.
15. The method according to claim 14, and further comprising the steps of:
generating a further series of filtered measurements of parameter values at each of said different times; and
storing each of said further series of filtered measurements of parameter values in association with said respective different time.
16. The method according to any preceding claim, wherein said predetermined time intervals are fixed time intervals.
17. The method according to claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the processing comprises determining a gradient of change of parameter value between each consecutive filtered measurement and identifying as events times where a change in successive gradients exceeds a threshold value.
18. The method according to claim 15, wherein said further series of filtered measurements of parameter values are derived from said filtered measurements.
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein said further series of measurements of parameter values are derived from said filtered measurements using a selection process.
20. The method according to any preceding claim, wherein the intervals between
measurements is in the range 0.01 to 60 seconds.
21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the intervals between measurements are 1 second.
22. The method according to any preceding claim, wherein said parameter values are utilities consumption values.
23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the utility is selected from gas, electricity and water.
24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the utility is electricity and the electricity consumption values include measured values of real power, reactive power, or both reactive power and real power.
25. The method according to claim 15, and further comprising transmitting the stored measurements of parameter values and associated times to a data processor.
26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the stored measurements of parameter values and associated times are transmitted by wired or wireless transmission.
27. The method according to claim 25 or claim 26, when dependent from any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the data processor is a user display device and preferably a domestic user display device.
28. A data processing apparatus comprising means adapted to carry out the method as set out in any one of claims 1 to 24.
29. The data processing apparatus according to claim 28, and further comprising means to carry out the method as set out in claim 25 or claim 26.
30. A data processing apparatus adapted to reduce noise in data regarding electricity consumption comprising:
sensor means adapted to make a series of measurements of electricity consumption values at times separated by predetermined time intervals; data processor means adapted to process the series of measurements of electricity consumption values to form an array of measurements of consumption values comprising plural successive measurements of consumption values;
data processor means adapted to perform a plurality n of successive wavelet transforms on the array of measurements of consumption values to produce an array of coefficients;
data processor means adapted to compare the values of the array of coefficients to a threshold value and, selectively change the value of said coefficients based on their relationship to the threshold, to produce an array of filtered coefficients;
data processor means adapted to perform n successive inverse wavelet transforms on the array of filtered coefficients to produce an array of filtered measurements of consumption value.
31. A system comprising apparatus according to claim 29 or claim 30, and further comprising a data processor adapted to receive the transmitted stored measurements of parameter values and associated times.
32. The system according to claim 31 , wherein the data processor is a user display device and preferably a domestic user display device.
33. A computer program adapted to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 24.
34. A computer program comprising software code adapted to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 24.
35. A computer program comprising software code adapted to perform steps of:
making a series of measurements of parameter values at times separated by predetermined time intervals;
forming an array of measurements of parameter values comprising plural successive measurements of parameter values; performing a plurality n of successive wavelet transforms on the array of measurements of parameter values to produce an array of coefficients;
comparing the values of the array of coefficients to a threshold value and, selectively changing the values of said coefficients based on their relationship to the threshold, to produce an array of filtered coefficients;
performing n successive inverse wavelet transforms on the array of filtered coefficients to produce an array of filtered measurements.
36. A computer readable storage medium comprising the program of any one of claims 33 to 35.
37. A computer program product comprising computer readable code according to any one of claims 33 to 35.
38. An integrated circuit configured to perform the steps according to any one of claims 1 to 24.
39. An article of manufacture comprising:
a machine -readable storage medium; and
executable program instructions embodied in the machine readable storage medium that when executed by a programmable system causes the system to perform the function of noise reduction in data regarding parameter values comprising the steps of:
making a series of measurements of parameter values at times separated by predetermined time intervals;
forming an array of measurements of parameter values comprising plural successive measurements of parameter values;
performing a plurality n of successive wavelet transforms on the array of measurements of parameter values to produce an array of coefficients;
comparing the values of the array of coefficients to a threshold value and, selectively changing the values of said coefficients based on their relationship to the threshold, to produce an array of filtered coefficients;
performing n successive inverse wavelet transforms on the array of filtered coefficients to produce an array of filtered measurements.
40. Apparatus adapted to reduce noise in measurements of utilities consumption substantially as shown in or as described with reference to the accompanying figures.
PCT/GB2010/002092 2009-11-12 2010-11-12 Method and apparatus for noise reduction and data compression WO2011058327A2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/061,003 US8843332B2 (en) 2009-11-12 2010-11-12 Method and apparatus for noise reduction and data compression
EP10796093.2A EP2531818B1 (en) 2009-11-12 2010-11-12 Method and apparatus for noise reduction in measured data

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0919785.6A GB2476927B (en) 2009-11-12 2009-11-12 Event identification
GB0919785.6 2009-11-12
GB0922164.9 2009-12-18
GB0922164.9A GB2476456B (en) 2009-12-18 2009-12-18 Utility data processing system
US30619510P 2010-02-19 2010-02-19
US61/306,195 2010-02-19
GB1011192.0A GB2477366B (en) 2009-11-12 2010-07-02 Data storage and transfer
GB1011192.0 2010-07-02
GB1012499.8 2010-07-26
GB1012499.8A GB2477005B (en) 2009-11-12 2010-07-26 Method and apparatus for noise reduction and data compression

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WO2011058327A3 WO2011058327A3 (en) 2011-09-01
WO2011058327A4 true WO2011058327A4 (en) 2011-10-27

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US20110295912A1 (en) 2011-12-01
GB201012499D0 (en) 2010-09-08
WO2011058327A3 (en) 2011-09-01
GB2477005A (en) 2011-07-20
WO2011058326A3 (en) 2011-10-20
GB201011192D0 (en) 2010-08-18
US20110301887A1 (en) 2011-12-08
GB2477005B (en) 2013-02-20
US8874623B2 (en) 2014-10-28
GB2477366B (en) 2013-06-19
EP2531818A2 (en) 2012-12-12
GB2477366A (en) 2011-08-03
US8843332B2 (en) 2014-09-23
WO2011058327A2 (en) 2011-05-19

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