WO2014092554A1 - System for the remote administration of the electrical energy distribution network - Google Patents

System for the remote administration of the electrical energy distribution network Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014092554A1
WO2014092554A1 PCT/NI2013/000001 NI2013000001W WO2014092554A1 WO 2014092554 A1 WO2014092554 A1 WO 2014092554A1 NI 2013000001 W NI2013000001 W NI 2013000001W WO 2014092554 A1 WO2014092554 A1 WO 2014092554A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
controller
energy
cabinet
consumption
distribution network
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PCT/NI2013/000001
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alfredo Fausto CANALES
Original Assignee
Canales Alfredo Fausto
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Application filed by Canales Alfredo Fausto filed Critical Canales Alfredo Fausto
Publication of WO2014092554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014092554A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Electricity, gas or water supply
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the electric power sector, mainly with the energy distribution activity.
  • This creation whose patent is requested, is aimed at perfecting the functions of measuring, cutting and reconnecting the electricity supply, reading the consumption of the subscribers, controlling the power delivered and monitoring events in the electric power distribution network, performing all These processes remotely.
  • the current state of the art has some shortcomings to overcome in relation to the functions to which the present invention is directed. Two of the main ones are: 1) The use of these systems is generally limited to a very small segment of subscribers, and 2) Most of the existing equipment in the market is not effective avoiding fraudulent electricity consumption.
  • the current technique has chosen in some countries to install subscriber meters in the highest part of the power grid posts, with the purpose of preventing illegal connections in popular sectors (See Figure 7).
  • This measure is not effective against illegal connections because it always exposes the connection points, and also causes other conflicts: it makes it impossible for the subscriber to verify their consumption reading and prevents the governing body from checking the energy meter calibration expeditiously. The sum of these inconveniences has prevented the massive use of the devices of the current technique.
  • the activities of reading the consumption of the subscribers, as well as the reconnection or the cut of the supply are carried out for the most part in a "manual" way, which means an important consumption of time, personnel and material (vehicles, fuel, etc.) by the energy distribution company. Therefore, the faculty to perform these functions remotely and / or automatically would have multiple benefits, among these it is possible to mention that it would allow these resources to be allocated to other more productive activities, it would mean significant savings in monetary terms for the distribution company and would reduce the time that the subscriber must Wait to be reconnected once you fix your payment situation with the distribution company.
  • the Remote Administration System of the Electric Power Distribution Network that the invention proposes, has the purpose of eliminating the aforementioned drawbacks of the current technique, achieving this thanks to its economic, simple and anti-fraud design.
  • the system described in this document comprises, among other things, some CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1), whose average dimensions are only 75cmx25cmxl5cm, which are of use collective or multi-user, since each one has the capacity to serve up to 12 subscribers through the common use of resources, thus being economical and practical for its implementation in the energy network.
  • the furnaces (Y30) (See Figure 5) for connection to the connections are protected inside the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), as can be seen in the space of Figure 1 indicated by the sign (w), thus avoiding illegal connections to the electricity distribution network.
  • the user is allowed to verify its consumption easily and the governing body expeditiously verify the correct calibration of the energy meter.
  • Figure 3 Shows the main screen of the management software (XI), which works from the CONTROL CENTER (X), and that together with the COMPUTER (Y c ) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) represent the essence of our invention .
  • Figure 4 Diagram of the COMPUTER (Y c ) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), which together with the management software (XI) of the CONTROL CENTER (X) represent the essence of our invention.
  • Figure 5 Diagram of the PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), which together with Figure 4 explain in detail the architecture of your invention.
  • CONTROL CENTER (See Figure 1): This component consists of one or more control stations. Each of these is composed of: THE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) (See Figures 2 and 3), a PC (X2) (See Figure 2) in which said software is installed, and a GSM / GPRS MODEM (X3) (See Figure 2). The first one is responsible for the administration of the electricity network, the PC (X2) is responsible for the processing of said software and the GSM / GPRS MODEM (X3) is in charge of interacting remotely with a CONTROLLER CABINET (Y ) (See Figure 1), so that it executes all the actions that characterize it.
  • CONTROLLER CABINET (Y ) (See Figure 1)
  • CONTROLLER CABINET (See Figure 1): Includes two modules inside, which will be called COMPUTER (Y c ) and PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ).
  • the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is in charge of interacting remotely with the CENTER OF CONTROL (X) to control and notify the actions of measuring, reading, connecting and disconnecting the energy and limiting the power offered to each of the subscribers served by this cabinet, as well as reporting on network failures and alerts that originate when the latter is operated by unauthorized persons.
  • Another function performed by this CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is to govern the count shown in the MONITORING BOXES (Z) (See Figure 6). All these actions are performed based on commands received from the CONTROL CENTER (X) or autonomously in response to specific events on the network.
  • the popular carrier GS / GPRS was used, which is provided by cell phone companies for SMS (Short Message Service) which, being a mature and proven technology, is very economic and reliable, thanks to the stability guaranteed by the careful attention that these companies provide to the SMS service.
  • SMS Short Message Service
  • the communications protocol developed in the present invention for this purpose is of redundant behavior, which means that all communication between the CONTROL CENTER (X) (See Figure 1), and the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1), is verified and confirmed to guarantee its integrity, that is, when executing an order, the controlling cabinet responds to the order received from the control center with the same code that it brings, order that until it is executed it will be visible in the event panel of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) in the area delimited by the columns between the signs (el) and (e4) (See Figure 3). Equally important is to indicate that the flow of information between them is concentrated, which means that each message always carries the orders or information of all the subscribers served by each cabinet at once, a novelty with which the present invention allows excellent communications speed, especially when collecting the general reading of subscribers.
  • MONITOR BOX (Z) (See Figure 1): There is one of these components for each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y). It safe, accessible and separate from the GABI NETE CONTROLADOR (Y), all energy odometers (Z2), which will be responsible for providing both the subscriber and the governing body, respectively, reading and calibration of the measurement, the latter is achieved from the LED (Z3) (See Figure 6) of pulsating action attached to the energy odometers (Z2). In addition, it is very useful for the distribution company, when it eventually needs to check the indicated by energy odometers (Z2) against what is registered by the controller cabinet.
  • Figure 1 The purpose of Figure 1 is to show the prominence assigned to the components of our invention, this with the purpose of understanding with certainty its form of use.
  • the CONTROL CENTER (X) is in charge of controlling and interacting remotely with the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), which are the ones that manage the energy that is provided to users of this one.
  • CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) also have the mission of controlling the MONITORING BOXES (Z) that are the ones that expedite, the rights to verify the consumption reading and the correct calibration of the energy measurement through the odometers of energy (Z2).
  • Z MONITORING BOXES
  • FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the CONTROL CENTER (X), and as can be seen in it, each of the control stations that make up this Center only requires one PC (X2) (See Figure 2), a GSM / GPRS MODEM (X3) (See Figure 2) that similarly to that of cell phones uses a SIM card whose number identifies the control station, and have the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) installed (See Figure 2 ), which is the most relevant part of the CONTROL CENTER (X), and therefore, each of its objects is detailed in this section: FUNCTION: Through the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) you have full control of the electricity supply to the subscribers and the information of the state of the power grid.
  • XI Through the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) you have full control of the electricity supply to the subscribers and the information of the state of the power grid.
  • Each of the control stations has a set of associated CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y).
  • Y CONTROLLER CABINETS
  • column C (al) of this grid indicates the initial of the command sent or the symbol of the received event.
  • “l” Read
  • "P” Set / Pwr
  • "U” Update
  • "K” Set / kW.
  • the Cabinet column (a2), of Figure 3 identifies the number of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figures 1 and 4), whose number is adopted from the SIM card (Y3) (See Figure 4) of the GSM MODEM / GPRS (Y2) (See figure 4).
  • the Date column (a3) shows the date on which a response or notification is received from the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), which generates a new record in the grid database, or
  • the column Sent (a4) shows the time a command was sent to one of the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y),
  • the Received column (a5) shows the time a notification or response is received from any of the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y),
  • the Seg column (a6) shows the seconds between sending a command and the response of the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y),
  • the Fact column (a7) shows the factor assigned to each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1), which determines the number of pulses that You have to receive the system so that it records a kW of consumption for the corresponding subscriber. In the same way, from these pulses a signal is derived to the MOIMITE BOX A (Z) so that it makes the corresponding advance in the energy odometer of the respective subscriber. For this feature to work properly it is necessary that all decoder cards (Y31) (See Figure 5) for the same CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) be homogeneous.
  • the Status column (a8) is a mask composed of l's and O's where l's allow verifications of the PHASE1, PHASE2, PHASE3, GAB, and ON functions to be activated, which we will describe later.
  • the Alerts column (a9) denotes normality when it shows uppercase ABCGM initials which represent the following:
  • ⁇ G the controller cabinet door
  • ⁇ M the door of the energy monitoring boxes
  • bitmasks PHASE1 (bl), PHASE2 (b2), PHASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO), for which texts of these bitmasks should be in red letters, which indicates the activated state,
  • PHASE1 (bl), PHASE2 (b2), PHASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO) bitmasks, at the request of the operator and depending on the system confirmation, They allow to perform their respective functions and only when their titles are in red letters, as follows:
  • PHASE1 (bl) ; PHASE2 (b2) and PHASE3 (b3) allow to verify the existence of electrical energy in the respective phases
  • the text boxes (b4), (b5), (b7), (b8) and the indicator (b6) are strictly related to the text messages to and from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) and show the following:
  • ⁇ (b4) shows the seconds it took to send the message
  • ⁇ (b5) shows the time the message was received from the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y),
  • ⁇ (b6) is the message indicator.
  • the yellow color indicates the message sent
  • the green color indicates the message received.
  • ⁇ (b7) shows the numerical history of the messages received by the corresponding control station.
  • ⁇ (b8) shows the seconds the control station took to receive the reply to a message.
  • ⁇ Set / Pwr used to establish the connection status of each and every one of the subscribers connected to the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1) selected;
  • ⁇ Set / kW it is used to preset the value of the count with which the register of the energy consumption of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) must be reset (See Figure 1) for a particular subscriber. This is useful in cases where it is necessary to change an energy odometer (12) of the MONITOR BOX (Z) so that the odometer reading corresponds to the one recorded in the system;
  • ⁇ READING (c3): used to simultaneously extract the reading of the consumption recorded for all subscribers belonging to the GABI NETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (See Figure 1) selected;
  • ⁇ Update (c4) it is used to update the following elements in the GABI NETWORK CONTROLLERS (Y) (See Figure 1): the SI M numbers of the corresponding station of the CONTROL CENTER (X), the permission bitmasks PHASE1 (bl) , PHASE2 (b2), PHASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO), the USER option (d4), and instructs, according to modification in (d3), the change in value of the pulse factor / kW of the CABINET CONTROLLER (Y) (See Figure 3);
  • the text boxes (c5), (c6) and the set indicated by the signs (c7) and (c8), are used to store information on the SIM cards and cell phones that will interact with this interface through a GSM / GPRS, here its functions:
  • ⁇ (c5) saves the SIM card number of the corresponding CONTROL CENTER station (X) associated with a CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
  • the text boxes indicated by (c8) keep the cell phone numbers that will have the privilege of being able to be notified, by the system described in this patent application document, of alert events that occur on the network. Thus, the names of these telephone users are stored in the text boxes indicated by (c7).
  • the flags (flags) of column (di) correspond to the subscribers' connection status, each of which is identified by the numerical suffix of the title of each frame of this column (di). This same title when being in red indicates subscriber activated, and in black subscriber deactivated, the change is achieved in two ways: manual and automatic. In manual mode it is achieved with a left mouse click on the flags that identify the subscribers to select, then press Set / Pwr (el) and only the response of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is expected. The automatic mode is executed by the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) when determining the existence of past due balances of the subscribers and proceeding according to the policies of the energy distribution company.
  • manual mode it is achieved with a left mouse click on the flags that identify the subscribers to select, then press Set / Pwr (el) and only the response of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is expected.
  • the automatic mode is executed by the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) when
  • the text box (d3) allows to define the factor assigned to the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) to determine the amount of pulses that the system has to receive in order for it to register a kW of consumption. This value registered in the text box (d3) is sent when the button is pressed UPDATE (c4), awaiting the response of the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) to terminate the operation.
  • USER (d4) is the option that, if enabled, allows subscribers to read their consumption from their cell phone by sending and receiving SMS.
  • the grid of Figure 3 composed of the columns between the signs (el) and (e4) is responsible for displaying the events without confirmation between the CONTROL CENTER (X) and the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1) as follows:
  • ⁇ column (el) shows the SIM number of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1);
  • ⁇ column (e2) indicates the initial of the command sent, as indicated in the description of column C (al);
  • ⁇ column (e4) shows the date and time the record was generated.
  • This grid is very useful, since among its functions is to register and keep visible on the screen, any command issued to the control cabinets, until this MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) receives a response from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) SMS with an identification code equal to the command sent, which makes the system have redundant behavior.
  • the other great function of this grid is to keep the alerts notified by the network until they are corrected, and for which you need to receive an SMS for each alert record.
  • the energy network is considered to perform optimally as long as the grid defined by columns (el), (e2), (e3) and (e4) remains empty.
  • the button (fl) and the text boxes (f2), (f3), (f4) are used to search for any subscriber that is contained in the database. Registered subscriber data, this search can be done by electrical service number (f2), by subscriber name (f3) and by the SIM number (f4) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y). Just place yourself in any of these text boxes and the search system will show the results found interactively as each character is entered.
  • the GO (fl) button is used to set the selection of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) resulting from the search and thus display the information corresponding to this cabinet on the screen.
  • the grid composed of the columns between the signs (gl) and (g4) is responsible for displaying the subscribers' database as follows:
  • ⁇ column (gl) shows the number assigned to the meter inside the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y);
  • 'column (g2) indicates the number of the electrical service
  • ⁇ column (g3) shows the name of the subscriber
  • ⁇ column (g4) presents the SI number of the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
  • the option buttons (hl), (h2), (h3) and (h4) are responsible for filtering the type of information to be displayed and they do it this way: if option (hl) is selected, all the types of information, if option (h2) is selected, only that information generated from the control center will be shown and for which response was also received from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), if option (h3) is selected, they will be displayed only notifications of events generated autonomously from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), if you select option (h4) only error notifications generated autonomously by the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) will be displayed;
  • the text boxes (h6) and (h7) determine the information period; ⁇ Finally, the REPORTS button (h8) is responsible for making the selected selection effective and generates a report both in the interface and in print.
  • the EXIT button (h9) is used to leave the control interface of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) (See Figures 2 and 3).
  • Figures 4 and 5 represent the internal architecture of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) shown in Figure 1.
  • the low voltage lines are connected to these cabinets, and each of these CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) has the capacity to serve up to twelve subscribers of the power distribution network.
  • Figure 4 represents the architecture in detail of the COMPUTER (Y c ) and
  • Figure 5 represents the architecture of the PERIPHERAL MODULE
  • CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) shown in Figure 1 and whose architecture is represented in Figures 4 and 5, it is considered appropriate to describe the function and composition of the lines that interconnect the different elements within it .
  • These lines which are popularly known in technology jargon as buses, are responsible for transporting data and energy within the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
  • ⁇ (Y15), (Y16), (Y17) each is a power line, ⁇ (Y18), three lines of digital data,
  • bus lines connect the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) with the MONITOR BOX (Z), so, in addition to the lines indicated in Figures 4 and 5 and in order to explain better the operation of the system, it is considered appropriate to describe the configuration of the bus lines in Figure 6:
  • the Modem (Y2) receives the information via GSM / G PRS, decodes it and sends it in text mode to the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4), which processes and sends it for execution to the optocouplers of the module (Y8) (See Figure 4), which govern the alternators of the module (Y9) (See Figure 4) who are in charge to activate or deactivate through the bus (Y27) (See Figures 4 and 5), any or all of the module contactors (Y28) (See Figure 5), which through their contacts they carry the alternating current through the module of the energy derivative sensors (Y29) (See Figure 5), and of these towards the furnaces (Y30) (See Figure 5) for connection to the connections, where the connections are connected (Y36) ) (See Figure 5), to finally bring the alternating current (Y39) (See Figure 5) to the subscriber.
  • the module (Y28) (See Figure 5) is composed of twelve three-contact contactors to handle up to three energy phases, the coils of these contactors are fed at their common point only by one of the phases (Y33) (See Figure 5 ), which is derived from one of the possible three that make up (Y32) (See Figure 5).
  • the sinusoidal symbol (Y38) in Figure 5 indicates that in (Y32) and (Y33) (See Figure 5), only alternating current is permissible.
  • the weak analog signals (Y40) (See Figure 5) that are generated in the energy shunt sensors (Y29) (See Figure 5) of the PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ), circulate on the bus (Y37 ) (See Figure 5) that feeds the decoder cards of consumption (Y31) (See Figure 5), from where they are amplified and converted into digital pulses (Y41) (See Figures 4 and 5), then they are sent through the bus (Y22) (See Figures 4 and 5) to the inputs of the Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4), which is responsible for capturing and dividing these pulses by 4, for purposes of computational optimization.
  • this Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4), sends the result of this operation to the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4), in charge of calculating and storing the energy consumption measurement value according to the pulsation factor with which the decoder cards (Y31) were manufactured (See Figure 5).
  • the optocoupler module (Y6) (See Figure 4) is used to detect, through lines (Y15), (Y16) and (Y17) (See figure 4), the activity One, two or even three phases of low voltage. It is important to mention that the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4) will test only those energy phases (bl), (b2) and (b3) (See Figure 3) that were remotely instructed from the corresponding control station of the CONTROL CENTER (X).
  • SELECTIVE DISCONNECTION BY POWER OVERDEMAND If the period of time between the pulses (Y41) (See Figures 4 and 5) received at any of the inputs of the Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4) from the decoder card module (Y31) ) (See Figure 5) is shorter than the parameter defined in the system for a given subscriber, then the Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4), keeps the signal sent by the corresponding bus line (Y23) high (See Figure 4) towards the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4), so that it disconnects power to the subscriber responsible for this power demand.
  • the Microcontroller (Y4) has the mission of permanently detecting the status pin and the network pin of the GSM / GPRS Modem (Y2). When one of these pins is not at the desired voltage level or pulse rate, this Microcontroller (Y4) sends a signal to reset (reset) the GSM / GPRS modem (Y2). To open their communication channel these odems use a SIM card (Y3) similar to that of cell phones, and the number assigned to this card identifies the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y),
  • a pulsating LED (Z3) serves to verify the accuracy of the measurement from the frequency of the emitted light pulses
  • the voltage module composed of a voltage regulator (Z4) (See Figure 6), is responsible for providing the continuous voltage (Z7) (See Figure 6) necessary for the proper functioning of the MONITOR BOX (Z ).
  • the way the MONITOR BOX (Z) works is as follows:
  • the pulses (Y42) received through the bus (Y24) (See Figures 4 and 6) are sent to the module inputs (Zl) (See figure 6) , composed of a micro controller whose mission is to convert the pulses of continuous polarity (Y42) (See figure 6) into alternating polarity pulses (Z5) (See Figure 6), so that they are then sent through the bus (Z6) (See figure 6), towards Energy odometers module (Z2) (See figure 6) composed of up to twelve step-by-step micromotors responsible for advancing correspondingly the energy odometers (Z2) that indicate the consumption of kilowatt hours per subscriber.
  • This pulse conversion is performed because this type of micromotors of the energy odometer module (12) (See Figure 6) requires these alternate polarity pulses

Abstract

The invention relates to a system that remotely administrates the functions of measurement, reading, connection, disconnection, control and monitoring of the electrical energy supplied to the subscribers of an energy distribution network. The system is formed by three large components: 1) a control centre that allows the operator of the system to control the actions and monitor the events on the network; 2) controlling cabinets which, by means of the electronic components thereof, split into computer and peripheral module, interact with the control centre in order to administrate the supply of electrical energy to the subscribers; and 3) monitoring boxes that allow the subscribers to observe their consumption and allow the administrative body to check the correct calibration of the energy measurement. The system is provided with electronic alerts that notify the control centre immediately when there is any type of violation or event in the controlling cabinets or in the monitoring boxes.

Description

DESCRIPCION  DESCRIPTION
SISTEMA DE ADMINISTRACIÓN REMOTA DE LA RED DE DISTRIBUCIÓN DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA  REMOTE ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM OF THE ELECTRICAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
Sector tecnológico Technology sector
La presente invención se relaciona con el sector de la energía eléctrica, principalmente con la actividad de distribución de energía. Esta creación, cuya patente se solicita, está orientada a perfeccionar las funciones de medición, corte y reconexión del suministro eléctrico, lectura del consumo de los abonados, control de potencia entregada y de monitorear eventos en la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, realizando todos estos procesos de forma remota.  The present invention relates to the electric power sector, mainly with the energy distribution activity. This creation, whose patent is requested, is aimed at perfecting the functions of measuring, cutting and reconnecting the electricity supply, reading the consumption of the subscribers, controlling the power delivered and monitoring events in the electric power distribution network, performing all These processes remotely.
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
El estado de la técnica actual presenta algunas deficiencias a superar en lo relacionado a las funciones a las cuales se orienta la presente invención. Dos de las principales son: 1) El uso de estos sistemas generalmente está limitado a un segmento de abonados muy reducido, y 2) La mayoría de los equipos existentes en el mercado no son efectivos evitando el consumo eléctrico fraudulento.  The current state of the art has some shortcomings to overcome in relation to the functions to which the present invention is directed. Two of the main ones are: 1) The use of these systems is generally limited to a very small segment of subscribers, and 2) Most of the existing equipment in the market is not effective avoiding fraudulent electricity consumption.
En lo referente al primer problema, uno de las grandes limitantes a la técnica actual es el alto costo por abonado de sistemas con algunas características similares a los de la presente invención, lo cual obliga a la empresa distribuidora de energía a dirigir su uso únicamente al sector de grandes consumidores, para poder así justificar su costo, la otra causa de este mismo problema es la característica monousuario de estos sistemas, que en conjunto con una configuración deficiente en su diseño, dificulta su implementación de forma masiva en la red de energía.  Regarding the first problem, one of the great limitations to the current technique is the high cost per subscriber of systems with some characteristics similar to those of the present invention, which forces the energy distribution company to direct its use only to the large consumer sector, in order to justify its cost, the other cause of this same problem is the single user feature of these systems, which together with a poor configuration in its design, hinders its implementation in a massive way in the energy network.
Con relación al segundo problema, la técnica actual ha optado en algunos países por instalar en la parte más alta de los postes de la red de energía los medidores de los abonados, esto con el propósito de evitar las conexiones ilegales en sectores populares (Ver Figura 7). Esta medida no es eficaz contra las conexiones ilegales porque deja siempre expuestos los puntos de conexión, y además provoca otros conflictos: imposibilita al abonado constatar su lectura de consumo e impide que el ente rector verifique de forma expedita la calibración del medidor de energía. La suma de estos inconvenientes ha impedido el uso masivo de los dispositivos de la técnica actual.  With regard to the second problem, the current technique has chosen in some countries to install subscriber meters in the highest part of the power grid posts, with the purpose of preventing illegal connections in popular sectors (See Figure 7). This measure is not effective against illegal connections because it always exposes the connection points, and also causes other conflicts: it makes it impossible for the subscriber to verify their consumption reading and prevents the governing body from checking the energy meter calibration expeditiously. The sum of these inconveniences has prevented the massive use of the devices of the current technique.
Otro aspecto que admite mejorías en el estado de la técnica actual, y que es también uno de los objetivos de la invención que se describe en el presente documento, es la optimización de los recursos de la empresa distribuidora de energía. Actualmente, las actividades de lectura del consumo de los abonados, así como la reconexión o el corte del suministro son realizadas en su mayor parte de forma "manual", lo que significa un importante consumo de tiempo, de personal y de material (vehículos, combustible, etc.) por parte de la empresa distribuidora de energía. Por tanto, la facultad de realizar estas funciones de forma remota y/o automatizada tendría múltiples beneficios, entre estos es posible citar que permitiría destinar estos recursos a otras actividades más productivas, significaría un importante ahorro en términos monetarios para la empresa distribuidora y disminuiría el tiempo que el abonado debe esperar para ser reconectado una vez que arregla su situación de pago con la empresa distribuidora. Another aspect that admits improvements in the state of the art, and which is also one of the objectives of the invention described in this document, is the optimization of the resources of the energy distribution company. Currently, the activities of reading the consumption of the subscribers, as well as the reconnection or the cut of the supply are carried out for the most part in a "manual" way, which means an important consumption of time, personnel and material (vehicles, fuel, etc.) by the energy distribution company. Therefore, the faculty to perform these functions remotely and / or automatically would have multiple benefits, among these it is possible to mention that it would allow these resources to be allocated to other more productive activities, it would mean significant savings in monetary terms for the distribution company and would reduce the time that the subscriber must Wait to be reconnected once you fix your payment situation with the distribution company.
Descripción de la invención Description of the invention
El Sistema de Administración Remota de la Red de Distribución de Energía Eléctrica que la invención propone, tiene el propósito de suprimir los inconvenientes anteriormente mencionados de la técnica actual, alcanzando esto gracias a su diseño económico, sencillo y antifraude. Para lograr estas características el sistema descrito en el presente documento (y dibujos que lo acompañan) comprende, entre otras cosas, de unos GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) (Ver Figura 1), cuyas dimensiones promedio son de apenas 75cmx25cmxl5cm, los cuales son de uso colectivo o multiusuario, ya que cada uno tiene la capacidad para atender hasta 12 abonados por medio del uso común de recursos, resultando así, económica y practica su implementación en la red de energía. Además, gracias a otra característica de la presente invención, las horneras (Y30) (Ver Figura 5) de conexión para las acometidas quedan resguardadas en el interior del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), como puede observarse en el espacio de la Figura 1 indicado por el signo (w), evitando así las conexiones ilegales a la red de distribución de energía eléctrica. Igualmente, gracias a unas pequeñas CAJAS MONITORAS (Z) (Ver Figura 1) propias de la presente invención, se le permite al usuario constatar su consumo fácilmente y al ente rector verificar de manera expedita la correcta calibración del medidor de energía. Estas características permiten a la presente invención desempeñarse de forma sobresaliente en lugares donde la relación cliente-empresa distribuidora es conflictiva y de alta densidad de abonados (Ver ejemplo de la Figura 7), tales como mercados populares y asentamientos habitacionales espontáneos, entre otros.  The Remote Administration System of the Electric Power Distribution Network that the invention proposes, has the purpose of eliminating the aforementioned drawbacks of the current technique, achieving this thanks to its economic, simple and anti-fraud design. To achieve these characteristics, the system described in this document (and accompanying drawings) comprises, among other things, some CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1), whose average dimensions are only 75cmx25cmxl5cm, which are of use collective or multi-user, since each one has the capacity to serve up to 12 subscribers through the common use of resources, thus being economical and practical for its implementation in the energy network. In addition, thanks to another feature of the present invention, the furnaces (Y30) (See Figure 5) for connection to the connections are protected inside the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), as can be seen in the space of Figure 1 indicated by the sign (w), thus avoiding illegal connections to the electricity distribution network. Likewise, thanks to small MONITORING BOXES (Z) (See Figure 1) typical of the present invention, the user is allowed to verify its consumption easily and the governing body expeditiously verify the correct calibration of the energy meter. These characteristics allow the present invention to perform excellently in places where the customer-distribution company relationship is conflictive and of high subscriber density (See example in Figure 7), such as popular markets and spontaneous housing settlements, among others.
Cabe destacar que la configuración del sistema permite trabajar con energía Monofásica, Trifilar y Trifásica, permitiendo de esta manera su aplicación desde abonados domiciliares hasta grandes industrias. Descripción de las figuras  It should be noted that the system configuration allows working with single-phase, three-phase and three-phase energy, thus allowing its application from home subscribers to large industries. Description of the figures
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: • Figura 1: Representación esquemática de la perspectiva del sistema. To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached hereto as an integral part thereof, with an illustrative and non-limiting character , the following has been represented: • Figure 1: Schematic representation of the system perspective.
• Figura 2: Muestra la composición del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X).  • Figure 2: Shows the composition of the CONTROL CENTER (X).
• Figura 3: Muestra la pantalla principal del software de gestión (XI), que funciona desde el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), y que en conjunto con la COMPUTADORA (Yc) del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) representan la esencia de nuestra invención. • Figure 3: Shows the main screen of the management software (XI), which works from the CONTROL CENTER (X), and that together with the COMPUTER (Y c ) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) represent the essence of our invention .
• Figura 4: Diagrama de la COMPUTADORA (Yc) del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), que junto con el software de gestión (XI) del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) representan la esencia de nuestra invención. • Figure 4: Diagram of the COMPUTER (Y c ) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), which together with the management software (XI) of the CONTROL CENTER (X) represent the essence of our invention.
• Figura 5: Diagrama del MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp) del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), que en conjunto con la Figura 4 explican en detalle la arquitectura de su invención.• Figure 5: Diagram of the PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), which together with Figure 4 explain in detail the architecture of your invention.
• Figura 6: Diagrama de bloques de la CAJA MONITORA (Z) que contiene a los odómetros de energía (Z2). • Figure 6: Block diagram of the MONITOR BOX (Z) containing the energy odometers (Z2).
• Figura 7: Imagen publicada en el Diario La Prensa de Nicaragua el Viernes 9 de Noviembre de 2012 y disponible en http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2Q12/ll/09/ambito/123262-avanza-legalizacion- oriental.  • Figure 7: Image published in the newspaper La Prensa de Nicaragua on Friday, November 9, 2012 and available at http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2Q12/ll/09/ambito/123262-avanza-legalizacion- oriental .
A estas siete figuras estaremos haciendo referencia a lo largo de esta exposición. We will be referring to these seven figures throughout this exhibition.
Los detalles característicos de este invento se indican con más detalle en la descripción que se presenta a seguir, la cual hace referencia al conjunto de dibujos que acompañan a la presente memoria y a los respectivos signos que aluden a las partes mencionadas.  The characteristic details of this invention are indicated in more detail in the description that follows, which refers to the set of drawings that accompany the present specification and the respective signs that allude to the mentioned parts.
Definición de los componentes: Para llevar a cabo las funciones antes mencionadas nuestra invención la integran tres grandes componentes:  Definition of the components: To carry out the functions mentioned above, our invention is made up of three main components:
1. CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) (Ver Figura 1): Este componente está formado por una o varias estaciones de control. A cada una de estas la componen: el SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) (Ver Figuras 2 y 3), una PC (X2) (Ver Figura 2) en la cual se instala dicho software, y un MÓDEM GSM/GPRS (X3) (Ver Figura 2). El primero de ellos se encarga de la administración de la red eléctrica, la PC (X2) es la encargada del procesamiento de dicho software y el MÓDEM GSM/GPRS (X3) es el encargado de interactuar de forma remota con un GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1), para que éste ejecute todas las acciones que lo caracterizan.  1. CONTROL CENTER (X) (See Figure 1): This component consists of one or more control stations. Each of these is composed of: THE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) (See Figures 2 and 3), a PC (X2) (See Figure 2) in which said software is installed, and a GSM / GPRS MODEM (X3) (See Figure 2). The first one is responsible for the administration of the electricity network, the PC (X2) is responsible for the processing of said software and the GSM / GPRS MODEM (X3) is in charge of interacting remotely with a CONTROLLER CABINET (Y ) (See Figure 1), so that it executes all the actions that characterize it.
2. GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1): Incluye en su interior dos módulos, los cuales serán denominados COMPUTADORA (Yc) y MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp). El GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) es el encargado de interactuar de forma remota con el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) para controlar y notificar las acciones de medir, leer, conectar y desconectar la energía y limitar la potencia que se le ofrece a cada uno de los abonados atendidos por este gabinete, así como informar sobre fallas en la red y las alertas que se originan cuando esta última es intervenida por personas no autorizadas. Otra función que realiza este GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) es gobernar el conteo que se muestra en las CAJAS MONITORAS (Z) (Ver Figura 6). Todas estas acciones las realiza en función de comandos recibidos desde el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) o bien de forma autónoma como respuesta a eventos específicos en la red. 2. CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1): Includes two modules inside, which will be called COMPUTER (Y c ) and PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ). The CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is in charge of interacting remotely with the CENTER OF CONTROL (X) to control and notify the actions of measuring, reading, connecting and disconnecting the energy and limiting the power offered to each of the subscribers served by this cabinet, as well as reporting on network failures and alerts that originate when the latter is operated by unauthorized persons. Another function performed by this CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is to govern the count shown in the MONITORING BOXES (Z) (See Figure 6). All these actions are performed based on commands received from the CONTROL CENTER (X) or autonomously in response to specific events on the network.
Para establecer la conexión remota entre estos componentes, se hizo uso del popular carrier GS /GPRS, el mismo que brindan las compañías de telefonía celular para el servicio SMS (Short Message Service) el cual, al ser una tecnología madura y comprobada, resulta muy económico y confiable, gracias a la estabilidad garantizada por la atención esmerada que estas empresas le prestan al servicio SMS. Para el lenguaje de comunicación se utilizó un protocolo basado en el conjunto de comandos Hayes, también conocidos como comandos AT.  To establish the remote connection between these components, the popular carrier GS / GPRS was used, which is provided by cell phone companies for SMS (Short Message Service) which, being a mature and proven technology, is very economic and reliable, thanks to the stability guaranteed by the careful attention that these companies provide to the SMS service. For the communication language, a protocol based on the Hayes command set, also known as AT commands, was used.
Es importante destacar que el protocolo de comunicaciones desarrollado en la presente invención para este propósito es de comportamiento redundante, lo que significa que toda comunicación entre el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) (Ver Figura 1), y los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) (Ver Figura 1), es verificada y confirmada para garantizar su integridad, es decir, que al ejecutar una orden, el gabinete controlador responde a la orden recibida desde el centro de control con el mismo código que trae ésta, orden que hasta que no sea ejecutada estará visible en el panel de eventos del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) en el área delimitada por las columnas entre los signos (el) y (e4) (Ver Figura 3). Igual de importante es indicar que el flujo de la información entre éstos es concentrada, lo que significa que cada mensaje siempre lleva de una vez las órdenes o la información de todos los abonados atendidos por cada gabinete, novedad con la cual la presente invención permite una excelente velocidad en las comunicaciones, sobre todo a la hora de colectar la lectura general de los abonados.  It is important to note that the communications protocol developed in the present invention for this purpose is of redundant behavior, which means that all communication between the CONTROL CENTER (X) (See Figure 1), and the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1), is verified and confirmed to guarantee its integrity, that is, when executing an order, the controlling cabinet responds to the order received from the control center with the same code that it brings, order that until it is executed it will be visible in the event panel of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) in the area delimited by the columns between the signs (el) and (e4) (See Figure 3). Equally important is to indicate that the flow of information between them is concentrated, which means that each message always carries the orders or information of all the subscribers served by each cabinet at once, a novelty with which the present invention allows excellent communications speed, especially when collecting the general reading of subscribers.
CAJA MONITORA (Z) (Ver Figura 1): Existe uno de estos componentes por cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y). En ella se resguardan de forma segura, accesible y separada del GABI NETE CONTROLADOR (Y), todos los odómetros de energía (Z2), los cuales serán los encargados de facilitar tanto al abonado como al ente rector, respectivamente, la lectura y la calibración de la medida, esto último se logra a partir del LED (Z3) (Ver Figura 6) de acción pulsante adjunto a los odómetros de energía (Z2). Además, es de gran utilidad para la empresa distribuidora, cuando eventualmente ésta necesite cotejar lo indicado por los odómetros de energía (Z2) contra la lo registrado por el gabinete controlador. Es importante destacar que estos odómetros de energía (Z2) no manejarán energía alguna, ya que son simples repetidores del conteo que se efectúa y registra en el gabinete controlador, y su función principal es la de facilitar la lectura y la calibración de la medida. Las CAJAS MONITORAS (Z), al igual que los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) (Ver Figura 1), están protegidas por un sensor que alerta contra cualquier manipulación no autorizada en las mismas. MONITOR BOX (Z) (See Figure 1): There is one of these components for each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y). It safe, accessible and separate from the GABI NETE CONTROLADOR (Y), all energy odometers (Z2), which will be responsible for providing both the subscriber and the governing body, respectively, reading and calibration of the measurement, the latter is achieved from the LED (Z3) (See Figure 6) of pulsating action attached to the energy odometers (Z2). In addition, it is very useful for the distribution company, when it eventually needs to check the indicated by energy odometers (Z2) against what is registered by the controller cabinet. It is important to note that these energy odometers (Z2) will not handle any energy, since they are simple repeaters of the count that is made and recorded in the control cabinet, and their main function is to facilitate the reading and calibration of the measurement. The MONITORING BOXES (Z), as well as the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1), are protected by a sensor that alerts against any unauthorized manipulation in them.
Mejor manera de realizar la invención. Best way to realize the invention.
Para mostrar con claridad la naturaleza y el alcance de la aplicación ventajosa que conlleva el uso de la presente invención, en comparación con el estado de la técnica actual, se describen seguidamente su estructura y su funcionamiento, haciendo referencia a los dibujos que, por representar una realización preferente de dicho objeto, con carácter informativo, deben considerarse en su sentido más amplio y no como limitadores de la aplicación y el contenido de la invención.  To clearly show the nature and scope of the advantageous application involved in the use of the present invention, in comparison with the state of the art, its structure and operation are described below, referring to the drawings which, to represent A preferred embodiment of said object, for informational purposes, should be considered in its broadest sense and not as limiting the application and content of the invention.
El propósito de la Figura 1 es mostrar el protagonismo asignado a los componentes de nuestra invención, esto con el propósito de comprender con certeza su forma de uso. En esta Figura 1 podrá observarse que el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) es el encargado de controlar e interactuar de forma remota con los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), que son los que administran en su punto de ubicación la energía que se les provee a los usuarios de ésta. Estos GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) tienen también la misión de controlar las CAJAS MONITORAS (Z) que son las que facilitan de manera expedita, los derechos de verificar la lectura de consumo y la correcta calibración de la medición de la energía a través de los odómetros de energía (Z2). A continuación se describe con más detalle como funciona cada uno de estos grandes componentes, siempre haciendo referencia a los dibujos que acompañan al siguiente documento.  The purpose of Figure 1 is to show the prominence assigned to the components of our invention, this with the purpose of understanding with certainty its form of use. In this Figure 1 it can be seen that the CONTROL CENTER (X) is in charge of controlling and interacting remotely with the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), which are the ones that manage the energy that is provided to users of this one. These CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) also have the mission of controlling the MONITORING BOXES (Z) that are the ones that expedite, the rights to verify the consumption reading and the correct calibration of the energy measurement through the odometers of energy (Z2). The following describes in more detail how each of these large components works, always referring to the drawings that accompany the following document.
1. Descripción detallada del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X). En la Figura 2 se muestra la configuración del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), y como se puede observar en la misma, cada una de las estaciones de control que componen este Centro sólo requiere de una PC (X2) (Ver Figura 2), un MÓDEM GSM/GPRS (X3) (Ver Figura 2) que de forma similar a la de los teléfonos celulares utiliza una tarjeta SIM cuyo número identifica a la estación de control, y tener instalado el SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) (Ver Figura 2), el cual es la parte más relevante del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), y por lo tanto, se pormenoriza cada uno de sus objetos en este apartado: FUNCIÓN: A través del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) se tiene pleno control del suministro de electricidad a los abonados y de la información del estado de la red de energía. Cada una de las estaciones de control tiene un conjunto de GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) asociados. Para poder explicar el complejo desempeño de su algoritmo haremos uso de la Figura 3, que es una imagen de la interfaz gráfica de este Software, el cual fue diseñado en bloques de colores para facilitar su visualización en la pantalla. A seguir explicaremos la función de cada objeto mostrado en la Figura 3. 1. Detailed description of the CONTROL CENTER (X). Figure 2 shows the configuration of the CONTROL CENTER (X), and as can be seen in it, each of the control stations that make up this Center only requires one PC (X2) (See Figure 2), a GSM / GPRS MODEM (X3) (See Figure 2) that similarly to that of cell phones uses a SIM card whose number identifies the control station, and have the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) installed (See Figure 2 ), which is the most relevant part of the CONTROL CENTER (X), and therefore, each of its objects is detailed in this section: FUNCTION: Through the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) you have full control of the electricity supply to the subscribers and the information of the state of the power grid. Each of the control stations has a set of associated CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y). In order to explain the complex performance of its algorithm, we will use Figure 3, which is an image of the graphic interface of this Software, which was designed in colored blocks to facilitate its display on the screen. Next we will explain the function of each object shown in Figure 3.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INTERFAZ: INTERFACE DESCRIPTION:
Se inicia esta descripción por la cuadrícula compuesta por las columnas comprendidas entre las columnas (al) y (all) de la Figura 3. En las columnas de esta cuadrícula se maneja el histórico de los comandos que se emiten desde el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) hacia los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) (Ver Figura 1), así como todos los eventos que se reportan desde estos GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) hacia el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) (Ver Figura 1).  This description is initiated by the grid composed of the columns between columns (al) and (all) of Figure 3. In the columns of this grid the history of the commands that are issued from the CONTROL CENTER (X) is handled. ) to the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1), as well as all the events that are reported from these CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) to the CONTROL CENTER (X) (See Figure 1).
o En la Figura 3, la columna C (al) de esta cuadrícula indica la inicial del comando enviado o el símbolo del evento recibido. Aquí está la inicial de cada uno de los comandos: "l"= Lectura, "P"= Set/Pwr, "U"= Update, "K"= Set/kW. Los botones que activan estos comandos serán descritos más adelante en este documento. Para los eventos, los símbolos posibles son: "?"=error, "<"=notificación.  o In Figure 3, column C (al) of this grid indicates the initial of the command sent or the symbol of the received event. Here is the initial of each of the commands: "l" = Read, "P" = Set / Pwr, "U" = Update, "K" = Set / kW. The buttons that activate these commands will be described later in this document. For events, the possible symbols are: "?" = Error, "<" = notification.
o La columna Gabinete (a2), de la Figura 3, identifica el número del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figuras 1 y 4), cuyo número lo adopta de la tarjeta SIM (Y3) (Ver Figura 4) del MÓDEM GSM/GPRS (Y2) (Ver figura 4).  o The Cabinet column (a2), of Figure 3, identifies the number of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figures 1 and 4), whose number is adopted from the SIM card (Y3) (See Figure 4) of the GSM MODEM / GPRS (Y2) (See figure 4).
o Continuando en la Figura 3, la columna Fecha (a3) muestra la fecha en que se recibe una respuesta o una notificación del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), lo que genera un nuevo registro en la base de datos de la cuadrícula, o La columna Enviado (a4) muestra la hora en que se envió un comando hacia alguno de los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y),  o Continuing in Figure 3, the Date column (a3) shows the date on which a response or notification is received from the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), which generates a new record in the grid database, or The column Sent (a4) shows the time a command was sent to one of the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y),
o La columna Recibido (a5) muestra la hora en que se recibe una notificación o respuesta desde alguno de los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y),  o The Received column (a5) shows the time a notification or response is received from any of the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y),
o La columna Seg (a6) muestra los segundos transcurridos entre el envío de un comando y la respuesta de los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y),  o The Seg column (a6) shows the seconds between sending a command and the response of the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y),
o La columna Fact (a7) muestra el factor asignado a cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1), el cual determina la cantidad de pulsos que tiene que recibir el sistema para que el mismo registre un kW de consumo para el correspondiente abonado. De igual forma, a partir de estos pulsos se deriva una señal a la CAJA MOIMITO A (Z) para que ésta realice el correspondiente avance en el odómetro de energía del respectivo abonado. Para que esta característica funcione adecuadamente es necesario que todas las tarjetas decodificadoras (Y31) (Ver Figura 5) para un mismo GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) sean homogéneas. o The Fact column (a7) shows the factor assigned to each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1), which determines the number of pulses that You have to receive the system so that it records a kW of consumption for the corresponding subscriber. In the same way, from these pulses a signal is derived to the MOIMITE BOX A (Z) so that it makes the corresponding advance in the energy odometer of the respective subscriber. For this feature to work properly it is necessary that all decoder cards (Y31) (See Figure 5) for the same CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) be homogeneous.
o La columna Status (a8) es una máscara compuesta de l's y O's donde los l's permiten que se activen las verificaciones de las funciones FASE1, FASE2, FASE3, GAB, Y ON, las cuales describiremos adelante.  o The Status column (a8) is a mask composed of l's and O's where l's allow verifications of the PHASE1, PHASE2, PHASE3, GAB, and ON functions to be activated, which we will describe later.
o La columna Alertas (a9) denota normalidad cuando muestra en mayúsculas las iniciales ABCGM las cuales representan lo siguiente:  o The Alerts column (a9) denotes normality when it shows uppercase ABCGM initials which represent the following:
■ ABC = el estado de las tres fases de energía, ■ ABC = the state of the three energy phases,
■ G = la puerta del gabinete controlador, ■ G = the controller cabinet door,
■ M = la puerta de las cajas monitoras de energía, ■ M = the door of the energy monitoring boxes,
Cualquiera de estas iniciales que aparezca en minúscula indica la anomalía correspondiente, emitiendo en el momento que se notifica la anomalía una alerta audible para su debida atención. Para que se consideren las anomalías, las funciones correspondientes deben estar activadas a través de las máscaras de bits (bitmasks) FASE1 (bl), FASE2 (b2), FASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO), para lo cual los textos de dichos bitmasks deberán estar en letras rojas, lo que indica el estado activado,  Any of these initials that appear in lowercase indicates the corresponding anomaly, issuing at the time the anomaly is notified an audible alert for proper attention. For the anomalies to be considered, the corresponding functions must be activated through the bitmasks (bitmasks) PHASE1 (bl), PHASE2 (b2), PHASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO), for which texts of these bitmasks should be in red letters, which indicates the activated state,
o Las columnas U1-U4, U5-U8 y U9-U12, indicadas con el signo (alO) de la Figura 3 muestran, en 3 grupos de 4 abonados, el estado de activación de hasta 12 de éstos, en la cual cada dígito corresponde a un abonado, y donde los l's significan activados y los O's desactivados,  o Columns U1-U4, U5-U8 and U9-U12, indicated by the sign (alO) in Figure 3 show, in 3 groups of 4 subscribers, the activation status of up to 12 of these, in which each digit corresponds to a subscriber, and where l's mean activated and O's deactivated,
o Las columnas Lee 1, Lee 2, Lee 3, Lee 4, Lee 5, Lee 6, Lee 7, Lee 8, Lee 9, Lee 10, Lee 11 y Lee 12 denotadas por el signo (all) muestran las correspondientes lecturas de consumo para cada abonado.  o Columns Lee 1, Lee 2, Lee 3, Lee 4, Lee 5, Lee 6, Lee 7, Lee 8, Lee 9, Lee 10, Lee 11 and Lee 12 denoted by the sign (all) show the corresponding readings of consumption for each subscriber.
Continuando la descripción de la Figura 3, bajo la cuadrícula compuesta por las columnas comprendidas entre los signos (al) y (all) se encuentran una serie de botones de comando, bitmasks y cajas de texto, identificados por los signos (bl) al (c8), los que se describen a continuación: Continuing the description of Figure 3, under the grid consisting of the columns between the signs (al) and (all) are a series of command buttons, bitmasks and text boxes, identified by the signs (bl) at ( c8), those described below:
o Los bitmasks FASE1 (bl), FASE2 (b2), FASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO), a solicitud del operador y en dependencia de confirmación del sistema, permiten efectuar sus respectivas funciones y sólo cuando sus títulos están en letras rojas, de la siguiente manera: o The PHASE1 (bl), PHASE2 (b2), PHASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO) bitmasks, at the request of the operator and depending on the system confirmation, They allow to perform their respective functions and only when their titles are in red letters, as follows:
■ FASE1 (bl); FASE2 (b2) y FASE3 (b3) permiten verificar la existencia de energía eléctrica en las respectivas fases, ■ PHASE1 (bl) ; PHASE2 (b2) and PHASE3 (b3) allow to verify the existence of electrical energy in the respective phases,
■ GAB (b9), si la función está activa, permite verificar de forma particular si la puerta de algún GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) se encuentra abierta, ■ GAB (b9), if the function is active, it allows to verify in particular if the door of any CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is open,
■ MON (blO), si la función está activa, permite verificar si han violado la integridad de alguna CAJA MONITORA (Z), ■ MON (blO), if the function is active, allows to verify if they have violated the integrity of any MONITOR BOX (Z),
Para activar la verificación de las fases, o estado de estos bitmasks en los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), basta un clic izquierdo del mouse sobre el bitmask deseado, en este momento el fondo del cuadro se tornará amarillo, indicando que esta instrucción está pendiente de ser ejecutada, y permanecerá en amarillo hasta que se reciba la respuesta del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) seleccionado, proceso que demora unos pocos segundos. Al obtener esta respuesta del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) los bitmasks quedan en el estado correspondiente a la instrucción realizada.  To activate the verification of the phases, or status of these bitmasks in the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), just left click on the desired bitmask, at this time the bottom of the box will turn yellow, indicating that this instruction is pending be executed, and will remain yellow until the response of the selected CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is received, a process that takes a few seconds. Upon obtaining this response from the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) the bitmasks remain in the state corresponding to the instruction performed.
Las cajas de texto (b4),(b5),(b7),(b8) y el indicador (b6) están estrictamente relacionados con los mensajes de texto hacia y desde los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) y muestran lo siguiente: The text boxes (b4), (b5), (b7), (b8) and the indicator (b6) are strictly related to the text messages to and from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) and show the following:
■ (b4) muestra los segundos que tomó en enviarse el mensaje, ■ (b4) shows the seconds it took to send the message,
■ (b5) muestra la hora en que se recibió la respuesta del mensaje desde el correspondiente GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), ■ (b5) shows the time the message was received from the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y),
■ (b6) es el indicador de mensajes. Al emitir un aviso, el color amarillo indica mensaje enviado, el color verde indica mensaje recibido. ■ (b6) is the message indicator. When issuing a warning, the yellow color indicates the message sent, the green color indicates the message received.
■ (b7) muestra el historial numérico de los mensajes recibidos por la estación de control correspondiente. ■ (b7) shows the numerical history of the messages received by the corresponding control station.
■ (b8) muestra los segundos que la estación de control tomó en recibir la respuesta a un mensaje. ■ (b8) shows the seconds the control station took to receive the reply to a message.
Continuando con la descripción de la Figura 3, los botones de Comando Set/Pwr (el), Set/kW (c2), LECTURA (c3) y Update (c4) sirven para enviar las siguientes instrucciones a los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y):  Continuing with the description in Figure 3, the Set / Pwr (el), Set / kW (c2), READ (c3) and Update (c4) Command buttons are used to send the following instructions to the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y):
■ Set/Pwr (el): sirve para establecer el estado de conexión de todos y cada uno de los abonados conectados al GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1) seleccionado; ■ Set/kW (c2): sirve para preestablecer el valor del conteo con que debe reiniciar el registro del consumo de energía del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1) para un abonado en particular. Esto es útil en casos en que es necesario cambiar un odómetro de energía (12) de la CAJA MONITORA (Z) de manera que la lectura del odómetro corresponda a la que se registra en el sistema; ■ Set / Pwr (el): used to establish the connection status of each and every one of the subscribers connected to the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1) selected; ■ Set / kW (c2): it is used to preset the value of the count with which the register of the energy consumption of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) must be reset (See Figure 1) for a particular subscriber. This is useful in cases where it is necessary to change an energy odometer (12) of the MONITOR BOX (Z) so that the odometer reading corresponds to the one recorded in the system;
■ LECTURA (c3): sirve para extraer de forma simultánea la lectura del consumo registrado para todos los abonados pertenecientes al GABI NETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1) seleccionado; ■ READING (c3): used to simultaneously extract the reading of the consumption recorded for all subscribers belonging to the GABI NETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (See Figure 1) selected;
■ Update (c4): sirve para actualizar en los GABI NETES CONTROLADORES (Y) (Ver Figura 1) los siguientes elementos: los números SI M de la estación correspondiente del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), los bitmasks de permiso FASE1 (bl), FASE2 (b2), FASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO), la opción USER (d4), e instruye, según modificación en (d3), el cambio de valor del factor de pulsos/kW del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 3); ■ Update (c4): it is used to update the following elements in the GABI NETWORK CONTROLLERS (Y) (See Figure 1): the SI M numbers of the corresponding station of the CONTROL CENTER (X), the permission bitmasks PHASE1 (bl) , PHASE2 (b2), PHASE3 (b3), GAB (b9), MON (blO), the USER option (d4), and instructs, according to modification in (d3), the change in value of the pulse factor / kW of the CABINET CONTROLLER (Y) (See Figure 3);
Las cajas de texto (c5), (c6) y el conjunto indicado por los signos (c7) y (c8), sirven para guardar información de las tarjetas SIM y los teléfonos celulares que interactuarán con esta interfaz a través de una red GSM/GPRS, aquí sus funciones:  The text boxes (c5), (c6) and the set indicated by the signs (c7) and (c8), are used to store information on the SIM cards and cell phones that will interact with this interface through a GSM / GPRS, here its functions:
■ (c5) guarda el número de la tarjeta SIM de la correspondiente estación del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) asociada a un GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y). ■ (c5) saves the SIM card number of the corresponding CONTROL CENTER station (X) associated with a CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
" (c6) muestra y registra en la interfaz el número de la tarjeta SIM de cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1).  "(c6) shows and registers on the interface the SIM card number of each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1).
■ Las cajas de texto indicadas por (c8) guardan los números de los teléfonos celulares que tendrán el privilegio de poder ser notificados, por el sistema descrito en el presente documento de solicitud de patente, sobre los eventos de alerta que ocurran en la red. Así de manera correspondiente se guardan los nombres de estos usuarios telefónicos en las cajas de texto indicadas por (c7). ■ The text boxes indicated by (c8) keep the cell phone numbers that will have the privilege of being able to be notified, by the system described in this patent application document, of alert events that occur on the network. Thus, the names of these telephone users are stored in the text boxes indicated by (c7).
En la Figura 3, el bloque en el cual se encuentran las columnas identificadas por los signos (di) y (d2) es donde se controla y se lee el estado de conexión de los abonados, así como donde se realizan las lecturas de consumo eléctrico de los abonados, siendo que la misma línea de cada columna corresponde siempre al mismo abonado. Detallando estos signos: In Figure 3, the block in which the columns identified by the signs (di) and (d2) are located is where the subscriber's connection status is controlled and read, as well as where the consumption readings are made electrical of the subscribers, being that the same line of each column always corresponds to the same subscriber. Detailing these signs:
■ Las banderas (flags) de la columna (di) corresponden al estado de conexión de los abonados, cada uno de los cuales está identificado por el sufijo numérico del título de cada cuadro de esta columna (di). Este mismo título al estar en rojo indica abonado activado, y en negro abonado desactivado, el cambio se logra de dos maneras: manual y automático. En modo manual se logra con un clic izquierdo del mouse sobre los flags que identifican a los abonados a seleccionar, luego se pulsa Set/Pwr (el) y sólo se espera la respuesta del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y). El modo automático lo ejecuta el SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) al determinar la existencia de saldos vencidos de los abonados y procediendo de acuerdo a las políticas de la empresa distribuidora de energía. ■ The flags (flags) of column (di) correspond to the subscribers' connection status, each of which is identified by the numerical suffix of the title of each frame of this column (di). This same title when being in red indicates subscriber activated, and in black subscriber deactivated, the change is achieved in two ways: manual and automatic. In manual mode it is achieved with a left mouse click on the flags that identify the subscribers to select, then press Set / Pwr (el) and only the response of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) is expected. The automatic mode is executed by the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) when determining the existence of past due balances of the subscribers and proceeding according to the policies of the energy distribution company.
■ Las cajas de texto mostradas en la columna (d2) muestran el consumo histórico de cada abonado, y cuentan con la flexibilidad de podérseles preestablecer valores. Como ya fue mencionado en la descripción de Set/kW (c2), esto es útil en casos en que es necesario cambiar un odómetro de energía (Z2) de la CAJA MONITORA (Z) de manera que la lectura del odómetro corresponda a la que se registra en el sistema. Para preestablecer un valor de consumo en (d2) para alguno de los abonados, basta un clic izquierdo del mouse sobre la caja de texto que se desea modificar y se dígita el nuevo valor; si el operador decide revertir esto, sólo deberá dar un clic derecho del mouse sobre la caja seleccionada y se restaurarán los valores corrientes; de lo contrario, se pulsa el botón Set/kW (c2) a espera de la respuesta del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) correspondiente para dar por concluida la operación. Debido a sus implicaciones en el control de los registros, se recomienda ser muy cuidadoso al momento de realizar esta operación. ■ The text boxes shown in column (d2) show the historical consumption of each subscriber, and have the flexibility of being able to preset values. As already mentioned in the description of Set / kW (c2), this is useful in cases where it is necessary to change an energy odometer (Z2) of the MONITOR BOX (Z) so that the odometer reading corresponds to the one It is registered in the system. To preset a consumption value in (d2) for any of the subscribers, just left click on the text box to be modified and the new value is digitized; if the operator decides to reverse this, he must only right click on the selected box and the current values will be restored; otherwise, the Set / kW button (c2) is pressed pending the response of the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) to terminate the operation. Due to its implications in the control of the records, it is recommended to be very careful when performing this operation.
La caja de texto (d3) permite definir el factor asignado al correspondiente GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) para determinar la cantidad de pulsos que tiene que recibir el sistema para que el mismo registre un kW de consumo. Este valor registrado en la caja de texto (d3) es enviado al pulsar el botón UPDATE (c4), en espera de la respuesta del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) correspondiente para dar por concluida la operación. The text box (d3) allows to define the factor assigned to the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) to determine the amount of pulses that the system has to receive in order for it to register a kW of consumption. This value registered in the text box (d3) is sent when the button is pressed UPDATE (c4), awaiting the response of the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) to terminate the operation.
USER (d4) es la opción que de estar habilitada permite a los abonados realizar la lectura de su consumo desde su teléfono celular por medio del envío y recepción de SMS.  USER (d4) is the option that, if enabled, allows subscribers to read their consumption from their cell phone by sending and receiving SMS.
La cuadrícula de la Figura 3 compuesta por las columnas comprendidas entre los signos (el) y (e4) es la encargada de mostrar los eventos sin confirmación entre el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) y los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) (Ver Figura 1) de la siguiente manera:  The grid of Figure 3 composed of the columns between the signs (el) and (e4) is responsible for displaying the events without confirmation between the CONTROL CENTER (X) and the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) (See Figure 1) as follows:
■ columna (el) muestra el número SIM del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver Figura 1); ■ column (el) shows the SIM number of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See Figure 1);
■ columna (e2) indica la inicial del comando enviado, según lo indicado en la descripción de la columna C (al); ■ column (e2) indicates the initial of the command sent, as indicated in the description of column C (al);
■ columna (e3) presenta el símbolo de cualquier error de alerta, según lo indicado en la descripción de la columna C (a l); ■ column (e3) presents the symbol of any alert error, as indicated in the description of column C (al);
■ columna (e4) muestra la fecha y hora en que se generó el registro. Esta cuadrícula es de gran utilidad, ya que entre sus funciones está la de registrar y mantener visible en pantalla, todo comando emitido hacia los gabinetes controladores, hasta que este SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) reciba de los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) una respuesta de SMS con un código de identificación igual al del comando enviado, lo que hace tener al sistema un comportamiento redundante. La otra gran función de esta cuadrícula es la de mantener mostrada en los correspondientes registros las alertas notificadas por la red hasta que éstas sean corregidas, y para lo cual se necesita recibir un SMS por cada registro de alerta. Se considera que la red de energía presenta un óptimo desempeño mientras la cuadrícula definida por las columnas (el), (e2), (e3) y (e4) permanezca vacía. ■ column (e4) shows the date and time the record was generated. This grid is very useful, since among its functions is to register and keep visible on the screen, any command issued to the control cabinets, until this MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) receives a response from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) SMS with an identification code equal to the command sent, which makes the system have redundant behavior. The other great function of this grid is to keep the alerts notified by the network until they are corrected, and for which you need to receive an SMS for each alert record. The energy network is considered to perform optimally as long as the grid defined by columns (el), (e2), (e3) and (e4) remains empty.
Continuando con la descripción de la interfaz mostrada en la Figura 3, el botón (fl) y las cajas de texto (f2), (f3), (f4) sirven para la operación de búsqueda de cualquier abonado que esté contenido en la base de datos de abonados registrados, esta búsqueda se puede hacer por número de servicio eléctrico (f2), por nombre del abonado (f3) y por el número SIM (f4) del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y). Basta situarse en cualquiera de estas cajas de texto y el sistema de búsqueda irá mostrando los resultados encontrados de forma interactiva a medida que se escriba cada carácter. El botón GO (fl) se utiliza para fijar la selección del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) resultante de la búsqueda y así mostrar en pantalla la información correspondiente a este gabinete. Continuing with the description of the interface shown in Figure 3, the button (fl) and the text boxes (f2), (f3), (f4) are used to search for any subscriber that is contained in the database. Registered subscriber data, this search can be done by electrical service number (f2), by subscriber name (f3) and by the SIM number (f4) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y). Just place yourself in any of these text boxes and the search system will show the results found interactively as each character is entered. The GO (fl) button is used to set the selection of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) resulting from the search and thus display the information corresponding to this cabinet on the screen.
En la Figura 3, la cuadrícula compuesta por las columnas comprendidas entre los signos (gl) y (g4) es la encargada de mostrar la base de datos de los abonados de la siguiente manera:  In Figure 3, the grid composed of the columns between the signs (gl) and (g4) is responsible for displaying the subscribers' database as follows:
■ columna (gl) muestra el número asignado al medidor dentro del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y); ■ column (gl) shows the number assigned to the meter inside the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y);
' columna (g2) indica el número del servicio eléctrico;  'column (g2) indicates the number of the electrical service;
■ columna (g3) muestra el nombre del abonado; ■ column (g3) shows the name of the subscriber;
■ columna (g4) presenta el número SI del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) correspondiente. ■ column (g4) presents the SI number of the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
En el bloque de la Figura 3 constituido por los objetos señalados por los signos (hl), (h2), (h3), (h4), (h5), (h6), (h7), y (h8) se permite filtrar la información histórica de registros de la base de datos de información recibida desde los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) mostrada en la cuadrícula de la parte superior de esta Figura 3 y compuesta por las columnas comprendidas entre los signos (al) y (all). El efecto de estos objetos es el siguiente:  In the block of Figure 3 consisting of the objects indicated by the signs (hl), (h2), (h3), (h4), (h5), (h6), (h7), and (h8) it is allowed to filter the historical information of records of the information database received from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) shown in the grid at the top of this Figure 3 and composed of the columns between the signs (al) and (all). The effect of these objects is as follows:
■ los botones de opción (hl),(h2),(h3) y (h4) son los encargados de filtrar el tipo de información a mostrar y lo hacen de esta manera: si se selecciona la opción (hl) se mostrarán todos los tipos de información, si se selecciona la opción (h2) se mostrará sólo aquella información generada desde el centro de control y para la que además se recibió respuesta por parte de los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), si selecciona la opción (h3) se mostrarán sólo las notificaciones de eventos generados con autonomía desde los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), si selecciona la opción (h4) se mostraran sólo las notificaciones de error generadas con autonomía por los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y); ■ the option buttons (hl), (h2), (h3) and (h4) are responsible for filtering the type of information to be displayed and they do it this way: if option (hl) is selected, all the types of information, if option (h2) is selected, only that information generated from the control center will be shown and for which response was also received from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), if option (h3) is selected, they will be displayed only notifications of events generated autonomously from the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), if you select option (h4) only error notifications generated autonomously by the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) will be displayed;
■ la caja de texto (h5), si contiene un asterisco el informe mostrará la información generada por todos los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), pero si contiene el código SIM de un GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) específico sólo mostrará la información de éste; ■ the text box (h5), if it contains an asterisk, the report will show the information generated by all CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), but if it contains the SIM code of a specific CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), it will only show the information of the latter;
■ las cajas de texto (h6) y (h7) determinan el periodo de la información; ■ finalmente, el botón INFORMES (h8) es el encargado de hacer efectiva la selección elegida y genera un informe tanto en la interfaz como impreso. ■ the text boxes (h6) and (h7) determine the information period; ■ Finally, the REPORTS button (h8) is responsible for making the selected selection effective and generates a report both in the interface and in print.
o Para finalizar con la descripción de la Figura 3, el botón SALIR (h9) sirve para abandonar la interfaz de control del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) (Ver Figuras 2 y 3).  o To finish with the description in Figure 3, the EXIT button (h9) is used to leave the control interface of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) (See Figures 2 and 3).
Descripción detallada del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y). Las figuras 4 y 5 representan la arquitectura interna del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) mostrado en la Figura 1. A estos gabinetes se conectan las líneas de baja tensión, y cada uno de estos GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) tiene la capacidad para atender hasta doce abonados de la red de distribución de energía. La figura 4 representa la arquitectura en detalle de la COMPUTADORA (Yc) y la Figura 5 representa la arquitectura del MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO Detailed description of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y). Figures 4 and 5 represent the internal architecture of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) shown in Figure 1. The low voltage lines are connected to these cabinets, and each of these CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) has the capacity to serve up to twelve subscribers of the power distribution network. Figure 4 represents the architecture in detail of the COMPUTER (Y c ) and Figure 5 represents the architecture of the PERIPHERAL MODULE
Las principales funciones y características del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) (Ver figura 1) son: The main functions and characteristics of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) (See figure 1) are:
• Conecta y desconecta el suministro de energía eléctrica.  • Connect and disconnect the power supply.
• Mide el consumo de energía eléctrica.  • Measures the consumption of electrical energy.
• Alerta por la apertura de GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) y CAJAS MONITORAS (Z). • Alert for the opening of CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) and MONITORING BOXES (Z).
• Detecta las fases activas de energía de la red. • Detects the active phases of network power.
• Desconecta a cualquier abonado por sobredemanda de potencia.  • Disconnect any subscriber due to power demand.
• Un Microcontrolador centinela vigila el enlace de las comunicaciones.  • A sentinel Microcontroller monitors the communications link.
• Funciona con batería de respaldo.  • Works with backup battery.
Para facilitar el entendimiento de la descripción detallada del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) mostrado en la Figura 1 y cuya arquitectura se representa en las Figuras 4 y 5, se considera oportuno describir la función y composición de las líneas que interconectan los diferentes elementos dentro del mismo. Estas líneas, que son conocidas en la jerga tecnológica popularmente como buses, son los encargados de transportar los datos y la energía dentro del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y).  To facilitate the understanding of the detailed description of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) shown in Figure 1 and whose architecture is represented in Figures 4 and 5, it is considered appropriate to describe the function and composition of the lines that interconnect the different elements within it . These lines, which are popularly known in technology jargon as buses, are responsible for transporting data and energy within the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
o Las líneas representadas de forma esquemática en la Figura 4 están configuradas de la siguiente manera:  o The lines represented schematically in Figure 4 are configured as follows:
■ (Y13) cinco líneas de datos digitales, ■ (Y13) five lines of digital data,
■ (Y14) tres líneas de datos digitales, ■ (Y14) three lines of digital data,
■ (Y15), (Y16), (Y17) cada una es una línea de energía, ■ (Y18), tres líneas de datos digitales, ■ (Y15), (Y16), (Y17) each is a power line, ■ (Y18), three lines of digital data,
■ (Y19), (Y20) una línea de datos digitales, ■ (Y19), (Y20) a line of digital data,
■ (Y21) dos líneas de datos digitales, ■ (Y21) two lines of digital data,
- (Y22), (Y23), (Y24) doce líneas de datos digitales,  - (Y22), (Y23), (Y24) twelve lines of digital data,
■ (Y25), doce líneas de datos digitales, ■ (Y25), twelve lines of digital data,
■ (Y26), doce líneas analógicas de control, ■ (Y26), twelve analog control lines,
• (Y27) doce líneas de energía,  • (Y27) twelve power lines,
■ (Y43) dos líneas de voltaje continuo. ■ (Y43) two lines of continuous voltage.
o Para la Figura 5 la configuración de las líneas de sus buses es la siguiente: o For Figure 5 the configuration of the lines of its buses is as follows:
■ (Y22) doce líneas de datos digitales. ■ (Y22) twelve lines of digital data.
■ (Y27) doce líneas de energía, ■ (Y27) twelve power lines,
■ (Y32) tres líneas de energía denominadas Llf L2 Y L3, ■ (Y32) three power lines called L lf L 2 YL 3 ,
■ (Y33) una línea de energía derivada de LlP ■ (Y33) a power line derived from L lP
■ (Y34) (Y35), (Y36) de doce a treinta y seis líneas de energía en función del tipo de servicio eléctrico contratado (monofásico, bifásico o trifásico), ■ (Y34) (Y35), (Y36) of twelve to thirty-six power lines depending on the type of electrical service contracted (single-phase, two-phase or three-phase),
■ (Y37) doce líneas de datos analógicos, ■ (Y37) twelve analog data lines,
o A como puede deducirse de la Figura 1, algunas líneas de buses conectan al GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) con la CAJA MONITORA (Z), así que, además de las líneas indicadas en las Figuras 4 y 5 y con el fin de explicar mejor el funcionamiento del sistema, se considera apropiado describir la configuración de las líneas de buses de la Figura 6:  or A as can be deduced from Figure 1, some bus lines connect the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) with the MONITOR BOX (Z), so, in addition to the lines indicated in Figures 4 and 5 and in order to explain better the operation of the system, it is considered appropriate to describe the configuration of the bus lines in Figure 6:
■ (Y24) doce líneas de datos, ■ (Y24) twelve lines of data,
■ (Z6) doce líneas de datos de polaridad alterna. ■ (Z6) twelve lines of alternating polarity data.
" (Y43) dos líneas de voltaje continuo.  "(Y43) two lines of continuous voltage.
Con relación a la forma como se ejecutan las funciones mencionadas con anterioridad en el GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), a continuación se describen las mismas:  With regard to the way in which the functions mentioned above are executed in the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), the following are described below:
o CONECTAR Y DESCONECTAR EL SUMINISTRO DE ENERGÍA: Según lo evidencia la antena (Yl) de la Figura 4, el Módem (Y2) recibe la información vía GSM/G PRS, la decodifica y la envía en modo texto hacia el Microcontrolador (Y5) (Ver Figura 4), el cual la procesa y la envía para su ejecución hacia los optoacopladores del módulo (Y8) (Ver Figura 4), los cuales gobiernan a los alternistores del módulo (Y9) (Ver Figura 4) que son los encargados de activar o desactivar a través del bus (Y27) (Ver Figuras 4 y 5), cualquiera o todos los contactores del módulo (Y28) (Ver Figura 5), que por medio de sus contactos llevan la corriente alterna a través del módulo de los sensores derivadores de energía (Y29) (Ver Figura 5), y de éstos hacia las horneras (Y30) (Ver Figura 5) de conexión para las acometidas, donde se conectan las acometidas (Y36) (Ver Figura 5), para finalmente llevar la corriente alterna (Y39) (Ver Figura 5) hasta el abonado. o CONNECT AND DISCONNECT THE POWER SUPPLY: As evidenced by the antenna (Yl) of Figure 4, the Modem (Y2) receives the information via GSM / G PRS, decodes it and sends it in text mode to the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4), which processes and sends it for execution to the optocouplers of the module (Y8) (See Figure 4), which govern the alternators of the module (Y9) (See Figure 4) who are in charge to activate or deactivate through the bus (Y27) (See Figures 4 and 5), any or all of the module contactors (Y28) (See Figure 5), which through their contacts they carry the alternating current through the module of the energy derivative sensors (Y29) (See Figure 5), and of these towards the furnaces (Y30) (See Figure 5) for connection to the connections, where the connections are connected (Y36) ) (See Figure 5), to finally bring the alternating current (Y39) (See Figure 5) to the subscriber.
El módulo (Y28) (Ver Figura 5) está compuesto por doce contactores de tres contactos para manejar hasta tres fases de energía, las bobinas de estos contactores son alimentadas en su punto común solo por una de las fases (Y33) (Ver Figura 5), que se deriva de una de las posibles tres que componen a (Y32) (Ver Figura 5). El símbolo de sinusoidal (Y38) en la figura 5 indica que en (Y32) y (Y33) (Ver Figura 5), sólo es permisible corriente alterna.  The module (Y28) (See Figure 5) is composed of twelve three-contact contactors to handle up to three energy phases, the coils of these contactors are fed at their common point only by one of the phases (Y33) (See Figure 5 ), which is derived from one of the possible three that make up (Y32) (See Figure 5). The sinusoidal symbol (Y38) in Figure 5 indicates that in (Y32) and (Y33) (See Figure 5), only alternating current is permissible.
MEDIR EL CONSUMO DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA: Las débiles señales analógicas (Y40) (Ver Figura 5) que se generan en los sensores derivadores de energía (Y29) (Ver Figura 5) del MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp), circulan por el bus (Y37) (Ver Figura 5) que alimenta a las tarjetas decodificadoras del consumo (Y31) (Ver Figura 5), de donde salen amplificadas y convertidas en pulsos digitales (Y41) (Ver Figuras 4 y 5), luego éstas se envían a través del bus (Y22) (Ver Figuras 4 y 5) a las entradas del Microcontrolador (Y10) (Ver Figura 4), el cual se encarga de capturar y dividir estos pulsos entre 4, con propósitos de optimización computacional. Luego este Microcontrolador (Y10) (Ver Figura 4), envía el resultado de esta operación hacia el Microcontrolador (Y5) (Ver Figura 4), encargado de calcular y almacenar el valor de la medición del consumo de energía de acuerdo al factor de pulsaciones con que fueron fabricadas las tarjetas decodificadoras (Y31) (Ver Figura 5). Los pulsos digitales (Y41) (Ver Figuras 4 y 5) provenientes de las tarjetas decodificadoras (Y31) (Ver Figura 5), también son recibidos por el módulo de los optoacopladores (Yll) (Ver Figura 4), encargados de intervenir para relevar y enviar de forma correspondiente y a partir de los pulsos digitales (Y41) (Ver Figuras 4 y 5), los pulsos (Y42) (Ver Figuras 4 y 6) hacia los odómetros de energía (Z2) de la CAJA MONITORA (Z) (Ver Figura 6). Es conveniente en este punto destacar que los sensores derivadores de energía (Y29) (Ver Figura 5) y las tarjetas decodificadoras del consumo (Y31) (Ver Figura 5) son los componentes utilizados en la presente invención con el fin de garantizar la precisión en la medida de la energía consumida. También cabe mencionar que el sistema funciona con sensores derivadores de energía (Y29) y tarjetas decodificadoras del consumo (Y31) provistos por cualquier fabricante certificado, y para estas últimas el único requisito es sean de LED pulsante. Estos componentes son de precisión certificada, por lo que al cumplir rigurosamente con los estándares internacionales son utilizados comúnmente en los medidores de energía de la actual tecnología. MEASURE THE ELECTRICAL POWER CONSUMPTION: The weak analog signals (Y40) (See Figure 5) that are generated in the energy shunt sensors (Y29) (See Figure 5) of the PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ), circulate on the bus (Y37 ) (See Figure 5) that feeds the decoder cards of consumption (Y31) (See Figure 5), from where they are amplified and converted into digital pulses (Y41) (See Figures 4 and 5), then they are sent through the bus (Y22) (See Figures 4 and 5) to the inputs of the Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4), which is responsible for capturing and dividing these pulses by 4, for purposes of computational optimization. Then this Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4), sends the result of this operation to the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4), in charge of calculating and storing the energy consumption measurement value according to the pulsation factor with which the decoder cards (Y31) were manufactured (See Figure 5). The digital pulses (Y41) (See Figures 4 and 5) from the decoder cards (Y31) (See Figure 5), are also received by the optocouplers module (Yll) (See Figure 4), responsible for intervening to relieve and send correspondingly and from the digital pulses (Y41) (See Figures 4 and 5), the pulses (Y42) (See Figures 4 and 6) to the energy odometers (Z2) of the MONITOR BOX (Z) ( See Figure 6). It is convenient at this point to highlight that the energy shunt sensors (Y29) (See Figure 5) and the consumption decoder cards (Y31) (See Figure 5) are the components used in the present invention in order to ensure accuracy in the measure of the energy consumed. It is also worth mentioning that the system works with energy shunt sensors (Y29) and cards Consumer decoders (Y31) provided by any certified manufacturer, and for the latter the only requirement is to be pulsed LED. These components are certified precision, so that rigorously complying with international standards are commonly used in energy meters of current technology.
ALERTA POR ABUSO DE GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) Y/O CAJAS MONITORAS (Z): Cuando el módulo de optoacopladores (Y7) de la COMPUTADORA (Yc) (Ver Figura 4), detecta que se ha violado o abierto de forma no autorizada algún GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) o alguna CAJA MONITORA (Z), el GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) ejecuta de forma autónoma e inmediata las acciones de desconectar el suministro de energía eléctrica a todos los abonados conectados a ese GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) y la de enviar una alerta al CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) y a los teléfonos de contacto registrados en (c7) y (c8), para que la empresa distribuidora de energía actúe acorde a la situación. WARNING ABUSE OF CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) AND / OR MONITORING BOXES (Z): When the computer's optocoupler module (Y7) (Y c ) (See Figure 4), it detects that it has been violated or opened in an unauthorized manner some CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) or some MONITOR BOX (Z), the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) executes the actions of disconnecting the electricity supply to all the subscribers connected to that CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) autonomously and immediately send an alert to the CONTROL CENTER (X) and to the contact numbers registered in (c7) and (c8), so that the energy distribution company acts according to the situation.
DETECTA LAS FASES DE ENERGÍA ACTIVAS DE LA RED: El módulo de optoacopladores (Y6) (Ver Figura 4) sirve para detectar, por medio de las líneas (Y15), (Y16) y (Y17) (Ver figura 4), la actividad de una, dos o hasta tres fases de baja tensión. Es importante mencionar que el Microcontrolador (Y5) (Ver Figura 4) va a testear únicamente aquellas fases de energía (bl), (b2) y (b3) (Ver Figura 3) que fueron instruidas de forma remota desde la estación de control correspondiente del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X).  DETECT THE ACTIVE POWER PHASES OF THE NETWORK: The optocoupler module (Y6) (See Figure 4) is used to detect, through lines (Y15), (Y16) and (Y17) (See figure 4), the activity One, two or even three phases of low voltage. It is important to mention that the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4) will test only those energy phases (bl), (b2) and (b3) (See Figure 3) that were remotely instructed from the corresponding control station of the CONTROL CENTER (X).
DESCONEXIÓN SELECTIVA POR SOBREDEMANDA DE POTENCIA: Si el período de tiempo entre los pulsos (Y41) (Ver Figuras 4 y 5) recibidos en cualquiera de las entradas del Microcontrolador (Y10) (Ver Figura 4) desde el módulo de las tarjetas decodificadoras (Y31) (Ver Figura 5) es más corto que el parámetro definido en el sistema para un determinado abonado, entonces el Microcontrolador (Y10) (Ver Figura 4), mantiene en nivel alto la señal que envía por la línea correspondiente del bus (Y23) (Ver Figura 4) hacia el Microcontrolador (Y5) (Ver Figura 4), para que este desconecte la energía al abonado responsable de esta sobredemanda de potencia. SELECTIVE DISCONNECTION BY POWER OVERDEMAND: If the period of time between the pulses (Y41) (See Figures 4 and 5) received at any of the inputs of the Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4) from the decoder card module (Y31) ) (See Figure 5) is shorter than the parameter defined in the system for a given subscriber, then the Microcontroller (Y10) (See Figure 4), keeps the signal sent by the corresponding bus line (Y23) high (See Figure 4) towards the Microcontroller (Y5) (See Figure 4), so that it disconnects power to the subscriber responsible for this power demand.
CENTINELA DEL ENLACE REMOTO: En la Figura 4, el Microcontrolador (Y4) tiene por misión detectar permanentemente el pin de status y el pin de red del Módem GSM/GPRS (Y2). Cuando uno de estos pines no está en el nivel de voltaje o frecuencia de pulsos deseado, este Microcontrolador (Y4) envía una señal para reinicializar (reset) el Módem GSM/GPRS (Y2). Para abrir su canal de comunicación estos ódems usan una tarjeta SIM (Y3) similar a la de los teléfonos celulares, y el número asignado a esta tarjeta identifica al correspondiente GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), REMOTE LINK CENTINEL: In Figure 4, the Microcontroller (Y4) has the mission of permanently detecting the status pin and the network pin of the GSM / GPRS Modem (Y2). When one of these pins is not at the desired voltage level or pulse rate, this Microcontroller (Y4) sends a signal to reset (reset) the GSM / GPRS modem (Y2). To open their communication channel these odems use a SIM card (Y3) similar to that of cell phones, and the number assigned to this card identifies the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y),
o FU NCIONA CON RESPALDO DE BATERÍA: La CO PUTADORA (Yc) presentada en la Figura 4 del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) funciona con batería de respaldo (Y12), lo que garantiza que ante la eventual falta de la energía pública, tanto la COMPUTADORA (Yc) (Ver Figura 4) del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), como la alerta de apertura de la CAJA MONITORA (Z), quedan funcionando hasta por quince días sin requerir energía pública. Para finalizar con la descripción detallada del gabinete controlador, se considera importante mencionar que para establecer la comunicación entre el módem del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) y la estación de control correspondiente en el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), se utiliza un protocolo basado en el conjunto de comandos Hayes, también conocidos como comandos AT. Descripción detallada de los CAJA MONITORA (Z). La Figura 6 representa la arquitectura de la CAJA MONITORA (Z) (Ver Figura 1). La función de este componente es facilitar al usuario constatar su consumo y al ente rector verificar la correcta calibración del medidor de energía. Los módulos que lo componen son: o FU NCIONA WITH BATTERY BACKUP: The SPUTTER CO (Y c ) presented in Figure 4 of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) works with a backup battery (Y12), which guarantees that in the event of a lack of public energy, both the COMPUTER (Y c ) (See Figure 4) of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), such as the opening alert of the MONITORING BOX (Z), remain operating for up to fifteen days without requiring public power. To conclude with the detailed description of the control cabinet, it is considered important to mention that to establish communication between the modem of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) and the corresponding control station in the CONTROL CENTER (X), a protocol based on the Hayes command set, also known as AT commands. Detailed description of the MONITOR BOX (Z). Figure 6 represents the architecture of the MONITOR BOX (Z) (See Figure 1). The function of this component is to facilitate the user to verify its consumption and to the governing body to verify the correct calibration of the energy meter. The modules that compose it are:
o Un odómetro de energía por cada abonado (Z2) (Ver Figura 6). Estos discos utilizan para el avance de su conteo un micromotor tipo paso a paso, o Un módulo de control compuesto por un microcontrolador (Zl) (Ver Figura 6), encargado de gobernar a los micromotores de cada odómetro de energía <Z2).  o One energy odometer for each subscriber (Z2) (See Figure 6). These disks use a step-by-step micromotor for the advance of their counting, or a control module composed of a microcontroller (Zl) (See Figure 6), in charge of governing the micromotors of each energy odometer <Z2).
o Un LED pulsante (Z3), sirve para verificar la exactitud de la medida a partir de la frecuencia de los pulsos luminosos emitidos,  o A pulsating LED (Z3), serves to verify the accuracy of the measurement from the frequency of the emitted light pulses,
o Por último, el módulo de voltaje, compuesto por un regulador de voltaje (Z4) (Ver Figura 6), se encarga de proporcionar el voltaje continuo (Z7) (Ver Figura 6) necesario para el debido funcionamiento de la CAJA MONITORA (Z).  o Finally, the voltage module, composed of a voltage regulator (Z4) (See Figure 6), is responsible for providing the continuous voltage (Z7) (See Figure 6) necessary for the proper functioning of the MONITOR BOX (Z ).
La forma en que funciona la CAJA MONITORA (Z) es la siguiente: Los pulsos (Y42) recibidos a través del bus (Y24) (Ver Figuras 4 y 6) son enviados a las entradas del módulo (Zl) (Ver figura 6), compuesto por un micro controlador que tiene como misión convertir los pulsos de polaridad continua (Y42) (Ver figura 6) en pulsos de polaridad alternos (Z5) (Ver Figura 6), para que luego sean enviados a través del bus (Z6) (Ver figura 6), hacia el módulo de odómetros de energía (Z2) (Ver figura 6) compuesto por hasta doce micromotores de paso a paso encargados de hacer avanzar de forma correspondiente los odómetros de energía (Z2) que indican el consumo de kilowatts-hora por abonado. Se realiza esta conversión de pulsos debido a que este tipo de micromotores del módulo de odómetros de energía (12) (Ver Figura 6) requieren de estos pulsos de polaridad alternosThe way the MONITOR BOX (Z) works is as follows: The pulses (Y42) received through the bus (Y24) (See Figures 4 and 6) are sent to the module inputs (Zl) (See figure 6) , composed of a micro controller whose mission is to convert the pulses of continuous polarity (Y42) (See figure 6) into alternating polarity pulses (Z5) (See Figure 6), so that they are then sent through the bus (Z6) (See figure 6), towards Energy odometers module (Z2) (See figure 6) composed of up to twelve step-by-step micromotors responsible for advancing correspondingly the energy odometers (Z2) that indicate the consumption of kilowatt hours per subscriber. This pulse conversion is performed because this type of micromotors of the energy odometer module (12) (See Figure 6) requires these alternate polarity pulses
(Z5) (Ver Figura 6) para poder funcionar. (Z5) (See Figure 6) to function.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica caracterizado por estar compuesto por:  1. Remote management system of the electric power distribution network characterized by being composed of:
o Un CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) compuesto por al menos una estación de control, capaz de controlar y monitorear el suministro de energía a múltiples abonados de la red mediante la interacción de forma remota con los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) por medio del uso del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) instalado en una PC (X2) y un MÓDE GSM/GPRS (X3);  o A CONTROL CENTER (X) composed of at least one control station, capable of controlling and monitoring the power supply to multiple subscribers of the network by interacting remotely with the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) through the use of MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) installed on a PC (X2) and a GSM / GPRS MODE (X3);
o Uno o más GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), adonde se conectan las acometidas de baja tensión, cada uno de estos GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) comprende los módulos de COMPUTADORA (Yc) y MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp), y a través de estos se encarga de interactuar de forma remota con una de las estaciones del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), con capacidad para atender múltiples abonados de la red al mismo tiempo y donde cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), a través de sus componentes electrónicos: un conjunto de Microcontroladores con sus respectivos componentes auxiliares y un MÓDEM GSM/GPRS (Y2), tiene las funciones de controlar y notificar las acciones de medir, leer, conectar y desconectar a cada uno de los abonados atendidos por este gabinete, gobernar el conteo que se efectúa en las CAJAS MONITORAS (Z), así como informar, aún durante la ausencia de energía eléctrica, sobre fallas en la red y las alertas que se originan cuando el GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) o la CAJA MONITORA (Z) son intervenidos por personas no autorizadas, acciones que realiza en dependencia de comandos recibidos desde el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), o bien, de forma autónoma como respuesta a eventos específicos en la red; finalmente, por cada uno de estos GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) existe una correspondiente o CAJA MONITORA (Z) en la que se resguardan, de forma separada del respectivo GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), los odómetros de energía de los abonados correspondientes al GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), odómetros que no controlan el suministro de energía eléctrica ya que son sólo repetidores del conteo que se efectúa en el GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), por lo que su función es facilitar al abonado la lectura de su consumo y al ente rector la calibración de la medida.o One or more CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), where the low voltage connections are connected, each of these CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) comprises the COMPUTER modules (Y c ) and PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ), and through these responsible for interacting remotely with one of the stations of the CONTROL CENTER (X), with the capacity to serve multiple subscribers of the network at the same time and where each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), through its electronic components: a set of Microcontrollers with their respective auxiliary components and a GSM / GPRS MODEM (Y2), have the functions of controlling and notifying the actions of measuring, reading, connecting and disconnecting each of the subscribers served by this cabinet, governing the count that is made in the MONITORING BOXES (Z), as well as informing, even during the absence of electric power, about network failures and alerts that arise when the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) or the MONITORING BOX (Z) are intervened os by unauthorized persons, actions performed in dependence on commands received from the CONTROL CENTER (X), or, independently, in response to specific events on the network; finally, for each of these CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) there is a corresponding or MONITOR BOX (Z) in which, separately from the respective CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), the energy odometers of the subscribers corresponding to the CONTROLLER CABINET ( Y), odometers that do not control the supply of electrical energy since they are only repeaters of the count that is made in the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), so that its function is to facilitate the subscriber to read their consumption and to the governing body the calibration of the measure.
2. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según la reivindicación 1, que se caracteriza porque el protocolo de comunicación utilizado en la interacción remota entre el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) y los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) es de comportamiento redundante. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según la reivindicación 1, que se caracteriza porque el protocolo de comunicación utilizado en la interacción remota entre el CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) y los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y) transmite la información entre éstos de forma concentrada y de esta manera controla o monítorea múltiples abonados de la red de forma simultánea. 2. Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication protocol used in the remote interaction between the CONTROL CENTER (X) and the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) is of redundant behavior Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication protocol used in the remote interaction between the CONTROL CENTER (X) and the CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y) transmits the information between these in a concentrated way and in this way controls or monitors multiple subscribers of the network simultaneously.
Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según la reivindicación 1, que tiene instalado el SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) en las PC (X2) de las estaciones de control del CENTRO DE CONTROL (X), software que a través de su interfaz gráfica se caracteriza por permitir al operador del sistema interactuar de forma remota con uno o varios GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), administrando los parámetros de cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) y sus correspondientes abonados de forma remota en función de las características específicas de cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y).  Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claim 1, which has the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) installed on the PCs (X2) of the CONTROL CENTER control stations (X), software that through its graphical interface it is characterized by allowing the system operator to interact remotely with one or more CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), managing the parameters of each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) and its corresponding subscribers remotely depending on the specific characteristics of each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, que se caracteriza porque el sistema realiza de forma remota y simultánea las acciones de lectura de consumo, conexión y/o desconexión de la energía eléctrica de múltiples abonados de la red. System for remote administration of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the system carries out the actions of reading of consumption, connection and / or disconnection of multiple electrical energy simultaneously and remotely. Network subscribers.
Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, que se caracteriza porque a través de la interfaz gráfica del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) el operador del sistema tiene la capacidad de preestablecer el valor de conteo usado como punto de partida para el registro del consumo de energía de uno o varios abonados del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y).  Remote management system of the electric power distribution network, according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that through the graphic interface of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) the system operator has the ability to preset the count value used as a starting point for recording the energy consumption of one or more subscribers of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y).
Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 4, que se caracteriza porque a través de la interfaz gráfica del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) el operador del sistema define los teléfonos de contacto a ser notificados por medio de SMS sobre eventos de alerta que ocurran en la red.  Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that through the graphic interface of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) the system operator defines the contact telephones to be notified by SMS media about alert events that occur on the network.
Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1 y 4, que se caracteriza porque a través de la interfaz gráfica del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) el operador del sistema tiene la facultad de permitir a los abonados correspondientes de un determinado GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) el acceso a la lectura de su consumo eléctrico desde su teléfono celular por medio del servicio SMS. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, que se caracteriza porque a través de la interfaz gráfica del SOFTWARE DE GESTIÓN (XI) el operador del sistema establece el valor del factor del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), valor que determina la cantidad de pulsos que tiene que recibir el sistema para que el mismo registre una unidad de consumo. Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that through the graphic interface of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) the system operator has the power to allow the corresponding subscribers of a certain CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) access to the reading of its electricity consumption from your cell phone through the SMS service. Remote management system of the electric power distribution network, according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that through the graphic interface of the MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (XI) the system operator sets the value of the CONTROLLER CABINET factor ( Y), a value that determines the number of pulses the system has to receive in order for it to register a consumption unit.
10. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1 a 9, que incluye entre las partes que lo componen, de uno o más GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y), cada uno de los cuales, a su vez, está compuesto por dos módulos denominados COMPUTADORA (Yc) y MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp), los que se caracterizan por comprender al menos los siguientes dispositivos y por participar de las siguientes funciones del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y): 10. System for remote administration of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1 to 9, which includes among its component parts, one or more CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y), each of which, in turn It is composed of two modules called COMPUTER (Y c ) and PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ), which are characterized by comprising at least the following devices and participating in the following functions of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y):
o COMPUTADORA (Yc), este módulo incluye o COMPUTER (AND c ), this module includes
> Un Módem GSM/GPRS (Y2) y una tarjeta SIM (Y3) que permiten establecer la comunicación entre CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) y los GABINETES CONTROLADORES (Y);  > A GSM / GPRS modem (Y2) and a SIM card (Y3) that allow communication between CONTROL CENTER (X) and CONTROLLER CABINETS (Y);
> Un Microcontrolador (Y4) con la función de ser centinela del Módem GSM/GPRS (Y2) de comunicación, por lo tanto es el encargado de reinicializar el Módem GSM/GPRS (Y2) sí éste no se encuentra en el nivel de voltaje o frecuencia de pulsos deseado;  > A Microcontroller (Y4) with the function of being sentinel of the GSM / GPRS Modem (Y2) of communication, therefore it is in charge of resetting the GSM / GPRS Modem (Y2) if it is not at the voltage level or desired pulse rate;
> Un Microcontrolador (Y5) que participa en las funciones de cómputo y almacenamiento de la medición del consumo, conexión y desconexión del suministro de energía, desconexión por sobredemanda de potencia, alerta por abuso y detección de las fases de energía activas de la red; > Un Módulo de optoacopladores (Y6) que participa en la función de detectar la actividad de una, dos o hasta tres fases de baja tensión;  > A Microcontroller (Y5) that participates in the computation and storage functions of the consumption measurement, connection and disconnection of the power supply, disconnection due to power demand, abuse alert and detection of the active energy phases of the network; > An Optocoupler Module (Y6) that participates in the function of detecting the activity of one, two or even three phases of low voltage;
> Un Módulo de optoacopladores (Y7) que participa en la función de detectar abusos o accesos no autorizados en el GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) o CAJA MONITORA (Z);  > An Optocoupler Module (Y7) that participates in the function of detecting abuses or unauthorized access in the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) or MONITOR BOX (Z);
>Un Módulo de optoacopladores (Y8) y un Módulo de alternistores (Y9) que participan en la función de conectar y desconectar el suministro de energía eléctrica a uno o múltiples abonados; > An Optocoupler Module (Y8) and a Alternator Module (Y9) that participate in the function of connecting and disconnecting the power supply to one or multiple subscribers;
Un Microcontrolador (Y10) que participa en la función del cómputo de la medición del consumo de energía eléctrica y desconexión por sobredemanda de potencia;  A Microcontroller (Y10) that participates in the function of computing the measurement of electric power consumption and disconnection due to power demand;
> Un Módulo de optoacopladores (Yll) que interactúa con los sensores derivadores de energía (Y29) del MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp) y con la CAJA MONITORA (Z) en la función de medición del consumo de energía eléctrica; > An Optocoupler Module (Yll) that interacts with the energy derivative sensors (Y29) of the PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ) and with the MONITOR BOX (Z) in the function of measuring the consumption of electric energy;
> Batería de respaldo (Y12) para garantizar el continuo funcionamiento de la COMPUTADORA (Yc) ante la eventual falta de energía; Un conjunto de buses (líneas de datos digitales, de energía, de voltaje continuo, analógicas de control) que interconectan a los diferentes elementos mencionados; > Backup battery (Y12) to guarantee the continuous operation of the COMPUTER (Y c ) in the event of a lack of power; A set of buses (digital, power, continuous voltage, analog control data lines) that interconnect the different elements mentioned;
o MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp), el que incluye o PERIPHERAL MODULE (AND p ), which includes
> Un módulo de contactores (Y28), sensores derivad ores de energía (Y29) y horneras (Y30) que en conjunto con componentes de la COMPUTADORA (Yc) ya mencionados, intervienen en la función de conexión y desconexión del suministro de energía; > A module of contactors (Y28), energy derivative sensors (Y29) and furnaces (Y30) which together with components of the COMPUTER (Y c ) already mentioned, intervene in the function of connecting and disconnecting the power supply;
>Tarjetas decodificadoras del consumo (Y31) que a partir de las señales analógicas que se generan en los sensores derivadores de energía (Y29) las amplifica y convierte en pulsos digitales de forma que estos pulsos puedan ser utilizados en la medición del consumo de energía eléctrica. Un conjunto de buses (líneas de datos digitales, de datos analógicos y de energía) que interconectan a los diferentes elementos mencionados. > Power decoder cards (Y31) which, based on the analog signals generated in the energy derivative sensors (Y29), amplifies them and converts them into digital pulses so that these pulses can be used to measure the consumption of electric energy . A set of buses (digital data lines, analog data and power lines) that interconnect the different elements mentioned.
11. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1,2,3,4,6,8,9 y 10, que se caracteriza por realizar la medición del consumo de la siguiente forma y a través de los siguientes componentes electrónicos del GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y): las señales analógicas (Y40) que se generan en los sensores derivadores de energía (Y29) del MÓDULO PERIFÉRICO (Yp), circulan por el bus (Y37) que alimenta a las tarjetas decodificadoras del consumo (Y31), de donde salen amplificadas y convertidas en pulsos digitales (Y41), luego éstas se envían a través del bus (Y22) a las entradas del Microcontrolador (Y10), el cual se encarga de capturar y realizar la operación de dividir estos pulsos con propósitos de optimización computacional, para luego enviar el resultado de esta operación hacia el Microcontrolador (Y5), encargado de calcular y almacenar el valor de kilowatts consumidos de acuerdo al factor de pulsaciones con que fueron fabricadas las tarjetas decodificadoras de consumo (Y31), aclarando que tales tarjetas decodificadoras provienen de fabricantes externos certificados. 11. Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1,2,3,4,6,8,9 and 10, characterized by measuring the consumption in the following way and through The following electronic components of the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y): the analog signals (Y40) that are generated in the energy-derived sensors (Y29) of the PERIPHERAL MODULE (Y p ), circulate on the bus (Y37) that feeds the decoder cards of consumption (Y31), from where they are amplified and converted into digital pulses (Y41), then they are sent through the bus (Y22) to the inputs of the Microcontroller (Y10), which is responsible for capturing and performing the operation of divide these pulses for purposes of computational optimization, and then send the result of this operation to the Microcontroller (Y5), in charge of calculating and storing the value of kilowatts consumed according to the pulsation factor with which it was n manufactured consumer decoder cards (Y31), clarifying that such decoder cards come from certified external manufacturers.
12. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1,2,3,4 y 10, que se caracteriza por realizar la desconexión de un determinado abonado por sobredemanda de potencia si el período de tiempo entre los pulsos (Y41) recibidos en las correspondientes entradas del Microcontrolador (Y10) desde el módulo de las tarjetas decodificadoras (Y31) es más corto que el parámetro definido en el sistema para dicho abonado. 12. Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1,2,3,4 and 10, characterized by disconnecting a certain subscriber due to power demand if the period of time between the pulses (Y41) received at the corresponding inputs of the Microcontroller (Y10) from the decoder card module (Y31) is shorter than the parameter defined in the system for said subscriber.
13. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1,2,3,4,5,7 y 10, que a través de dispositivos electrónicos incluidos en cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) y cada CAJA MONITORA (Z), se caracteriza por realizar automáticamente, al detectar que un GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) o CAJA MONITORA (Z) han sido intervenidos de forma no autorizada, las acciones de desconectar el suministro de energía eléctrica a todos los abonados conectados al correspondiente GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) y la de enviar una alerta al CENTRO DE CONTROL (X) y teléfonos de contacto registrados. 13. Remote management system of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1,2,3,4,5,7 and 10, which through electronic devices included in each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) and each MONITOR BOX (Z), is characterized by performing automatically, upon detecting that a CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) or MONITOR BOX (Z) have been intervened in an unauthorized manner, the actions of disconnecting the power supply to all subscribers connected to the corresponding CABINET CONTROLLER (Y) and send an alert to the CONTROL CENTER (X) and registered contact numbers.
14. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1,4,6,8,9 y 10 que presenta entre sus componentes y por cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) del sistema, una CAJA MONITORA (Z) que se caracteriza porque en ella se resguardan, de forma separada del correspondiente GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), los odómetros de energía (Z2) de los abonados asignados al GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), odómetros que no controlan el suministro de energía eléctrica y que sólo repiten el conteo que se registra en el GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y), de forma que el abonado dei sistema y ei ente rector puedan realizar, respectivamente, la lectura del consumo y la calibración de la medida.  14. System for remote administration of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1,4,6,8,9 and 10, which includes a MONITOR BOX (Z) for each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) of the system. ) which is characterized in that the energy odometers (Z2) of the subscribers assigned to the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), odometers that do not control the supply of electricity and that are protected, separately from the corresponding CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) are protected. they only repeat the count that is registered in the CONTROLLER CABINET (Y), so that the subscriber of the system and the governing body can perform, respectively, the consumption reading and the measurement calibration.
15. Sistema de administración remota de la red de distribución de energía eléctrica, según las reivindicaciones 1,4,6,8,9,10 y 14 que presenta entre sus componentes y por cada GABINETE CONTROLADOR (Y) del sistema, una CAJA MONITORA (Z) que se caracteriza por la siguiente configuración y funcionamiento:  15. System for remote administration of the electricity distribution network, according to claims 1,4,6,8,9,10 and 14, which includes a MONITOR BOX among its components and for each CONTROLLER CABINET (Y) of the system. (Z) characterized by the following configuration and operation:
o A través de un bus de datos digitales (Y24), el microcontrolador (Zl) recibe los pulsos de polaridad continua (Y42) y los convierte en pulsos de polaridad alternos (Z5) que son enviados a través del bus (16), hacia el módulo de odómetros de energía (Z2) compuesto por hasta doce micromotores de paso a paso encargados de hacer avanzar de forma correspondiente los odómetros de energía (Z2) que indican el consumo de kilowatts-hora del abonado. o Un LED pulsante (Z3) por cada odómetro de energía, que sirve para verificar la exactitud de la medida a partir de la frecuencia de los pulsos luminosos emitidos. o Un módulo de voltaje, compuesto por un regulador de voltaje (Z4), encargado de proporcionar voltaje continuo para el debido funcionamiento de la CAJA MONITORA (Z).  o Through a digital data bus (Y24), the microcontroller (Zl) receives the pulses of continuous polarity (Y42) and converts them into alternating polarity pulses (Z5) that are sent through the bus (16), to the energy odometers module (Z2) composed of up to twelve step-by-step micromotors responsible for advancing correspondingly the energy odometers (Z2) that indicate the subscriber's consumption of kilowatt-hours. o A pulsating LED (Z3) for each energy odometer, which is used to verify the accuracy of the measurement from the frequency of the emitted light pulses. o A voltage module, consisting of a voltage regulator (Z4), responsible for providing continuous voltage for the proper functioning of the MONITOR BOX (Z).
PCT/NI2013/000001 2012-12-14 2013-07-02 System for the remote administration of the electrical energy distribution network WO2014092554A1 (en)

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